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Associations between parental and postnatal metal mixture exposure and developmental delays in a Taiwanese longitudinal birth cohort of preschool children

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environmental science and Pollution Research 2023年第55期30卷 117360-117372页

作者： Kao, Chi-Sian Fan, Yen-Tzu Wang, Ying-Lin Chen, Yi-Hua Chao, Hsing-Jasmine Lo, Yu-Chun Jiang, Chuen-Bin Chien, Ling-Chu School of Public Health College of Public Health Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Neuroscience Research Center Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Program in Medical Neuroscience College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition MacKay Children’s Hospital Taipei Taiwan Department of Medicine MacKay Medical College New Taipei City Taiwan Nutrition Research Center Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei Taiwan

Studies have evaluated the impact of environmental exposure to neurotoxic metals on developmental delays (DDs). However, comprehensive understanding regarding the associations between parental and postnatal exposure to metal mixtures and the occurrence of DDs in offspring is limited. In this study, we assessed the relationships between parental and postnatal exposure to three metals (arsenic [As], cadmium [Cd], and lead [Pb], levels of which were measured in toenails) and suspected DDs (SDDs) in preschool children within a Taiwanese longitudinal birth cohort. In total between 2017 and 2021, 154 pairs of parents and their children under the age of 6 years were recruited, and 462 toenail samples and 154 completed questionnaires were collected. Metal concentrations in toenails were quantified using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry after acid digestion of the toenails. We applied multivariable logistic regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression to evaluate the overall effect and to identify key components of the metal mixture that were associated with the SDD risk. Higher concentrations of As, Cd, and Pb were found in the toenails of the parents of children with SDDs compared with the toenails of the parents of children without SDDs. Our examination of the combined effects of exposure to the metal mixture revealed that As concentration in the father’s toenail and Cd concentration in the mother’s toenail were positively correlated with the risk of SDDs in their offspring. Notably, the effect of exposure to the metal mixture on the risk of SDDs was stronger in boys than in girls. Our findings suggest that parents taking measures to minimize their exposure to metals might enhance their children’s developmental outcomes. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

关键词： Arsenic

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Are regional precipitation-productivity relationships robust to decadal-scale dry period?

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2022年第4期15卷 711-720页

作者： Zhongmin Hu Minqi Liang Alan Knapp Jianyang Xia Wenping Yuan School of Geography South China Normal UniversityShipai CampusGuangzhou 510631China College of Ecology and Environment Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519082China Department of Biology and Graduate Degree Program in Ecology Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA Tiantong National Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station School of Ecological and Environmental SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China Institute of Eco-Chongming(IEC) Shanghai 200062China School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 519082China

Precipitation(PPT)is the primary climatic determinant of plant growth and aboveground net primary productivity(ANPP)for many of the world’s major terrestrial ***,relationships between PPT and productivity can provide insight into how changes in climate may alter ecosystem functions *** PPT–ANPP relationships for grasslands are found remarkably similar around the world,but whether and how they change during periods of extended climatic anomalies remain ***,we quantifed how regional-scale PPTANPP relationships vary between an extended wet and a dry period by taking advantage of a 35-year record of PPT and NDVI(as a surrogate for ANPP)at 1700 sites in the temperate grasslands of northern *** found a sharp decrease in the strength of the spatial PPT–ANPP relationship during an 11-year period of below average *** attributed the collapse of this relationship to asynchrony in the responses of different grassland types to this decadal period of increased *** results challenge the robustness of regional PPT–productivity if aridity in grasslands is increased globally by climate change.

关键词： grassland net primary productivity precipitation–productivity relation drought climate change NDVI

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D-SRGAN: DEM Super-Resolution with Generative Adversarial Networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Demiray, Bekir Z. Sit, Muhammed Demir, Ibrahim Department of Computer Science University of Iowa Iowa City United States Graduate Program in Informatics University of Iowa Iowa City United States Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering University of Iowa Iowa City United States

—LIDAR (light detection and ranging) is an optical remote-sensing technique that measures the distance between sensor and object, and the reflected energy from the object. Over the years, LIDAR data has been used as the primary source of Digital Elevation Models (DEMs). DEMs have been used in a variety of applications like road extraction, hydrological modeling, flood mapping, and surface analysis. A number of studies in flooding suggest the usage of high- resolution DEMs as inputs in the applications improve the overall reliability and accuracy. Despite the importance of high-resolution DEM, many areas in the United States and the world do not have access to high-resolution DEM due to technological limitations or the cost of the data collection. With recent development in Graphical Processing Units (GPU) and novel algorithms, deep learning techniques have become attractive to researchers for their performance in learning features from high-resolution datasets. Numerous new methods have been proposed such as Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) to create intelligent models that correct and augment large-scale datasets. In this paper, a GAN based model is developed and evaluated, inspired by single image super-resolution methods, to increase the spatial resolution of a given DEM dataset up to 4 times without additional information related to data. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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Electromagnetic Optimization Based on Gaussian Crow Search Approach

Electromagnetic Optimization Based on Gaussian Crow Search A...

