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Microscopy Histopathology and Analytics, Microscopy 2024 - Part of Optica Biophotonics Congress: Biomedical Optics

作者： Nakabayashi, Mikie Ono, Yumie Electrical Engineering Program Graduate School of Science and Technology Meiji University Kanagawa Japan Department of Electronics and Bioinformatics School of Science and Technology Meiji University Kanagawa Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171340

关键词： Detectors Laser sources Lasers Near infrared Photon counting Spectroscopy

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Correntropy-Based Data Selective Adaptive Filtering

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IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers 2024年第2期71卷 754-766页

作者： Chien, Ying-Ren Wu, Sheng-Teng Tsao, Hen-Wai Diniz, Paulo S.R. Adaptive and Autonomous Communication Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering National Ilan University Yilan City260007 Taiwan College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Graduate Institute of Communication Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Program of Electrical Engineering Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering COPPE/Poli Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro68504 Brazil

Data selection can be used in conjunction with adaptive filtering algorithms to avoid unnecessary weight updating and thereby reduce computational overhead. This paper presents a novel correntropy-based data selection method as an alternative to conventional data selection mechanisms based on squared error values. We developed a variable correntropy sensing algorithm to maximize the instantaneous correntropy function for the Gaussian kernel function to mitigate the impact of impulse noise and other forms of noise that can be disregarded in data selection. The proposed data selection mechanism can be implemented with any adaptive filtering algorithm. In simulations, the proposed method (implemented with the least mean squared algorithm) outperformed comparable error-based data selection schemes in terms of hit rate and miss rate, and the resulting weight updating ratio was close to the expected weight updating ratio. © 2023 IEEE. Personal use is permitted, but republication/redistribution requires IEEE permission.

关键词： Adaptive filters

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Energy Material for Extreme Environment: Unveiling Novel Self-Resilience of Hf1-xZrxO2 for Electrostatic Energy Storage (EES) and Pyroelectric Energy Harvesting (PEH)

Energy Material for Extreme Environment: Unveiling Novel Sel...

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2024 IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting, IEDM 2024

作者： Liu, C.-H. Hsiang, K.-Y. Chang, F.-S. Chang, Y.-T. Liu, C.W. Lee, M.H. Program for Semiconductor Devices Materials and Hetero-integration Graduate School of Advanced Technology National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Institute of Electronics National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350365429

The antiferroelectric (AFE) HfO2-based capacitor has been proposed as dual-functional for electrostatic energy storage and pyroelectric energy harvesting (PEH) for the first time. The partial-AFE (P-AFE) has a superior power and energy density capability of 1.46x1010 W/kg and 0.96 Wh/kg, respectively, as compared with state-of-the-art capacitors and cell batteries. Furthermore, the harvestable energy density (HED) of P-AFE was experimentally measured at an outstanding 10.37 J/cm3 within ΔT=223K (RT to 77K). The HfO2-based energy material is examined in low-temperature and X-ray irradiation and validates the degradation dominated by E-field cycling. The AFE capacitors inherently reflect the self-resilience effect and the physical mechanism of the fatigue and recovery are unveiled by VOs redistribution. There is great potential for utilizing benefits in energy storage and harvesting through the novel recovery strategy toward an unlimited lifetime of energy devices for extreme environments. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Capacitor storage

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Unleashing Endurance Limits of Emerging Memory: Multi-Level FeRAM Recovery Array Empowered by a Coordinated Inverting Amplifier Circuit

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IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices 2024年第4期71卷 2708-2713页

作者： Hsiang, K.-Y. Chang, F.-S. Lou, Z.-F. Aich, A. Senapati, A. Lee, J.-Y. Li, Z.-X. Chen, J.-H. Liu, C.-H. Liu, C.W. Maikap, S. Su, P. Hou, T.-H. Lee, M.H. National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Institute of Electronics Hsinchu300 Taiwan National Taiwan University Program for Semiconductor Devices Materials and Hetero-Integration Taipei10617 Taiwan National Taiwan University Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering Taipei10617 Taiwan Chang Gung University Department of Electronic Engineering Guishan33302 Taiwan National Taiwan Normal University Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering Taipei11677 Taiwan

Asymmetric field cycling recovery (AFCR) with alternating opposite low E -field cycling is proposed to restore a fatigued ferroelectric (FE) capacitor and is experimentally demonstrated for up to 1012 switching cycles, thereby extending the endurance of FeRAM. Positive and negative asymmetric minor loops (AmLs) with AFCR exhibit nondegradation and complete restoration of Δ 2P r toward unlimited endurance operation. Furthermore, an FE random access memory (FeRAM) array circuit with an inverting amplifier is designed to simultaneously execute Write/Read and Recovery procedures via the AFCR scheme. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Ferroelectricity

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AxRSU- : Higher-Order m-Bit Approximate Encoders for Radix- Squarer Units

