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Soil erosion and lateral carbon fluxes from corn stover-derived biofuel

Scientific reports 2025年第1期15卷 18315页

作者： Xuesong Zhang Stephen D LeDuc Seungdo Kim Bruce E Dale Kaiguang Zhao Yuyu Zhou Gregory W McCarty Glenn E Moglen USDA-ARS Hydrology and Remote Sensing Laboratory Beltsville MD 20705-2350 USA. xuesong.zhang@usda.gov. Office of Research and Development U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 109 TW Alexander Dr. Research Triangle Park NC 27711 USA. Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824 USA. Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Michigan State University 3815 Technology Boulevard Lansing MI 48910 USA. Environmental Science Graduate Program School of Environment and Natural Resources The Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210 USA. Department of Geography and Institute for Climate and Carbon Neutrality The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China. USDA-ARS Hydrology and Remote Sensing Laboratory Beltsville MD 20705-2350 USA. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The University of North Carolina at Charlotte Charlotte NC 28223 USA.

Crop residues hold promise to alleviate food vs. fuel competition and contribute to biofuel production. However, the impacts of lateral sediment and carbon fluxes caused by residue removal are not fully understood. Here we employ agroecosystem modeling to conservatively estimate lateral sediment and carbon fluxes resulting from partial corn stover removal in the U.S. Midwest. Results show substantial increases in soil erosion resulting from corn stover removal. For example, the area of continuous corn and corn soybean cropping systems exceeding soil erosion tolerance threshold could increase from 1.1 to 13.3% because of 66% corn stover removal. Depending on removal intensity, conservation, and crop rotation, the stover removal-induced increases in eroded soil organic carbon is equivalent to 3.9-12.5 gCOe MJ, which is comparable to other components of the life cycle impacts of corn stover-derived biofuel. Our findings highlight the need to consider the soil erosion and lateral carbon fluxes impacts of corn stover removal in designing supply chains for cellulosic biofuel production.

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Mechanisms of Geologically Stored CO2 for Energy Storage 14

Mechanisms of Geologically Stored CO2 for Energy Storage

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14th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies, GHGT 2018

作者： Ogland-Hand, Jonathan D. Bielicki, Jeffrey M. Environmental Science Graduate Program The Ohio State University 174 West 18th ColumbusOH43210 United States Department of Civil Environmental and Geodetic Engineering The Ohio State University 2070 Neil Avenue ColumbusOH43210 United States John Glenn College of Public Affairs The Ohio State University 1810 College Road ColumbusOH43210 United States

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Early surveillance of rice bakanae disease using deep learning and hyperspectral imaging

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aBIOTECH 2024年第3期5卷 281-297页

作者： Sishi Chen Xuqi Lu Hongda Fang Anand Babu Perumal Ruyue Li Lei Feng Mengcen Wang Yufei Liu College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Computational Modeling and Nanoscale Processing Unit National Institute of Food TechnologyEntrepreneurship and Management-ThanjavurMinistry of Food Processing IndustriesThanjavur 613005India College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Global Education Program for AgriScience Frontiers Graduate School of AgricultureHokkaido UniversitySapporo 060-8589Japan

Bakanae disease,caused by Fusarium fujikuroi,poses a significant threat to rice production and has been observed in most rice-growing *** disease symptoms caused by different pathogens may vary,including elongated and weak stems,slender and yellow leaves,and dwarfism,as *** disease is likely to cause necrosis of diseased seedlings,and it may cause a large area of infection in the field through the transmission of ***,early disease surveillance plays a crucial role in securing rice *** monitoring methods are both time-consuming and labor-intensive and cannot be broadly *** this study,a combination of hyperspectral imaging technology and deep learning algorithms were used to achieve in situ detection of rice seedlings infected with bakanae *** data were obtained on the 9th,15th,and 21st day after rice infection to explore the physiological and biochemical performance,which helps to deepen the research on the disease *** data were obtained over these same periods of infection,and a deep learning model,named Rice Bakanae Disease-Visual Geometry Group(RBD-VGG),was established by leveraging hyperspectral imaging technology and deep learning *** on this model,an average accuracy of 92.2%was achieved on the 21st day of *** also achieved an accuracy of 79.4%as early as the 9th *** characteristic wavelengths were extracted to increase the feasibility of using portable spectral equipment for field ***,the model offers an efficient and non-destructive surveillance methodology for monitoring bakanae disease,thereby providing an efficient avenue for disease prevention and control.

