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IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (IGARSS)

作者： Sachi Perera Joshua B. Fisher Mohamed Allali Hesham El-Askary Computational and Data Sciences Graduate Program Schmid College of Science and Technology Chapman University Orange CA USA Earth Systems Science and Data Solution Lab Chapman University Orange CA USA Schmid College of Science and Technology Chapman University Orange CA USA Fowler School of Engineering Chapman University Orange CA USA Department of Environmental Sciences Faculty of Science Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt

ISBN: (数字)9798350360325

ISBN: (纸本)9798350360332

Heatwaves are influenced significantly by El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), which alters temperature and precipitation patterns throughout the world. Since 2020, we have witnessed a "triple dip" La Niña conditions persisting for three consecutive years resulting in severe weather and climate driven events globally. In this study, we identified the dominant frequency of Niño 3.4 Sea Surface Temperature (SST) signals and correlated them with regions experiencing unprecedented heat waves in 2022, namely, the Indian Ocean, the North Atlantic around England and Spain, and the Mediterranean Sea. The signal's power spectrum and its three highest power components are determined based on the signal's Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA) for each region. Furthermore, the power spectrum coherence (PSC) of Niño 3.4 and other study regions is obtained to determine whether ENSO and heatwaves are linked. We find that Niño 3.4 and the Indian Ocean have the same dominant frequency for the highest power received, indicating ENSO's influence on the Indian heat wave. Additionally, we discovered that in March 2022, the Jet stream is essential in bringing warm Arctic waves southward, passing through Niño 3.4 and India. Furthermore, we found that no other region shared the dominant frequency of the Niño 3.4 region.

关键词： Heating systems Couplings Sea surface Precipitation Surface waves Indian Ocean Geoscience and remote sensing

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Operational Characteristics of a Geologic CO2 Storage Bulk Energy Storage Technology 14

Operational Characteristics of a Geologic CO2 Storage Bulk E...

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14th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies, GHGT 2018

作者： Ogland-Hand, Jonathan D. Miranda, Marcos W. Bielicki, Jeffrey M. Adams, Benjamin M. Buscheck, Thomas A. Saar, Martin O. Environmental Science Graduate Program The Ohio State University 174 West 18th ColumbusOH43210 United States Department of Civil Environmental and Geodetic Engineering The Ohio State University 2070 Neil Avenue ColumbusOH43210 United States John Glenn College of Public Affairs The Ohio State University 1810 College Road ColumbusOH43210 United States Geothermal Energy and Geofluids Group Department of Earth Sciences ETH-Zurich Sonneggstrasse 5 Zurich8092 Switzerland Atmospheric Earth and Energy Division Physical and Life Sciences Directorate Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCA94550 United States

Carbon dioxide-Bulk Energy Storage (CO2-BES) is a bulk energy storage technology that uses carbon dioxide (CO2) in sedimentary basin geothermal resources to time-shift electricity production. Here, we investigated how the charging and discharging cycles affect the power storage capacity and power output capacity of a CO2-BES facility. We simulated the operation of CO2-BES with seven different operating cycles for fourteen years. Our results suggest that continuous charging and discharging cycles do not change the rate of heat depletion of the geothermal resource. But the power storage capacity and the power output capacity are affected because they rely on the magnitude of the overpressure. If, in a cycle, the duration of electricity dispatch is greater than the duration of electricity storage, overpressure may eventually deplete and a CO2-BES facility may cease to be operational. If idle periods where electricity is neither charged nor discharged are included in the cycle, there is a small increase in power output capacity and a small decrease in power storage capacity. In general, if electricity is dispatched and stored for equal amounts of time, the duration of dispatch/storage and of the idle period does not affect the power output capacity or the power storage capacity. As a result, as long as the cycles consist of equivalent charging and discharging durations throughout the lifetime of the facility, the length of those durations and frequency of idle periods could be based on financial incentives (e.g., diurnal variations in electricity prices), rather than process-level factors like the potential for heat or pressure depletion. © 2018 GHGT 2018 - 14th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies. All rights reserved.

关键词： Carbon dioxide

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Unleashing the Power of Nature: Eco-Friendly Mussel-Byssus-Inspired Pbs/Pbat Fishing Gear for Biodegradation by Marine Microbes

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Hong, Yuri Yang, Ho-Sung Lee, Min Hee Kim, Sinyang Park, Sung Bae Hwang, Sung Yeon Park, Jeyoung Koo, Jun Mo Oh, Dongyeop Hwang, Dong Soo Gyeongsangbuk-do Pohang37673 Korea Republic of Ulsan44429 Korea Republic of Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources Graduate School of Biotechnology Kyung Hee University Gyeonggi-do 17104 Korea Republic of Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Sogang University Seoul04107 Korea Republic of Department of Organic Materials Engineering Chungnam National University Daejeon34134 Korea Republic of Department of Polymer Science and Engineering and Program in Environmental and Polymer Engineering Inha University Incheon22212 Korea Republic of

