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Advanced Electromagnetics 2025年第1期14卷 39-51页

作者： Mbida, Joseph Mari Mebara Eyebe, Guy Ayissi Singh, Ghanshyam Mbinack, Clément Yende, Mohamed Njianga Department of Physics Faculty of Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Electrical and Computing Engineering Department Université du Québec à Trois-Rivieres Canada Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Feroze Gandhi Institute of Engineering and Technology Raebareli India

This paper presents a simple and efficient approach for an antenna design and construction based on an I-shaped slot-loaded triple wideband microstrip monopole antenna with novel radio frequency (RF) power/energy harvesting capability. The proposed antenna takes advantage of circular ring shape properties, loaded with an I-shaped slot with degraded ground structure (DGS) to improve the input performances of the conventional planar circular microstrip patch antenna (C-patch). Input impedance and magnetic field radiation pattern are calculated using the electromagnetic theory of transmission line in traveling waves and resonant cavity TE11 field mode, respectively. The proposed antenna is configured on thin lossy substrate material RO4003C of volume 64.800×57.000×1.524 (in mm3), relative dielectric permittivity Εr = 3.55, and numerically investigated using CST MWS. The prototype of the proposed antenna has been fabricated and tested. The experimental results show that the fabricated antenna exhibits an impressive 142% (2.98-11.11 GHz), 21.3% (11.54-14.42 GHz), and 19.6% (15.78-19.44 GHz) fractional bandwidth (FBW) for the resonant frequency of 5.73, 13.55, and 18.69 GHz respectively and peak gain of 4.2 dBi at the frequency of 5.8 GHz. Experimentally, the proposed antenna can be used in multiple applications like 2.4 GHz (2.401-2.495 GHz) Wi-Fi band/5 GHz (5.170-5.875 GHz) WLAN band/(3.1-10.6 GHz) US UWB at the view of the achieved lower band, FR3 6G operation regarding the obtained middle/intermediate band, and the future wireless and millimeter-wave communication systems according to the obtained upper band. © 2025, Advanced Electromagnetics. All rights reserved.

关键词： Directional patterns (antenna)

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Object Localization Using Deep Neural Network with Pytorch 5

Object Localization Using Deep Neural Network with Pytorch

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5th International Conference on electronics and Sustainable Communication Systems, ICESC 2024

作者： Subbulakshmi, N. Begum, S. Ariffa Chandru, R. Kumar, G. Purna Sasi School of Computing Kalsalingam Academy of Research and Education Virudhunagar India Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College Electronics and Communication Engineering India School of Computing Kalsalingam Academy of Research and Education India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350379945

This study delves into object localization within computer vision, addressing its critical role in applications such as robotics and medical image analysis. It explores various methodologies, including bounding box regression, which utilizes region-based and anchor-based approaches. The report evaluates deep learning models for object localization, such as Faster R-CNN, YOLO, and SSD, detailing their strengths and limitations. Applications across autonomous vehicles, surveillance systems, medical imaging, and augmented reality are examined, highlighting tasks like object tracking, scene understanding, and semantic segmentation. Challenges such as occlusion, scale variation, and computational complexity are also discussed. Furthermore, the study surveys current research trends and upcoming advancements in object localization, such as multi-object tracking, instance segmentation, and 3D object localization, highlighting their potential impact on future developments in the field. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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Enhancing pneumonia detection with masked neural networks: a deep learning approach

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Neural computing and Applications 2024年第29期36卷 18433-18444页

作者： Gowri, L. Pradeepa, S. Panchada, Vamsi Amirtharajan, Rengarajan School of Computing SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur613 401 India School of Electrical & amp Electronics Engineering SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur613 401 India

Pneumonia, a prevalent respiratory disease, affects millions globally. Accurate diagnosis and early detection are essential for managing and treating pneumonia. In recent years, machine learning and visual analysis technologies have shown promise for detecting pneumonia from therapeutic imageries such as chest X-rays. The dataset is collected from a Kaggle and contains X-ray scans of lungs from people of all ages. This dataset includes 5,856 labelled images, of which 4,273 are positive for pneumonia and 1,583 are negative. The data set is preprocessed using data augmentation techniques such as rotation, shifting, shearing, flipping and fill mode. The preprocessed data is trained using a masked neural network (MNN). The essential features are extracted from the last layer of MNN, and then the K-nearest neighbor (KNN) classify the chest X-rays to detect Pneumonia. This study developed a mask generation technique, dropout regularisation, and classifiers to train a model with 98.07% accuracy and minimal losses. This approach could lead to faster and more accurate pneumonia diagnoses, ultimately improving patient outcomes. Our research shows that transfer learning of KNN with MNN can effectively analyse chest X-rays to detect pneumonia. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Feature extraction

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Measurements of Frequency Splitting Phenomenon in Resonant Wireless Power Transfer System of Inductively Fed Antennas 32

Measurements of Frequency Splitting Phenomenon in Resonant W...

