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InP/ZnS core/shell quantum dots: Synthesis, characterization and their application in fullerene derivative based flexible solar cells

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Results in Physics 2025年 69卷

作者： Zhichu, Chen Tahir, Muhammad Muhammad, Fida Aziz, Fakhra Ayub, Ambreen Badshah, Fazal Refat, Moamen S. Cakmak, Sadiye M. Rehan, Shanza Adam, Abdel Majid A. Alsuhaibani, Amnah Mohammed Ayob, Afida Sarker, Mahidur R Khan, Adam School of Electrical and Information Engineering Hubei University of Automotive Technology Shiyan 442002 China Semiconductor Physics & Devices Laboratory Department of Physics Faculty of Physical and Numerical Sciences Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan 23200 Pakistan Department of Electronics University of Peshawar KP Pakistan Department of Physics Women University Mardan KP 23200 Pakistan Department of Chemistry College of Science Taif University P.O. Box 11099 Taif 21944 Saudi Arabia Program of Medical Monitoring Techniques Osmangazi University Eskisehir Eskisehir 26040 Turkey Faculty of Materials and Chemical Engineering GIK Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology Topi 23640 Pakistan Department of Physical Sport Sciences College of Sport Sciences & Physical Activity Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh 11671 Saudi Arabia Centre for Integrated Systems Engineering and Advanced Technologies (INTEGRA) Department of Electrical Electronic and Systems Engineering Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Bangi 43600 Malaysia Institute of Visual Informatics Universiti Kebangsaan Selangor Malaysia Bangi 43600 Malaysia Universidad de Diseno Innovacion y Tecnología UDIT Av. Alfonso XIII 97 Madrid 28016 Spain Department of Electronics Engineering University of Engineering & Technology Peshawar (Abbottabad Campus) Abbottabad Pakistan

Herein, we report on the synthesis and characterization of p-type semiconductor indium phosphide/zinc sulphide (InP/ZnS) core/shell quantum dots (QDs) prepared via a simple solvothermal method and their potential application in bulk heterojunction (BHJ) flexible solar cell (SC). The BHJ SC composed of donor–acceptor (D-A) configuration at nanoscale provides larger interfacial junction area throughout the bulk volume of the photo-absorber D-A blend that facilitates excitons to efficiently dissociate within the bulk layer at D-A interface. Hence, InP/ZnS core–shell QDs and a fullerene derivative – phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) – are used as hybrid inorganic–organic D-A materials, respectively, to fabricate Ag/LiF/InP/ZnS-PCBM/P3HT/ITO/PET BHJ flexible SC. Indium tin oxide (ITO) coated on polyethylene terephthalate (PET), poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT), lithium fluoride (LiF) and silver (Ag) are employed as a flexible substrate, hole transport layer (HTL), electron transport layer (ETL) and counter electrode, respectively. Photovoltaic (PV) properties of the fabricated BHJ flexible SC are studied under standard testing conditions (STC) i.e., 25 ⁰C, 1.5 AM global and 100 mW/cm² irradiation, which exhibit fill factor (FF) of 59 ± 0.02 % and power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 4.22 ± 0.05 %. Also, the heterojunction characteristics are investigated in dark condition (0 lx) to find series resistance (R_s), ideality factor (n), and reverse saturation current (I₀). X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy are performed to further investigate the properties of InP/ZnS-PCBM thin films. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image of InP/ZnS core/shell QDs confirmed the successful synthesis of QDs having an average size of 5 ± 1 nm. The InP/ZnS-PCBM D-A photo-absorber layer reveals its potential as one of good candidates for hi

关键词： Flexible solar cell Hybrid bulk heterojunction (BHJ) InP/ZnS core/shell QDs Power conversion efficiency (PCE) Quantum dots (QDs) synthesis

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Thermoelectric chalcopyrite-type ZnSnAs2 compound with high power factor for low-grade waste-heat recovery

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Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2025年 1033卷

作者： Nakashima, Koki Miura, Shoma Ienaga, Hiroki Nomoto, Keita Yoshino, Kenji Nishioka, Kensuke Nagaoka, Akira of Engineering University of Miyazaki Miyazaki889-2192 Japan School of Aerospace Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering and Australian Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis The University of Sydney Sydney2006 Australia Faculty of Engineering Electrical and Electronic System Program University of Miyazaki Miyazaki889-2192 Japan GX Research Center University of Miyazaki Miyazaki889-2192 Japan

