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Enhancing waste sorting and recycling efficiency: robust deep learning-based approach for classification and detection

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年第6期37卷 4567-4583页

作者： Sayem, Faizul Rakib Islam, Md. Sakib Bin Naznine, Mansura Nashbat, Mohammad Hasan-Zia, Mazhar Kunju, Ali K Ansaruddin Khandakar, Amith Ashraf, Azad Majid, Molla Ehsanul Kashem, Saad Bin Abul Chowdhury, Muhammad E. H. Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Dhaka Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Biomedical Engineering Military Institute of Science and Technology Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Computer Science & Engineering Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology Rajshahi6204 Bangladesh Chemical Engineering Department University of Doha for Science and Technology Doha Qatar Department of Electrical Engineering Qatar University Doha2713 Qatar Computer Applications Department Academic Bridge Program Qatar Foundation Doha Qatar Department of Computing Science AFG College With the University of Aberdeen Doha Qatar

Given the severity of waste pollution as a major environmental concern, intelligent and sustainable waste management is becoming increasingly crucial in both developed and developing countries. The material composition and volume of urban solid waste are key considerations in processing, managing, and utilizing city waste. Deep learning technologies have emerged as viable solutions to address waste management issues by reducing labor costs and automating complex tasks. However, the limited number of trash image categories and the inadequacy of existing datasets have constrained the proper evaluation of machine learning model performance across a large number of waste classes. In this paper, we present robust waste image classification and object detection studies using deep learning models, utilizing 28 distinct recyclable categories of waste images comprising a total of 10,406 images. For the waste classification task, we proposed a novel dual-stream network that outperformed several state-of-the-art models, achieving an overall classification accuracy of 83.11%. Additionally, we introduced the GELAN-E (generalized efficient layer aggregation network) model for waste object detection tasks, obtaining a mean average precision (mAP50) of 63%, surpassing other state-of-the-art detection models. These advancements demonstrate significant progress in the field of intelligent waste management, paving the way for more efficient and effective solutions. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Deep learning for waste management Intelligent waste management Object detection in waste management Sustainable waste processing Urban solid waste Waste image classification

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Deep-Learning Approach for An Analysis of Real-estate Prices and Transactions

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 89248-89265页

作者： Yang, Cheng-Hong Lee, Borcy Lin, Yu-Da Tainan University of Technology Department of Information Management Tainan Taiwan National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Department of Electronic Engineering Kaohsiung Taiwan Kaohsiung Medical University Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering Kaohsiung Taiwan Kaohsiung Medical University School of Dentistry Kaohsiung Taiwan Kaohsiung Medical University Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center Kaohsiung Taiwan National Penghu University of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Penghu Taiwan

Research on the study of houses, condominiums and buildings in Taiwan’s metropolitan areas continues to be an important area of research. In real estate forecasting and analysis, methods such as statistical analysis and questionnaire data collection are widely used. However, when multidimensional data is considered, these methods are time-consuming and inadequate. This study aimed to build a real estate forecasting model that can adapt to a changing environment. Data were collected from public government databases, the collected data were standardized for accurate clustering, an appropriate data clustering algorithm was applied to the standardized data, and cross-statistical analysis was performed to verify the adopted algorithm. We used a deep learning based on autoencoder algorithm to increase the accuracy of the clustering analysis. A double-bottom map particle swarm optimization (DBM-PSO) clustering algorithm was then used to determine the optimal clustering solution. Cluster analysis and deep learning were conducted on data collected from public websites to understand the factors that led to the sustained increase in housing prices in Taiwan over the past decade. The results of this study indicate that three key factors—the number of real estate transactions, the average unit price of real estate transactions, and the building material and construction index—significantly affected real estate prices in Taiwan. Our results could help researchers and governments to focus on specific aspects of real estate development without being influenced by other related factors. In addition, the relationships between real estate trends and the aforementioned three key factors were determined to obtain valuable information that can enable the Taiwanese government to regulate the property market and prevent excessive growth. The framework proposed in this paper allows researchers and governments to focus on specific aspects of real estate development without being influenced b

关键词： Houses

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A Time-Domain Thin-Sheet Volume Integral Equation for Non-Dispersive Bi-Isotropic Media

A Time-Domain Thin-Sheet Volume Integral Equation for Non-Di...

