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Perception of Disasters and Land Reclamation in an Informal Settlement on Reclaimed Land:Case of the BASECO Compound,Manila,the Philippines

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International Journal of Disaster Risk science 2020年第5期11卷 640-654页

作者： Ven Paolo Bruno Valenzuela Miguel Esteban Onuki Motoharu Graduate Program in Sustainability Science-Global Leadership Initiative The University of TokyoKashiwaChiba 277-8563Japan Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Waseda UniversityTokyo 169-8555Japan

Southeast Asia's coastal urban areas continue to grow,with land reclamation fast becoming an important option for megacities to address issues of economic growth and increasing population *** are divided over the advantages and disadvantages of land reclamation,though this process continues unabated,exposing settlements to coastal *** Bataan Shipping and engineering Company(BASECO)compound is an informal settlement on reclaimed land in Manila,the *** informal coastal settlements view disaster risk and their more pressing socioeconomic needs is crucial to understanding the potentials and repercussions of land *** a topographic survey,a questionnaire survey,and the protective action decision model,this study explored the perception of disasters and land reclamation of informal settlers who are living on reclaimed *** study found that people are aware of disaster risks,but are more concerned with everyday *** are divided on the issue of further land *** on the original non-reclaimed land view it as a coastal defense,while those on reclaimed land fear potential *** this,all locations in the community are concerned with the loss of jobs,economic opportunities,and eviction,rather than potential disasters.

关键词： Coastal hazards Flooding Informal settlements Land reclamation Philippines Risk perception Urbanization

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Front Cover: Potassium Carbonate as a Low-Cost and Highly Active Solid Base Catalyst for Low-Temperature Methanolysis of Polycarbonate (ChemSusChem 2/2025)

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ChemSusChem 2025年第2期18卷

作者： Tzu-Ming Lin Philip Anggo Krisbiantoro Miyu Sato Yu-Chia Chang Eduardo C. Atayde Dr. Weisheng Liao Prof. Yuichi Kamiya Dr. Ryoichi Otomo Prof. Kevin C.-W. Wu Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan Molecular Science and Technology Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan Graduate School of Environmental Science Hokkaido University Nishi 5 Kita 10 Kita-ku Sapporo 060-0810 Japan Department of Chemistry National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan Faculty of Environmental Earth Science Hokkaido University Nishi 5 Kita 10 Kita-ku Sapporo Japan Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Yuan Ze University Chung-Li Taoyuan Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering Chung Yuan Christian University Taoyuan City 320 Taiwan

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A Review on Landfill Management in the Utilization of Plastic Waste as an Alternative Fuel 2

A Review on Landfill Management in the Utilization of Plasti...

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2nd International Conference on Energy, environmental and Information System, ICENIS 2017

作者： Hidayah, Nurul Syafrudin Master Program of Environmental Science School of Post Graduate Studies Diponegoro University Indonesia Environmental Engineering Dept Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Indonesia

Wastes from landfills originate from many spheres of life. These are produces as a result of human activities either domestically or industrially. The global plastic production increased over years due to the vast applications of plastics in many sectors. The continuous demand of plastics caused the plastic wastes accumulation in the landfill consumed a lot of spaces that contributed to the environmental. In addition, economic growth and development also increased our demand and dependency on plastics which leads to its accumulation in landfills imposing risk on human health, animals and cause environmental pollution problems such as ground water contamination, sanitary related issues, etc. The management and disposal of plastic waste have become a major concern, especially in developing cities. The idea of waste to energy recovery is one of the promising techniques used for managing the waste of plastic. Hence, this paper aims review at utilizing of plastic as an alternative fuel. © 2018 The Authors, published by EDP sciences.

关键词： Groundwater

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Aquifer System, Recharge-Discharge Zone and Groundwater Basin Boundary Mapping to Support Open and Transparent Water Data, Case Study: Karangkobar Groundwater Basin 4

Aquifer System, Recharge-Discharge Zone and Groundwater Basi...

