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38th International Conference on VLSI Design, VLSID 2025

作者： Kumar, Sandeep Panda, Abhisek Nerlikar, Advait Sarangi, Smruti R. School of Information Technology IIT Delhi Delhi India Computer Science and Engineering IIT Delhi Delhi India Electrical and Electronics Engineering BITS Pilani Goa India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331522445

Security of applications and data in a cloud setting has become a first-class design criterion. Hardware vendors have proposed trusted execution environments or TEEs where the hardware guarantees an application's data and code security both at rest and in-use, even from privileged entities such as operating systems and hypervisors. Software Guard eXtension, or SGX, is a popular, trusted execution environment or TEE solution from Intel. To ensure security guarantees, SGX provides secure sand-box environments called enclaves, which have encrypted physical memory. In the latest version of SGX, we start an enclave with a the specified amount of 'static' memory specified by a developer. Subsequently, we add additional memory pages 'dynamically' to an enclave depending on an application's memory usage. In this paper, we analyze the impact of the allocation and freeing of static and dynamic pages on an application's performance. We observe that inappropriately setting the static memory size may lead to a performance slowdown of up to 20x. We present Harmony - a profile-guided optimizer that measures the impact of dynamic memory management on an application's performance, and suggests a near-optimal distribution for static and dynamic memory pages. We show that Harmony improves the execution latency of an application by up to 68% and 29% when compared with the purely dynamic and purely static allocation schemes, respectively. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Memory management

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Dephasing in Fluxonium Qubits from Coherent Quantum Phase Slips

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PRX Quantum 2024年第3期5卷 030341页

作者： Mallika T. Randeria Thomas M. Hazard Agustin Di Paolo Kate Azar Max Hays Leon Ding Junyoung An Michael Gingras Bethany M. Niedzielski Hannah Stickler Jeffrey A. Grover Jonilyn L. Yoder Mollie E. Schwartz William D. Oliver Kyle Serniak Research Laboratory of Electronics Department of Physics Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science

Phase slips occur across all Josephson junctions (JJs) at a rate that increases with the impedance of the junction. In superconducting qubits composed of JJ-array superinductors—such as fluxonium—phase slips in the array can lead to decoherence. In particular, phase-slip processes at the individual array junctions can coherently interfere, each with an Aharonov-Casher phase that depends on the offset charges of the array islands. These coherent quantum phase slips (CQPS) perturbatively modify the qubit frequency, and therefore charge noise on the array islands will lead to dephasing. By varying the impedance of the array junctions, we design a set of fluxonium qubits in which the expected phase-slip rate within the JJ array changes by several orders of magnitude. We characterize the coherence times of these qubits and demonstrate that the scaling of CQPS-induced dephasing rates agrees with our theoretical model. Furthermore, we perform noise spectroscopy of two qubits in regimes dominated by either CQPS or flux noise. We find that the noise power spectrum associated with CQPS dephasing appears to be featureless at low frequencies and not 1/f. Numerical simulations indicate that this behavior is consistent with charge noise generated by charge-parity fluctuations within the array. Our findings broadly inform JJ-array-design trade-offs, relevant for the numerous superconducting-qubit designs employing JJ-array superinductors.

关键词： Noise Phase slips Superconductivity Josephson junctions Qubits Superconducting qubits Microwave techniques

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Design of a Novel 1x4 Two-Dimensional Demultiplexer Based on Multicore Photonic Crystal Fiber

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International Journal of electronics and Telecommunications 2023年第3期69卷 469-473页

作者： Harrat, Assia Ahlem Debbal, Mohammed Eddine Ouadah, Mohammed Chamse Department of Electronics and Telecommunications Faculty of Science and Technology University of Belhadj Bouchaib Algeria Department of Telecommunications Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Mouloud Mammeri Algeria

This work suggests a brand-new 1*4 two-dimensional demultiplexer design based on multicore photonic crystal fiber. Numerical models show that the optical signals can be separated in a photonic crystal fiber construction using optical signals with wavelengths of 0.85, 1.1, 1.19, and 1.35 µm injected on the center core and separated into four cores. The innovative design switches different air-hole positions using pure silica layers throughout the length of the fiber to regulate the direction of light transmission between layers. Wavelength demultiplexers are essential parts of optical systemic communications. They serve as a data distributor and can use a single input to produce multiple outputs. The background material is frequently natural silica, and air holes can be found anywhere throughout the length of the fiber as the low-index components. The simulation results showed that after a 6 mm light propagation, the four-channel demux can start to demultiplex. © 2023 Polish Academy of sciences. All rights reserved.

