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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Salvatore Calcagno Raffaele Mineo Daniela Giordano Concetto Spampinato Department of Electrical Electronics and Computer Engineering Pattern Recognition and Computer Vision Laboratory (PeRCeiVe Lab) University of Catania Italy

In this short paper, we present the devised solutions for the subject identification and relapse detection tasks, which are part of the e-Prevention Challenge hosted at the ICASSP 2023 conference [1] [2] [3]. We specifically design an ensemble scheme of six models - five transformer-based ones and a CNN model - for the identification of subjects from wearable devices, while a personalized - one for each subject - scheme is used for relapse detection in psychotic disorder. Our final submitted solutions yield top performance on both tracks of the challenge: we ranked 2 nd on the subject identification task (with an accuracy of 93.85%) and 1 st on the relapse detection task (with a ROC-AUC and PR-AUC of about 0.65). Code and details are available at https://***/perceivelab/e-prevention-icassp-2023.

关键词： Performance evaluation Codes Wearable computers Signal processing Transformers Acoustics Object recognition

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Assessing the Generalization Capacity of Convolutional Neural Networks and vision Transformers for Deforestation Detection in Tropical Biomes

Assessing the Generalization Capacity of Convolutional Neura...

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2024 Symposium on Beyond the Canopy: Technologies and Applications of Remote Sensing

作者： Soto Vega, Pedro J. Torres, Daliana Lobo Andrade-Miranda, Gustavo X. da Costa, Gilson A.O.P. Feitosa, Raul Queiroz L@bISEN Vision-AD and Auto-ROB ISEN Yncréa Ouest 20 rue Cuirassé Bretagne Brest29200 France University Brest LaTIM INSERM UMR 1101 Brest France Dept. of Electrical Engineering Computer Vision Laboratory Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil Rio de Janeiro Brazil

Deep Learning (DL) models, such as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and vision Transformers (ViTs), have become popular for change detection tasks, including the deforestation mapping application. However, not enough attention has been paid to the domain shift issue, which affects classification performance when pre-trained models are used in areas with different forest covers and deforestation practices. This study compares DL methods for deforestation detection, focusing on assessing how well CNNs and ViTs can adapt to the domain shift. Two different models, namely, DeepLabv3+ and UNETR, were trained using remote sensing images and references from a specific location and then tested in other sites to simulate real-world scenarios. The results showed that the ViT-based architecture achieved better performance when trained and tested in the same region but showed lower generalization capacity in cross-domain scenarios. We consider this a work in progress that needs further research to confirm its findings, with the evaluation of additional architectures on a wider range of domains. © Author(s) 2024. CC BY 4.0 License.

关键词： Forest ecology

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Inverse Kinematics of Robotic Manipulators Using a New Learning-by-Example Method

Inverse Kinematics of Robotic Manipulators Using a New Learn...

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IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)

作者： Jacket Demby’s Ramy Farag Guilherme N. DeSouza Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS) Vision-Guided and Intelligent Robotics (ViGIR) Laboratory University of Missouri-Columbia Columbia Missouri

ISBN: (数字)9798350377705

ISBN: (纸本)9798350377712

Inverse Kinematics (IK) is one of the most fundamental challenges in robotics. It refers to the process of determining the joint configurations required to achieve the desired position and orientation (pose) of a robot end-effector. Although numerous Data-Driven (DD) IK solvers have demonstrated encouraging results, they have not achieved the same accuracy when compared to other IK methods for complex robot configurations (e.g., numerical methods for higher Degrees of Freedom (DoF)). In this work, we propose a new Learning-by-Example method, and show that such a scheme considerably improves the IK learning results when compared to other DD learners. In our approach, the network input incorporates an example of joint-pose pair along with the query pose to predict the desired robot joint configuration. We show that the example joint-pose pair does not need to be too close to the query – i.e. example and query can be as far as 20 degrees apart in the joint configuration space. Furthermore, we investigate the utilization of residual and dense skip connections in Multilayer Perceptron for DDIK solvers and employ the resulting networks for two redundant robotic manipulators: a 7-DoF-7R commensurate robot and a 7DoF-2RP4R incommensurate robot. Our experimental results show that the resulting DDIK solver can reliably predict IK solutions with accuracy better than 1mm in position and 1deg in orientation.