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Circuits, Systems, and Signal Processing 2024年第6期43卷 1-30页

作者： da Rosa, Morgana M. A. Paim, Guilherme da Costa, Eduardo A. C. Soares, Rafael Bampi, Sergio Graduate Program on Computing Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel) Pelotas Brazil Graduate Program in Microelectronics Federal University of RGS Porto Alegre Brazil Graduate Program in Electronics and Computer Engineering Catholic University of Pelotas Pelotas Brazil

Approximate computing has emerged as a design alternative to enhance design efficiency by capitalizing on the inherent error resilience observed in numerous applications. Various error-resilient and compute-intensive applications, such as signal, image and video processing, computer vision, and supervised machine learning, necessitate dedicated hardware accelerators for mean squared error estimation during runtime. In these application domains, using efficient arithmetic operators, particularly a squarer unit, represents one of the most effective strategies for low-power design. This work introduces an approximate Radix- $$2^{m}$$ squarer unit, denoted as AxRSU- $$2^{m}$$ . The proposed squarer unit employs m-bit approximate encoders to execute operations on m-bit data concurrently. The AxRSU- $$2^{m}$$ under consideration explores encoders with m equal to 2 (AxRSU-4), 3 (AxRSU-8), and 4 (AxRSU-16). These approximate encoders exhibit low complexity and diminish the necessary partial products operating on m bits simultaneously, thereby substantially enhancing energy efficiency and reducing circuit area in the AxRSU- $$2^{m}$$ . To illustrate the trade-off between error and quality in the AxRSU- $$2^{m}$$ , we apply it to an SSD (sum squared difference) hardware accelerator designed for video processing, with a square-accumulate serving as a case study. Our findings reveal a novel Pareto front, presenting eight optimal AxRSU- $$2^{m}$$ solutions that achieve accuracy levels ranging from 3.76 to 75.53%. These solutions yield energy savings ranging from 46.20 to 95.57% and circuit area reductions ranging from 37.68 to 66.73%.

关键词：

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Classification of Human Tactile Perception Using Vibration Data 23

Classification of Human Tactile Perception Using Vibration D...

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23rd International Conference on Cyberworlds, CW 2024

作者： Lee, Hyung-Tak Bak, Keungyonh Chun, Sungwoo Hwang, Han-Jeong Korea University Dept. Electronics and Information Engineering Sejong Korea Republic of Korea University Interdisciplinary Graduate Program for Artificial Intelligence Smart Convergence Technology Sejong Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9798331527174

To enhance the sense of reality in the VR environment, it is essential to incorporate not only visual and hearing but also tactile feedback. Previous studies related to tactile sensation have only focused on object classification to identify the object in contact with the tactile sensor. When people encounter a new object, they can use tactile perception information, such as roughness, to understand the object's attributes and functions. Therefore, for tactile research to be applicable in real-life scenarios, tactile perception classification is essential not only for classifying an object but also for recognizing its attributes and functions. This study aims to investigate the possibility of predicting roughness, one of the important human tactile perceptions, using deep learning models. We created 63 tactile samples, measured the vibration data of each sample using an acceleration sensor, and investigated how humans perceive the roughness of the tactile samples with five different levels. Object classification was performed using five deep learning models, among which the Shallow ConvNet achieved the highest performance, confirming its suitability as the most appropriate model for analyzing vibration data. Using the Shallow ConvNet, we attained a high accuracy of 98.6 ±5.6% for the identification of five levels of roughness, demonstrating that different levels of tactile perception information can be discriminated with high performance. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Deep learning Human tactile perception Roughness Vibration data Virtual reality

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Development of EEG-Based Optimal Biomarkers for Decoding Fatigue during Motor Imagery Tasks 13

Development of EEG-Based Optimal Biomarkers for Decoding Fat...

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13th International Winter Conference on Brain-Computer Interface, BCI 2025

作者： Lee, Jun-Seok Lee, Seung-Won Kim, Sang-Rok Hwang, Han-Jeong Dept. Electronics and Information Engineering Korea University Sejong30019 Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Graduate Program for Artificial Intelligence Smart Convergence Technology Korea University Sejong30019 Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9798331521929

This study aimed to identify electroencephalography (EEG)-based neurophysiological biomarkers for monitoring mental fatigue during motor imagery (MI) tasks. We used EEG data recorded from 29 healthy adults during MI tasks. For the preprocessing of the EEG data, we sequentially performed down-sampling into 200 Hz, independent component analysis (ICA), band-pass filtering between 0.5 and 50 Hz, and common average reference (CAR). The preprocessed EEG data were analyzed using a fast Fourier transform (FFT) to calculate spectral power in the δ (0.5–3 Hz), θ (4–7 Hz), α (8–13 Hz), and β (13–30 Hz) frequency bands. Subsequently, seventeen fatigue-related metrics were calculated using individual spectral powers and their combinations. These fatigue-related metrics were averaged for the frontal lobe (F3 and F4), central lobe (FCC3h and FCC4h), parietal lobe (P3 and P4), and occipital lobe (POO1 and POO2). The statistical significance of the average fatigue metrics was evaluated through Pearson correlation analysis with the sequence of trials. As a result, we observed strong positive correlations (r > 0.9, p © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Fast Fourier transforms