关键词： Light transmission

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Enhancing fault detection and predictive maintenance of rotating machinery with Fiber Bragg Grating sensor and machine learning techniques

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International Journal of Information Technology (Singapore) 2025年第2期17卷 1225-1234页

作者： Nayak, Narayan Mohapatra, Ambarish G. Khanna, Ashish Talukdar, Jaideep Satapathy, Satyapriya Nayak, Dipak Ranjan Ghuge, Nilam N. Electronics Engineering Silicon University Odisha Bhubaneswar India Basic Sciences & amp Humanities Silicon University Odisha Bhubaneswar India Computer Science and Engineering Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Technology Delhi India Electrical Engineering University of Technology Rajasthan Jaipur India Electrical and Electronics Engineering Silicon University Odisha Bhubaneswar India Electronics and Communication Engineering University of Technology Rajasthan Jaipur India

The reliability and operational efficiency of rotating machinery have become increasingly vital across various industries. Using Fibre Bragg Grating (FBG) vibration sensors, this study investigates the use of Machine Learning (ML) techniques for fault detection and predictive maintenance. The primary goal is to enhance early fault detection and optimize maintenance schedules, thereby reducing both downtime and operational costs in any industrial settings. The research utilizes sophisticated ML models to analyze vibration data acquired from FBG sensors, which are recognized for their exceptional sensitivity and precision in detecting vibrational anomalies that frequently occur prior to mechanical failures. Following the pre-processing phase, which aims to minimize noise and improve signal quality, essential features are extracted to identify critical parameters that reflect the machine’s health. A range of ML models, such as Random Forest (RF) and Radial Basis Function Neural Networks (RBFNN), are trained and validated using this set of features. The results demonstrate that these machine learning models are effective in accurately detecting faults and predicting maintenance (PM) needs based on real-time sensor data. © Bharati Vidyapeeth's Institute of computer Applications and Management 2024.

关键词： Fault detection Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors Machine learning (ML) Predictive maintenance (PM) Rotating machinery

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A Hybrid Cybersecurity Algorithm for Digital Image Transmission over Advanced Communication Channel Models

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 201-241页

作者： Naglaa F.Soliman Fatma E.Fadl-Allah Walid El-Shafai Mahmoud I.Aly Maali Alabdulhafith Fathi E.Abd El-Samie Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Electronics and Communications Faculty of EngineeringZagazig UniversityZagazig44519Egypt Security Engineering Lab Computer Science DepartmentPrince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityMenouf32952Egypt

The efficient transmission of images,which plays a large role inwireless communication systems,poses a significant challenge in the growth of multimedia ***-quality images require well-tuned communication *** Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access(SC-FDMA)is adopted for broadband wireless communications,because of its low sensitivity to carrier frequency offsets and low Peak-to-Average Power Ratio(PAPR).Data transmission through open-channel networks requires much concentration on security,reliability,and *** data need a space away fromunauthorized access,modification,or *** requirements are to be fulfilled by digital image watermarking and *** paper ismainly concerned with secure image communication over the wireless SC-FDMA systemas an adopted communication *** introduces a robust image communication framework over SC-FDMA that comprises digital image watermarking and encryption to improve image security,while maintaining a high-quality reconstruction of images at the receiver *** proposed framework allows image watermarking based on the Discrete Cosine Transform(DCT)merged with the Singular Value Decomposition(SVD)in the so-called DCT-SVD *** addition,image encryption is implemented based on chaos and DNA *** encrypted watermarked images are then transmitted through the wireless SC-FDMA *** linearMinimumMean Square Error(MMSE)equalizer is investigated in this paper to mitigate the effect of channel fading and noise on the transmitted *** subcarrier mapping schemes,namely localized and interleaved schemes,are compared in this *** study depends on different channelmodels,namely PedestrianAandVehicularA,with a modulation technique namedQuadratureAmplitude Modulation(QAM).Extensive simulation experiments are conducted and introduced in this paper for efficient transmission of encrypted watermarked *** addition,different variants of SC-FDMA bas