关键词： Bakanae disease Hyperspectral imaging Deep learning Early surveillance Disease monitoring

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Utilising Biomass in Biotechnology 1

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丛书名： Green Energy and Technology

1000年

作者： Helen Treichel Thamarys Scapini Aline Frumi Camargo Fábio Spitza Stefanski Gislaine Fongaro Bruno Venturin

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HSPF-Paddy simulation of water flow and quality for the saemangeum watershed in Korea

HSPF-Paddy simulation of water flow and quality for the saem...

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作者： Jeon, J.-H. Yoon, C.G. Jung, K.-W. Jang, J.-H. Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907-2093 United States Environmental Science Department Konkuk University 1 Hwayang-dong Gwangjin-gu Seoul 143-701 Korea Republic of Graduate Program Konkuk University 1 Hwayang-dong Gwangjin-gu Seoul 143-701 Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)1843395975

The Hydrological Simulation program-FORTRAN (HSPF) is a comprehensive model that was developed to simulate many processes related to water flow and quality in watersheds of almost any size and complexity. Paddy rice fields often dominate extensive portions of the landscape in the Asian monsoon region. The hydrological and environmental conditions of paddy fields differ somewhat from those of other land uses, and HSPF may not adequately simulate watersheds in paddy farming regions. HSPF was previously modified to HSPF-Paddy;here, we examined the applicability of the modified model. The model was applied to simulate the water flow and quality of the Saemangeum watershed (2523 km2) in Korea, where paddy rice fields comprise about one-third of the total watershed area. Long-term monitoring data (5 years for water flow, 10 years for water quality) were used in the calibration and verification processes. Model performance was in the range of "very good" and "good" based on model efficiency (R2) and percent difference. The accuracy of the daily simulation was lower than that of monthly simulation for water flow. The water-quality simulation results were encouraging for this sizable watershed with mixed land uses;HSPF-Paddy proved adequate, and its application is recommended to simulate watershed processes in paddy farming regions. © IWA Publishing 2007.

关键词： Watersheds

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Bacterial Mobility and Motility in Porous Media Mimicked By Microspheres

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Shrestha, Diksha Ou, Jun Rogers, Ariel Jereb, Amani Wang, Yong Department of Physics Cell and Molecular Graduate Program Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Arkansas FayettevilleAR72701 United States Department of Environmental Resources Engineering Mechanical Engineering Program California State Polytechnic University Humboldt ArcataCA95521 United States

Bacterial motion in porous media are essential for their survival, proper functioning, and variousapplications. Here we investigated the motion of Escherichia coli bacteria in microsphere-mimicked porousmedia. We observed reduced bacterial velocity and enhanced directional changes of bacteria as the densityof microspheres increased, while such changes happened mostly around the microspheres and due to thecollisions with the microspheres. More importantly, we established and quantified the correlation betweenthe bacterial trapping in porous media and the geometric confinement imposed by the microspheres. In addition,numerical simulations showed that the active Brownian motion model in the presence of microspheresresulted in bacterial motion that are consistent with the experimental observations. Our study suggested thatit is important to distinguish the ability of bacteria to move easily – bacterial mobility – from the abilityof bacteria to move independently – bacteria motility. Our results showed that bacterial motility remainssimilar in porous media, but bacterial mobility was significantly affected by the pore-scale confinement. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Microspheres

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FIELD TRAPPING OF SUBSURFACE VAPOR-PHASE PETROLEUM-HYDROCARBONS

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GROUND WATER MONITORING AND REMEDIATION 1994年第1期14卷 110-119页

作者： MOYER, EE OSTENDORF, DW KAMPBELL, DH XIE, YF Ellen E. Moyer (ENSR Consulting and Engineering 35 Nagog Park Acton MA 01720) is a senior environmental engineer at ENSR Consulting and Engineering in Acton Massachusetts. Her research interests include bioremediation air sparging soil venting and analytical modeling of subsurface contamination. Moyer is a registered Professional Engineer with an M.S. in environmental engineering and a Ph.D. in civil engineering from the University of Massachusetts at Amherst and a member of the National Ground Water Association and the American Society of Civil Engineers. David W. Ostendorf (Civil Engineering Department University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003) is an associate professor in the environmental engineering program of the Civil Engineering Department of the University of Massachusetts at Amherst. His research interests include unconfined aquifer contamination hazardous waste site remediation and analytical modeling of problems in environmental fluid mechanics. Ostendorf is a registered Professional Engineer and a member of the American Geophysical Union American Society of Civil Engineers Soil Science Society of America Water Pollution Control Federation and Association of Environmental Engineering Professors as well as the National Ground Water Association. Don H. Kampbell (Robert S. Kerr Environmental Research Laboratory Ada OK 74820) is a research chemist at the U.S. EPA Robert S. Kerr Environmental Research Laboratory in Ada Oklahoma. His research interests include gas chromatog- raphy GC/mass spectrometry industrial waste processes soil bioreactor systems aquifer biorestoration and soil gas measurements. Kampbell is a certified Professional Soil Scientist and a registered Professional Engineer as well as a member of the Soil Science Society of America and the American Chemical Society. Yuefeng Xie (Civil Engineering Department University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003) is a postdoctoral research associate in the environmental engineering program of the Civil Engineering Depart

