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Teaching the concept of adaptive thermal comfort in building design education

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Teaching the concept of adaptive thermal comfort in building...

16th Conference of the International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate: Creative and Smart Solutions for Better Built Environments, Indoor Air 2020

作者： Teli, Despoina Hellwig, Runa T. Schweiker, Marcel Choi, Joon-Ho Lee, M.C. Jeffrey Mora, Rodrigo Rawal, Rajan Wang, Zhaojun Al-Atrash, Farah Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering Chalmers University Sweden Department of Architecture Design and Media Technology Aalborg University Denmark Institute for Occupational Social and Environmental Medicine RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany Building Science School of Architecture University of Southern California United States Department of Interior Design National Taichung University of Science and Technology Taiwan Building Science Graduate Program British Columbia Institute of Technology Canada Centre for Advanced Research in Building Science and Energy CEPT University India School of Architecture Harbin Institute of Technology China School of Architecture and Built Environment German Jordanian University Jordan

ISBN: (纸本)9781713823605

Traditional building design education in the disciplines of building services, civil engineering, mechanical engineering, etc. focusses on quantifiable factors, i.e. factors which can be subject of calculation, simulation and dimensioning. Since non-quantifiable factors are not part of calculation or simulation models, there is a tendency that they are not adequately considered in education and, as a result, in building planning and operation. In the case of human thermal comfort, building professionals are required to understand the mechanisms and impact of non-quantifiable factors related to human thermal comfort and health, most of which are part of the adaptive thermal comfort concept. This paper identifies the challenges in teaching the concept of adaptive thermal comfort through a collection of lived experiences of the authors. The paper then proposes appropriate intended learning outcomes and teaching methods to equip students with the background knowledge, understanding and skills required to consider human adaptation in their designs. © 2020 16th Conference of the International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate: Creative and Smart Solutions for Better Built Environments, Indoor Air 2020. All rights reserved.

关键词： Students

Countering the effects of urban green gentrification through nature-based solutions: A scoping review

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Nature-Based Solutions 2024年 5卷

作者： Bressane, Adriano Pinto, Joao Pedro da Cunha Medeiros, Líliam César de Castro São Paulo State University (UNESP) Institute of Science and Technology São José dos Campos city Brazil Graduate Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering São Paulo State University (UNESP) Brazil

Statement of problem: Green gentrification is an emerging issue, where Urban green space (UGS) upgrades lead to higher living costs, displacing lower-income residents, raising concerns about accessibility, sustainability, and equity. This phenomena challenges the inclusive and equitable development of urban environments. Purpose: Through an integrative analysis of existing literature, this study aims to address a significant gap in current research by exploring how Nature-Based Solutions (NbS) can more effectively counteract the adverse effects of UGS gentrification. Method: Utilizing a scoping literature review, the research analyzes articles from 2015 to 2024 to synthesize insights for a more equitable urban development. Results: Findings reveal diverse lessons learned and strategies for countering green gentrification across different urban settings worldwide. However, a significant number of studies predominantly focus on the Global North, primarily in Europe and North America, which may lead to a regional bias. Practical implications: The results provide insights for policymakers, urban planners, and communities, guiding the creation of more inclusive and sustainable urban green spaces. Future directions: Further research should focus on developing quantitative metrics to evaluate the effectiveness of NbS in mitigating urban gentrification and expanding the geographic focus to include more underrepresented regions. © 2024 The Author(s)

关键词： environmental justice Green gentrification Nature-based solutions Review Urban greening

Rheology and 3d Printing of Alginate Bio-Stabilized Earth Concrete

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Maierdan, Yierfan Armistead, Samuel J. Mikofsky, Rebecca A. Huang, Qiqi Ben-Alon, Lola Srubar, Wil V. Kawashima, Shiho Columbia University Department of Civil Engineering and Engineering Mechanics New YorkNY10027 United States Columbia University Graduate School of Architecture Planning and Preservation New YorkNY10027 United States University of Colorado Boulder Department of Civil Environmental and Architectural Engineering United States University of Colorado Boulder Materials Science and Engineering Program United States

Driven by the need for sustainable construction solutions, there is renewed interest in earth-based materials. Biopolymer stabilizers can enhance the rheological and structural properties of these materials to facilitate their use in 3D printing. This research examined the influence of sodium alginate on the stability, particle interaction, rheology, and 3D printability of kaolinite, a commonly found clay mineral in soils deemed suitable for construction. Findings revealed that sodium alginate could boost electrostatic interactions to enhance the stability of kaolinite suspensions. This rise in repulsive potential energy also reduced storage modulus and yield stress by orders of magnitude. However, as the alginate content increased beyond its cross-linking concentration (0.12% - 0.6%), a reverse trend was observed, which was attributed to the formation of a three-dimensional polymer network. Furthermore, alginate addition shifted the "printability window" of kaolinite suspensions to mixtures with higher solid contents, which has positive implications on strength and shrinkage. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Biomolecules