Chalcopyrite compounds are promising thermoelectric (TE) materials owing to their excellent performance. Adopting a pseudocubic structure is a key strategy to improve the TE performance as it increases the degeneracy at the valence band edge. Herein, the TE properties of a II-IV-V2 group, p-type ZnSnAs2 chalcopyrite with a pseudocubic structure are systematically investigated. Polycrystalline, single phase, stoichiometric ZnSnAs2 was obtained at growth temperatures above 700 ºC. The TE properties of ZnSnAs2 depended on its intrinsic defect concentration, which was influenced by its Zn/Sn ratios. A high power factor value of 2890 μW/mK2 was obtained in Zn-poor Zn0.9Sn1.1As2 at 373 K. The TE figure of merit for the off-stoichiometric ZnSnAs2 reached 0.1 at 573 K. Consequently, a maximum TE conversion efficiency of ∼1 % at a temperature gradient of 300 K was demonstrated for a ZnSnAs2-based single-leg device. These results can accelerate the development of TE technologies for low-energy harvesting. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Crystal growth from melt

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Sustainable valorization of grass biomass via hydrothermal pretreatment for biogas and biofuel co-production

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Journal of environmental management 2025年 389卷 126109页

作者： Arada Hmeekong Laemthong Chuenchom Boonya Charnnok Sumate Chaiprapat Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering Prince of Songkla University Hat Yai Songkhla 90110 Thailand. Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Prince of Songkla University Hat Yai Songkhla 90110 Thailand. Energy Technology Program Department of Interdisciplinary Engineering Faculty of Engineering Prince of Songkla University Hat Yai Songkhla 90110 Thailand. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering Prince of Songkla University Hat Yai Songkhla 90110 Thailand PSU Energy Systems Research Institute (PERIN) Prince of Songkla University Hat Yai Songkhla 90110 Thailand. Electronic address: sumate.ch@psu.ac.th.

This study investigates the potential of hydrothermal pretreatment to enhance the energy recovery and waste management of Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) as a co-substrate in pig farming operations. Pig farms in Thailand generate wastewater rich in organic matter and nutrients, and efficient treatment is essential for meeting environmental discharge standards and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Two pretreatment strategies were evaluated: a low-temperature hydrothermal fermentative pretreatment (HFP) and a high-temperature thermal hydrolysis pretreatment (THP). Napier grass, characterized by its high lignocellulosic content and rapid growth, was processed at various temperatures (35-100 °C for HFP; 125-200 °C for THP) and reaction times (6-72 h) to produce distinct liquid and solid fractions. Biochemical methane potential (BMP) assays demonstrated that HFP at 35 °C for 12 h yielded the highest overall methane production (184.5 m CH per ton of dry biomass), reflecting a 65 % increase in biodegradability relative to untreated grass. Regression analysis further elucidated the interactive effects of temperature and reaction time on methane yields, while mass balance evaluations compared alternative pathways for the valorization of the HFP solids. Notably, converting the solids into biomass pellets delivered a superior net energy output compared to further anaerobic digestion. Overall, the integrated approach of using hydrothermal pretreatment, especially via HFP, not only improves biogas yields but also aligns with sustainable agricultural practices by reducing waste, mitigating environmental impacts, and enhancing the energy efficiency of pig farming systems.

关键词： Anaerobic digestion Animal waste management Biomass pellet Fermentative pretreatment Hydrothermal pretreatment Mass and energy balance Napier grass

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Construction of dual Z-scheme Ag3VO4–BiVO4/InVO4 photocatalysts using vanadium source from spent catalysts for contaminated water treatment and bacterial inactivation

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Chemosphere 2024年 363卷 142746页