Abstract Abandoned, lost, and discarded fishing gear (ALDFG) poses global challenges for marine ecosystems as they destroy algal forests, the largest oceanic carbon dioxide sinks. Biodegradable polybutylene succinate (PBS), which has a tensile toughness similar to that of nylon, has been suggested as a potential fishing-gear material. However, its slow degradation in the marine environment and limited draping characteristics need to be addressed before it can be used in environmentally friendly fishing gear. Inspired by the mussel byssus, a mussel-thread-like holdfast known for its stiff yet extensible mechanical properties, we developed fishing gear using a mussel-byssus-mimetic fiber (artificial byssus, AB) structure. The AB was composed of poly(butylene adipate-co-butylene terephthalate) (PBAT) fibers with favorable draping characteristics coated with mechanically resilient and PBS, which demonstrated sufficient toughness and draping properties for use in fishing gear. The AB may serve as fishing-gear material capable of mitigating ALDFG issues, given its marine degradability by microbial strains that degrade PBS and PBAT. Furthermore, it could serve as a substrate for ocean afforestation, given the improved settlement and growth of seaweed spores (Pyropia yezoensis) on AB. Overall, AB-based fishing gear is expected to enhance macroalgal forest conservation and expansion, and facilitate marine carbon capture through marine afforestation. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Butenes

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Development of an HV-CMOS active pixel sensor "AstroPix" for all-sky medium-energy gamma-ray telescopes 38

Development of an HV-CMOS active pixel sensor "AstroPix" for...

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38th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2023

作者： Suda, Yusuke Caputo, Regina Steinhebel, Amanda L. Fleischhack, Henrike Striebig, Nicolas Jadhav, Manoj Luz, Ricardo Violette, Daniel Kierans, Carolyn Tajima, Hiroyasu Fukazawa, Yasushi Leys, Richard Peric, Ivan Metcalfe, Jessica Negro, Michela Perkins, Jeremy S. Physics Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Hiroshima739-8526 Japan NASA Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMD United States Catholic University of America 620 Michigan Ave NE WashingtonDC20064 United States Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology NASA/GSFC GreenbeltMD20771 United States ASIC and Detector Laboratory Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe Germany Argonne National Laboratory LemontIL60440 United States Institute for Space Earth Environmental Research Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute for The Origin of Particles and the Universe Nagoya University Japan

All-sky medium-energy gamma-ray observations are essential to deepen our understanding of physics in extreme astronomical objects such as gamma-ray bursts and active galactic nuclei. Those observations are also highly needed to further develop multi-messenger astronomy. Next-generation all-sky MeV gamma-ray telescopes must have a large area detector and keep high sensitivities even in the energies in which Compton scattering is dominant. Having both a silicon tracker (scatterer) and a calorimeter (absorber) as the main detector is a promising configuration for such a space mission. In order to fulfill the requirements such as a large sensitive area, low noise, high energy/positional resolution, and low power, we have been developing an HV-CMOS active pixel sensor, AstroPix. In this contribution, we report performance evaluations of AstroPix such as I-V and noise, energy calibration/resolution/threshold, and depletion depth measurements. Current achievements as a sensor for next-generation all-sky MeV gamma-ray telescopes and future development will be discussed. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons.

关键词： CMOS integrated circuits

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Development of the solar-energized foodstuff drying system for urban communities 3

Development of the solar-energized foodstuff drying system f...

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3rd International Conference on Empathic Architecture, ICEA 2019

作者： Susanto, H. Setyobudi, R.H. Chan, Y. Nur, S.M. Yandri, E. Burlakovs, J. Asbanu, H. Nugroho, Y.A. Jani, Y. Department of Mechanical Engineering Darma Persada University Jl. Taman Malaka Selatan No.22 Jakarta13450 Indonesia Graduate School of Renewable Energy Darma Persada University Jakarta Indonesia Department of Agriculture Science Postgraduate Program University of Muhammadiyah Malang Jl. Raya Tlogomas No.246 Malang65145 Indonesia Department of Water Management Estonian University of Life Sciences Friedrich Reinhold Kreutzwaldi la Tartu51014 Estonia Division of Plant Production and Biotechnology PT SMART Tbk Bogor16810 Indonesia Department of Biology and Environmental Science Linnaeus University Stuvaregatan 4 KalmarSE-39231 Sweden