Waste Valorization from Brazilian Nepheline Syenite Processing as a Strategic Approach to Advancing the Circular Economy

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Santos, Diego Haltiery Rosa, Laura Pereira Alves, Cleidson Rosa Simão, Lisandro Arcaro, Sabrina Klegues Montedo, Oscar Rubem Raupp-Pereira, Fabiano Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering University of the Extreme South of Santa Catarina Criciúma88806-000 Brazil Department of Civil Engineering Federal Institute of Santa Catarina Criciúma88813-600 Brazil Research Group on Sustainability and Waste Management Postgraduate Program in Environmental Technology University of Ribeirão Preto Ribeirão Preto14096-900 Brazil Brazil

The growing disparity between the high extraction of natural resources and low use of waste as alternative mineral resources will aggravate the scarcity of natural reserves. Therefore, the current linear economy model must be converted to sustainable economic models, such as the circular economy. To achieve this transition, it is important that waste recovery strategies are implemented with a continuous search for solutions for these materials. Thus, this study investigates the waste from the processing of nepheline syenite stone, to promote its valorization as an alternative mineral resource. The classification, potentiality, quantity/viability and applicability (CPQvA) criteria are used as tools to aid decision-making for the waste valorization. The environmental, physical, chemical, morphological, and durability characteristics of nepheline syenite waste (NSW) are analyzed. The results showed evidence for the substitution of NSW for up to 100% of fine aggregates and 25% of Portland cement in civil construction. Furthermore, NSW yields recoveries of more than 90% of potassium for use in agriculture, and up to 70% of iron ore for use in steelworks. Therefore, the results indicate that NSW is viable for different applications, contributing to industrial symbiosis and a strategy for advancing the circular economy. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Sustainable development

Quantitative Distribution of Antibiotic Resistance Genes and Crassphage in a Tropical Urbanized Watershed

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Sresung, Montakarn Srathongneam, Thitima Paisantham, Phongsawat Sukchawalit, Rojana Whangsuk, Wirongrong Honda, Ryo Satayavivad, Jutamaad Mongkolsuk, Skorn Sirikanchana, Kwanrawee Research Laboratory of Biotechnology Chulabhorn Research Institute Bangkok10210 Thailand Program in Applied Biological Sciences Chulabhorn Graduate Institute Chulabhorn Royal Academy Bangkok10210 Thailand OPS MHESI Bangkok Thailand Faculty of Geosciences and Civil Engineering Institute of Science and Engineering Kanazawa University Kanazawa Japan Research Laboratory of Pharmacology Chulabhorn Research Institute Bangkok10210 Thailand Program in Environmental Toxicology Chulabhorn Graduate Institute Chulabhorn Royal Academy Bangkok10210 Thailand

As antimicrobial resistance continues to pose a significant threat to global health, this study provided a focused examination of the prevalence and behavior of key antibiotic resistance genes in aquatic environments. We investigated the quantitative distribution of intI1, sul1, blaTEM, blaNDM, blaVIM, mcr-1, tetQ, and crAssphage within wastewater influents (n=12), effluents (n=12) and river water samples (n=12), from three municipal wastewater treatment plants and three river locations in an urbanized watershed in Central Thailand over dry and wet seasons. The qPCR method demonstrated that intI1, sul1, blaTEM, and tetQ were most abundant in all samples (6.12 – 7.89 mean log10copies/100 mL), with all genes consistently uniform levels across diverse locations, suggesting the potential for any site to act as a monitoring sentinel. Although there is a significant reduction of ARG concentrations by WWTPs, the persistence of these genes in effluents points to the limited effectiveness of existing treatment methodologies. Temporal data indicated stable ARG concentrations over time, but tetQ levels rose during the wet season, in alignment with the monsoonal climate in Thailand. Additionally, we identified crAssphage, a marker of human sewage contamination, exhibited strong correlations with the more abundant ARGs, implying that human waste contributes significantly to the environmental burden of ARGs. The results of this research highlight the widespread nature of ARGs in water systems and the need for improved treatment and sanitation strategies to mitigate the public health threat posed by antimicrobial resistance. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Effluents

Harnessing High-Level Hydrogen Sulfide Stress for Enhanced Biogas Utilization: Adaptive Resilience of a Mixed-Culture System