作者： Lee, Kuen-Chan Hsu, Shih-Chieh Huang, Jen-Hsien Wang, Kuan-Syun Pang, Wei Kong Hu, Chih-Wei Jiang, Yi-Jhen Cho, Er-Chieh Weng, Huei Chu Liu, Ting-Yu Department of Science Education National Taipei University of Education No. 134 Sec. 2 Heping E. Road Da-an District Taipei City106 Taiwan PhD Program in Medical Neuroscience College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University 250 Wuxing Street Taipei City110 Taiwan Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering Tamkang University No. 151 Yingzhuan Road Tamsui District New Taipei City25137 Taiwan Department of Green Material Technology Green Technology Research Institute CPC Corporation No.2 Zuonan Rd. Nanzi District Kaohsiung City81126 Taiwan Department of Materials Engineering Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City243303 Taiwan Faculty of Engineering Institute for Superconducting & Electronic Materials University of Wollongong WollongongNSW Australia National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center 101 Hsin-Ann Road Hsinchu Science Park Hsinchu30076 Taiwan School of Pharmacy College of Pharmacy Taipei Medical University 250 Wuxing Street Taipei City110 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering Chung Yuan Christian University No. 200 Chungpei Road Chungli District Taoyuan City32023 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Yuan Ze University Taoyuan City32003 Taiwan College of Engineering & Center for Sustainability and Energy Technologies Chang Gung University Taoyuan33302 Taiwan

Vanadate-based photocatalysts have recently attracted substantial attention owing to their outstanding photocatalytic activity for degrading organic pollutants and generating energy via photocatalytic processes. However, the relatively high price of vanadium has hindered the development of vanadate-based photocatalysts for various applications. Spent catalysts obtained from oil refineries typically contain a significant quantity of vanadium, making them valuable for recovery and utilization as precursors for the production of high-value-added photocatalysts. In this study, we transformed the V present in spent catalysts produced by the petrochemical industry into ternary vanadate-based photocatalysts [BiVO4/InVO4/Ag3VO4 (BVO/IVO/AVO, respectively)] designed for water remediation. The ternary composites revealed an enhanced photocatalytic capability, which was 1.42 and 5.1 times higher than those of the binary BVO/IVO and pristine AVO due to the facilitated charge separation. The ternary photocatalysts not only effectively treated wastewater containing various organic dyes, such as methylene blue (MB), rhodamine 6G (R6G), and brilliant green (BG), but also exhibited remarkable photocatalytic performance in the degradation of antibiotics, reduction of Cr(VI), and bacterial inactivation. This paper proposes a feasible route for recycling industrial waste as a source of vanadium to produce highly efficient vanadate-based photocatalysts. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Water pollution

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Muscle coactivation analysis for neuromuscular control assessment of lower limb stretch-shortening cycle

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Gait & Posture 2023年 106卷 S175-S176页

作者： Rodrigues, Carlos Correia, Miguel Abrantes, João Benedetti, Marco Nadal, Jurandir Faculty of Engineering- University of Porto Biomedical Engineering Program Porto Portugal INESC TEC - Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering- Technology and Science C-BER - Centre for Biomedical Engineering Research Porto Portugal Faculty of Engineering- University of Porto Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Porto Portugal CICANT - Centre for Research in Applied Communication- Culture and New Technologies MovLab - Laboratory of Technologies for Interactions and Interfaces Lisbon Portugal Federal University of Pernambuco Department of Electronic and Systems Recife Brazil Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Biomedical Engineering Program Rio de Janeiro Brazil

IntroductionMuscle stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) is a central mechanism with lower limb muscle contraction immediately preceded by muscle stretch for efficient submaximal activities such as gait and powerful maximal activities such as running and jumping [1,2]. Research questionAlthough muscle SSC can be observed at gait and running its higher expression and accessibility is performed on standard maximum vertical jump (MVJ) with an open issue on neuromuscular control assessment of lower limb muscle SSC [3]. MethodsFor this purpose, we present and applied noninvasive subject specific analysis of lower limb muscle coactivation for selected muscles with higher contribution during MVJ impulse based on corresponding conditioned surface electromyographic signals (sEMG). Selected muscles correspond to lower limb muscles vastus medialis (VM), rectus femoris (RF), vastus lateralis (VL), lateral gastrocnemius (LG) and medial gastrocnemius (MG). Twenty-seven trials were assessed corresponding for each subject to the highest MVJ based on larger flight time with long SSC at countermovement jump (CMJ), short SSC at drop jump (DJ) and squat jump (SJ) with no SSC. Trial sample is composed by a group of six young adult volunteers’ students on sports and physical education degree with the ages (21.5 ± 1.4) years, (76.7 ± 9.3) kg mass and (1.79 ± 0.06) m height. Surface skin was prepared and Aqua-Wet gel Skintact F55 electrodes were applied at bipolar configuration as indicated by SENIAN. VM, RF, VL, LG and MG sEMG linear envelopes were paired plotted with the area under the curves computed as well as the coactivation pairs defined as the common area under the curves normalized to the sum of the corresponding pair individual areas under the curves. Coactivations were compared at CMJ, DJ and SJ as well as among CMJ, DJ and SJ, Fig. 1. ResultsStrongest coactivations with decreasing intensity were detected between VM-RF and LG-MG muscles at CMJ and SJ, whereas at DJ the strongest coacti