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2018 International Symposium on Power Electronics, Electrical Drives, Automation and Motion, SPEEDAM 2018

作者： Dos Santos Coelho, Leandro Klein, Carlos Eduardo Mariani, Viviana Cocco Do Nascimento, Carlos Augusto Richter Askarzadeh, Alireza PUCPR Industrial and Systems Eng. Graduate Program PPGEPS Federal University of Parana UFPR Department of Electrical Engineering DEE/PPGEE Pontifical Catholic University of Parana Curitiba PR Brazil PUCPR Mechanical Engineering Graduate Program PPGEM Curitiba Pontifical Catholic University of Parana PR Brazil Department of Energy Management and Optimization Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences Graduate University of Advanced Technology Kerman Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9781538649411

Metaheuristic algorithms have provided efficient tools to designers by which it became possible to determine the optimum solutions of optimization problems encountered in several fields such as engineering, finance and computation. Generally metaheuristics are based on metaphors that are taken from nature or some other processes. Recently, an optimization metaheuristic paradigm based on the social behavior of the crows, called crow search algorithm (CSA), has been proposed. The idea of CSA is motivated from the storing process of the excess food in hiding places then restoring it in the necessary time. The CSA has many favorable characteristics, such as ease of implementation, the need to adjust only a few parameters, a favorable balance between search diversification and intensification, and fast convergence and high sensitivity. However, to enhance the performance of the standard CSA approach, this paper proposes to tune the control parameters using population diversity information and normal (Gaussian) probability distribution function. Loney's solenoid benchmark and circular antenna array design problems are used to evaluate the effectiveness of the conventional CSA and the proposed variant. Simulation results and comparisons with the CSA demonstrated that the performance of the proposed MCSA approach is promising in electromagnetics optimization. © 2018 IEEE.

关键词： Optimization

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Evaluating the microbial environment aboard the ISS to enable an optimized microbiome for deep space human exploration 69

Evaluating the microbial environment aboard the ISS to enabl...

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69th International Astronautical Congress: #InvolvingEveryone, IAC 2018

作者： Dannemiller, Karen C. Horack, John M. Meyer, Marit Stoll, Norbert Stoll, Regina Fleischer, Heidi Schwartz, Mariah Newton, Elizabeth K. Haines, Sarah R. Bope, Ashleigh Ohio State University College of Engineering ColumbusOH43210 United States Ohio State University College of Public Health ColumbusOH43210 United States Battelle Center for Science Engineering and Public Policy Ohio State University John Glenn Collegeof Public Affairs ColumbusOH43210 United States NASA/Glenn Research Center ClevelandOH43210 United States UniversitÓ"t Rostock Center for the Automation of the Life Sciences Rostock18055 Germany Ohio State University Environmental Science Graduate Program ColumbusOH43210 United States

The recent advent of high-throughput DNA sequencing technologies has allowed for unprecedented insight into various microbiomes, including those on occupied spacecraft. However, no standards currently exist to characterize a â€œhealthyâ€¥ or â€œunhealthyâ€¥ microbial community in this environment. This paper describes methods that can be used in the future to characterize and identify microbial communities and functions in dust found aboard the International Space Station. Chamber studies can be used to consider the impact of moisture on population dynamics that could occur in long-duration spaceflight. This can be coupled with DNA sequence-based approaches to characterize microbial communities under different environmental conditions. In addition to the biological information derived, we can also elucidate valuable engineering-design information which can lead to the future development of microbial standards for spacecraft, to avoid microbial-induced hardware corrosion as was seen on the space station Mir. In addition to mitigating exposure to unhealthy organisms, this knowledge will lead to the determination of criteria for curating a healthy spacecraft microbiome in future long-duration human spaceflight. This may be more sustainable than relying on sterilization to avoid pathogens or other unwanted microbes. Eventually, operating as a long-term, completely automated â€œMicrobial Observatory,â€¥ these results will provide a long-baseline approach to learning how these microbial communities in low-gravity, higher radiation, and closed-loop environments may influence crew health, with applicability to terrestrial environments such as submarines, aircraft and ships. Finally, we assess how to develop improved microbial clearance protocols that are more relevant to astronaut health, planetary protection, and spacecraft integrity. Copyright © 2018 by the International Astronautical Federation (IAF). All rights reserved.

