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IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference

作者： Juliene dos Santos Davi Muniz Francisco Auriberto Ferreira Marques Junior Cleonilson Protasio De Souza William De Paiva Post-Graduate Program of Electrical Engineering Federal University of Paraíba João Pessoa PB Brazil Post-Graduate Program of Environmental Science and Technology State University of Paraíba Campina Grande PB Brazil Department of Electrical Engineering Federal University of Paraíba João Pessoa PB Brazil Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering State University of Paraíba João Pessoa PB Brazil

ISBN: (数字)9798350380903

ISBN: (纸本)9798350380910

Biogas generated from urban solid waste degradation in landfills is composed of various types of gases, some of them are very toxic and harmful to the health of both humans and animals, and contribute directly to global warming as well. In this way, the monitoring of biogas concentration in landfills and their surroundings is very important because this can assess the air contamination around landfills, as well as to propose means to minimize it. In this work, an electronic nose for gas identification and measurement of gases present in landfill biogas using an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is introduced. The ANN training data have been collected by the developed electronic nose, which consisted on a set of low-cost gas sensors and on a signal acquisition system controlled by the LabViewsoftware. After the ANN training, a neural architecture has been obtained and implemented in a microcontrolled digital system to measure different gas concentrations, mainly, methane. The main results of the proposed ANN-based Electronic Nose show that it was possible to measure the gases concentrations, with RMSE less than 1%, for the most of target gases, confirming the accuracy of the developed system.

关键词： Gases Semiconductor device measurement Accuracy Landfills Artificial neural networks Electronic noses Biogas

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Chemical Composition,Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of the Oil and Plant Extract Myrocarpus frondosus Allemao

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American Journal of Plant sciences 2017年第7期8卷 1560-1571页

作者： Ivandra Ignês de Santi Darci Alberto Gatto Miriam Ribeiro Galvao Machado Patrícia Soares Bilhalva dos Santos Rogerio Ant?nio Freitag Natural Products Research Laboratory Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Bioprospecting Federal University of Pelotas Pelotas Brasil Postgraduate Program Materials Science and Engineering Federal University of Pelotas Pelotas Brasil Center for Chemical Sciences Pharmaceutical and Food Federal University of Pelotas Pelotas Brasil Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) San Sebastian Spain

The objective of this study was to evaluate the chemical profile of extracts (aqueous and ethanol) and the essential oil of Myrocarpus frondosus Allem?o, the sensitivity of strains of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium and Listéria monocytogenes, front the extracts and essential oil, by means of the microdilution method in broth, the antioxidant activity by the ABTS method, and the content of phenolic compounds present in the extracts and oil. For the preparation of extracts from plant leaves used with ethanol and water, then separated, the chemical identification of compounds was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography (CLAE-DAD) and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrum (CG/MS). With the chemical analysis of the extracts obtained the presence of the major compound rutin, and oil major compound was found germacrene B. In the microdilution method in broth, oil and extracts showed inhibition against all the bacteria tested in the concentrations 1 mg/ml to 0.25 mg/ml, except for Staphylococcus aureus at a concentration of 0.25 mg/ml of the essential oil and trans-caryophyllene. The results of Minimum Bactericidal Concentration showed that the essential oil had bactericidal activity at a concentration of 1mg/ml for all bacteria tested and trans-caryophyllene at the same concentration only for Listeria monocytogenes. In relation to the essential oil, antioxidant activity showed higher radical reduction capacity of 40.92% and the content of phenolic compounds ethanol extract showed more 12.72%. The in vitro results support the conclusion that the essential oil is very promising both in antimicrobial action as antioxidant activity and the leaf extracts on antioxidant activity.

关键词： Myrocarpus frondosus Allemao Antimicrobial Antioxidant

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Unsaturated Strength of Tage Tuff and Its Water Retention Drying Curve

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Zairyo/Journal of the Society of Materials science, Japan 2024年第3期73卷 212-219页

作者： Kotabe, Haruhiko Togashi, Yota Hatakeyama, Ken Osada, Masahiko Civil and Environmental Engineering Program Graduate School of Science and Engineering Saitama University Shimo-Okubo Sakura-ku Saitama338-8570 Japan Integrated Technical Support Center Research Organization Saitama University Shimo-Okubo Sakura-ku Saitama338-8570 Japan