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Linearity assessment between lower limb joint angles and angular accelerations at standard maximum vertical jumps with long-short and no countermovement

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Gait & Posture 2023年 106卷 S174-S175页

IntroductionStandard maximum vertical jump (MVJ) has been applied to assess lower limb long countermovement (CM) on countermovement jump (CMJ) and short CM on drop jump (DJ) for comparison to squat jump (SJ) without CM [1,2]. Research questionNevertheless, the ability for lower limb joint accelerations depending on lower limb joint angles at long, short and no CM remains an open issue [3,4], in particular linearity assessment of these relations at long, short and no CM in association with MVJ whole-body impulsion. MethodsFor this reason, we applied piecewise linear detection of segmented subphases on lower limb joint angles ( θ)-angular acceleration ( α) diagrams for the hip (H), knee (K) and ankle (A) during impulse phases on CMJ, DJ and SJ. Selected sample corresponds to best MVJ trials based on higher flight-time of 3 CMJ, DJ and SJ repetitions for six healthy untrained subjects with ages (21.5±1.4) years, (76.7±9.3)kg mass and (1.79±0.06)m height. Adhesive reflective markers were applied at lower limb and torso, with sagittal hip, knee, and ankle θ, α obtained by inverse kinematics. H,K,A ( θ, α) diagrams were plotted and impulsion subphases segmented at selected instants of ∂ a/∂ q phase reversal with linear fit by the least-squares method, Fig. 1. Fig. 1. Hip, knee, ankle joint ( θ, α) diagrams at CMJ, DJ, SJ with segmented subphases time span(Δt), |∂α/∂θ| slope magnitudes and R² linear fit regression. ResultsSJ presented larger number of ( θ, α) subphases than DJ, both larger than CMJ with higher |∂ α/∂ θ| variation at DJ and SJ than CMJ, pointing to higher complexity of neuromuscular control and contributing to explain reduced SJ, DJ performance without CM (0.33±0.05)m and with short CM (0.27±0.03)m in relation to CMJ with long CM (0.36±0.04)m for untrained selected subjects, Fig. 1. Thus, despite the larger total time span Δt at CMJ (0.76±0.10)s in relation to SJ (0.36±0.08)s and DJ (0.23±0.05)s, CMJ presented lower number of subphases with longer time span

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Whole-body phase plane analysis for standard maximum vertical jump assessment

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Gait & Posture 2021年 90卷 203-204页

作者： Rodrigues, C. Correia, M. Abrantes, J. Rodrigues, B. Nadal, J. INESC TEC - Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering- Technology and Science C-BER - Centre for Biomedical Engineering Research Porto Portugal University of Porto Faculty of Engineering Porto Portugal Lusófona University CICANT Centre for Research in Applied Communication Culture and New Technologies - MovLab Laboratory of Technologies for Interactions and Interfaces Lisbon Portugal Federal University of Pernambuco Department of Electronic and Systems Recife Brazil Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Biomedical Engineering Program Rio de Janeiro Brazil

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Lower limb joint angular phase plane coordination analysis on standard maximum vertical jump

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Gait & Posture 2021年 90卷 205-206页

作者： Rodrigues, C. Correia, M. Abrantes, J. Rodrigues, B. Nadal, J. INESC TEC - Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering- Technology and Science C-BER - Centre for Biomedical Engineering Research Porto Portugal University of Porto Faculty of Engineering Porto Portugal Lusófona University CICANT Centre for Research in Applied Communication Culture and New Technologies- MovLab Laboratory of Technologies for Interactions and Interfaces Lisbon Portugal Federal University of Pernambuco Department of Electronic and Systems Recife Brazil Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Biomedical Engineering Program Rio de Janeiro Brazil

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Innovative Solutions in Breath Alcohol Measurement for Improving Road Safety

Innovative Solutions in Breath Alcohol Measurement for Impro...

