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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： S. Vijendra K. Behbehani J.R. Burk E.A. Lucas D.H. Dao H. Nazeran Biomedical Engineering Program University of Texas Arlington USA Sleep Consultants Inc. Fort Worth TX USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Texas El Paso TX USA

Frequency domain analysis of the R-R intervals was performed in subjects with and without sleep disordered breathing (SDB). Data from Physionet's Apnea-ECG database as well as data collected at our sleep disorders clinic were used for this study. 15-minute ECG epochs were selected from polysomnography data. Power spectrum analysis of the resampled R-R interval series (1.2 Hz) was performed using Welch's averaged periodogram method. Normalized power in two bands, AB/sub 1/ (0.019 to 0.071 Hz) and AB/sub 2/ (0.019 to 0.036 Hz) were used to compare the impact of SDB events on the spectrum of R-R intervals. Normalized AB/sub 1/ power produced a sensitivity of 76% and a specificity of 100% in the data from the Apnea-ECG database. The same parameter produced a sensitivity of 76% and specificity of 52% in the data collected at our sleep laboratory. This difference in the results may be attributed to the severity and duration of SDB events present in the two datasets.

关键词： Frequency domain analysis Heart rate variability Sleep Electrocardiography Databases Performance analysis Neural networks Biomedical engineering Data analysis Laboratories

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Realization adaptive strategies and a comparison of Fourier bandwidth, Shannon bandwidth, and Campbell bandwidth

Realization adaptive strategies and a comparison of Fourier ...

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Data Compression Conference (DCC)

作者： Wenye Tang Tao He J.D. Gibson Globespan Virata Inc. Red Bank NJ USA Electrical Engineering Department Southern Methodist University Dallas TX USA Media Arts and Technology Program & Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California at Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA USA

In 1960, Campbell derived a quantity that he defined as the coefficient rate of a random process that involves the process spectral entropy. However, no potential applications of the coefficient rate were identified. Two new derivations of Campbell's rate coefficient rate are presented. One derivation solidifies the interpretation of this quantity as a coefficient rate and allows definition of an effective bandwidth for the process. The second derivation implies a new approach for realization adaptive source compression. The coefficient rate can be used for realization adaptive coefficient selection in a sequence of source representations. Furthermore, the effective bandwidth is designated as Campbell bandwidth and contrasted with Fourier bandwidth and Shannon bandwidth. Several specific examples are presented that illustrate the differences among the three quantities.

关键词： Bandwidth Entropy Random processes Electronic mail Image coding Speech processing Discrete cosine transforms Energy measurement Helium Codes

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Fuzzy-neuro predictive control, tuned by genetic algorithms, applied to a fermentation process

Fuzzy-neuro predictive control, tuned by genetic algorithms,...

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IEEE International Symposium on Intelligent Control (ISIC)

作者： J.A. Fabro L.V.R. Arruda Automation and Advanced Control Systems Labratory-LASCA Graduate Program on Electrical Engineering and Applied Computer Science-CPGEI Federal Centre of Technological Education of Paraná Curitiba Parana Brazil

This paper proposes the development of a fuzzy predictive control. Genetic algorithms (GA's) are used to automatically tune the controller. A recurrent neural network is used to identify the process, and then provides predictions about the process behavior, based on control actions applied to the system. These predictions are used by the fuzzy controller, in order to accomplish a better control of an alcoholic fermentation process from chemical industry. This problem has been chosen due to its non-linearity and large accommodation time, that make it hard to control by standard controllers. Comparison of performance is made with non-predictive approaches(PID and Fuzzy-PD), and also with another predictive approach, GPC(Generalized Predictive Control).

关键词： Predictive control Genetic algorithms Control systems Fuzzy control Alcoholism Recurrent neural networks Nonlinear control systems Artificial intelligence Biomass Control system synthesis

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Process monitoring via independent components

Process monitoring via independent components

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IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics

作者： T.T. Shannon D. Abercrombie J. McNames Systems Science Program Portland State University Portland OR USA LSI Logic Inc. Gresham OR USA Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Portland State University Portland OR USA

We propose a method for process monitoring of a semiconductor manufacturing process. Independent component analysis (ICA) is applied to characterize E-test parameter data. We calculate angular confidence intervals for the model, eliminate marginally significant components and implement control charts for significant components of interest. Alarms are generated off of deviations in the charted components. Alarms are easily used in process diagnosis based on the interpretation of the independent components.

关键词： Independent component analysis Manufacturing processes Process control computerized monitoring Semiconductor device manufacture Production Circuit testing Random variables Mutual information Principal component analysis

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A Microsensor Based on a Microcantilever Patterned with an Environmentally Sensitive Hydrogel

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MRS Online Proceedings Library 2003年第1期729卷 481-486页

作者： Zachary Hilt, J. Gupta, Amit K. Bashir, Rashid Peppas, Nicholas A. NSF Program on Therapeutic and Diagnostic Devices Purdue University West Lafayette USA Biomaterials and Drug Delivery Laboratories School of Chemical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette USA

A process was developed for patterning thin films of environmentally sensitive hydrogels onto silicon microcantilevers. Microcantilevers have been shown to be ultra-sensitive transducers for chemical, physical, and biological microsensors. By patterning environmentally sensitive hydrogels onto silicon microcantilevers, novel microsensors were prepared for MEMS and BioMEMS applications. Specifically, a cross-linked poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) network containing significant amounts of poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (PEGDMA) was studied. This hydrogel exhibits a swelling dependence on pH. By increasing the environmental pH above the pKa of PMAA to cause ionization of the carboxylic acid groups, electrostatic repulsion is produced along the main polymer chain causing the polymer network to expand and swell. Therefore, a pH change induces swelling or shrinking of the polymer network and creates stress on the microcantilever surface causing it to bend. In this study, silicon microcantilevers were fabricated on p-type (100) SOI wafers. Covalent adhesion was gained between the polymer and the silicon surface through the modification of the silicon surface with ?-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane. Hydrogels were patterned onto the silicon microcantilevers utilizing a mask aligner to allow for precise positioning. The micropatterned hydrogels were analyzed using optical microscopy and profilometry. The bending response of patterned cantilevers with a change in environmental pH was observed, providing proof-of-concept for a MEMS/BioMEMS sensor based on microcantilevers patterned with environmentally sensitive hydrogels.