Strength loss of sedimentary rocks due to water content changes is an important issue in the civil engineering field. Assuming disasters associated with rainfall and drying, it is important to identify unsaturated strength properties for gradually varying moisture contents. Water retention curves are needed to describe unsaturated strength properties. The high suction acting in the case of rock presents a challenge in identifying the suction. In particular, identifying the water retention drying path is difficult. This study propose a method to identify the drying paths using uniaxial compressive strength and tensile strength of Brazilian test. Uniaxial compression and Brazilian tests were performed on specimens with varying water content in the drying pass to investigate changes in their mechanical properties. Strength and stiffness were found to be approximately halved in the wet condition compared to the dry condition. Simplified Mohr-Coulomb failure criteria are also identified using uniaxial compressive and tensile strength. The cohesion decreases with increasing water content, while the angle of shear resistance is independent of changes in water content. Suction at each saturation level was back-analyzed using the detected cohesion and shear resistance angles to identify the water retention drying curve. The water retention drying curves identified were compared with the water retention wetting curve identified by another method to confirm the validity of the proposed method. ©2024 The Society of Materials science, Japan.

关键词： Sedimentary rocks

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Modeling the Regional Effects of Climate Change on Future Urban Ozone Air Quality in Tehran, Iran

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Mosadegh, Ehsan Ashrafi, Khosro Motlagh, Majid Shafiepour Babaeian, Iman Atmospheric Sciences Graduate Program University of Nevada RenoNV89557 United States Department of Environmental Engineering Graduate Faculty of Environment University of Tehran Tehran Iran Climate Research Institute Atmospheric Science and Meteorological Research Center Mashhad Iran

Quantifying the impact of climate change on future air quality is challenging in air quality studies. To investigate to what extent climate change can affect future summertime Ozone (O3) air quality in an urban area, the number of future exceedances of O3 air quality standards associated with regional climate change is projected by developing a statistical approach. An artificial neural network model is employed to simulate hourly O3 concentrations. The model is developed based on hourly observed values of temperature, solar radiation, nitrogen monoxide and nitrogen dioxide which are monitored during summers (June, July and August) of 2009–2012 at an urban air quality station in Tehran, Iran. Climate projections by HadCM3 GCM over the study area, driven by IPCC SRES A1B, A2 and B1 emission scenarios, are downscaled by LARS-WG5 model over the periods of 2015–2039 and 2040–2064. Further calculations are then performed to obtain future hourly temperature and solar radiation values by developing the future diurnal patterns of the variables in the study area. Future hourly O3 concentrations are then projected for five summers in each climate period. The projections are calculated by assuming that current emissions conditions of O3 precursors remain constant in the future. Therefore, only the impact of climate change on future O3 concentrations is investigated in this study. The employed O3 metrics include the number of days exceeding one-hour (1-hr) (120 ppb) and eight-hour (8-hr) (75 ppb) O3 standards and the number of days exceeding 8-hr Air Quality Index (AQI) in the study area. GCM simulations indicate that the surface temperature in the study area increases over all months of the year. The projected increases in solar radiation and decreases in precipitation in future summers along with summertime daily maximum temperature rise of about 1.2 ∘C and 3 ∘C in the first and second climate periods respectively are some indications of more favorable condition for O3 format

关键词： Air quality

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Development of robotic multisensor inspection system for used nuclear fuel canisters

Development of robotic multisensor inspection system for use...

引用

2016 Transactions of the American Nuclear Society, ANS 2016

作者： Lissenden, C.J. Motta, A.T. Brennan, Sean Reichard, Karl Jovanovic, I. Knight, T. Popovics, J. Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics Pennsylvania State University PA16802 United States Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering Pennsylvania State University PA16802 United States Applied Research Laboratory Pennsylvania State University PA16802 United States Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Nuclear Engineering Graduate Program University of South Carolina ColumbiaSC29208 United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-ChampaignIL61801 United States

Dry storage of used nuclear fuel is an integral part of the fuel cycle and methods to inspect the canisters that confine the used fuel rods are being established. The challenges for inspection systems include geometric constraints, elevated temperature, and radiation. A novel robotic inspection system focusing on stress corrosion cracking capable of in-situ surface composition characterization and crack detection is under development. The delivery system, laser induced breakdown spectroscopy for surface composition, and ultrasonic guided waves for crack detection are summarized herein.

