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Industry benchmark research of Beijing carbon trade pilot: A case study in thermal industry

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Zhongguo Huanjing Kexue/China environmental Science 2023年第1期43卷 456-464页

作者： Chen, Cao-Cao Qiu, Da-Qing Liu, Geng-Yuan Zhang, Yue Tian, Tian-Qi Yu, Feng-Ju Song, Dan Sun, Fen Fan, Yi-Ran Hu, Yong-Feng Wang, Li-Bo Wang, Xin-Shuang Hu, Jing Beijing Climate Change Management Centre Beijing100086 China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing100875 China

This paper took carbon emissions industry benchmark of heating industry in Beijing pilot carbon market as an example. Based on the verified enterprises data of the heating industry from 2013 to 2019, this study analysed 4kinds of benchmark scenarios. Following the Beijing atmospheric pollution control, the clean transformation of the coal-fired heating industry was basically completed. Taking 2017 as the turning point, the heating intensity was transitioned from a rapid decline to a stable state, and it was appropriate to choose a more recent historical year as the base year for analysis. The benchmark value of the heating industry in Beijing should be set as 63.1kgCO2/GJ after assessing the advancement of comprehensive evaluation benchmark value and comparing the proportion of the industry degree of surplus quota and quota insufficient enterprise. This benchmark value in this research was stricter than the published energy consumption limit standard for local heating industries in Beijing, and it was in good agreement with the published advanced carbon emission value of the Beijing heating industry. After the transformation of the heating industry in Beijing from the historical intensity method to the benchmark method, the fairness of this method was further improved compared with the historical intensity method, by drawing a uniform baseline and making the overall quota of the industry inadequate. This study has a positive role in promoting the reconstruction of thermal system under the urban carbon neutrality target. © 2023 Chinese Society for environmental Sciences. All rights reserved.

关键词： Carbon

Mechanism of phenanthrene degradation by the halophilic Pelagerythrobacter sp. N7

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Chemosphere 2024年 350卷 141175页

作者： Li, Xiangjin Cao, Xinghong Zhang, Zuotao Li, Yichun Zhang, Yue Wang, Chongyang Fan, Weihua Miami College Henan University Henan Kaifeng475000 China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

PAHs has shown worldwide accumulation and causes a significant environmental problem especially in saline and hypersaline environments. Moderately halophilic bacteria could be useful for the bioremediation of PAH pollution in hypersaline environments. Pelagerythrobacter sp. N7 was isolated from the PAH-degrading consortium 5H, which was enriched from mixed saline soil samples collected in Shanxi Province, China. 16S rRNA in the genomic DNA revealed that strain N7 belonged to Pelagerythrobacter. Strain N7 exhibited a high tolerance to a wide range of salinities (1–10%) and was highly efficient under neutral to weak alkaline conditions (pH 6–9). The whole genome of strain N7 was sequenced and analyzed, revealing an abundance of catabolic genes. Using the whole genome information, we conducted preliminary research on key enzymes and gene clusters involved in the upstream and downstream PAH degradation pathways of strain N7, thereby inferring its degradation pathway for phenanthrene and naphthalene. This study adds to our understanding of PAH degradation in hypersaline environments and, for the first time, identifies a Pelagerythrobacter with PAH-degrading capability. Strain N7, with its high efficiency in phenanthrene degradation, represents a promising resource for the bioremediation of PAHs in hypersaline environments. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Bioremediation

The discrepant metabolic pathways of PAHs by facultative anaerobic bacteria under aerobic and nitrate-reducing conditions

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Chemosphere 2024年 351卷 141230页

作者： Zhou, Nan Guo, Haijiao Zhang, Zuotao Wang, Hui State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

Studies regarding the facultative anaerobic biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were still in the initial stage. In this study, a facultative anaerobe which was identified as Bacillus Firmus and named as PheN7 was firstly isolated from the mixed petroleum-polluted soil samples using phenanthrene and nitrate as the solo carbon resource and electron acceptor under anaerobic condition. The degradation rates of PheN7 towards phenanthrene were detected as 33.17 μM/d, 13.81 μM/d and 7.11 μM/d at the initial phenanthrene concentration of 250.17 μM with oxygen, nitrate and sulfate as the electron acceptor, respectively. The metabolic pathways toward phenanthrene by PheN7 were deduced combining the metagenome analysis of PheN7 and intermediate metabolites of phenanthrene under aerobic and nitrate-reducing conditions. Dioxygenation and carboxylation were inferred as the initial activation reactions of phenanthrene degradation in these two pathways. This study highlighted the significance of facultative anaerobic bacteria in natural PAHs biodegradation, revealing the discrepant metabolic fates of PAHs by one solo bacteria under aerobic and anaerobic environments. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Bacillus firmus Facultative anaerobic Phenanthrene Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon

Cost-Effective Mapping of Hyperlocal Air pollution Using Large-Scale Mobile Monitoring and Land-Use Machine Learning

