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A short climatology of black and brown carbon and their sources at a suburban site impacted by smoke in Brazil

Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 498-511页

作者： Admir Creso Targino Patricia Krecl Gabriel Yoshikazu Oukawa Eva Maria Mollinedo Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering Federal University of TechnologyAv.Pioneiros 3131LondrinaPR 86036-370Brazil Department of Environmental Engineering Federal University of TechnologyAv.Pioneiros 3131LondrinaPR 86036-370Brazil

Emissions from biomass burning challenge efforts to curb air pollution in cities downwind of fire-prone regions,as they contribute large amounts of brown carbon(Br C)and black carbon(BC)*** investigated the patterns of Br C and BC concentrations using Aethalometer data(atλ=370 and 880 nm,respectively)spanning four years at a site impacted by the outflow of *** data required to be post processed for the shadowing effect since,without correction,concentrations would be between 29%and 35%*** Br C concentrations were consistently higher than the BC concentrations,indicating the prevalence of aerosols from biomass *** results were supported by the Angstrom coefficient(A_(370/880)),with values predominantly larger than 1(mean±standard deviation:1.25±0.31).A_(370/880)values below 1 were more prevalent during the wet season,which suggests a contribution from fossil fuel *** observed sharp Br C and BC seasonal signals,with mean minimum concentrations of 0.40μg/m^(3)and 0.36μg/m^(3),respectively,in the wet season,and mean maximum concentrations of 2.05μg/m^(3)and 1.53μg/m^(3)in the dry *** largest concentrations were observed when northerly air masses moved over regions with a high density of fire *** burning of residential solid waste and industrial combustion caused extreme Br C and BC concentrations under favourable wind *** neither pollutant is included in any ambient air quality standards,our results suggest that transboundary smoke may hamper efforts to meet the World Health Organization guidelines for fine particles.

关键词： Light-absorbing carbonaceous matter Black carbon Wildfires Biomass burning Aethalometer

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Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for emerging contaminant analysis in drinking water

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Frontiers of environmental Science & engineering 2023年第5期17卷 51-65页

作者： Seo Won Cho Haoran Wei Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program University of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA

Emerging contaminants(ECs)in drinking water pose threats to public health due to their environmental prevalence and potential *** occurrence of ECs in our drinking water supplies depends on their physicochemical properties,discharging rate,and susceptibility to removal by water treatment *** health effects of long-term exposure to ECs justify their regular monitoring in drinking water *** this review article,we will summarize the current status and future opportunities of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS)for EC analysis in drinking *** principles of SERS are first introduced and a comparison of SERS and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in terms of cost,time,sensitivity,and availability is ***,we discuss the strategies for designing effective SERS sensors for EC analysis based on five categories—per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances,novel pesticides,pharmaceuticals,endocrine-disrupting chemicals,and *** addition to maximizing the intrinsic enhancement factors of SERS substrates,strategies to improve hot spot accessibilities to the targeting ECs are equally *** is a review article focusing on SERS analysis of ECs in drinking *** discussions are not only guided by numerous endeavors to advance SERS technology but also by the drinking water regulatory policy.

关键词： Emerging contaminant Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy Drinking water monitoring Sensor Regulatory policy

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Characterization and Control of Room Air Mixing Regimes and PM exposures in a Large Cohort of Public Elementary School Classrooms 18

Characterization and Control of Room Air Mixing Regimes and ...

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18th International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate, INDOOR AIR 2024

作者： Hernandez, Mark Petrov, Kristina Chevarria, Isaac Segur, Anna Gomez, Odessa University of Colorado Environmental Engineering Program Boulder United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798331306816

We demonstrated how occupant-normalized PM in classrooms could be controlled with the addition of in-room HEPA air purifiers deploying an equivalent CADR of 500 CFM. Air purifier deployment reduced airborne PM by as much as 67% and markedly improved room air mixing. Common models using only CADR and floor area, would likely overestimate this performance. As judged by in-situ sound pressure emissions, the acoustic envelope projected by these air purifiers was less than 10% of the background and fell within a range that does not interfere with classroom communications under WHO guidelines. © 2024 18th Conference of the International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate, INDOOR AIR 2024 - Conference program and Proceedings. All rights reserved.

关键词： Indoor air pollution

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MCNP/NJOY Silicon Damage Function Synthesis and 1 MeV Equivalent Test Fluence Optimization

MCNP/NJOY Silicon Damage Function Synthesis and 1 MeV Equiva...