关键词： Crack detection

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The Effects of Audible Sound for Enhancing the Growth Rate of Microalgae Haematococcus pluvialis in Vegetative Stage

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HAYATI Journal of Biosciences 2017年第3期24卷 149-155页

作者： Christwardana, Marcelinus Hadiyanto, H. Center of Biomass and Renewable Energy (C-BIORE) Department of Chemical Engineering Diponegoro University Jl Prof. H. Soedarto SH Tembalang 50275 Semarang Indonesia Graduate School of Energy and Environment Department of New Energy Engineering Seoul National University of Science and Technology 232 Gongneung-ro Nowon-gu 01811 Seoul South Korea Department of Chemical Engineering Diponegoro University Jl Prof. H. Soedarto SH Tembalang 50275 Semarang Indonesia Master Program of Environmental Science School of Postgraduate Studies Diponegoro University Jl Imam Bardjo SH No 3 50241 Semarang Indonesia

Physico-stimulant like audible sound is one of the new promising methods for enhancing microalgae growth rate. Here, microalgae Haematococcus pluvialis was cultivated with the addition of audible sound with titles “Blues for Elle” and “Far and Wide.” The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of audible sound to the growth and productivity of microalgae. The experiment has been conducted by exposing the audible sound for 8 h in 22 days to microalgae cultivation. The result showed that microalgae H. pluvialis treated by the music “Blues for Elle” shows the highest growth rate (0.03 per day), and 58% higher than the one without audible sound. The average number of cells in stationary phase is 0.76 × 10⁴ cells/mL culture and the productivity is 3.467 × 10² cells/mL/day. The pH of microalgae medium slightly decreases because of proton production during photosynthesis process. The kinetic rate constant (k_app) is 0.078 per day, reaction half-life (t_1/2) is 8.89 days, and catalytic surface (K_surf) is 1.66 × 10⁻⁵/day/cm². In conclusion, this audible sound is very useful to stimulate microalgae growth rate, especially H. pluvialis. © 2017 Institut Pertanian Bogor

关键词： audible sound biomass productivity growth rate Haematococcus pluvialis

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Influence of the Corrosion Degree of Hot-Dipped Galvanized Reinforcements on its Bond Strength to Concrete

SSRN

引用

SSRN 2024年

作者： da Fonsêca, Márcia Suzanna Dutra Abreu Borges Meira, Gibson Rocha The Civil and Environmental Engineering of Federal University of Paraíba João Pessoa Brazil The Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of Paraíba João Pessoa Brazil The Civil and Environmental Engineering Post-graduate Program of Federal University of Paraíba João Pessoa Brazil

This work studies the behavior of hot-dipped galvanized steel against chloride corrosion and its effect on its bond strength to concrete. Two steel diameters were adopted and bond strength was assessed using a standardized pull-out test, followed by measuring different degrees of corrosion. The results show that the initial corrosion of hot-dipped galvanized steel, due to the high alkalinity of fresh concrete, does not affect the structural performance of reinforced concrete and that galvanized steel has superior bond strength to concrete than non-galvanized steel for small corrosion rates. However, it decreases as the corrosion degree significantly increases. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Reinforced concrete

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Utilization of Recycled Rayon Waste-Kapok Mixture (RRWK) as a sorbent for oil removal

Utilization of Recycled Rayon Waste-Kapok Mixture (RRWK) as ...

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International Conference on Systems and Electronic engineering(ICSEE’2012);International Conference on Civil and Architectural applications (ICCAA’2012);International Conference on Advances in Electrical and Mechanical engineering(ICAEME’2012);International Conference on Business,Finance and Geography(ICBFG’2012);International Conference on Ecology,Agriculture and Chemical engineering(ICEACS’2012);International Conference on Biotechnology,Biological and Biosystems engineering(ICBBBE’2012)

作者： Chaowalit Senanurakwarkul Panadda Kongsricharoen Darathip Pejprom Sutha Khaodhiar Supawan Tantayanon Technopreneurship and Innovation Management program Graduate School Chulalongkorn University Department of Environmental Engineering Chulalongkorn University Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University Center of Petroleum and Advanced Material Chulalongkorn University Technopreneurship and Innovation Management Graduate School Chulalongkorn University

The aim of this study was to investigate the utilization of a recycled rayon waste-kapok mixture as an oil sorbent for the removal of diesel and motor oil. The oil-sorption capacity of the materials under static conditions was evaluated. The results show the high sorption capacity of the recycled rayon waste-kapok mixture for both diesel and motor oil after 15 minutes (14.30 g of oil/g of sorbent for diesel oil and 24.17 g of oil/g of sorbent for motor oil) and after 24 hours (15.30 g of oil/g of sorbent for diesel oil and 25.05 g of oil/g of sorbent for motor oil). It can be concluded that RRWK, which can be produced by utilizing industrial waste, is an effective low cost, environmentally friendly oil sorbent with comparable performance to commercial products.