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4th International Conference on Energy, Environment, Epidemiology and Information System, ICENIS 2019

作者： Putranto, Thomas Triadi Luthfi, Muhammad Iman Qadaryati, Nurakhmi Santi, Narulita Hidajat, Wahju Krisna Geological Engineering Engineering Faculty Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Graduate Program of Environmental Science Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia

Sustainable groundwater management based on groundwater basin (GWB) must be equipped with comprehensive information including the characteristic of hydrogeology. This management method is very useful for governments to design some regulations, such as tax and conservation zone. Nowadays, not only the government but the public society can also have access to know this management. Open and transparent groundwater application needs sufficient data. Based on that issue, this research aims to provide the geological and hydrogeological conditions of GWB, define the aquifer configurations, and determine the groundwater recharge-discharge zones and the type of GWB boundary on Karangkobar GWB. The methods applied to the study are 1) mapping the geological and hydrogeological condition;2) reconstruction of subsurface stratigraphic condition;and 3) overlay four parameters of the recharge-discharge zone. The Karangkobar GWB consists of the unconfined and confined aquifer of High Plain Aquifer, where the groundwater flows from north and east heading southward and westward. Seven boundary types bounded the Karangkobar GWB. The map can also support the open and transparent water data application system, it will also ease the party that will conduct an assessment to design regulation regarding the groundwater management. © The Authors, published by EDP sciences, 2019.

关键词： Aquifers

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Sorption-enhanced steam gasification of fine coal waste for fuel producing

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Journal of King Saud University - engineering sciences 2024年第2期36卷 81-88页

作者： Aprianti, Nabila Faizal, Muhammad Said, Muhammad Nasir, Subriyer Doctoral Program of Environmental Science Graduate School Universitas Sriwijaya South Sumatra Palembang30139 Indonesia Chemical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Universitas Sriwijaya South Sumatra Ogan Ilir30662 Indonesia

Improving the quality of syngas from fine coal waste using the sorption-enhanced gasification process is a novel technology in the production of H2. The effect of CaO on CO2 absorption and H2 increase in the steam fine coal gasification process was determined in a fixed bed gasifier. The steam gasification process took place at 650 °C using bentonite and CaO as catalysts and absorbents. Steam increased the H2 concentration in the syngas to 58 vol%. In-situ CO2 absorption is more effective with the addition of CaO. The maximum percentage of CO2 was absorbed when the Ca/C ratio 2 was 78.33 %. The H2 content in the syngas after the CO2 was absorbed increased rapidly to 75.80 vol% at a Ca-to-carbon-mole ratio (Ca/C) of 1.5 and a steam-to-feedstock ratio (S/F) of 1.5. CaO did not produce significant results for low heating value (LHV) or cold gas efficiency (CGE), with results of 12 MJ/Nm3 and 44.53 %. The dominant water gas shift reaction due to the influence of steam and CaO increased H2/CO up to 9.11, which made the syngas from this work suitable for Fischer–Tropsch synthesis. © 2022 The Authors

关键词： Carbon dioxide

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A novel open-source framework for automatic flocculation kinetics and retention time modelling using image analysis and swarm intelligence

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Journal of Water Process engineering 2025年 74卷

作者： Bankole, Abayomi O. Moruzzi, Rodrigo Negri, Rogério G. Campos, Luiza C. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering São Paulo State University (UNESP) Bauru Campus São Paulo Brazil Institute of Science and Technology São Paulo State University (UNESP) São Paulo São José dos Campos Brazil Department of Water Resources Management and Agrometeorology COLERM Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta Nigeria Graduate Program in Natural Disasters (UNESP/CEMADEN) São Paulo São José dos Campos Brazil Centre for Urban Sustainability and Resilience Department of Civil Environmental and Geomatic Engineering University College London Gower Street London WC1E 6BT United Kingdom

