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Immersive Embedded Consumer Model Leveraging AI with Zero-Trust Architecture for Cyber-Physical System

IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 2025年

作者： Rehman, Amjad Haseeb, Khalid Kolivand, Hoshang Saba, Tanzila Al-Khasawneh, Mahmoud A. Ahmad, Shabir Ullah, Inam Lab Riyadh12435 Saudi Arabia Liverpool John Moores University School of Computer Science and Mathematics United Kingdom School of Computing and Digital Technologies Staffordshire University Liverpool Staffordshire United Kingdom University City Sharjah 1797 United Arab Emirates Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research Al-Ahliyya Amman University Jordan School of Computing Skyline University College Sharjah United Arab Emirates Incheon Startup Park Center of Artificial Intelligence for Medical Instruments Convensia-daero Incheon204 Korea Republic of Gachon University Department of Computer Engineering Seongnam13120 Korea Republic of

The rapid expansion of the wireless network and its combination with the Consumer Internet of Things (CIoT) has introduced significant research challenges for Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS). The distributed nature of these embedded networks provides big data analytics with the integration of sensors, electronic devices, hardware, and network components. They provide diverse functionalities while sensing the observing environment based on the demand of network users with timely feedback, which supports efficient decision-making. However, CIoT devices in CPS increasingly interact with both physical and digital environments, such interaction raises the research challenges of performance optimization, data breaches, and long-run seamless connectivity. In addition, the constraint devices demanded lightweight communication methods to remain robust and enhance network stability. This paper presents an adaptive model that leverages AI-based optimization techniques with efficient data management and utilization of resources in consumer applications. Moreover, the integrated edges provide consistency and resilience of communication services in unpredictable systems, while adopting a Zero-Trust architecture with more trustworthy and secure transmissions. It increases the system's scalability and improves the response time with the limited computing power of devices for real-time processing. Simulation results demonstrated the significant outcomes of the proposed model over the dynamic scenarios for packet delivery ratio by 35.5%, network throughput by 38.7%, energy consumption by 41.6%, and latency by 45% against existing solutions. © 1975-2011 IEEE.

关键词： consumer technologies edge intelligence embedded systems information security technological development

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Vaccine efficacy and SARS-CoV-2 control in California and *** the session 2020e2026:A modeling study

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2022年第1期7卷 62-81页

作者： Md Shahriar Mahmud Md Kamrujjaman Md Mashih Ibn Yasin Adan Md Alamgir Hossain Md Mizanur Rahman Md Shahidul Islam Muhammad Mohebujjaman Md Mamun Molla Department of Computer Science and Engineering State University of BangladeshDhaka1205Bangladesh Department of Mathematics University of DhakaDhaka1000Bangladesh Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada Computational Biology Research Lab(CBRL) Department of PharmacyJagannath UniversityDhaka1100Bangladesh Hitotsubashi Institute for Advanced Study Hitotsubashi UniversityNaka KunitachiTokyo186-8601Japan Department of Mathematics and Physics Texas A&M International UniversityLaredoTX78041USA Department of Mathematics&Physics North South UniversityDhaka1229Bangladesh Center for Applied Scientific Computing(CASC) North South UniversityDhaka1229Bangladesh

Background:Besides maintaining health precautions,vaccination has been the only prevention from SARS-CoV-2,though no clinically proved 100%effective vaccine has been developed till *** this stage,to withhold the debris of this pandemic-experts need to know the impact of the vaccine efficacy rates,the threshold level of vaccine effectiveness and how long this pandemic may extent with vaccines that have different efficacy *** this article,a mathematical model study has been done on the importance of vaccination and vaccine efficiency rate during an ongoing ***:We simulated a five compartment mathematical model to analyze the pandemic scenario in both California,and whole *** considered four vaccines,Pfizer(95%),Moderna(94%),AstraZeneca(79%),and Johnson&Johnson(72%),which are being used rigorously to control the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic,in addition with two special cases:a vaccine with 100%efficacy rate and no vaccine under ***-CoV-2 related data of California,and *** used in this ***:Both the infection and death rates are very high in *** model suggests that the pandemic situation in California will be under control in the last quartile of the year 2023 if vaccination program is continued with the Pfizer *** this time,six waves may happen from the beginning of the immunization where the case fatality and recovery rates will be 1.697%and 98.30%,***,according to the considered model,this period might be extended to the mid of 2024 when vaccines with lower efficacy rates are *** the other hand,the daily cases and deaths in the *** be under control at the end of 2026 with multiple *** the number of susceptible people will fall down to none in the beginning of 2027,there is less chance to stop the vaccination program if vaccinated with a vaccine other than a 100%effective vaccine or Pfizer,and at that case vaccination program must run till the mid of *** to this s