关键词： Hands Accuracy Kinematics Network architecture Multilayer perceptrons Numerical models Reliability Collision avoidance Robots Intelligent robots

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Automated Segmentation and Connectivity Analysis for Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus

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Biomedical engineering Frontiers 2022年第1期3卷 1-13页

作者： Angela Zhang Amil Khan Saisidharth Majeti Judy Pham Christopher Nguyen Peter Tran Vikram Iyer Ashutosh Shelat Jefferson Chen B.S.Manjunath Vision Research Laboratory Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraSanta BarbaraCAUSA Chen Lab Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of CaliforniaIrvine Medical CenterOrangeCAUSA Santa Barbara Cottage Hospital Santa BarbaraCAUSA

Objective and Impact *** propose an automated method of predicting Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus(NPH)from CT scans.A deep convolutional network segments regions of interest from the *** regions are then combined with MRI information to predict *** our knowledge,this is the first method which automatically predicts NPH from CT scans and incorporates diffusion tractography information for *** to their low cost and high versatility,CT scans are often used in NPH *** well-defined and effective protocol currently exists for analysis of CT scans for ***’index,an approximation of the ventricle to brain volume using one 2D image slice,has been proposed but is not *** proposed approach is an effective way to quantify regions of interest and offers a computational method for predicting *** propose a novel method to predict NPH by combining regions of interest segmented from CT scans with connectome data to compute features which capture the impact of enlarged ventricles by excluding fiber tracts passing through these *** segmentation and network features are used to train a model for NPH *** method outperforms the current state-of-the-art by 9 precision points and 29 recall *** segmentation model outperforms the current state-of-the-art in segmenting the ventricle,gray-white matter,and subarachnoid space in CT *** experimental results demonstrate that fast and accurate volumetric segmentation of CT brain scans can help improve the NPH diagnosis process,and network properties can increase NPH prediction accuracy.

关键词： diagnosis network Connectivity

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Sequential Transfer with Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm for Feature Selection of Small, High-Dimensional Datasets

Sequential Transfer with Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm f...

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Congress on Evolutionary Computation

作者： Parth C. Upadhyay G. N. DeSouza John A. Lory Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS) Vision-Guided and Intelligent Robotics (ViGIR) Laboratory Division of Plant Sciences University of Missouri Columbia MO

ISBN: (数字)9798350308365

ISBN: (纸本)9798350308372

Performing feature selection on a small number of instances with high-dimensional datasets poses a needed challenge in preventing over-fitting. To address this issue, this paper proposes a sequential transfer-learning approach combined with a multi-objective genetic algorithm (STMO-GA) for feature selection. Firstly, for the multi-objective component of our method, we employ a Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II) to generate a Pareto front. Then, features are ranked based on their number of appearances in the same Pareto front. Next, during the sequential knowledge transfer process, the ranked features are iteratively selected until a predetermined $n$ number of features remains. This feature subspace is further refined by a k-fold cross-validation operation, starting from the rank-one feature, to determine the cut-off of the $n$ features that will remain. Comparative evaluations against both GA-based as well as traditional feature selection methods demonstrate that the proposed method achieves superior classification accuracy, while retaining the smallest number or a comparable number of features.