Automatic detection of flocculation kinetic mechanisms and total hydraulic retention time (THRT) in multi-chamber systems in series is essential for seamless water treatment modelling. This study presents the first open-source tool for modelling flocculation kinetics and THRT in multi-chambers systems, with their sensitivity to image analysis. This study introduces three key novelties: (1) a non-derivative Secant method for simulating THRT, (2) use of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm to facilitate curve fitting technique for modelling flocculation kinetic coefficients, and (3) automatic retention time modelling directly from floc images, including sensitivity to threshold-based image segmentation. The proposed Secant method demonstrated greater robustness compared to the existing Newton-Raphson method (N-R), as it avoided convergence in cases where the N-R produced negative retention times. The PSO algorithm produced results comparable to the Bayesian approach, with aggregation coefficients of 2.773 × 10⁻⁴ and 1.905 × 10⁻⁴, and breakage coefficients of 1.186 × 10⁻⁶ and 2.656 × 10⁻⁶, at low and high velocity gradients (G), respectively. Flocculation kinetics at low G has steady aggregation followed by a dynamic equilibrium, while high G exhibited rapid formation of fragile flocs, followed by dominant breakage mechanism, and a later lower equilibrium. Scaled G for multi-chamber systems showed that reactor configurations with an immediate low G in the second chamber resulted in an average 50 % decrease in THRT. Finally, aggregation and breakage coefficients were sensitive to image segmentation thresholds, but THRT sensitivity is limited. The deployed model is accessible to improve flocculation modelling for multi-chambers in series (https://***). © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Aggregation and breakage coefficients Completely stirred tank reactor Flocculation kinetics Intelligent water treatment monitoring System automation

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Applicability of Electrical Resistance Method to Moisture Transfer Measurement in Paste Using Mineral Admixture 2nd

Applicability of Electrical Resistance Method to Moisture Tr...

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2nd International Conference on Sustainable Civil engineering and Architecture, ICSCEA 2021

作者： Aoki, Takahiro Ogawa, Yuko Kawai, Kenji Civil and Environmental Engineering Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University 1-4-1 Kagamiyama Higashihiroshima Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9789811933028

Concrete is a porous material which has the ability to hold moisture stably inside. Since moisture is closely related to the deterioration of concrete structures, it is important to understand the moisture transfer in concrete in order to maintain the concrete structure appropriately. The electrical resistance method is one of non-destructive methods to investigate the moisture in concrete and the moisture transfer can be assessed with time by using one specimen. However, the electrical resistance may be affected by mineral admixtures in concrete. Although previous studies on the effects of mineral admixtures on the electrical resistance have been conducted, there are still many unclear points. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to assess the applicability of the electrical resistance method to moisture transfer measurement in paste containing mineral admixtures by focusing on the moisture transfer in the drying process. The moisture transfer in the hardened cement paste using fly ash and blast furnace slag with water-to-binder ratios of 0.35 and 0.55 was investigated by the electrical resistance method. Stainless steel rods of 0.9 mm in diameter were placed at an interval of 4 mm in the specimen. The calibration test was also conducted to obtain the relationship between the electrical resistivity and the internal relative humidity of the specimen. The result showed that the specific resistance of the specimen containing mineral admixtures was higher than that of the specimen without mineral admixtures. It was observed that at the drying period of 70 days, the internal relative humidity at a depth of 4 mm from the exposed surface was almost the same as the surrounding relative humidity. It is possible to know the change in the internal relative humidity distribution in the cement paste using mineral admixtures during the drying process by performing the calibration test appropriately. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore P

关键词： Concretes

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High-resolution density profile of shallow ice core from the southeast Greenland dome drilled in 2021

High-resolution density profile of shallow ice core from the...