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Zhou, Yan Zhang, Baorui Liu, Jianbo Cai, Chen Interdisciplinary Graduate Program Nanyang Technological University 61 Nanyang Drive 637335 Singapore Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute Nanyang Technological University 1 Cleantech Loop Singapore637141 Singapore CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion Department of Environmental Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore639798 Singapore

Biogas, a heterogeneous mixture predominantly composed of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2), serves as a substrate for diverse microorganisms, including methanotrophs and microalgae, facilitating carbon sequestration, mitigating greenhouse gas emissions, and generating biomass for multifarious applications. However, the presence of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a common contaminant in biogas, can exert toxic effects on these microorganisms, potentially inhibiting their growth and metabolic processes. This study investigated the effects of H2S on a mixed-culture system utilizing a long-term continuous flow photobioreactor. The results demonstrated that the mixed-culture system could tolerate H2S concentration up to 1000 ppm without significant performance deterioration. Notably, when the mixed-culture system was exposed to a higher H2S concentration (5000 ppm) for an extended period of one month, the CH4 and CO2 utilization rates increased threefold. Furthermore, the primary byproduct, protein, constituted over 50% of the cell dry weight. Comprehensive analysis of the microbial community composition and metabolic pathways revealed adaptive shifts in response to H2S stress. In-depth analysis of functional genes indicated that the system possessed the capacity to adapt and maintain its functionality even under severe H2S stress. This study provides valuable insights into microbial and metabolic mechanisms underlying H2S resistance in a mixed culture, providing an opportunity for the establishment of an H2S-resistant biosystem for practical biogas transformation. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hydrogen sulfide

Solar desalination: A review of recent developments in environmental, regulatory and economic issues

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Solar Compass 2023年 5卷

作者： Goosen, Mattheus Mahmoudi, Hacene Alyousef, Yousef Ghaffour, Noreddine Office of Graduate Studies Research & Innovation Alfaisal University Riyadh Saudi Arabia Faculty of Technology Hassiba Benbouali University of Chlef Algeria Water Desalination & Reuse Center (WDRC) King Abdullah University of Science & Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Environmental Science & Engineering Program Biological & Environmental Science & Engineering (BESE) Division King Abdullah University of Science & Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia

The aim of the current study was to provide a review of recent developments in solar desalination from the viewpoint of environmental, regulatory, and economic aspects. The analysis attempted to give better insight into the larger question of why more solar desalination plants are not being established by reviewing different technologies, drivers, barriers, and markets. Critical barriers which were dependent on the level of regional development were found to be uncertainty of government subsidies and a lack of regulatory policies. A new tool called a Pareto frontier may be utilized to generate optimal points in complex scenarios with a high number of variables. This all-inclusive method should be employed in any major decision-making process. Furthermore, in exciting innovative research studies, a sustainable Janus wood evaporator was developed that overcame many of the current solar desalination problems. While subsidies were crucial in the growth of renewable energy programs, barriers in deployment of solar desalination systems still exist such as low electricity tariff structures and fragmented energy policies. The overall trend was towards integration of renewable energy with conventional sources and energy storage systems. © 2023 The Author(s)

关键词： Drivers and barriers Janus wood evaporator Level of development Markets and policies Pareto frontier Sustainability

Communicating science Through Press Releases to News Media: The Case Study of What Is Controlling the Fabled Water Clarity of Lake Tahoe

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Limnology and Oceanography Bulletin 2024年第2期33卷 73-76页

作者： Chandra, Sudeep Paerl, Hans W. Melack, John Lovejoy, Connie Priscu, John C. Bess, Zach Coil, John Goldman, Charles R. Brett, Michael T. Suenaga, Erin Nava, Veronica Global Water Center University of Nevada Reno NV United States Institute of Marine Sciences University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Morehead City NC United States Bren School of Environmental Science and Management University of California Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA United States Département de Biologie Québec Océan Université Laval Québec QC Canada Montana State University Bozeman MT United States Ecology Evolution and Conservation Biology Graduate Program University of Nevada Reno NV United States JC Oil Environmental Consulting Davis CA United States Tahoe Research Group University of California Davis Emeritus Davis CA United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Milano-Bicocca MI Milano Italy

Mitigation of municipal solid waste leachate contamination at Payatas, Metro Manila, Philippines: A technical proposal

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2006年第B8期25卷 122-122页

作者： Marvin Joseph Montefrio Kai Scene Ng Lee Yih Koh Erwin Torio Mark Hansley Chua Louernie de Sales-Papa Jeffrey Philip Obbard National University of Singapore Division of Environmental Science and Engineering Singapore University of the Philippines Environmental Engineering Graduate Program Quezon City Philippines