关键词： Accuracy Evolutionary computation Feature extraction Genetics Linear programming Robustness Optimization

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Machine learning predicts long-term mortality after acute myocardial infarction using systolic time intervals and routinely collected clinical data

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Intelligent Medicine 2024年第3期4卷 170-176页

作者： Bijan Roudini Boshra Khajehpiri Hamid Abrishami Moghaddam Mohamad Forouzanfar Department of Systems Engineering School of Advanced TechnologyUniversity of QuebecMontrealCanada Machine Vision and Medical Image Processing(MVMIP)Laboratory Faculty of Electrical and Computer EngineeringK.N.Toosi University of TechnologyTehranIran Research Center of the Montreal University Institute of Geriatrics MontrealCanada

Background Precise estimation of current and future comorbidities of patients with cardiovascular disease is an important factor in prioritizing continuous physiological monitoring and new *** learning(ML)models have shown satisfactory performance in short-term mortality prediction in patients with heart disease,whereas their utility in long-term predictions is *** study aimed to investigate the performance of tree-based ML models on long-term mortality prediction and effect of two recently introduced biomarkers on long-term *** This study used publicly available data from the Collaboration Center of Health Information Appli-cation at the Ministry of Health and Welfare,Taiwan,*** collected data were from patients admitted to the cardiac care unit for acute myocardial infarction(AMI)between November 2003 and September *** collected and analyzed mortality data up to December *** records were used to gather demo-graphic and clinical data,including age,gender,body mass index,percutaneous coronary intervention status,and comorbidities such as hypertension,dyslipidemia,ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction,and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial *** the data,collected from 139 patients with AMI,from medical and demographic records as well as two recently introduced biomarkers,brachial pre-ejection period(bPEP)and brachial ejection time(bET),we investigated the performance of advanced ensemble tree-based ML algorithms(random forest,AdaBoost,and XGBoost)to predict all-cause mortality within 14 years.A nested cross-validation was performed to evaluate and compare the performance of our developed models precisely with that of the conventional logistic regression(LR)as the baseline *** The developed ML models achieved significantly better performance compared to the baseline LR(C-Statistic,0.80 for random forest,0.79 for AdaBoost,and 0.78 for XGBoost,vs.0.77 for LR)(PRF<0.001,PAdaBoost<0.001,a

关键词： Electrocardiogram Predication Mortality prediction Machine learning

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Hinge-Wasserstein: Estimating Multimodal Aleatoric Uncertainty in Regression Tasks

Hinge-Wasserstein: Estimating Multimodal Aleatoric Uncertain...

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IEEE computer Society Conference on computer vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (CVPRW)

作者： Ziliang Xiong Arvi Jonnarth Abdelrahman Eldesokey Joakim Johnander Bastian Wandt Per-Erik Forssén Department of Electrical Engineering Computer Vision Laboratory LiU Sweden Husqvarna Group Huskvarna Sweden Visual Computing Center KAUST Saudi Arabia Zenseact Sweden

ISBN: (数字)9798350365474

ISBN: (纸本)9798350365481

computer vision systems that are deployed in safety-critical applications need to quantify their output uncertainty. We study regression from images to parameter values and here it is common to detect uncertainty by predicting probability distributions. In this context, we investigate the regression-by-classification paradigm which can represent multimodal distributions, without a prior assumption on the number of modes. Through experiments on a specifically designed synthetic dataset, we demonstrate that traditional loss functions lead to poor probability distribution estimates and severe overconfidence, in the absence of full ground truth distributions. In order to alleviate these issues, we propose hinge-Wasserstein – a simple improvement of the Wasserstein loss that reduces the penalty for weak secondary modes during training. This enables prediction of complex distributions with multiple modes, and allows training on datasets where full ground truth distributions are not available. In extensive experiments, we show that the proposed loss leads to substantially better uncertainty estimation on two challenging computer vision tasks: horizon line detection and stereo disparity estimation.