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32nd International Conference on Software, Telecommunications and Computer Networks, SoftCOM 2024

作者： Blazevic, Zoran Skiljo, Maja Bartulovic, Mario Znaor, Ante Kranjac, Luka Ljubica, Ana University of Split Faculty of Electrical Engineering. Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture Dept. Electronics and Computing Split Croatia

ISBN: (纸本)9789532901382

In this paper, we observe the frequency splitting phenomenon in four-coil resonant wireless power transfer systems. First, a simple approach for easy setup of the inductively fed antennas in the mode of the resonant transformer is proposed. Then, the system is simulated in 4 nec 2 software, manufactured, and finally set and measured by a vector network analyzer. An experiment with wireless light is shown for the illustration. © 2024 University of Split, FESB.

关键词： Inductive power transmission

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Asynchronous Event Driven Brain Teaser Using *** 5

Asynchronous Event Driven Brain Teaser Using ***

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5th International Conference on electronics and Sustainable Communication Systems, ICESC 2024

作者： Subbulakshmi, N. Begum, S. Ariffa Vignesh, R. Venkata Chandru, R. School of Computing Kalsalingam Academy of Research and Education Virudhunagar India Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College Electronics and Communication Engineering India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350379945

*** has emerged as a powerful platform for building scalable and efficient backend applications. This research study provides a comprehensive overview of *** development, encompassing its core concepts, asynchronous programming paradigms, and essential tools. This study analyzes the fundamentals of ***, including event-driven architecture, asynchronous operations, and package management using npm. Database integration is explored through popular ORMs like Mongoose and Sequelize for MongoDB and MySQL, respectively and also highlights the significance of authentication and authorization using *** and JWT. To ensure application quality, effective testing and debugging strategies using frameworks such as Mocha, Chai, and Jest are also reviewed. By combining these elements, developers can create robust and high-performance *** applications. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Program debugging

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Enhancing Security: A Hybrid Encryption Algorithm for Effective Key Generation 2

Enhancing Security: A Hybrid Encryption Algorithm for Effect...

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2nd International Conference on Recent Trends in Microelectronics, Automation, computing, and Communications Systems, ICMACC 2024

作者： Jacob, Jeevan John Kiran, P.S. Shenoy, Jaigovind B Basavaraju, Sagar Amrita School of Computing Department of Computer Science and Engineering Bengaluru India Amrita School of Engineering Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Bengaluru India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350366570

The abstract Data security is of most importance, in the present day- the introduction of high-level wireless communication channels has led to generation and transfer of massive amounts of data. Data security must keep up with it. Data breach may cause disastrous outcomes. Previously, hardware security modules (HSM) were used to perform cryptographic actions- storing keys and for authentication. This is no longer feasible as HSMs are physical devices and become inconvenient to carry around all the time. The unavailability of HSM poses a serious security threat (for cryptographic keys). This paper aims at a novel software solution that compensates for hardware. As the algorithm focuses on securing keys used for encryption. It may be referred to as key security scheme (KSS). The paper proposes a way to generate keys instead of storing it and assumes performing of cryptographic actions on the available hardware in the system. The proposed method can secure data, both in transit and while at rest. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Encryption algorithms

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Temperature-Dependent Noise Performance of Single-Photon Avalanche Diodes and Active Quenching Circuits in 180-nm HV CMOS 47

Temperature-Dependent Noise Performance of Single-Photon Ava...

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47th ICT and electronics Convention, MIPRO 2024

作者： Požar, B. Berdalović, I. Bartulović, P. Jugović, M. Suligoj, T. University Of Zagreb Micro And Nano Electronics Laboratory Faculty Of Electrical Engineering And Computing Zagreb10000 Croatia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350382495

The paper describes the temperature characterization of single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) and active quenching circuits (AQCs) designed and fabricated in a commercial 180-nm high-voltage (HV) bipolar-CMOSDMOS (BCD) technology. The SPAD structures utilize a deep, low-doped p-n junction as the avalanche multiplication layer, exploiting the high-voltage implant layers available in the technology. Different SPAD layouts (circular and square) are characterized in terms of current-voltage (I-V) curves, breakdown voltage, dark count rates (DCR), and afterpulsing for the temperature range from 250 to 350 K. We find that the square-shaped SPAD connected to an off-chip passive quenching circuit (PQC) exhibits a significantly higher afterpulsing probability at high excess voltages compared to the circular structure, particularly at low temperatures. The SPADs were connected to an active quenching circuit (AQC) integrated in the same technology, with the aim to suppress afterpulsing and reduce the dead time. Using the AQC, the afterpulsing probability for the square structure was reduced by more than 60% at 280 K, and the maximum count rate of the detector was increased by reducing the dead time to ≈ 800 ns. The circular SPAD device cooled down to 250 K in combination with the AQC exhibits a state-of-the-art DCR of 1.4 mHz/μ m2 at an excess voltage of 5 V. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Particle beams

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Intelligent Energy Management Strategies for Renewable Energy Sources 1

Intelligent Energy Management Strategies for Renewable Energ...