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作者： Takasugi, Keita Hori, Akira Kawakami, Kaoru Matsumoto, Mai Sasage, Mahiro Saito, Takeshi Iizuka, Yoshinori Graduate School Social and Environmental Engineering Program Kitami Institute of Technology Japan Department of Earth Energy and Environmental Engineering Kitami Institute of Technology Japan Graduate School of Environmental Science Hokkaido University Japan Institute of Low Temperature Science Hokkaido University Japan

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Study of Hybrid Steel Fibers Effects on the Workability and Compressive Properties of Non-proprietary UHPC 3rd

Study of Hybrid Steel Fibers Effects on the Workability and ...

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3rd International Conference on Sustainable Civil engineering and Architecture, ICSCEA 2023

作者： Zhang, Ye Ogawa, Yuko Goegre, Riya Catherine Kawai, Kenji Civil and Environmental Engineering Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University 1-4-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9789819974337

Non-proprietary ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) is renowned for excellent mechanical properties, especially high compressive strength which is generally above 150 MPa. Despite the high compressive strength, the failure mode of non-proprietary UHPC under axial loading is sudden, brittle, and explosive. The undesired compression failure mode is not ideal for structure design and undermines the engineering value of non-proprietary UHPC. This research targets to convert the compression failure mode of non-proprietary UHPC from brittle to ductile with hybrid steel fiber reinforcement and select the most effective reinforcing proportion. In this research, a ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) based non-proprietary UHPC mix is reinforced with five combinations of two steel fiber types with straight ends. The lengths of the two steel fibers are 6.5 mm and 13 mm. The total volume fraction of steel fibers is 2%. The 28-day compressive strengths and the failure modes of the reinforced samples are compared to select a hybrid steel fiber combination that transforms the failure mode of non-proprietary UHPC and strengthens the compression performance most effectively. The experiment results demonstrate that: (1) with steel fibers presented, non-proprietary UHPC is capable of continuously taking compressive load after matrix cracks;(2) instead of explosive brittle failure mode, fiber reinforced non-proprietary UHPC fails in a ductile behavior under axial compression load and the samples stay in integrity;(3) hybrid steel fiber reinforcement is more effective than single type steel fiber reinforcement in improving the compression performance of non-proprietary UHPC. © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Compressive strength

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Low-Temperature Methanolysis of Polycarbonate over Solid Base Sodium Aluminate

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Langmuir 2024年第10期40卷 5338-5347页

作者： Krisbiantoro, Philip Anggo Sato, Miyu Lin, Tzu-Ming Chang, Yu-Chia Peng, Tzu-Yun Wu, Yun-Chih Liao, Weisheng Kamiya, Yuichi Otomo, Ryoichi Wu, Kevin C.-W. Molecular Science and Technology Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering College of Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Graduate School of Environmental Science Hokkaido University Nishi 5 Kita 10 Sapporo060-0810 Japan Faculty of Environmental Earth Science Hokkaido University Nishi 5 Kita 10 Sapporo060-0810 Japan Center of Atomic Initiative for New Materials National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Yuan Ze University Taoyuan320 Taiwan

Herein, a low-cost and readily available sodium aluminate (NaAlO2) was used as a solid base catalyst for the depolymerization of polycarbonate (PC) via methanolysis in the presence of tetrahydrofuran (THF) as a solvent. NaAlO2 was highly active for the reaction, and the performance was comparable to that of soluble strong base SrO and much higher than those of MgO and CaO. By the reaction over the catalyst, a highly pure and crystalline bisphenol A (BPA) was obtained. Among tested organic solvents, THF was the best in aiding PC methanolysis over NaAlO2 due to the polarity similar to PC according to Hansen solubility parameters (HSPs). At 60 °C, 98.1% PC conversion and 96.8% BPA yield were achieved within just 2 h. NaAlO2 was reusable without any severe catalyst deactivation in at least four runs. The mechanistic study revealed that the reaction proceeded via the methoxide pathway, with THF aiding the dissolution of PC. The reaction over NaAlO2 possessed a low apparent activation energy (Ea) of 75.1 kJ mol-1, which is the lowest ever reported so far for the reaction over solid catalysts. © 2024 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.

关键词： Sodium Aluminate

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