关键词： Training computer vision Uncertainty Conferences Estimation Probability distribution Pattern recognition

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From Missing Pieces to Masterpieces: Image Completion With Context-Adaptive Diffusion

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IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 2025年第7期47卷 6073-6087页

作者： Shamsolmoali, Pourya Zareapoor, Masoumeh Zhou, Huiyu Felsberg, Michael Tao, Dacheng Li, Xuelong University of York Department of Computer Science YorkYO10 5DD United Kingdom East China Normal University SCEE Shanghai200050 China Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Electrical Engineering Shanghai200240 China University of Leicester School of Computing and Mathematical Sciences LeicesterLE1 7RH United Kingdom Linköping University Computer Vision Laboratory Linkoping581 83 Sweden Nanyang Technological University College of Computing and Data Science 639798 Singapore of China Telecom Beijing100033 China

Image completion is a challenging task, particularly when ensuring that generated content seamlessly integrates with existing parts of an image. While recent diffusion models have shown promise, they often struggle with maintaining coherence between known and unknown (missing) regions. This issue arises from the lack of explicit spatial and semantic alignment during the diffusion process, resulting in content that does not smoothly integrate with the original image. Additionally, diffusion models typically rely on global learned distributions rather than localized features, leading to inconsistencies between the generated and existing image parts. In this work, we propose ConFill, a novel framework that introduces a Context-Adaptive Discrepancy (CAD) model to ensure that intermediate distributions of known and unknown regions are closely aligned throughout the diffusion process. By incorporating CAD, our model progressively reduces discrepancies between generated and original images at each diffusion step, leading to contextually aligned completion. Moreover, ConFill uses a new Dynamic Sampling mechanism that adaptively increases the sampling rate in regions with high reconstruction complexity. This approach enables precise adjustments, enhancing detail and integration in restored areas. Extensive experiments demonstrate that ConFill outperforms current methods, setting a new benchmark in image completion. © 1979-2012 IEEE.

关键词： computer aided design

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TetraSphere: A Neural Descriptor for O(3)-Invariant Point Cloud Analysis

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Melnyk, Pavlo Robinson, Andreas Felsberg, Michael Wadenbäck, Mårten Computer Vision Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering Linköping University Sweden

In many practical applications, 3D point cloud analysis requires rotation invariance. In this paper, we present a learnable descriptor invariant under 3D rotations and reflections, i.e., the O(3) actions, utilizing the recently introduced steerable 3D spherical neurons and vector neurons. Specifically, we propose an embedding of the 3D spherical neurons into 4D vector neurons, which leverages end-to-end training of the model. In our approach, we perform TetraTransform-an equivariant embedding of the 3D input into 4D, constructed from the steerable neurons-and extract deeper O(3)-equivariant features using vector neurons. This integration of the TetraTransform into the VN-DGCNN framework, termed TetraSphere, negligibly increases the number of parameters by less than 0.0002%. TetraSphere sets a new state-of-the-art performance classifying randomly rotated real-world object scans of the challenging subsets of ScanObjectNN. Additionally, TetraSphere outperforms all equivariant methods on randomly rotated synthetic data: classifying objects from ModelNet40 and segmenting parts of the ShapeNet shapes. Thus, our results reveal the practical value of steerable 3D spherical neurons for learning in 3D Euclidean space. The code is available at https://***/pavlo-melnyk/tetrasphere. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Neurons

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Zero-Shot Video Restoration and Enhancement Using Pre-Trained Image Diffusion Model

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Cao, Cong Yue, Huanjing Liu, Xin Yang, Jingyu School of Electrical and Information Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin China Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Laboratory School of Engineering Science Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology LUT Lappeenranta Finland

Diffusion-based zero-shot image restoration and enhancement models have achieved great success in various tasks of image restoration and enhancement. However, directly applying them to video restoration and enhancement results in severe temporal flickering artifacts. In this paper, we propose the first framework for zero-shot video restoration and enhancement based on the pre-trained image diffusion model. By replacing the spatial self-attention layer with the proposed short-long-range (SLR) temporal attention layer, the pre-trained image diffusion model can take advantage of the temporal correlation between frames. We further propose temporal consistency guidance, spatial-temporal noise sharing, and an early stopping sampling strategy to improve temporally consistent sampling. Our method is a plug-and-play module that can be inserted into any diffusion-based image restoration or enhancement methods to further improve their performance. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of our proposed method. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Restoration

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