关键词： Recycled rayon waste-kapok mixture, oil sorbent

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Challenges and opportunities for third-generation ethanol production:A critical review

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engineering Microbiology 2023年第1期3卷 22-36页

作者： Caroline Müller Thamarys Scapini Alan Rempel Ederson Rossi Abaide Aline Frumi Camargo Mateus Torres Nazari Viviani Tadioto Charline Bonatto Marcus Vinícius Tres Giovani Leone Zabot Luciane Maria Colla Helen Treichel Sérgio Luiz Alves Jr Laboratory of Yeast Biochemistry Federal University of Fronteira SulCampus ChapecóSC 484Km 2ChapecóSCBrazil Laboratory of Microbiology and Bioprocess Environmental Science and TechnologyFederal University of Fronteira SulCampus ErechimRS 135200ErechimRSBrazil Graduate Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Passo FundoBR 285Passo FundoRSBrazil Department of Chemical Engineering Federal University of Santa Maria1000Roraima AvenueSanta MariaRS 97105-900Brazil Laboratory of Agroindustrial Processes Engineering Federal University of Santa Maria1040Sete de Setembro st.Cachoeira do SulRSBrazil

In recent decades,third-generation(3G)biofuels have become a more attractive method of fuel production,as algae cultivation does not infringe on resources needed for food ***,algae can adapt to different environments,has high photosynthetic efficiency(CO_(2)fixation),and has a high potential for carbohydrate *** prevalence of algae worldwide demonstrates its ability to adapt to different environments and climates,proving its biodiversity and *** can be grown in wastewater,seawater,and even sewage,thus ensuring a lower water footprint and greater energy efficiency during algal biomass *** of this,the optimization of 3G ethanol production appears to be an excellent alternative to mitigate environmental impacts and increase energy and food *** critical review presents(i)the stages of cultivation and processing of micro and macroalgae;(ii)the selection of yeasts(through engineering and/or bioprospecting)to produce ethanol from these biomasses;(iii)the potential of seawater-based facilities to reduce water footprint;and(iv)the mass and energy balances of 3G ethanol production in the world energy *** article is,above all,a brainstorm on the environmental viability of algae bioethanol.

关键词： Algae ethanol Biomass Energy balance Seawater Water footprint Yeasts

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Thermophysical properties of PuO2 and AmO2 solid solutions simulated by molecular dynamics

Thermophysical properties of PuO2 and AmO2 solid solutions s...

引用

2007 MRS Fall Meeting

作者： Seetawan, Tosawat Khuangthip, Thaweewat Amornkitbamrung, Vittaya Kurosaki, Ken Adachi, Jun Katayama, Masahito Charoenphakdee, Anek Yamanaka, Shinsuke Program of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University 680 Nittayo Road Sakon Nakhon 47000 Thailand Integrated Nanotechnology Research Center Departments of Physics Khon Kaen 123 Mittraparb Road Muang District Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand Division of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering Graduate School Osaka University 2-1 Yamadaoka Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781605606248

PuO2 and AmO2 solid solutions: (Pu, Am)O2 are one of the candidates of fuels in a sub-critical accelerator-driven system (ADS). To understand the fuel performance, the thermophysical properties such as thermal conductivity and heat capacity are quite important. However, it is very hard to experimentally determine the physical properties of plutonium as well as americium compounds due to their handling-difficulties. Molecular dynamics (MD) would be a specific method to describe the physical properties of such materials. In the present study, we have investigated thermophysical properties of PuO2, AmO2, and their solid solutions in the temperature range from 300 to 2,500 K. The lattice parameter, compressibility, heat capacity, linear thermal expansion coefficient, and thermal conductivity were evaluated. A Morse-type potential function added to the Busing-Ida type potential was employed as the potential for interatomic interactions. The calculated lattice parameters of (Pu, Am)O2 obeyed Vegard's law, and the values increased with temperature. The heat capacities of (Pu, Am)O 2 were similar in any compositions. The thermal conductivities of (Pu, Am)O2 were lower than those of PuO2 and AmO 2, indicating that a point-defect scattering effect of phonons could be realized in the MD calculations. © 2008 Materials Research Society.

关键词： Solid solutions

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