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2024 Transactions of the American Nuclear Society on Winter Conference and Expo, ANS 2024

作者： Johnson, Joseph Kimball, Taylor Sjoden, Glenn E. Nuclear Engineering Program Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Utah United States

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Two-dimensional RGO-bridge S-scheme phosphorus-doped g-C_(3)N_(4)/Bi_(5)O_(7)Ivan der Waals heterojunctions for efficient visible-light photocatalytic treatment of real pharmaceutical wastewater

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2023年第10期66卷 3011-3024页

作者： WANG ZhenZhou XU XiWei DENG Fang DIONYSIOU Dionysios D LI XiBao PENG JunLong LUO XuBiao ZOU JianPing LUO ShengLian National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metal Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization Nanchang Hangkong UniversityNanchang 330063China Environmental Engineering and Science Program Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering(DChEE)University of CincinnatiCincinnati 45221-0012USA

The design of van der Waals heterojunctions with S-scheme charge transfer pathway is expected to be an effective strategy for improvement of photocatalytic ***,two-dimensional(2D)phosphorus-doped g-C_(3)N_(4)/Bi_(5)O_(7)Ivan der Waals heterojunctions with reduced graphene oxide as electron bridge(PCN/RGO/Bi_(5O)_(7)I)were successfully synthesized via hydrothermal *** van der Waals interaction endowed 2D PCN/RGO/Bi_(5O)_(7)I with intimate contact interface,lattice match,tunable band structure,and internal electric field,which efficiently promoted interfacial charge separation and enhanced redox ability of photogenerated charge *** a result,the S-scheme PCN/RGO/Bi_5O_7I van der Waals heterojunctions exhibited superior photocatalytic performance in ciprofloxacin degradation and real pharmaceutical wastewater *** optimized 12%PCN/RGO/Bi_5O_7I displayed the highest photocatalytic activity with 92%removal of ***,the COD removal efficiency and extent of mineralization of real pharmaceutical wastewater reached 66.9%and 59.8%,respectively,and the biodegradability of pharmaceutical wastewater was significantly *** photocatalytic mechanism of the S-scheme PCN/RGO/Bi_(5)O_(7)I van der Waals heterojunctions based on the analysis of reactive species,work function,and internal electric field was *** study provides fresh insights into plausible design of S-scheme van der Waals heterojunction to enhance photocatalytic redox ability.

关键词： S-scheme heterojunction van der Waals heterostructure photocatalytic degradation ciprofloxacin energy consumption

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Optimization of machine learning models for predicting the compressive strength of fiber-reinforced self-compacting concrete

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil engineering 2023年第2期17卷 284-305页

作者： Hai-Van Thi MAI May Huu NGUYEN Son Hoang TRINH Hai-Bang LY Civil Engineering Department University of Transport TechnologyHanoi 100000Vietnam Civil and Environmental Engineering Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and EngineeringHiroshima UniversityHiroshima 739-8527Japan

Fiber-reinforced self-compacting concrete(FRSCC)is a typical construction material,and its compressive strength(CS)is a critical mechanical property that must be adequately *** the machine learning(ML)approach to estimating the CS of FRSCC,the current research gaps include the limitations of samples in databases,the applicability constraints of models owing to limited mixture components,and the possibility of applying recently proposed *** study developed different ML models for predicting the CS of FRSCC to address these *** neural network,random forest,and categorical gradient boosting(CatBoost)models were optimized to derive the best predictive model with the aid of a 10-fold cross-validation technique.A database of 381 samples was created,representing the most significant FRSCC dataset compared with previous studies,and it was used for model *** findings indicated that CatBoost outperformed the other two models with excellent predictive abilities(root mean square error of 2.639 MPa,mean absolute error of 1.669 MPa,and coefficient of determination of 0.986 for the test dataset).Finally,a sensitivity analysis using a partial dependence plot was conducted to obtain a thorough understanding of the effect of each input variable on the predicted CS of *** results showed that the cement content,testing age,and superplasticizer content are the most critical factors affecting the CS.

关键词： compressive strength self-compacting concrete artificial neural network decision tree CatBoost

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An integrated decision-making approach to resilience–LCC Bridge network retrofitting using a genetic algorithm-based framework

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Resilient Cities and Structures 2025年第1期4卷 16-40页

作者： Omidian, Pedram Khaji, Naser Aghakouchak, Ali Akbar Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Tarbiat Modares University Tehran P.O. Box 14115-397 Iran Civil and Environmental Engineering Program of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University 1-4-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima739-8527 Japan

Bridge networks are essential components of civil infrastructure, supporting communities by delivering vital services and facilitating economic activities. However, bridges are vulnerable to natural disasters, particularly earthquakes. To develop an effective disaster management strategy, it is critical to identify reliable, robust, and efficient indicators. In this regard, Life-Cycle Cost (LCC) and Resilience (R) serve as key indicators to assist decision-makers in selecting the most effective disaster risk reduction plans. This study proposes an innovative LCC–R optimization framework to identify the most optimal retrofit strategies for bridge networks facing hazardous events during their lifespan. The proposed framework employs both single- and multi-objective optimization techniques to identify retrofit strategies that maximize the R index while minimizing the LCC for the under-study bridge networks. The considered retrofit strategies include various options such as different materials (steel, CFRP, and GFRP), thicknesses, arrangements, and timing of retrofitting actions. The first step in the proposed framework involves constructing fragility curves by performing a series of nonlinear time-history incremental dynamic analyses for each case. In the subsequent step, the seismic resilience surfaces are calculated using the obtained fragility curves and assuming a recovery function. Next, the LCC is evaluated according to the proposed formulation for multiple seismic occurrences, which incorporates the effects of complete and incomplete repair actions resulting from previous multiple seismic events. For optimization purposes, the Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) evolutionary algorithm efficiently identifies the Pareto front to represent the optimal set of solutions. The study presents the most effective retrofit strategies for an illustrative bridge network, providing a comprehensive discussion and insights into the resulting tactical approaches