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European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP

作者： S. Celis Sierra R. Zhao M. Khamitova H. Bagci Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) Program Computer Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering (CEMSE) Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia School of Electronic Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) Chengdu China

ISBN: (数字)9788831299107

ISBN: (纸本)9798350366327

Bi-isotropic and bi-anisotropic materials are expected to revolutionize wireless communications through the extended use of metasurfaces. This paper proposes a time-domain integral equation solver to simulate non-dispersive biisotropic materials under the thin-sheet approximation. Thin-sheet approximation is used to convert the time-domain volume integral equation for non-dispersive bi-isotropic media into a surface integral equation. This surface equation is discretized in space using Rao-Wilton-Glisson (RWG) basis functions for the tangential components of the electric and magnetic fluxes and pulse basis functions for their normal components (relative to the surface of the thin sheet). In time, shifted Lagrange polynomials are used for discretization. Applying Galerkin testing in space and point matching in time yields a matrix system. This matrix system is solved for the unknown basis expansion coefficients at each time step via time-marching. Numerical results demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed method. Future work includes extending this solver to dispersive bi-anisotropic media and use it in the simulation of metasurface represented by generalized sheet transition conditions (GSTCs).

关键词： Wireless communication Accuracy Integral equations Media Metasurfaces Polynomials Time-domain analysis Dispersion Method of moments Testing

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Constructing Semantical Structure by Segmentation Integrated Video Embedding for Temporal Action Detection

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IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video technology 2025年

作者： Zhao, Zixuan Liu, Shuming Zhao, Chengze Zhao, Xu Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai200240 China King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Computer Science Program Thuwal23599 Saudi Arabia

Video embedding is the pivot in Temporal Action Detection (TAD). Once the video embedding can robustly capture the essence of actions and perceive activities in complex scenes, the TAD model can more accurately localize action boundaries. Currently, video embedding is typically based on rule-based pixel convolution or cube-based transformer, wherein structured semantic information is intertwined, leading to the submergence of crucial spatial semantic information, such as the intrinsic motion of key semantic objects and interactions among semantic objects. To address these limitations, it is imperative to explore alternative approaches. With the remarkable performance of general semantic segmentation models in visual representation, we introduce the general segmentation model SEEM into the video embedding paradigm, constructing a semantically structured representation from perceptual semantics to cognitive semantics. To more effectively utilize SEEM for structured video representation, we designed the Semantic Adapter (Sem-Adapter) as a bridge to connect the two models. Firstly, we design a Self-Motion Module (SMM) to pay attention to the self-motion of key semantic regions. Secondly, we propose a Mutual Relation Module (MRM) to construct the interactions between semantic regions. Extensive experiments on ActivityNet-1.3, THUMOS-14 and EPIC-Kitchens-100 reveal that our method significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods under the same input modality, and our method improves the average mAP from 60.6% to 64.2% on THUMOS-14 with the same backbone. The code is available on https://***/shouxiaozixuan/semtad. © 1991-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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High-performance UV polarization sensitive photodetector for a graphene(2D)/GaN(3D) junction with a non-centrosymmetric electric field

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Photonics Research 2025年第6期13卷 1544-1553页

作者： Can Zou Qing Liu Lu Zhang Xiao Tang Xiaohang Li Shuti Li Fangliang Gao Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Devices School of Electronic Science and Engineering (School of Microelectronics) South China Normal University Guangzhou 510631 China Advanced Semiconductor Laboratory Electrical and Computer Engineering Program CEMSE Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal 239556900 Saudi Arabia e-mail: lishuti@*** e-mail: gaofl@m.***

This study pioneers a high-performance UV polarization-sensitive photodetector by ingeniously integrating non-centrosymmetric metal nanostructures into a graphene ( Gr ) / Al 2 O 3 / GaN heterojunction. Unlike conventional approaches constrained by graphene’s intrinsic isotropy or complex nanoscale patterning, our design introduces asymmetric metal architectures (E-/T-type) to artificially create directional anisotropy. These structures generate plasmon-enhanced localized electric fields that selectively amplify photogenerated carrier momentum under polarized UV light (325 nm), synergized with Fowler-Nordheim tunneling (FNT) across an atomically thin Al 2 O 3 barrier. The result is a breakthrough in performance: a record anisotropy ratio of 115.5 (E-type, − 2 V ) and exceptional responsivity (97.7 A/W), surpassing existing graphene-based detectors by over an order of magnitude. Crucially, by systematically modulating metal geometry and density, we demonstrate a universal platform adaptable to diverse 2D/3D systems. This study provides a valuable reference for developing and practically applying photodetectors with higher anisotropy than ultraviolet polarization sensitivity.

关键词： Chemical vapor deposition Metals Nanostructures Quantum efficiency Surface plasmon resonance X-ray diffraction

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Enhancing Diagnostic Accuracy for Knee Osteoarthritis Using a Deep Learning Approach

Enhancing Diagnostic Accuracy for Knee Osteoarthritis Using ...