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Effect of Yttrium Treatment on Germanium-Oxide-Based Interfacial Layer of Ge P-Channel Metal–Oxide–Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor Fabricated Through In Situ Plasma-Enhanced Atomic Layer Deposition

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IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices 2024年第3期71卷 1-6页

作者： Li, Hui-Hsuan Lin, Kuan-Yu Tsai, Yi-He Lin, Yu-Hsien Chien, Chao-Hsin Institute of Electronics National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Graduate Program for Nanotechnology Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Electronic Engineering National United University Miaoli Taiwan

This study investigated the effect of yttrium (Y) treatment on a germanium (Ge)-oxide-based interfacial layer (IL) through in situ plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD). Time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectrometry revealed that the surface reaction and deposition could be successfully performed with a Y precursor, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) revealed that Y treatment on an IL can suppress GeO

$_{\text{x}}$

volatilization. A metal–oxide–semiconductor capacitor gate-stack with a Y-GeO

$_{\text{x}}$

IL has a low leakage current density (2.1

$\times$

$^{-\text{5}}$

A/cm

$^{\text{2}}$

) and a low interface trap density (approximately 5.5

$\times$

$^{\text{11}}$

$^{-\text{1}}$

$^{-\text{2}}$

) under optimized temperatures. Moreover, the Ge P-channel metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor (P-MOSFET) containing a gate-stack with a Y-treated Ge-oxide-based IL exhibited a high I

$_{\biosc{on}}$

$_{\biosc{off}}$

ratio and low OFF-state current. Therefore, applying the proposed Y treatment on the IL of a Ge P-MOSFET can help achieve a subnanometer equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) and an

关键词： Ge-oxide-based germanium germanium oxide (GeOx) in situ interfacial layer (IL) plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) Y-GeOx yttrium

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VR-Based Implicit Authentication Using Electromyogram and Inertial Measurement Unit 23

VR-Based Implicit Authentication Using Electromyogram and In...

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23rd International Conference on Cyberworlds, CW 2024

作者： Yu, Da-Young Lee, Hyung-Tak Kim, Youngsam Roh, Jong-Hyuk Kim, Soohyung Ku, Jeonghun Hwang, Han-Jeong Korea University Interdisciplinary Graduate Program for Artificial Intelligence Smart Convergence Technology Dept. Electronics and Information Engineering Sejong Korea Republic of Korea University Dept. Electronics and Information Engineering Sejong Korea Republic of Daejeon Korea Republic of Keimyung University College of Medicine Department of Biomedical Engineering Daegu Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9798331527174

Biometrics based on electromyogram (EMG) and inertial measurement unit (IMU) signals has received significant attention due to its resistance to forgery and tampering, as well as its relatively higher convenience and security compared to other biometric modalities. However, most EMG and IMU signal-based authentication methods require explicit authentication using unnatural gestures, which is not userfriendly. To address this, we collected EMG and IMU data during virtual reality (VR) rhythm game play, which does not require explicit gestures, and performed implicit authentication. Using a linear discriminant analysis (LDA) classifier, we achieved classification accuracies of 91.71% for human identification and 87.91% for human authentication. The result demonstrated the feasibility of a seamless and implicit authentication in VR environments. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Electromyography

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Project Edubot: Exploring Pedagogical Approaches in High School Robotics Education

Project Edubot: Exploring Pedagogical Approaches in High Sch...

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2024 Brazilian Symposium on Robotics (SBR), and 2024 Workshop on Robotics in Education (WRE)

作者： Isabela Nunes Daltro João Victor Silva Santos Guilherme Barbosa De Sousa Rodrigo Martins M. A. Pastrana Roberto De Souza Baptista Mechatronics Engineering Undergraduate Program Department of Mechanical Engineering Mechatronics Graduate Program Faculty of Gama Electronics Engineering Undergraduate Program University of Brasilia Brasilia DF Brazil

ISBN: (数字)9798350391084

ISBN: (纸本)9798350391091

This study focus on passive and active learning within the context of robotics education on public high schools. By synthesizing research findings and practical insights, this paper offers valuable recommendations for educators aiming to optimize the delivery of robotics education in public high schools, addressing the significance of the utilization of appropriate resources and technologies to support effective instruction. We implemented two distinct teaching methodologies to compare and study students' reactions and learning outcomes: Group A experienced a passive methodology, while Group B engaged with an active methodology. We conducted a survey and the results show that the majority of the students prefer the active approach used in classes.

关键词： Surveys Conferences Education Active learning Collaboration Problem-solving Robots Creativity

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