关键词： Microorganisms

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Assessment of Paleo-hydrology and Paleo-inundation Conditions: The Process

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Procedia environmental sciences 2014年 20卷 747-752页

作者： Pingping Luo Kaoru Takara Bin He Weili Duan Apip Daniel Nover Watanabe Tsugihiro Kenichi Nakagami Izumi Takamiya Disaster Prevention Research Institute (DPRI) Kyoto University Gokasho Uji-shi Kyoto 611-0011 Japan Department of Civil and Earth Resources Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Kyoto University Kyoto Japan AAAS Science and Technology Policy Fellow U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Global Change Research Program Washington D.C. WA USA Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies Kyoto University Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan Graduate School of Policy Science & College of Policy Science Ritsumeikan University Kyoto Japan Faculty of Literature Arts and Cultural Studies Kinki University Osaka Japan

Paleo-hydrology is an important study which simulates the historical hydrology at the lack of observed period, calibrated at the present period and predicted the future hydrological condition. The study of paleo-hydrology is to obtain the historical evidence for the present hydrology and improve the accuracy of the statistical analysis and the prediction modeling assessment. Paleo-inundation assessment is the study of historical inundation under flood events which occurred prior to direct measurement of hydrologic parameters using modern methods. The ultimate objectives of this study were to estimate paleo-inundation under extreme floods using historical literature and incomplete data records. This paper focused on an application of estimating historical inundation conditions under paleo-floods using modern technologies at the river basin scale.

关键词： Paleo-inundation Paleo-hydrology Nile River basin Flo-2D flood risk management

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Transforming K-12 education via the collaborative large-scale engineering analysis network for environmental research (CLEANER) project

Transforming K-12 education via the collaborative large-scal...

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113th Annual ASEE Conference and Exposition, 2006

作者： Eschenbach, Elizabeth Johnson, James H. Brus, Chris Carlson, Patricia Giammar, Dan Grauer, Bette Hotaling, Liesl Oguntimein, Gbekeloluwa Safferman, Steven Wentling, Tim Humboldt State University United States Department of Environmental Resources Engineering Humboldt State University United States Howard University United States Department of Environmental Engineering College of Engineering Architecture and Computer Sciences Howard University United States Board of Scientific Counselors Executive Committee U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development United States EPA's Science Advisory Board Department of Energy-sponsored HBCU/MI Environmental Technology Consortium Board Environmental Studies and Toxicology and the Engineering Council of the American Society for Engineering Education United States University of Iowa United States Program University of Iowa United States Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology United States Department of Rhetoric Rose-Hulman Institute ot Technology U.S. Air Forcer United States Army's Aberdeen Proving Ground NASA's Classroom of the Future Wheeling WV United States Washington University United States Department of Civil Engineering Washington University St. Louis United States Environmental Engineering Science Program Center for Materials Innovation United States McPherson High School United States McPherson High School McPherson KS United States Stevens Institute of Technology United States Stevens Institute of Technology United States Morgan State University United States Michigan State University United States Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Department Michigan State University United States University of Dayton United States U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development United States National Center for Supercomputing Applications United States Department of Information Science Graduate School of Library and Information Science National Center for Supercomputing Applications University of Illinois United States

The Collaborative Large-scale engineering Analysis Network for environmental Research (CLEANER) Project Office has been established with funding from the National science Foundation (NSF) to the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (UIUC) and a coalition of 11 other institutions. The project office is coordinating the creation of a strategic plan consisting of research, cyberinfrastructure, and education plans that set forth a roadmap for the collaborative engineering analysis network for the study of environmental problems. This report will be completed by July 2007 and requires input from K-12 educators, administrators and other stakeholders in K-12 education. This paper describes the CLEANER project, provides an example of the CLEANER Education Committee's vision for the K-12 area and lists contacts for further information. The intention of this paper is to elicit input from the K-12 engineering education community, including K-12 educators, on how the CLEANER Education Plan could better meet the future needs of K-12 students and educators © American Society for engineering Education, 2006.