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International Symposium on Applied Science 2024, ISAS 2024

作者： Raza, Aquib Ching, Congo Tak Shing Liu, Peng-Ta Phan, Thien-Luan Tran, Ngoc-Luan Nguyen, Ha Anh T. Rameez, Mohammad Li, Hung-Chung Linh, Dao Nguyen Phuong Van Hieu, Nguyen Tran, Trung Nghia National Taiwan University Taipei City10673 Taiwan Research Center for Information Technology Academia Sinica Taipei City11529 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Chung Hsing University Taichung402 Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National Chi Nan University Nantou County Taiwan Advanced Plant and Food Crop Biotechnology Center National Chung Hsing University Taichung402 Taiwan International Doctoral Program in Agriculture National Chung Hsing University Taichung402 Taiwan Fall Prevention Center Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Changhua Christian Hospital Changhua500 Taiwan Department of Physics and Electronic Engineering University of Science Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City Ho Chi Minh City70000 Viet Nam Department of Computer Science University of York York HeslingtonYO10 5DD United Kingdom Undergraduate Program of Intellectual Creativity Engineering National Chung Hsing University Taichung402 Taiwan Ho Chi Minh City72409 Viet Nam HCMUT Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City Thu Duc Ho Chi Minh City71308 Viet Nam

This research introduces a deep learning framework that combines convolutional neural networks with autoencoders to improve the diagnostic accuracy of knee osteoarthritis. The study utilized a publicly available dataset from the Mendeley Data repository, where knee joint images were preprocessed using Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization to enhance contrast and ensure consistent image sizing. Initially, an autoencoder was employed in an unsupervised manner to learn compressed representations of the data. These representations were then used to train a CNN to classify knee images into 'healthy' and 'osteoarthritic' categories. The model was trained using an 80:20 split for training and testing data, incorporating early stopping and data augmentation techniques to prevent overfitting and enhance generalization. Performance metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and the area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (ROCAUC) were used to evaluate the model, resulting in a high test accuracy of 98.95%. The high precision and recall rates further confirmed the model's robustness in diagnosing KOA. To enhance interpretability, Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping (Grad-CAM) was applied to identify critical regions in the images that influenced the model's decisions. Additionally, t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE) was used to visualize the high-dimensional encoded features in a two-dimensional space, providing deeper insights into how the model differentiates between classes. The promising results of this deep learning approach suggest its potential for broader applications in medical imaging diagnostics. By providing healthcare professionals with a tool that enhances diagnostic accuracy and operational efficiency, this framework lays the foundation for developing scalable, AI-driven diagnostic systems for various complex medical conditions. © 2025 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Joints (anatomy)

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Nonsaturated large magnetoresistance and transport dynamics in a n-doped cryogenic WSe2 field-effect device

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Physical Review B 2025年第12期111卷 125307-125307页

作者： Wei-Chen Lin Ching-Chen Yeh Jia-Zhu Zou Nhat Anh Nguyen Phan Inayat Uddin Hai Yen Le Thi Kenji Watanabe Takashi Taniguchi Gil-Ho Kim Department of Engineering and System Science National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 300 Taiwan Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei 115 Taiwan Department of Physics National Taiwan University Taipei 106 Taiwan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU) Suwon 164 Republic of Korea Sungkyunkwan Advanced Institute of Nano Technology (SAINT) Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU) Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea Research Center for Electronic and Optical Materials National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba 305-0044 Japan Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba 305-0044 Japan

Interest in the two-dimensional (2D) semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) continues to intensify, driven by their suitable band gaps to supplant silicon as next-generation semiconductor materials. Among various TMDs, tungsten diselenide (WSe2) is renowned for its superior electrical properties in carrier density and mobility under ambient conditions. Despite its notable attributes, the behavior of monolayer WSe2 in the electron-doped regime under cryogenic conditions remains largely uncharted, particularly concerning its magnetotransport properties. In this study, we reveal the transport mechanisms of monolayer WSe2 from high temperatures down to the cryogenic regime. As evident by Efros–Shklovskii variable-range hopping (E-S VRH) in the cryogenic regime, strong Coulomb interactions arise between electrons. Above 8 K, an uncommon nonsaturated quadratic large magnetoresistance (MR) can be explained by the wave-function shrinkage model, which is consistent with the E-S VRH transport mechanism. Notably, the nonsaturated quadratic large MR shows a magnitude up to 1740% at 13 T. These findings underscore the potential applications for monolayer WSe2 in cryogenic field-effect devices, magnetic sensors, and memory devices and mark a significant advance in magnetotransport research.