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ACS ES&T Air

ACS ES&T Air 2025年第2期2卷 151-161页

作者： Tie Zheng Yifan Wen Sheng Xiang Pan Yang Xuan Zheng Yan You Shaojun Zhang Ye Wu School of Environment State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China；College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China Macao Environmental Research Institute Macau University of Science and Technology Macau 999078 China；National Observation and Research Station of Coastal Ecological Environments in Macao Macao Environmental Research Institute Macau University of Science and Technology Macao 999078 China School of Environment State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China；State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084 China；Beijing Laboratory of Environmental Frontier Technologies Beijing 100084 China

The advent of large-scale mobile monitoring using fast-response instruments has enabled hyperlocal mapping (≤100 m) of traffic-related air pollution (TRAP), with important implications for air quality management. However, most related studies have been confined within small areas due to the high cost and labor intensity. This study pioneers a cost-effective TRAP mapping method by incorporating large-scale mobile monitoring and land-use machine learning (LUML). Here, over 4.6 million 1 Hz high-frequency measurements (∼1300 h) were collected on a part of major roadways in the Chinese megacity of Shenzhen. Unmeasured locations were estimated by LUML models to reduce measurement costs and labor intensity. Various ML algorithms and varying spatial aggregation segment lengths were incorporated to optimize the model performance. Hyperlocal maps of NO, NO2, and PM2.5were predicted across the entire road network covering over 1700 km2. Based on our results, LU-RF (random forest) for mapping NO and NO2and LU-GBM (Gradient Boosting Machine) for mapping PM2.5, demonstrated superior performance. Deep learning models, in contrast, did not yield comparable results. Finer partitioning of road segments (≤100 m) improved NO prediction performance, but worsened that for NO2and PM2.5. By deployment of optimal ML algorithms and segment lengths, the TRAP mapping accuracy increased by 20–80% compared to conventional land-use regression models. This study provides a promising and cost-effective approach to hyperlocal air pollution mapping and management in cities worldwide.

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Integration of Strong Oxide-Support Interaction and Mesoporous Confinement to Engineer Efficient and Durable Zr/Al2O3 for Catalytic Solvent Regeneration in CO2 Capture

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Li, Junhua Chen, Zhen Xing, Leixing Zhan, Guoxiong Huang, Zhoulan Bai, Xinhao Wang, Rong Peng, Yue State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

Catalytic solvent regeneration is considered a promising solution to address the high heat duty of amine-based CO2 capture, urgently requiring for acid catalysts with strong activity and durability for practice application. In this work, feasible Zr/Al2O3 catalysts was proposed by incorporating well-distributed zirconia (ZrO2) nanoparticles within mesoporous alumina to construct stable active sites through mesoporous confinement and the strong metal oxide-support interaction. Performance experiments showed that the maximum carbamate decomposition desorption rate using Zr/Al2O3 increased by 178% compared to the catalyst-free case, resulting in approximately 27% lower relative heat duty. Bench-scale testing with continuous CO2 absorption and desorption demonstrated an optimized capture efficiency of 54.2% achievable with pelletized Zr/Al2O3, which was 12.5% higher than the blank case during the 11-h continuous testing. A 4-weeks hydrothermal testing indicated that the catalysts had minimal impact on solvent degradation, confirming the excellent adaptability of Zr/Al2O3 in an alkaline amine-based solvent for CO2 capture. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Aluminum oxide

Insights into Mn Loaded Carbon-Silica-Membrane for Highly Efficient Heterogeneous Catalytic Ozonation: Performance and Catalytic Mechanism

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Chen, Shuning Ren, Tengfei Zhou, Zuoyong Lu, Kechao Huang, Xia Zhang, Xiaoyuan State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

Heterogeneous catalytic ozonation (HCO) is a promising technology for advanced wastewater treatment and water reuse. The efficient decomposition of O3 into reactive oxygen species (ROS) and easy recycling capability are essential for HCO catalysts. In this work, Mn loaded Carbon-Silica-Membrane (Mn-CSM) has been designed and synthesized by electrospinning for HCO process. The high specific surface area and abundant pore size distribution of Mn-CSM elevated the exposure of active sites. The packed reactor construction promoted the utilization of O3. The experiments verify the Mn-CSM HCO process is effective for oxalate removal and coal gasification wastewater treatment, which is essential for water reuse. 93% of oxalate was degraded through Mn-CSM HCO process in 60 min, while the effluent of coal gasification wastewater after HCO treatment decreased from 105 mg L⁻1 to 42 mg L⁻1 in 60 min. The results also showed that the Mn-CSM HCO had a great removal rate for fluorescent components and other dissolved organic matters such as proteins and humic acids. Furthermore, multiple-cycle experiment demonstrated the higher mechanical stability of Mn-CSM in comparison with Mn loaded Carbon-Membrane (Mn-CM). The introduction of SiO2 particles in the carbon fibers were proven to promote the distribution of fluid flow field through Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation. The separation of hydrophobic and hydrophilic substances in the wastewater proved that Mn-CSM HCO process had a higher removal for hydrophilic substance due to the higher hydrophilicity brought up by SiO2 particles. This study provides evidence that the packed membrane structure Mn-CSM for HCO process is a prospective catalyst for its high catalytic activity, stability and recyclable capability. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Wastewater treatment