关键词： engineering education

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Development of Artificial Intelligence-Based Model for Prediction of the Compressive Strength of Self-Compacting Concrete

SSRN

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SSRN 2021年

作者： Ly, Hai-Bang Pham, Binh Thai Nguyen, Thuy-Anh Nguyen, May Huu Civil Engineering Department University of Transport Technology 54 Trieu Khuc Thanh Xuan Hanoi100000 Viet Nam Civil and Environmental Engineering Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University 1-4-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima739-8527 Japan

This study investigated the usability of an artificial neural network model (ANN) and the Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) method for predicting the compressive strength of self-compacting concrete (SCC). The ANN-GWO model was developed using an experimental database of 115 samples obtained from various sources considering nine key factors of SCC. The validation of the proposed model was evaluated via six indices including correlation coefficient, mean squared error, mean absolute error, IA, Slope, and mean absolute percentage error. In addition, the importance of each parameter affecting the compressive strength of SCC was investigated utilizing partial dependence plots. The findings demonstrated that the proposed ANN-GWO model is a reliable predictor of SCC compressive strength. Following that, an examination of the parameters impacting the compressive strength of SCC was provided. © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Compressive strength

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PET-derived bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate as a new linker source for solvent-free and hydrothermal synthesis of BDC-based MOFs

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Materials Today Nano 2024年 25卷

作者： Krisbiantoro, Philip Anggo Kuo, Tzu-Jung Chang, Yu-Chia Liao, Weisheng Sun, Jih-Peng Yang, Chun-Yen Kamiya, Yuichi Shieh, Fa-Kuen Chen, Chia-Chin Wu, Kevin C.-W Molecular Science and Technology Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Faculty of Environmental Earth Science Hokkaido University Nishi 5 Kita 10 Kita-ku Sapporo060-0810 Japan Department of Chemistry National Central University Taoyuan32001 Taiwan Center of Atomic Initiative for New Materials National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Yuan Ze University Chung-Li Taoyuan Taiwan

To date, the high cost of organic linkers and the energy-consuming synthesis processes remain two of the main challenges for the commercialization of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). Herein, we demonstrate that polyethylene terephthalate (PET)-derived bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET) is a new linker source that enables the facile solvent-free and hydrothermal synthesis of BDC-based MOFs. Using BHET as a linker source, UiO-66(Zr) was rapidly synthesized via a solvent-free "grind and bake" technique, while Ca-BDC and Ba-BDC were easily obtained by using hydrothermal synthesis. We found that the hydrolysis of BHET to terephthalate anion (BDC2−) over proton produced from the hydrolysis/clustering of Zr precursor and hydroxyl anion produced from the dissolution of M(OH)2 (M = Ca or Ba) was the key to the crystal growth of solvent-free synthesized UiO-66(Zr) and hydrothermally synthesized M-BDC (M = Ca or Ba), respectively. While the as-synthesized UiO-66(Zr) was highly active for the esterification of lactic acid (LA) with ethanol (EtOH), Ca-BDC and Ba-BDC exhibited remarkable electrochemical performance for lithium storage. Our strategy provides a major step towards realizing the idea of a more facile, green, and low-cost synthesis of PET-derived MOFs compared to prior arts applicable for catalysis and energy applications. © 2024

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries

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Plugging Effect of Fine Pore Water in Opc and LC3 Paste During Accelerated Carbonation Monitored Via Single-Sided Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Cheng, Luge Kurihara, Ryo Ohkubo, Takahiro Kitagaki, Ryoma Suda, Yuya Teramoto, Atsushi Maruyama, Ippei Department of Architecture Graduate School of Engineering The University of Tokyo Tokyo113-8656 Japan Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology Graduate School of Engineering Chiba University Chiba263-8522 Japan Division of Human Environmental Systems Graduate School of Engineering Hokkaido University Sapporo060-8628 Japan Department of Architecture Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Hiroshima739-8527 Japan Civil Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering University of the Ryukyus Okinawa903-0213 Japan Nagoya University Japan

This study focuses on the investigation of the influence of CO2 concentration on the carbonation process in cementitious paste using ordinary Portlandite cement and limestone-calcined clay cement, specifically on the water content distribution. Employing single-sided nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for water profiling, we revealed that the water content of fine pores (interlayer space and gel pores) was consistent at the carbonation front under accelerated carbonation processes with CO2 concentrations of 5% and 1%, demonstrating the plugging effect where fine pore water governs the carbonation progress. This effect was absent under natural carbonation conditions because of the carbonation process was slower than drying. It was confirmed that the rate-determining mechanisms of natural and accelerated carbonation with CO2 concentrations greater than 1% were different. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Carbonation

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