关键词： Vaccine Model California Control measurement SARS-CoV-2

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Preconditioning for a Phase-Field Model with Application to Morphology Evolution in Organic Semiconductors

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Bergermann, Kai Deibel, Carsten Herzog, Roland MacKenzie, Roderick C.I. Pietschmann, Jan-Frederik Stoll, Martin Technische Universität Chemnitz Faculty of Mathematics Chemnitz09107 Germany Technische Universität Chemnitz Department of Physics Chemnitz09126 Germany Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing Heidelberg University Heidelberg69120 Germany Durham University Department of Engineering Durham United Kingdom

The Cahn–Hilliard equations are a versatile model for describing the evolution of complex morphologies. In this paper we present a computational pipeline for the numerical solution of a ternary phase-field model for describing the nanomorphology of donor–acceptor semiconductor blends used in organic photovoltaic devices. The model consists of two coupled fourth-order partial differential equations that are discretized using a finite element approach. In order to solve the resulting large-scale linear systems efficiently, we propose a preconditioning strategy that is based on efficient approximations of the Schur-complement of a saddle point system. We show that this approach performs robustly with respect to variations in the discretization parameters. Finally, we outline that the computed morphologies can be used for the computation of charge generation, recombination, and transport in organic solar cells. © 2022, CC BY-SA.

关键词： Finite element method

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A DECOUPLING TWO-GRID METHOD FOR THE STEADY-STATE POISSON-NERNST-PLANCK EQUATIONS

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Journal of Computational mathematics 2019年第4期37卷 556-578页

作者： Ying Yang Benzhuo Lu Yan Xie School of Mathematics and Computing Science Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Data Analysis and Computation Guilin University of Electronic Technology Guilin 541004 China LSEC Institute of Computational Mathematics and Scientific/Engineering Computing the National Center for Mathematics and Interdisciplinary Sciences Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China LSEC Institute of Computational Mathematics and Scientific/Engineering Computing Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China

Poisson-Nernst-Planck equations are widely used to describe the electrodiffusion of ions in a solvated biomolecular system. Two kinds of two-grid finite element algorithms are proposed to decouple the steady-state Poisson-Nernst-Planck equations by coarse grid finite element approximations. Both theoretical analysis and numerical experiments show the efficiency and effectiveness of the two-grid algorithms for solving Poisson-Nernst-Planck equations.

关键词： Poisson-Nernst-Planck equations Two-grid finite element method Decoupling method Error analysis Gummel iteration

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Structure-Preserving Operator Learning: Modeling the Collision Operator of Kinetic Equations

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Lee, Jae Yong Schotthöfer, Steffen Xiao, Tianbai Krumscheid, Sebastian Frank, Martin Center for Artificial Intelligence and Natural Sciences Korea Institute for Advanced Study Seoul Korea Republic of Oak Ridge National Laboratory Computer Science and Mathematics Division Oak RidgeTN United States State Key Laboratory of High Temperature Gas Dynamics Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Fluids Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Engineering Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Scientific Computing Center Karlsruhe76131 Germany

This work explores the application of deep operator learning principles to a problem in statistical physics. Specifically, we consider the linear kinetic equation, consisting of a differential advection operator and an integral collision operator, which is a powerful yet expensive mathematical model for interacting particle systems with ample applications, e.g., in radiation transport. We investigate the capabilities of the Deep Operator network (DeepONet) approach to modelling the high dimensional collision operator of the linear kinetic equation. This integral operator has crucial analytical structures that a surrogate model, e.g., a DeepONet, needs to preserve to enable meaningful physical simulation. We propose several DeepONet modifications to encapsulate essential structural properties of this integral operator in a DeepONet model. To be precise, we adapt the architecture of the trunk-net so the DeepONet has the same collision invariants as the theoretical kinetic collision operator, thus preserving conserved quantities, e.g., mass, of the modeled many-particle system. Further, we propose an entropy-inspired data-sampling method tailored to train the modified DeepONet surrogates without requiring an excessive expensive simulation-based data generation. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Kinetic energy