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Non-linear interferometric vibrational imaging

Non-linear interferometric vibrational imaging

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： J.S. Bredfeldt D.L. Marks S. Hambir D. Dlott S.A. Boppart Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign USA School of Chemical Sciences University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign USA Department of Electrica1 and Computer Engineering Bioengineering Program College of Medicine University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL USA

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A summating, exponentially-decaying CMOS synapse for spiking neural systems 03

A summating, exponentially-decaying CMOS synapse for spiking...

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Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems

作者： Rock Z. Shi Timothy Horiuchi Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Maryland College Park MD and Institute for Systems Research University of Maryland College Park MD Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Maryland College Park MD and Institute for Systems Research University of Maryland College Park MD and Neuroscience and Cognitive Science Program University of Maryland College Park MD

Synapses are a critical element of biologically-realistic, spike-based neural computation, serving the role of communication, computation, and modification. Many different circuit implementations of synapse function exist with different computational goals in mind. In this paper we describe a new CMOS synapse design that separately controls quiescent leak current, synaptic gain, and time-constant of decay. This circuit implements part of a commonly-used kinetic model of synaptic conductance. We show a theoretical analysis and experimental data for prototypes fabricated in a commercially-available 1.5µm CMOS process.

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Adaptive feature selection for hyperspectral data analysis using a binary hierarchical classifier and tabu search

Adaptive feature selection for hyperspectral data analysis u...

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IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (IGARSS)

作者： D. Korycinski M. Crawford J.W. Barnes J. Ghosh Center for Space Research University of Texas Austin Austin TX USA Graduate Program in Operations Research and Industrial Engineering University of Texas Austin Austin TX USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Texas Austin Austin TX USA

High dimensional inputs coupled with scarcity of labeled data are among the greatest challenges for classification of hyperspectral data. These problems are exacerbated if the number of classes is large. High dimensional output classes can often be handled effectively by decomposition into multiple two-(meta)class problems, where each sub-problem is solved using a suitable binary classifier, and outputs of this collection of classifiers are combined in a suitable manner to obtain the answer to the original multi-class problem. This approach is taken by the binary hierarchical classifier (BHC). The advantages of the BHC for output decomposition can be further exploited for hyperspectral data analysis by integrating a feature selection methodology with the classifier. Building upon the previously developed best bases BHC algorithm with greedy feature selection, a new method is developed that selects a subset of band groups within metaclasses using reactive tabu search. Experimental results obtained from analysis of Hyperion data acquired over the Okavango Delta in Botswana are superior to those of the greedy feature selection approach and more robust than either the original BHC or the BHC with greedy feature selection.

关键词： Hyperspectral imaging Data analysis Tree data structures Training data Feature extraction Operations research Industrial engineering Robustness Parameter estimation Computational complexity

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Diversity-embedded space-time codes

Diversity-embedded space-time codes

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IEEE Conference and Exhibition on Global Telecommunications (GLOBECOM)

作者： S.N. Diggavi N. Al-Dhahir A.R. Calderbank School of Computer and Communication Sciences Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne Switzerland Department of Electrical Engineering University of Technology Dallas TX USA Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton University Princeton NJ USA

Rate and diversity impose a fundamental trade-off in space-time coding. High-rate space-time codes come at a cost of lower diversity, and high reliability (diversity) implies a lower rate. We explore a different point of view where we design high-rate space-time codes that have a high-diversity code embedded within them. This allows a form of communication where the high-rate code opportunistically takes advantage of good channel realizations whereas the embedded high-diversity code ensures that at least part of the information is received reliably. We explore this point of view with design issues, along with some preliminary progress on code constructions and some information-theoretic considerations.

关键词： Space time codes Rayleigh channels Costs Transmitting antennas Transmitters Space technology Mathematics Wireless communication Error probability Time division multiplexing

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Deployment of Canada's largest campus wireless network at the University of British Columbia

Deployment of Canada's largest campus wireless network at th...

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International Conference on Information Technology: Research and Education (ITRE)

作者： J. Martell D.G. Michelson S.G. Mair D. Zollmann University of British Columbia UNP Wireless Project Vancouver BC Canada Dept of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada University of British Columbia University Networking Program Vancouver BC Canada

By August 2003, the University of British Columbia has completed the initial deployment of Canada's largest campus wireless network. Based upon the IEEE 802.11 standard and designed to provide ubiquitous coverage throughout all campus buildings and some outside areas, the network may eventually include between 1,200 and 1,500 access points, serve over 300 buildings and cover more than one million square metres. Deploying a new and evolving technology on this scale is a massive commitment involving not only core members of the wireless project team, but also university architects, network designers, vendors, external contractors, developers, researchers, and others. Particular challenges have included: (1) anticipating the demands which faculty, staff, and students may place upon the network, both now and in the future; (2) anticipating the future directions in which wireless LAN technology and standards might evolve and the downstream implications of the design decisions that we make today, and (3) devising ways to overlay new technology into existing environments without significant disruption to people and processes.

关键词： Wireless networks computer networks Buildings Wireless LAN Ubiquitous computing Project management Explosives Wide area networks Hospitals Economies of scale

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