Urban in Indonesia, is no longer limited as a center of community settlement. Now the city also functions as a center of government, a central hierarchy, and a center of economic growth. As a logical consequence of the role of cities as a center of growth and economy, urban contributions to national economic growth are increasing. To overcome this problem, a portable conveyor of solar-energized drying system was designed. With the portable conveyor of solar-energized drying system, the dryer will be easily moved and flexible to use. The advantage of portable conveyor of solar-energized drying system is the drying process could be done continuously with a little human power. Therefore, this portable conveyor of solar-energized drying system is designed to use renewable energy sources. To examine the portable conveyor of solar-energized drying system, the foodstuff was used for a testing of ingredients. The portable conveyor of solar-energized drying system testing show that the amount of water content in the foodstuff reduced, the drying rate accelerate. In addition, the amount of heat energy needed for the drying process also reduced. Hence process of drying foodstuff more efficienct. © 2020 Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Drying

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Critical Review on the Abatement Of Endocrine Disrupting Compounds In Iron-Based Materials Catalyzed Persulfate Systems: Reactive Species, Reaction Mechanisms, and Perspectives

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Sun, Ye Huang, Ying Zheng, Shujie Chen, Haojia Yang, Yan Ji, Hongbing Han, Changseok School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry School of Environmental Science and Engineering Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou510006 China School of Environment Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study UCAS Hangzhou310024 China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology Guangxi University Nanning530004 China Synergy Innovation Institute of Guangdong University of Technology Shantou515041 China Department of Environmental Engineering INHA University Incheon22212 Korea Republic of Program in Environmental and Polymer Engineering Graduate School of INHA University Incheon22212 Korea Republic of

Persulfate-based advanced oxidation processes have emerged as promising technologies for mitigating endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) in wastewater treatment. Economically viable Fe-based materials with tailored properties have demonstrated significant efficacy in activating persulfate for the decomposition of EDCs through both radical-routes (•OH, SO4•−, and O2•−) and non-radical routes (1O2, surface activated PS complex, and high-valent Fe species). This review summarized the latest advancements in the persulfate activation mechanisms mediated by Fe-based materials, categorized by Fe valence states and the types of reactive species. Furthermore, it critically assesses the influence of active sites of Fe-based catalysts on persulfate activation pathways and summarizes the selective reaction of reactive species towards EDCs. Despite these advancements, several challenges persist in non-radical route-dominated persulfate activation, particularly regarding the impact of Fe-Fe distance on the reactive species and the catalytic role of Fe-based materials for reactions between inorganic ions and persulfate. This review proposes prospective research directions, provides design strategies, and expands the application of Fe-based materials in PS activation for effective EDC abatement in real situations. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Endocrine disrupters

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Understanding ADC variation by fat content effect using a dual-function MRI phantom

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European Radiology Experimental 2024年第1期8卷 19页

作者： Liu, Yi-Jui Tsai, Tung-Sheng Li, Ya-Hui Peng, Jo-Hua Chang, Hing-Chiu Peng, Hsu-Hsia Lee, Ying-Chieh Lee, Tung-Yang Liou, Chang-Hsien Lin, Tz-Feng Chew, Fatt-Yang Chou, Ruey-Hwang Juan, Chun-Jung Department of Automatic Control Engineering Feng Chia University Taichung Taiwan Ph.D. Program in Electrical and Communication Engineering Feng Chia University Taichung Taiwan Department of Medical Imaging China Medical University Hsinchu Hospital 199 Sec. 1 Xinglong Rd. Hsinchu County Zhubei City 302 Taiwan Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Biomedical Engineering Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Master’s Program of Biomedical Informatics and Biomedical Engineering Feng Chia University Taichung Taiwan Cheng Ching Hospital Taichung Taiwan Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Science National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Fiber and Composite Materials Feng Chia University Taichung Taiwan Department of Medical Imaging China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan Department of Radiology School of Medicine China Medical University Taichung Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences China Medical University Taichung 406 Taiwan Center for Molecular Medicine China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology Asia University Taichung Taiwan

Background: A dual-function phantom designed to quantify the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in different fat contents (FCs) and glass bead densities (GBDs) to simulate the human tissues has not been documented yet. We propose a dual-function phantom to quantify the FC and to measure the ADC at different FCs and different GBDs. Methods: A fat-containing diffusion phantom comprised by 30 glass-bead-containing fat-water emulsions consisting of six different FCs (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50%) multiplied by five different GBDs (0, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 g/50 mL). The FC and ADC were measured by the “iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least squares estimation-IQ,” IDEAL-IQ, and single-shot echo-planar diffusion-weighted imaging, SS-EP-DWI, sequences, respectively. Linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship among the fat fraction (FF) measured by IDEAL-IQ, GBD, and ADC. Results: The ADC was significantly, negatively, and linearly associated with the FF (the linear slope ranged from -0.005 to -0.017, R² = 0.925 to 0.986, all p < 0.001). The slope of the linear relationship between the ADC and the FF, however, varied among different GBDs (the higher the GBD, the lower the slope). ADCs among emulsions across different GBDs and FFs were overlapped. Emulsions with low GBDs plus high FFs shared a same lower ADC range with those with median or high GBDs plus median or lower FFs. Conclusions: A novel dual-function phantom simulating the human tissues allowed to quantify the influence of FC and GBD on ADC. Relevance statement: The study developed an innovative dual-function MRI phantom to explore the impact of FC on ADC variation that can affect clinical results. The results revealed the superimposed effect on FF and GBD density on ADC measurements. Key points: • A dual-function phantom made of glass bead density (GBD) and fat fraction (FF) emulsion has been developed. • Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values