关键词： Cybersecurity applications image transmission channel models modulation techniques watermarking and encryption

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Impact of Time Resolution and Window Length on the Capture of Frequency Variations and Events

Impact of Time Resolution and Window Length on the Capture o...

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2024 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Europe Conference, ISGT EUROPE 2024

作者： Polajžer, Boštjan Mohammadi, Younes Saremi, Amin University of Maribor Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Maribor Slovenia Umeå University Department of Applied Physics and Electronics Umeå Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9789531842976

Power-quality standards provide limited guidance on frequency quality for short time scales, such as less than one hour. Capturing frequency variations and events requires high time resolutions, e.g., 0.1 seconds or less, resulting in significant data storage requirements. However, power-quality monitors typically report averaged values at intervals of 10 minutes, 15 minutes, or one hour, depending on the disturbance type. To address these challenges, we propose calculating statistic indices from high-resolution data within a 15-minute or one-hour window length, thus avoiding storing high-resolution data. We apply the basic statistic indices to frequency data measured in Finland for a single day in June 2023, demonstrating their effectiveness in capturing frequency variations and two significant events during that day. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Time measurement

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Resonant Beam Communications:A New Design Paradigm and Challenges

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Journal of Communications and Information Networks 2024年第1期9卷 80-87页

作者： Yuanming Tian Dongxu Li Chuan Huang Qingwen Liu Shengli Zhou Future Network of Intelligence Institute and School of Science and Engineering the Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhen 518172China School of Science and Engineering and the Future Network of Intelligence Institute the Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhen 518172China College of Electronics and Information Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06250USA

Resonant beam communications (RBCom), which adopts oscillating photons between two separate retroreflectors for information transmission, exhibits potential advantages over other types of wireless optical communications (WOC). However, echo interference generated by the modulated beam reflected from the receiver affects the transmission of the desired information. To tackle this challenge, a synchronization-based point-to-point RBCom system is proposed to eliminate the echo interference, and the design for the transmitter and receiver is discussed. Subsequently,the performance of the proposed RBCom is evaluated and compared with that of visible light communications(VLC)and free space optical communications (FOC). Finally, future research directions are outlined and several implementation challenges of RBCom systems are highlighted.

关键词： resonant beam communications(RBCom) wireless optical communications(WOC) echo interference elimination mobility multiple access

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Secure speaker identification in open and closed environments modeled with symmetric comb filters

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第18期84卷 19147-19189页

作者： Shafik, Amira Monir, Mohamad El-Shafai, Walid Khalaf, Ashraf A. M. Nassar, M.M. El-Fishawy, Adel S. El-Din, M. A. Zein Dessouky, Moawad I. El-Rabaie, El-Sayed M. Abd El-Samie, Fathi E. Department Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Faculty of Electronic Engineering Menoufia University Menouf32952 Egypt Security Engineering Laboratory Department of Computer Science Prince Sultan University Riyadh11586 Saudi Arabia Electrical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Minia University Minia61519 Egypt Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information Sciences Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh11671 Saudi Arabia