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A Stochastic Galerkin Lattice Boltzmann Method for Incompressible Fluid Flows with Uncertainties

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Zhong, Mingliang Xiao, Tianbai Krause, Mathias J. Frank, Martin Simonis, Stephan Scientific Computing Center Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen76344 Germany State Key Laboratory of High Temperature Gas Dynamics Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Fluids Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China School of Engineering Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Institute for Applied and Numerical Mathematics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe76131 Germany Institute of Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe76131 Germany Lattice Boltzmann Research Group Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe76131 Germany

Efficient modeling and simulation of uncertainties in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) remains a crucial challenge. In this paper, we present the first stochastic Galerkin (SG) lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) built upon the generalized polynomial chaos (gPC). The proposed method offers an efficient and accurate approach that depicts the propagation of uncertainties in stochastic incompressible flows. Formal analysis shows that the SG LBM preserves the correct Chapman-Enskog asymptotics and recovers the corresponding macroscopic fluid equations. Numerical experiments, including the Taylor-Green vortex flow, lid-driven cavity flow, and isentropic vortex convection, are presented to validate the solution algorithm. The results demonstrate that the SG LBM achieves the expected spectral convergence and the computational cost is significantly reduced compared to the sampling-based non-intrusive approaches, e.g., the routinely used Monte Carlo method. We obtain a speedup factor of 5.72 compared to Monte Carlo sampling in a randomized two-dimensional Taylor-Green vortex flow test case. By leveraging the accuracy and flexibility of LBM and the efficiency of gPC-based SG, the proposed SG LBM provides a powerful framework for uncertainty quantification in CFD practice. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Computational fluid dynamics

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A semi-adaptive finite difference method for simulating two-sided fractional convection–diffusion quenching problems

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Journal of Computational and Applied mathematics 2026年 472卷

作者： Rumin Dong Lin Zhu Qin Sheng Bingxin Zhao School of Mathematics and Statistics Ningxia Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Mechanics and Scientific Computing Ningxia Basic Science Research Center of Mathematics Ningxia University Yinchuan 750021 China Department of Mathematics and Center for Astrophysics Space Physics and Engineering Research Baylor University Waco TX 76798-7328 USA

This paper investigates quenching solutions of an one-dimensional, two-sided Riemann–Liouville fractional order convection–diffusion problem. Fractional order spatial derivatives are discretized using weighted averaging approximations in conjunction with standard and shifted Grünwald formulas. The advective term is handled utilizing a straightforward Euler formula, resulting in a semi-discretized system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. The conservativeness of the proposed scheme is rigorously proved and validated through simulation experiments. The study is further advanced to a fully discretized, semi-adaptive finite difference method. Detailed analysis is implemented for the monotonicity, positivity and stability of the scheme. Investigations are carried out to assess the potential impacts of the fractional order on quenching location, quenching time, and critical length. The computational results are thoroughly discussed and analyzed, providing a more comprehensive understanding of the quenching phenomena modeled through two-sided fractional order convection–diffusion problems.

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Automated incisional hernia characterization by non-rigid registration of CT images-A pilot study

Automated incisional hernia characterization by non-rigid re...

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作者： Voß, Samuel Lösel, Philipp D. Heuveline, Vincent Saalfeld, Sylvia Berg, Philipp Kallinowski, Friedrich Forschungscampus STIMULATE Department of Fluid Dynamics and Technical Flows University of Magdeburg Universitaetsplatz 2 Magdeburg39106 Germany Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies Heidelberg Germany Engineering Mathematics and Computing Lab Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing Heidelberg Germany Forschungscampus STIMULATE University of Magdeburg Magdeburg Germany General Visceral and Transplantation Surgery University Hospital Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany General and Visceral Surgery GRN Hospital Eberbach Eberbach Germany

Incisional hernia repair makes use of prosthetic meshes to re-establish a biomechanically stable abdominal wall. Mesh sizing and fixation have been found to be essential for the clinical outcome. Comparative CT images a) under rest versus b) under Valsalva maneuver (exhalation against closed airways) provide useful information for hernia characterization. However, this process incorporates several manual measurements, which led to observer variability. The present study suggests using an image registration approach of the CT data to reliably and reproducibly extract hernia quantities. The routine is implemented in the software framework MATlab and works fully automatic. After CT data import, slice by slice undergo non-rigid B-spline grid registration. Local displacement and strain are extracted from the transformation field. The qualitative results correspond to the clinical observation. Maximum displacement of 3.5 cm and maximum strain of 25 % are calculated for one patient's data set. Current approaches do not provide this type of information. Further research will focus on validation and possibilities to include this new kind of knowledge into the design process of prosthetic meshes. © 2020 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston 2020.