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Cybernetics and Innovations (ICCI), International Conference on

作者： Patiyuth Pramkeaw Pimyada Suksomboon Warit Leangruttananon Thittaporn Ganokratanaa Davids Makararpong Narumol Chumuang Worawut Yimyam Chayawee Angsusingha Adil Farooq Mahasak Ketcham Media Technology Program King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Bangkok Thailand Faculty of Science King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Bangkok Thailand Thailand Business school The University of the Thai Chamber of Commerce Bangkok Thailand Digital Media Technology Muban Chombueng Rajabhat University Ratchaburi Thailand Business Information Management Phetchaburi Rajabhat University Phetchaburi Thailand The national broadcasting and Telecommunications Commission Bangkok Thailand Department of Electronic Engineering Maynooth University Ireland Management of Information Systems King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok Bangkok Thailand

ISBN: (数字)9798331533267

ISBN: (纸本)9798331533274

This research presents the development and evaluation of a breath alcohol measurement device utilizing the MQ-3 alcohol sensor and an Arduino Nano-based control system. The primary objective was to design an accurate and reliable system for detecting breath alcohol concentration, with real-time feedback provided through an OLED display and an active buzzer for alerts. The device operates by measuring the alcohol concentration in the breath and converting the sensor data into parts per million (ppm). When the alcohol concentration exceeds the predefined threshold of 5% ABV, the system activates an audible alarm via the buzzer and displays the corresponding ppm value on the OLED screen. A series of tests were conducted with eight volunteers who consumed varying amounts of alcohol. The results demonstrated the system's high accuracy and responsiveness, with the ability to detect alcohol concentrations ranging from safe levels to dangerous thresholds. The device was tested multiple times to ensure consistency and minimize errors, with the final results confirming its effectiveness in providing reliable alcohol measurements. This system holds significant potential for applications in monitoring alcohol levels in drivers and individuals involved in safety-critical activities. The research underscores the importance of real-time alcohol detection systems in enhancing public safety and ensuring compliance with safety regulations.

关键词： Accuracy Measurement uncertainty Organic light emitting diodes Control systems Real-time systems Public security Nanoscale devices Monitoring Vehicles Testing

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Corrigendum to "Synergetic effect of bismuth vanadate over copolymerized carbon nitride composites for highly efficient photocatalytic H2 and O2 generation" [J. Colloid Interface Sci. 627 (2022) 621-629]

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Journal of colloid and interface science 2022年第PT A期628卷 366-367页

作者： Asif Hayat Muhammad Sohail T A Taha Sunil Kumar Baburao Mane Abdullah G Al-Sehemi Ahmed A Al-Ghamdi W I Nawawi Arkom Palamanit Mohammed A Amin Ahmed M Fallatah Zeeshan Ajmal Hamid Ali Wasim Ullah Khan Muhammad Wajid Shah Javid Khan S Wageh State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of Chemistry Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350116 China. Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou) University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Huzhou 313001 China. Physics Department College of Science Jouf University P.O. Box: 2014 Sakaka Saudi Arabia Physics and Engineering Mathematics Department Faculty of Electronic Engineering Menoufia University Menouf 32952 Egypt. Department of Chemistry Khaja Bandanawaz University Kalaburagi Karnataka 585104 India. Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS) King Khalid University P.O. Box 9004 Abha 61413 Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry College of Science King Khalid University P.O. Box 9004 Abha 61413 Saudi Arabia. Department of Physics Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia. Faculty of Applied Sciences Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Perlis Arau Perlis 02600 Malaysia. Energy Technology Program Department of Specialized Engineering Faculty of Engineering Prince of Songkla University 15 Karnjanavanich Rd. Hat Yai Songkhla 90110 Thailand. Department of Chemistry College of Science Taif University P.O. Box 11099 Taif 21944 Saudi Arabia. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xian 710072 China. Multiscale Computational Materials Facility Key Laboratory of Eco-Materials Advanced Technology College of Materials Science and Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350100 China. State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies School of Materials Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China. Electronic address: wasimullah89@***. School Of Chemistry Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China. Electronic address: m.wajidshah@***. College of Materials Science and Engineering Hunan University Changsha Hunan 410082 China. Electronic address: javidchemist@yahoo.com.

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