Soil gas samples from intact soil cores were collected on adsorbents at a field site, then thermally desorbed and analyzed by laboratory gas chromatography (GC). Vertical concentration profiles of predominant vapor phase petroleum hydrocarbons under ambient conditions were obtained for the zone directly above the capillary fringe. Water and residual phase weathered aviation gasoline were present in this region of the profile. The sampling, trapping, and GC methodology was effective in most respects. Reproducibility, trapping, and desorption efficiency were generally satisfactory, and different sorbent tubes gave similar results. A minor shortcoming of the method occurred with the most volatile compound, 2,3-dimethylbutane, which was poorly retained during several weeks of storage time and was also poorly desorbed. Vapor phase concentrations of predominant hydrocarbon compounds all increased with depth at one sampling location. At a more highly contaminated location, concentrations of highly volatile compounds increased with depth while concentrations of less volatile compounds remained constant or decreased, possibly indicating distillation effects. Scatter in the data was attributed to heterogeneities in water and residual phase distribution.

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Load Distribution and Body Angle Measurement in Static Walking of a Quadruped Walking Robot

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2000年第29期33卷 95-99页

作者： Hiroshi Nakashima Masaru Tokuda Hiroaki Yamamoto Masafumi Funakoashi Associate Professor Division of Environmental Science and Technology Graduate School of Agriculture Kyoto University 606-8502 JAPAN. Instructor Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Agriculture Kobe University 657-8501 JAPAN Professor ditto. Master Program Student Graduate School of Science and Technology Kobe University 657-8501 JAPAN

A prototype quadruped walking robot has been developed to examine the possibility of application in agricultural works. The purpose of current study is to obtain some information on load distribution and inclination angle of vehicle body in three typical motion of forward, lateral and turning walk. The result showed that the current configuration of robot body required the severe translation of CG point which results in increasing of pitching angle of vehicle body.

关键词： robotics quadruped robot static walking load distribution pitching and rolling angle

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K-12 teacher professional development effectively offered by STEM faculty from a research University

K-12 teacher professional development effectively offered by...

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2010 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition

作者： Powers, Susan Brydges, Bruce DeWaters, Jan Small, Mary Margaret Gotham, Gail Turner, Peter Engineering for Research and Graduate Studies Clarkson University United States Academic Assessment/Institutional Research Office of Institutional Effectiveness State University College New York - Potsdam United States Environmental Science and Engineering Program Clarkson University United States Office of Educational Partnerships Clarkson University United States Program Planning and Development St. Lawrence-Lewis BOCES Canton NY United States Arts and Sciences Clarkson University United States

As part of an extensive University - K-12 partnership program in STEM (science, technology, engineering and math) disciplines, more than 20 faculty members at Clarkson University have developed and taught summer institutes and workshops for area middle and high school teachers. The goals of these interventions are to provide rigorous and state-of-the-art STEM content knowledge, to model effective and active teaching strategies, and to prepare the teachers to bring the new STEM content into their classrooms. The 5-day summer institutes provide rigorous content and hands-on activities for the teachers. The objective of this paper is to describe the development and assessment of the institutes. The design of the institutes was based on educational research that has documented key features of professional development and careful evaluation of prior professional development activities in the region. The optimal partnership was defined as one where teachers partner with working scientists, mathematicians, and engineers who have sophisticated equipment in laboratory work space, computing facilities and other resources of higher education. During the past two years, approximately 250 individuals attended 22 institutes;some of the teachers attended multiple offerings. The efficacy and impact of these institutes has been assessed through pre- and post content knowledge or capability tests, evaluation forms, and peer-review of lessons developed as an outcome of the institutes. For all institutes, evaluations indicated a statistically significant increase in STEM content knowledge and evaluations were remarkable. The transfer of this knowledge by the teachers into classroom lesson plans and activities, and the peer review of that outcome are on-going. © American Society for engineering Education, 2010.

关键词： Teaching

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DISCUSSION by Victor W. Lambou“A Carlson–Type Trophic State Index for Nitrogen in Florida Lakes”

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JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association 1982年第6期18卷 1059-1060页

作者： Brezonik, Patrick L. Kratzer, Charles R. Respectively professor of Environmental Engineering Department of Civil and Mineral Engineering University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota 55455 and Graduate Student Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Program UCLA Los Angeles California 90024.

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