Multimodal sensing has attracted much attention in solving a wide range of problems, including target detection, tracking, classification, activity understanding, speech recognition, etc. In surveillance applications,...
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Multimodal sensing has attracted much attention in solving a wide range of problems, including target detection, tracking, classification, activity understanding, speech recognition, etc. In surveillance applications, different types of sensors, such as video and acoustic sensors, provide distinct observations of ongoing activities. We present a fusion framework using both video and acoustic sensors for vehicle detection and tracking. In the detection phase, a rough estimate of target direction-of-arrival (DOA) is first obtained using acoustic data through beam-forming techniques. This initial DOA estimate designates the approximate target location in video. Given the initial target position, the DOA is refined by moving target detection using the video data. Markov chain Monte Carlo techniques are then used for joint audio-visual tracking. A novel fusion approach has been proposed for tracking, based on different characteristics of audio and visual trackers. Experimental results using both synthetic and real data are presented. Improved tracking performance has been observed by fusing the empirical posterior probability density functions obtained using both types of sensors.
In MIMO systems, where multiple antennas are used at both transmitter and receiver to achieve high spectral efficiency, channel impulse responses are often assumed to be constant over a block or packet. This assumptio...
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In MIMO systems, where multiple antennas are used at both transmitter and receiver to achieve high spectral efficiency, channel impulse responses are often assumed to be constant over a block or packet. This assumption of block stationarity on channels is valid for most fixed wireless scenarios. However, for communications in a high mobility environment, the assumption will result in considerable performance degradation. In this paper, we focus on channel estimation for a MIMO system with OFDM transmission technique. In our system, pilots are placed on N/sub P/ subcarriers for a novel channel estimation at the receiver with Kalman filters. With the channels estimated by a Kalman filter, we apply the QRD-M algorithm for suboptimal data detection with reasonable computational cost. The outputs of data detection are fed back to another Kalman filter for an improved channel estimation. By alternatively and iteratively using these two Kalman filters, a better channel estimation can be obtained. A simulation result of the bit error rate shows the improvement of 10 dB in SNR with four iterations over noniteration.
Nanomorphing with ultrafast lasers may have a significant role in direct write stamp production. Surface conditions play a critical role in the ablative properties of materials. We have conducted femtosecond laser (pu...
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Optical coherence tomography (OCT), confocal, and multiphoton microscopy are used to nondestructively monitor in situ cell distribution and cell-matrix interaction in 3-D engineered tissues composed of chitosan scaffo...
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We propose a convex optimization based strategy to deal with uncertainty in the observations of a classification problem. We assume that instead of a sample (xi, yi) a distribution over (xi, yi) is specified. In parti...
We propose a convex optimization based strategy to deal with uncertainty in the observations of a classification problem. We assume that instead of a sample (xi, yi) a distribution over (xi, yi) is specified. In particular, we derive a robust formulation when the distribution is given by a normal distribution. It leads to Second Order Cone programming formulation. Our method is applied to the problem of missing data, where it outperforms direct imputation.
This paper designs space-time codes for standard PSK and QAM signal constellations that have flexible rate, diversity and require no constellation expansion. Central to this construction are binary partitions of the P...
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This paper designs space-time codes for standard PSK and QAM signal constellations that have flexible rate, diversity and require no constellation expansion. Central to this construction are binary partitions of the PSK and QAM constellations that appear in codes designed for the Gaussian channel. The space-time codes presented here are designed by separately specifying the different levels of the binary partition in the space-time array. The individual levels are addressed by either the binary symmetric matrices associated with codewords in a Kerdock code or other families of binary matrices. Binary properties of these sets are sufficient to verify the diversity property of the codewords in the complex domain. Larger sets of binary symmetric matrices (such as the set used in Delsarte-Goethals codes) are used to trade diversity protection for increased rate.
In this study, various thicknesses of Pd catalytic films were deposited on Ti/Si substrates and pretreated with NH/sub 3/. The effects of catalyst deposition parameters and NH/sub 3/ pretreatment time (0, 1, and 10 mi...
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In this study, various thicknesses of Pd catalytic films were deposited on Ti/Si substrates and pretreated with NH/sub 3/. The effects of catalyst deposition parameters and NH/sub 3/ pretreatment time (0, 1, and 10 minutes) on the size distribution of Pd catalytic particles, and subsequently, on the diameter and density of synthesized carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were investigated. The CNTs were synthesized by thermal CVD at 750/spl deg/C using methane (CH/sub 4/) as the carbon source, and a mixture of Ar/H/sub 2/ (80 vol.%/20 vol.%) as the carrier gas.
We studied the ultrafast response in metal-semiconductor-metal ultraviolet photodiodes fabricated on GaN. The best performance of a device with 1-/spl mu/m finger width and spacing showed a 3.5-ps response. The pulse ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)1557527776
We studied the ultrafast response in metal-semiconductor-metal ultraviolet photodiodes fabricated on GaN. The best performance of a device with 1-/spl mu/m finger width and spacing showed a 3.5-ps response. The pulse width broadened significantly as the optical energy increased.
In this paper, the study of thermal CVD grown CNT field emitters in a triode amplifier configuration is reported. The DC characteristics of the CNT triode are investigated, including I/sub a/ vs. V/sub a/ for differen...
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In this paper, the study of thermal CVD grown CNT field emitters in a triode amplifier configuration is reported. The DC characteristics of the CNT triode are investigated, including I/sub a/ vs. V/sub a/ for different V/sub g/. Moreover, DC parameters such as transconductance, amplification factor and anode resistance of the triode amplifier are determined. It was shown that a higher amplification factor can be achieved with optimum gate-anode-cathode spacing such that the cathode is effectively shielded from the anode by the gate but the anode still collects all electrons emitted from the cathode. High emission current at low gate voltage is key to achieving high transconductance. This can be obtained by optimum configuration of high-density CNTs array in a triode structure with a common gate.
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