关键词： Adipose tissue Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging Phantoms (imaging) Quality assurance (healthcare) Quality control

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Using spectrometry and photography to study color underwater

Using spectrometry and photography to study color underwater

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OCEANS

作者： Derya Akkaynak Eric Chan Justine J. Allen Roger T. Hanlon Joint Program in Oceanography Applied Ocean Science & Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Cambridge MA USA Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA US The Brown-MBL Graduate Biological and Environmental Sciences Providence RI USA Marine Biological Laboratory Woods Hole MA USA

Most underwater images are post-processed to look pleasing to human viewers. This often results in unrealistically saturated colors. Images taken for the purpose of studying color-sensitive topics such as marine animal coloration, must represent colors as accurately as possible and should not be arbitrarily enhanced. This first requires a transformation of colors from the camera color space to a device independent space. In this paper we present a method for transforming raw camera-RGB colors to a device independent space, optimizing this transformation for a particular underwater habitat. We have conducted an extensive study of the variation of color appearance underwater at a dive site in the Aegean Sea by taking 21 sets of spectrometry and irradiance readings with corresponding photographs of four different color standards. Spectral and photographic data were collected in the presence of natural daylight at various depths and under different weather conditions. In addition to the color charts, we have built a “habitat chart” to optimize this camera-specific transformation for a given dive site.

关键词： Image color analysis Cameras Lighting Sensitivity Humans Optical surface waves Optical sensors

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Mechanisms of Geologically Stored CO2 for Energy Storage

SSRN

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SSRN 2019年

作者： Ogland-Hand, Jonathan D. Bielicki, Jeffrey M. Environmental Science Graduate Program Ohio State University 174 West 18th ColumbusOH43210 United States Department of Civil Environmental and Geodetic Engineering Ohio State University 2070 Neil Avenue ColumbusOH43210 United States John Glenn College of Public Affairs Ohio State University 1810 College Road ColumbusOH43210 United States

关键词： Carbon dioxide

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Investigation of Cyanobacteria-Hosted Antibiotic Resistance in Drinking Water Sources from a Public Health Perspective

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Volk, Abigail Mills, Molly Chae, Soryong Lee, Jiyoung Division of Environmental Health Sciences College of Public Health The Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Environmental Sciences Graduate Program The Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of Cincinnati CincinnatiOH United States Department of Food Science & Technology The Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Infectious Diseases Institute The Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States

Cyanobacterial blooms are intensifying worldwide due to eutrophication and climate change. While traditionally, the focus has been on cyanotoxins, recent studies suggest a potential link between cyanobacteria and antibiotic resistance (AR), including hosting AR genes (ARGs) or promoting gene transfer. However, the role of cyanobacteria as ARG hosts and their contribution to environmental AR in drinking water sources remains largely unexplored. In this study, we examined cyanobacteria as ARG hosts within the broader microbiome context. Samples of drinking water sources were collected from Lake Erie and Grand Lake St. Marys (GLSM) between May and October 2022, both sites afflicted historically by blooms. Cyanobacterial genes and ARGs were quantified with DropletDigital™ PCR (ddPCR), while microcystin concentrations were quantified with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Shotgun metagenomic sequencing was employed to analyze the microbiome, with ARGs annotated using DeepARG and Resistance Gene Identifier. Although the alpha diversity and composition of the microbial communities were similar at both locations, the ddPCR and sequencing revealed elevated levels of Microcystis in Lake Erie and Planktothrix in GLSM. The ELISA results showed high microcystin concentrations in GLSM. Cyanobacteria were identified as potential hosts for ARGs, including genes such as rpoB2 and arlR. However, upon further examination, these genes are likely annotated on housekeeping genes and are considered false positives spurious hits. In addition, qac and OXA genes were also annotated, consistent with previous findings on NCBI BLAST in Cyanobacteria. Although cyanobacteria do not appear to be significant contributors to the resistome in these contexts, they may confer some antibiotic resistance. This study underscores the importance of continued monitoring of cyanobacteria within the broader microbiome and resistome, especially in drinking water sources with high contamination levels.

关键词： Lakes

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