Titanium Mesh as the Anode of Electrochemically Active Biofilm Sensor for Improved Sensitivity in Water Toxicity Real-Time Early-Warning

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Liu, Xinning Qi, Xiang Gu, Yuyi Huang, Xia Liang, Peng State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

As serious water ecological pollution caused by toxicant leakage occurs frequently, early-warning for toxicity presented in water environment attracts increasing attentions as it saves time to retain water safety and human health. Electrochemically active biofilm (EAB) sensor is a promising device for in situ real-time water toxicity early-warning. To improve the sensitivity of EAB sensor particularly for low-concentration toxicity warning, this study employed titanium mesh (TiM) as the anode to construct an EAB sensor. Compared to traditional EAB sensor with carbon felt (CF) anode, the sensitivity of the TiM sensor was increased upto 37.4 times. The effects of mesh size (TiM50, TiM100, TiM150) and operation mode (flow-by and flow-through) on the sensitivity of TiM sensors were further investigated. Results showed the sensor with TiM100 anode had the highest inhibition rate (IR) in flow-by mode, attributed to low charge transfer resistance (Rct) and fast mass transfer. Flow-through operation could further enhance TiM100 sensor’s sensitivity from flow-by operation and succeeded to signal as low as 0.0025% formaldehyde, the lowest so far tested in EAB sensor with sensing anode. Multiple toxicity shocks on flow-through TiM100 sensor revealed its good recoverability towards all tested formaldehyde concentration from 0.01% to 0.0025%, during which electrochemical activity degradation and biomass accumulation partially impaired the repeatability. This work highlights the great improvement of EAB sensors by utilizing titanium mesh as EAB carrier and provides a reference for the practical application of metallic materials for EAB sensors. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Anodes

Transformation of dissolved organic matter during groundwater arsenite removal using air cathode iron electrocoagulation

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Chemosphere 2024年 358卷 142083页

作者： Yuan, Ying Chen, Jiabao Zhang, Hao Wu, Yue Xiao, Yu Huang, Wan Wang, Yang Tang, Jun Zhang, Fang State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing100012 China School of Environment and State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China College of Environmental Science and Engineering Guilin University of Technology Guilin541004 China

Dissolve organic matters (DOM) usually showed negative effect on the removal of inorganic arsenic (As) in groundwater by electrochemical approaches, yet which parts of sub-component within DOM played the role was lack of evidence. Herein, we investigated the effects of land-source humic-like acid (HA) on groundwater As(III) removal using air cathode iron electrocoagulation, based on the parallel factor analysis of three-dimensional excitation–emission matrix and statistical methods. Our results showed that the land-source HA contained five kinds of components and all components presented significantly negative correlations with the removal of both As(III) and As(V). However, the high aromatic fulvic-like acid and low aromatic humic-like acid components of land-source HA presented the opposite correlations with the concentration of As(III) during the reaction. The high aromaticity fulvic-like components of land-source HA (Sigma-Aldrich HA, SAHA) produced during the reaction facilitated the oxidation of As(III) due to its high electron transfer capacities and good solubility in wide pH range, but the low aromaticity humic-like ones worked against the oxidation of As(III). Our findings offered the novel insights for the flexible activities of DOM in electron Fenton system. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Groundwater

Mnnx-Carbon-Silica-Framework for Highly Efficient Heterogeneous Catalytic Ozonation of Electron-Rich Organics Through Nonradical Pathway

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Chen, Shuning Ren, Tengfei Lu, Kechao Ouyang, Changpei Huang, Xia Zhang, Xiaoyuan State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

Heterogeneous catalytic ozonation (HCO) is considered as a powerful technique for wastewater treatment and tuning the active sites of catalysts can adjust the HCO pathway of removing organics. The traditional hydroxyl radical pathway may be affected by wastewater matrix. In comparison, nonradical pathway such as 1O2 pathway and intra-electron transfer makes it a promising choice for electron-rich organics. In this study, we proposed MnNx loaded Carbon-Silica-Framework (MnNx-CSF) for selective removal for electron-rich organics and stable mechanical strength for catalytic ozonation. The results showed that the TOC removal for p-HBA was 81% in MnNx -CSF HCO within 30 min, while only 44% and 22% of TOC was removed after 30 min in the Mn-SiO2 HCO process and ozonation process. The N species were considered to be related to catalytic efficiency, and the graphitic N and pyridine N might be the relevant active N species in MnNx-CSF. Pyridine N could coordinate with Mn atoms, and the active site MnN4 showed a high tendency to adsorb O3 and decompose it into *Oads and 1O2. Graphitic N could also enhance the electron transfer pathway to degrade organics. Modulating N species and metal doping is considered to be a promising strategy to regulate the catalysts to achieve catalytic ozonation through a nonradical way. The results highlighted that experiments with theoretical calculations clearly showed that metal/N catalysts were effective for catalytic ozonation to degrade electron-rich organics. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Silica