关键词： Monolayers

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Fast Smith-Waterman hardware implementation

Fast Smith-Waterman hardware implementation

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2010 IEEE International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing, Workshops and Phd Forum, IPDPSW 2010

作者： Nawaz, Zubair Bertels, Koen Sümbül, H. Ekin Computer Engineering Lab. Delft University of Technology Netherlands Electronic Engineering Program SabancI University Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9781424465347

The Smith-Waterman (SW) algorithm is one of the widely used algorithms for sequence alignment in computational biology. With the growing size of the sequence database, there is always a need for even faster implementation of SW. In this paper, we have implemented two Recursive Variable Expansion (RVE) based techniques, which are proved to give better speedup than any best dataflow approach at the cost of extra area. Compared to dataflow approach, our HW implementation is 2.29 times faster at the expense of 2.82 times more area. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Computational biology Hardware acceleration RVE Sequence alignment

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High-Throughput Independent Component Analysis Processor for Full Duplex Systems

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IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 2023年第9期41卷 2821-2832页

作者： Cheng, Jen-Hao Chang, Tien-Min Shen, Chung-An Fouda, Mohammed E. Eltawil, Ahmed M. National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Taipei10607 Taiwan University of California at Irvine Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department IrvineCA92697 United States King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Electrical and Computer Engineering Program Thuwal23955 Saudi Arabia

This paper presents the algorithm and very-large-scale integration (VLSI) architecture of a high-throughput and highly efficient independent component analysis (ICA) processor for self-interference cancellation (SIC) in in-band full-duplex (IBFD) systems. This is the first VLSI architecture reported in the literature based on the state-of-the-art entropy bound minimization (EBM) approach. A novel ICA algorithm is presented in this paper with momentum gradient descent optimization. Simulation results show that the number of iterations for the proposed algorithm is significantly reduced compared to the conventional ICA algorithms. Furthermore, a novel early-distribution estimation scheme is proposed in the designed ICA processor to compute multiple distribution functions with low latency and low complexity. The processing flow and the efficiency for the hardware utilization are specifically designed so that the processing speed is maximized with minimum employment of hardware components. The proposed ICA processor is designed and implemented based on the application-specific-integrated circuit (ASIC) flow. The post-layout estimations show that compared with the conventional EBM-based scheme, the proposed design improves the throughput and efficiency by 30x. In addition, compared to prior designs shown in the literature, the proposed ICA processor also demonstrates a significant enhancement in terms of throughput and efficiency. © 1983-2012 IEEE.

关键词： VLSI circuits

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Winter Cabin Water Tap Monitor and Release System to Reduce Risk of Freezing 10

Winter Cabin Water Tap Monitor and Release System to Reduce ...

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10th IEEE Annual Ubiquitous Computing, electronics and Mobile Communication Conference, UEMCON 2019

作者： Kaprielian, Paul L. Pham, Thach Young, Alex Dow, Douglas E. Grenquist, Scott A. Decker, Bruce M. Program in Electronic Eng. Technology Wentworth Institute of Technology Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering BostonMA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781728138855

Frozen water pipes lead to leaks that result in property damage and repair costs. Frozen water pipes not only occur in northern climates, but also in more moderate climates that have occasional periods of temperatures below the freezing point. Water pipes at high risk for ice formation include ones outside of buildings, in poorly insulated structures or in seasonal buildings that are not heated during the winter months. Methods of protection include heating the building, insulation and heat tape on exposed water pipes, turning off the water supply and draining all pipes of water, or turning on a water valve to allow a continual flow of water through the pipes during the entire period having risk of low temperatures. The flow would hinder ice formation in the pipes. These protective measures have associated costs for equipment, heating fuel, and water loss. If the low temperature drops further or is sustained for longer periods than expected, there would still be a risk of frozen pipes. The purpose of this project was to develop and test a prototype system to monitor temperature, and initiate intermittent bursts of water flow only when temperatures are low enough to have risk of ice formation in the water pipes. The prototype utilized a temperature sensor, Arduino microcontroller, power supply, relay switch, and solenoid valve. The solenoid valve was incorporated into the water facet of a sink. When the sensor detected temperatures below the threshold of 25°C, intermittent bursts of flow were initiated, with 20 seconds of water flow followed by 2 minutes of no flow. Each flow event was recorded in a web service. A HTTP Get request was transmitted to a Google App Script program that stored the date and time in a Google Sheet. The owner or manager could remotely monitor the intermittent flow events. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Temperature

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