Speech is a fundamental means of human interaction. Speaker Identification (SI) plays a crucial role in various applications, such as authentication systems, forensic investigation, and personal voice assistance. However, achieving robust and secure SI in both open and closed environments remains challenging. To address this issue, researchers have explored new techniques that enable computers to better understand and interact with humans. Smart systems leverage Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) to mimic the human brain in identifying speakers. However, speech signals often suffer from interference, leading to signal degradation. The performance of a Speaker Identification System (SIS) is influenced by various environmental factors, such as noise and reverberation in open and closed environments, respectively. This research paper is concerned with the investigation of SI using Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCCs) and polynomial coefficients, with an ANN serving as the classifier. To tackle the challenges posed by environmental interference, we propose a novel approach that depends on symmetric comb filters for modeling. In closed environments, we study the effect of reverberation on speech signals, as it occurs due to multiple reflections. To address this issue, we model the reverberation effect with comb filters. We explore different domains, including time, Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), and Discrete Sine Transform (DST) domains for feature extraction to determine the best combination for SI in case of reverberation environments. Simulation results reveal that DWT outperforms other transforms, leading to a recognition rate of 93.75% at a Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) of 15 dB. Additionally, we investigate the concept of cancelable SI to ensure user privacy, while maintaining high recognition rates. Our simulation results show a recognition rate of 97.5% at 0 dB using features extracted from speech signals and their DCTs. Fo

关键词： Speech enhancement

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Achieving Beamfocusing via Two Separated Uniform Linear Arrays 58

Achieving Beamfocusing via Two Separated Uniform Linear Arra...

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58th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and computers, ACSSC 2024

作者： Kosasih, Alva Demir, Özlem Tuǧfe Björnson, Emil Kth Royal Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science Stockholm Sweden Tobb Etu Department of Electrical-Electronics Engineering Ankara Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9798350354058

This paper investigates coordinated beamforming using a modular linear array (MLA), composed of a pair of physically separated uniform linear arrays (ULAs), treated as sub-arrays. We focus on how such setups can give rise to near-field effects in 6G networks without requiring many antennas. Unlike conventional far-field beamforming, near-field beamforming enables simultaneous data service to multiple users at different distances in the same angular direction, offering significant multiplexing gains. We present a detailed analysis, including analytical expressions of the beamwidth and beamdepth for the MLA. Our findings reveal that using the MLA approach, we can remove approximately 36% of the antennas in the ULA while achieving the same level of beamfocusing. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Beamforming

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Enhancing visual clarity in hazy media: a comprehensive approach through preprocessing and feature fusion attention-based dehazing

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第17期84卷 18071-18093页

作者： Ayoub, Abeer El-Shafai, Walid El-Samie, Fathi E. Abd Hamad, Ehab K. I. Rabaie, El-Sayed M. Department of Electronics and Electrical Communication Engineering Faculty of Electronic Engineering Menoufia University Menouf32952 Egypt Security Engineering Lab Computer Science Department Prince Sultan University Riyadh11586 Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information Sciences Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh11671 Saudi Arabia Electrical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Aswan University Aswan81542 Egypt

Particles in the atmosphere, such as dust and smoke, can cause visual clarity problems in both images and videos. Haze is the result of the interaction between airborne particles and light, which is scattered and attenuated. Hazy media present difficulties in a variety of applications due to the reduced contrast and loss of essential information. In response, dehazing techniques have been introduced to bring hazy videos and images back to clarity. Here, we provide a novel technique for eliminating haze. It comprises preprocessing steps before dehazing. Preprocessing is applied to hazy images through homomorphic processing and Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE). We present a dehazing technique referred to as the pre-trained Feature Fusion Attention Network (FFA-Net) that directly lets dehazed images be restored from hazy or preprocessed hazy inputs without requiring the determination of atmospheric factors, such as air light and transmission maps. The FFA-Net architecture incorporates a Feature Attention (FA) method to do this task. We assess the proposed technique in a variety of circumstances, including visible frames, Near-Infrared (NIR) frames, and real-world hazy images. Evaluation criteria like entropy, correlation, and Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) are used to compare the quality of dehazed frames or images to their hazy counterparts. Furthermore, histogram analysis and spectral entropy are adopted to determine the effectiveness of the proposed technique in comparison to existing dehazing techniques. Comparative results are presented for both real-world and simulated environments. The benefits of the proposed technique are demonstrated by a comparison of the results obtained from the standalone pre-trained FFA-Net and the proposed comprehensive methodology. Moreover, a thorough assessment is carried out for comparing the effectiveness of the proposed FFA-Net technique to those of some current dehazing techniques on real hazy images. T

关键词： Image enhancement

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