关键词： Prosthetics

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Combined influences of Soret effect and horizontal magnetic field on dynamics of vertical convection in binary fluids

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Physical Review Fluids 2025年第5期10卷 053503-053503页

作者： Chao-Nan Zhang Lai-yun Zheng Xu-Long Li Juan-Juan Qin Bing-Xin Zhao Don Liu School of Mathematics and Statistics Ningxia University Yinchuan 750021 China School of Mechanical Engineering Ningxia University Yinchuan 750021 China Ningxia Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Mechanics and Scientific Computing Yinchuan 750021 China Ningxia Basic Science Research Center of Mathematics Yinchuan 750021 China Department of Mathematics and Mechanical Engineering Louisiana Tech University Ruston Louisiana 71270 USA

The influence of the Soret effect and a uniform magnetic field on the dynamic behavior of vertical convection are investigated using a high-accuracy numerical method. The effects of the Soret number (Sr, which quantifies the direction and magnitude of species migration relative to the temperature gradient; positive Sr denotes migration toward hotter regions, negative toward cooler regions) on flow, heat and mass transfer, and flow transition in the presence of a magnetic field are analyzed. The results reveal that, for a given magnetic field strength, positive and negative Soret effects have significantly different influences on heat and mass transfer as well as on flow structure. For a high Rayleigh number (Ra, vigor of the buoyancy) and a small magnetic field, the heat transfer initially decreases and then increases with increasing Soret number, while the mass transfer consistently decreases. In cases where temperature is dominant, heat transfer for Sr=−1 exceeds that for Sr=0 by 24%, while mass transfer with Sr=−1 exceeds that for Sr=0 by 85%. When concentration is dominant, heat transfer reaches a minimum at Sr=0, whereas mass transfer peaks at Sr=−1, corresponding to an approximate 71% increase over heat transfer at Sr=0, and around a 210% increase in mass transfer. Additionally, the flow exhibits greater complexity when the Soret number is negative than when it is positive. When the magnetic field is weak, the temperature-dominated flow changes from chaotic to periodic with increasing Soret number and eventually returns to a chaotic state. When the magnetic field is strong, the flow transitions from chaotic to periodic and finally to a steady state. The transition route involves two types of periodic flow: a simple periodic flow with an integer multiple of the fundamental frequency, and a complex periodic flow with multiple lower-frequency subharmonic waves. Furthermore, as the strength of the magnetic field increases, the flow in the rectangular enclosure is

关键词： Diffusion in solids

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Novel design and analysis of generalized FE methods based on locally optimal spectral approximations

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Ma, Chupeng Scheichl, Robert Dodwell, Tim J. Institute for Applied Mathematics Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing Heidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 205 Heidelberg69120 Germany College of Engineering Mathematics and Physical Sciences University of Exeter ExeterEX4 4PY United Kingdom The Alan Turing Institute LondonNW1 2DB United Kingdom

In this paper, the generalized finite element method (GFEM) for solving second order elliptic equations with rough coefficients is studied. New optimal local approximation spaces for GFEMs based on local eigenvalue problems involving a partition of unity are presented. These new spaces have advantages over those proposed in [I. Babuska and R. Lipton, Multiscale Model. Simul., 9 (2011), pp. 373–406]. First, in addition to a nearly exponential decay rate of the local approximation errors with respect to the dimensions of the local spaces, the rate of convergence with respect to the size of the oversampling region is also established. Second, the theoretical results hold for problems with mixed boundary conditions defined on general Lipschitz domains. Finally, an efficient and easy-to-implement technique for generating the discrete A-harmonic spaces is proposed which relies on solving an eigenvalue problem associated with the Dirichlet-to-Neumann operator, leading to a substantial reduction in computational cost. Numerical experiments are presented to support the theoretical analysis and to confirm the effectiveness of the new method. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions

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