关键词： Genetic algorithms

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Use of oilseed crops biomass for heavy metal treatment in water

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Oil Crop Science 2024年第3期9卷 177-186页

作者： Carlos Pena-Guzman Angela Otalvaro-Alvarez Tatiana Jimenez-Ariza Environmental and Sanitation Engineering Program Faculty of EngineeringUniversidad de La SalleBogota111711Colombia Chemical Enineering Program Facultuy of EngineeringUniversidad de La SalleBogota111711Colombia Food Engineering Program Faculty of EngineeringUniversidad de La SalleBogota111711Colombia

The treatment of heavy metals in water is of high importance worldwide,and different treatment types have been *** use of plant material is becoming more and more important,and oilseed crops biomass have been investigated in terms of phytoremediation and biosorption *** article is a review of the literature reporting the applications in 10 different plants and evaluating the removal efficiencies for 12 metals,including the findings of 81 *** olifera and Helianthus annuus are the most studied plants,whereas Cu(21.9%),Cd(18.5%),and Pb(19.9%)are the most studied *** a result,it was found that more than 90%of Pb,Cu,Cd,Fe,Zn,Ni,Cr,Sr and Mn showed removals in their *** the same time,the variables most related to the efficiency of metal removal are pH,temperature,and contact *** article includes a review of the biosorption isotherms used in the different studies.

关键词： Oilseed crops Phytoremediation Biosorption Heavy metals

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Rotary Algae Biofilm Reactor (RABR) using microalgae Chlorella sp. for tofu wastewater treatment

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2023年 87卷 263-271页

作者： Elystia S. Nasution F.H.M. Sasmita A. Environmental Engineering Program Chemical Engineering Department Riau University Pekanbaru 28293 Indonesia

Indonesia was known to be dominated by the household-scale tofu industry, with limited funds to treat the tofu wastewater produced. Therefore, the producers choose to directly discharge the tofu wastewater to a ditch or other water body without appropriate treatment. Tofu wastewater can pollute the aquatic environment due to its content, consisting of organic compounds and high nutrients. Utilization of tofu wastewater as a source of nutrients to support the growth of microorganisms such as the microalgae (Chlorella sp.) can be an alternative to the problem of tofu wastewater using Rotary Algae Biofilm Reactor (RABR) technology. This study aims to determine the growth rate of microalgae and the removal of COD and NH3 parameters by cultivating Chlorella sp. On a medium with various treatments of tofu wastewater concentration, namely 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%, and contact time within (0, 1, 3, and 5 days). The results showed that in the treatment of 40% tofu wastewater concentration on day 5, the highest COD and NH3 removal efficiencies were 75.88% and 80.45%, respectively, with the total density of suspended and attached cells of Chlorella sp. of 3.99 × 106 cells/mL. © 2023

关键词： Chlorella sp. Rotary Algae Biofilm Reactor (RABR) Tofu wastewater

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Long-term performance: strength and metal encapsulation in alkali-activated iron ore tailings

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environmental Science and Pollution Research 2024年第34期31卷 47071-47083页

作者： Levandoski, William Mateus Kubiaki Ferrazzo, Suéllen Tonatto Piovesan, Maria Alice Bruschi, Giovani Jordi Consoli, Nilo Cesar Korf, Eduardo Pavan Graduate Program in Environmental Science and Technology Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul RS Erechim99700-970 Brazil Graduate Program in Civil Engineering Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul RS Porto Alegre90035-190 Brazil Undergraduate Program in Environmental and Sanitary Engineering Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul RS Erechim99700-970 Brazil

Understanding the strength behavior and leaching characteristics of mining tailings stabilized with alkali-activated cements in the short, medium, and long term is crucial for the feasibility of material applications. In this context, this study assessed the stabilization/solidification of iron ore tailings (IOT) using alkali-activated binder (AAB) composed of sugarcane bagasse ash and eggshell lime at curing times of 7, 28, 60, 90, 180, and 365 days. Additionally, leaching tests were conducted, along with the examination of possible changes in the chemical and mineralogical composition resulting from exposure to acidic environments. Tests included unconfined compression strength (UCS), leaching, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy for the IOT-AAB mixtures. The highest increase in UCS was observed between 7 and 60 days, reaching 6.47 MPa, with minimal variation thereafter. The AAB-bonded IOT exhibited no metal toxicity over time. Elements Ba, Mn, Pb, and Zn present in IOT and ash were encapsulated in the cemented matrix, with complete encapsulation of all metals observed from 90 days of curing time. The mineralogy of the stabilized/solidified tailings showed no changes resulting from leaching tests. Characteristic bands associated with the presence of N-A-S–H gel were identified in both pre-leaching and post-leaching samples for all curing times analyzed. Exposure to acidic environments altered bands related to carbonate bonds formed in the IOT-AAB mixture. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Lime

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