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1st International Conference on AIML-Applications for engineering and Technology, ICAET 2025

作者： Patil, Sangita Deotale, Disha Mali, Ramesh MIT School of Computing MIT ADT University Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering Pune412201 India MIT School of Computing MIT ADT University Department of Computer Science & Engineering Pune412201 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350355611

There have been several developments in renewable resources, standby sources of energy, and storage technologies. Because renewable sources are inconsistent, the best method to ensure supply continuity is to combine them with traditional energy to serve mini-grids or the isolated loads that are not linked to the main grid. In hybrid power system, many different energy sources are blended. Every time, effective and efficient Energy Management Strategies (EMS) are necessary when more than a source of energy is employed to supply a given load. This strategy directs the energy flow via the supply chain. This is necessary not just for standalone hybrid systems, but for hybrid power system that are linked to the main network. The intelligent control of hybrid MG has been the subject of a large number of serious research projects. A comprehensive assessment of the approaches used by a number of writers in their research work on applying energy management approaches is conducted. Standalone hybrid energy systems and the hybrid systems those are linked to the electrical grids are examples of these solutions. The aim of this paper is to give summary of various energy management schemes utilized in sustainable hybrid systems. Brief study is conducted for a number of freestanding and grid-linked hybrid system designs in order to make sure and find that which energy management technique that works well and will be applied for one renewable source is not always the best for another. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Hybrid power

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Impact of Buffer Al-Content on 2DEG Mobility and Scattering Mechanisms in Double-Heterostructure GaN HEMTs 47

Impact of Buffer Al-Content on 2DEG Mobility and Scattering ...

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47th ICT and electronics Convention, MIPRO 2024

作者： Novaković, D. Berdalovicv, I. Suligoj, T. University Of Zagreb Micro And Nano Electronics Laboratory Faculty Of Electrical Engineering And Computing Zagreb10000 Croatia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350382495

This paper investigates the dependence of two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) mobility in GaN-based double-heterostructure high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) on aluminum content in the AIGaN buffer layer. Our model uses the momentum relaxation time approximation for numerical calculations of low-field electron mobility, with all relevant scattering mechanisms taken into account. The simulations carried out confirm that carrier mobility is predominantly influenced by polar optical phonon (POP) and interface roughness (IFR) scattering. For that reason, further analysis focused on these two scattering mechanisms, revealing opposite trends in their impact on carrier mobility with varying buffer Al-content. Additionally, the paper discusses the impact of the changes in quantum confinement due to varying buffer Al-content, and establishes a direct connection between quantum confinement and POP/IFR scattering rates, offering comprehensive insights into their interdependences. The findings underline the importance of optimizing buffer aluminum content in AIGaN/GaN/AIGaN heterostructures to achieve higher carrier mobility by finding the optimal trade-off between scattering mechanisms. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： High electron mobility transistors

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Unveiling the invisible struggles: Exploring student perspectives on mental health in universities

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IEEE Potentials 2024年第3期43卷 31-35页

作者： Murali, Ritwik Avudaiappan, Veeramanohar Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Department of Computer Science and Engineering Amrita School of Computing Coimbatore Coimbatore641112 India Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Amrita School of Engineering Coimbatore Coimbatore641112 India

In the current academic environment, the increasing prevalence of stress among students has become a critical concern, significantly affecting both mental health and academic outcomes. Factors such as heavy academic workloads, interpersonal conflicts, financial challenges, and societal pressures contribute to cognitive impairments, procrastination, and declining academic performance. Unaddressed, this stress can escalate into severe mental health conditions, including anxiety, depression, and self-harming tendencies, with marginalized or overwhelmed students being particularly vulnerable. Familial expectations, financial instability, imposter syndrome, fear of missing out, cyberbullying, and unsupportive institutional cultures further intensify these challenges. While mental health support mechanisms exist within institutions, they often remain reactive, addressing issues only after they manifest. To address this growing crisis, a shift toward proactive measures is essential, encompassing counseling, meditation, peer support systems, and engagement in extracurricular activities to foster emotional resilience. A holistic and preventative approach that emphasizes early intervention, open communication, and supportive academic environments is imperative to promote students' well-being and academic success. © 1988-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Students

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