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ON THE EFFICIENCY OF NUCLEATION SCAVENGING

TELLUS SERIES B-CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL METEOROLOGY 1984年第5期36卷 367-375页

作者： JENSEN, JB CHARLSON, RJ Environmental Engineering and Science Program Department of Civil Engineering (FC-05) University of Washington Seattle WA 98195 USA

The activation process near cloud base for submicrometer, soluble atmospheric aerosols is described and special attention is focused on the fraction, ε, of the total aerosol mass concentration that form cloud droplets. The variation of ε with updraft speed for various aerosol size distributions is calculated by means of an adiabatic, one-dimensional Lagrangian cloud model. Calculations are made for aerosol particles consisting of pure ammonium bisulphate, (NH4)HSO4and the results show that for a clean continental background aerosol population. ε should be very near unity for all updraft speeds. For an average urban aerosol population, ε is close to unity for convective clouds. but for stratiform cases ε decreases rapidly as the updraft velocity is lowered.

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ANAEROBIC TOXICITY AND BIODEGRADABILITY OF PULP-MILL WASTE CONSTITUENTS

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WATER RESEARCH 1984年第5期18卷 601-607页

作者： BENJAMIN, MM WOODS, SL FERGUSON, JF Environmental Engineering and Science Program Department of Civil Engineering University of Washington Seattle WA 98195 U.S.A.

Batch bioassays have been conducted to characterize the response of methanogenic bacteria to several constituents of sulfite evaporator condensate. The results can be grouped into three ranges with increasingly severe consequences to anaerobic reactors: a low concentration, no effect range; a medium concentration range where methanogenesis is temporarily interrupted or slowed down, but may return to normal; and a high concentration range where methanogenesis is permanently inhibited. In some cases the toxicant was metabolized when present in the lower concentration ranges. There was also evidence that mechanisms other than fermentation to methane were significant in accounting for removal of the toxicants from solution. Organisms acclimated to low concentrations of a toxicant are better able to withstand a shock load of that toxicant than are unacclimated organisms.

关键词： anaerobic degradation biodegradability furfural guaiacol acclimation toxicity assay

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A monoclonal antibody against Lates calcarifer vitellogenin and a competitive ELISA to evaluate vitellogenin induction after exposure to xenoestrogen

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Journal of environmental sciences 2019年第1期31卷 325-333页

作者： Witchuda Prasatkaew Phochit Nanthanawat Nanthika Khongchareonporn Sutin Kingtong Environmental Science program Faculty of Science Burapha University Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Science Burapha University The Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Chulalongkorn University Department of Biology Faculty of Science Burapha University

A monoclonal antibody specific to sea bass(Lates calcarifer) vitellogenin(VTG) was developed,for use as a tool for monitoring endocrine disrupting chemicals(EDCs). VTG was induced in sea bass by intramuscular injection of 17β-estradiol(E_2: 2 mg/kg) every three days. Blood was collected three days after the last injection. Plasma VTG was then purified by chromatography in hydroxyapatite and a sephacryl-S300 column. Characterizations of purified VTG were done by phospholipoglycoprotein staining on a native-PAGE with confirmation by mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS). Antibody was raised in mice by injection of purified VTG. After monoclonal antibody production, the hybridoma clone No. 41(MAb-sea bass VTG 41)was selected and developed for quantification of VTG by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). The ELISA method was sensitive with a detection limit of VTG 40 ng/mL. MAb-sea bass VTG 41 was specific to VTG from E_2-treated sea bass and others EDCs(Nonylphenol, Benzo[a]pyrene and CdCl_2). Moreover, cross-reactivity was also found in E_2-treated coral grouper(Epinephelus corallicola). The ELISA method obtained from this work can be further applied for the assessment of EDCs in Thailand and Southeast Asia's aquatic environment.

关键词： Monoclonal antibody Vitellogenin Biomarker Endocrine disrupting chemicals(EDCs) ELISA

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Comparative toxicity of silver nanoparticles and silver ions to Escherichia coli

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Journal of environmental sciences 2018年第4期30卷 50-60页

作者： Yoojin Choi Hyun-A Kim Kyoung-Woong Kim Byung-Tae Lee Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program) Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST)

With the increase in silver（Ag）-based products in our lives, it is essential to test the potential toxicity of silver nanoparticles（Ag NPs） and silver ions（Ag ions） on living organisms under various conditions. Here, we investigated the toxicity of Ag NPs with Ag ions to Escherichia coli K-12 strain under various conditions. We observed that both Ag NPs and Ag ions display antibacterial activities, and that Ag ions had higher toxicity to E. coli K-12 strain than Ag NPs under the same concentrations. To understand the toxicity of Ag NPs at a cellular level, reactive oxygen species（ROS） enzymes were detected for use as antioxidant enzymatic biomarkers. We have also studied the toxicity of Ag NPs and Ag ions under various coexistence conditions including： fixed total concentration, with a varied the ratio of Ag NPs to Ag ions; fixed the Ag NPs concentration and then increased the Ag ions concentration; fixed Ag ions concentration and then increasing the Ag NPs *** to Ag NPs and Ag ions clearly had synergistic toxicity; however, decreased toxicity（for a fixed Ag NPs concentration of 5 mg/L, after increasing the Ag ions concentration） to E. coli K-12 strain. Ag NPs and Ag ions in the presence of L-cysteine accelerated the bacterial cell growth rate, thereby reducing the bioavailability of Ag ions released from Ag NPs under the single and coexistence conditions. Further works are needed to consider this potential for Ag NPs and Ag ions toxicity across a range of environmental *** Significance Statement： As silver nanoparticles（Ag NPs）-based products are being broadly used in commercial industries, an ecotoxicological understanding of the Ag NPs being released into the environment should be further considered. Here, we investigate the comparative toxicity of Ag NPs and silver ions（Ag ions） to Escherichia coli K-12 strain, a representative ecotoxicological bioreporter. This study showed that toxicities of Ag NPs and Ag ions to E. coli

关键词： Nanotoxicity Silver nanoparticles Silver ions Coexist condition Escherichia coli

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Unraveling the genomic and metabolic mechanisms of pyrene and phenanthrene degradation by Mycolicibacterium sp. SCSIO 43805: A high-Efficiency bacterium isolated from seagrass sediment

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International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation 2025年 202卷

作者： Ahmad, Manzoor Liang, Tongyin Zhang, Yuhang Wang, Youshao Gu, Jidong Cheng, Hao Masmoudi, Khaled Zhou, Weiguo Yang, Qingsong Huang, Xiaofang Dong, Junde Ling, Juan CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou511458 China Department of Integrative Agriculture College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine United Arab Emirates University P.O. Box Al Ain United Arab Emirates Tropical Marine Biological Research Station in Hainan Chinese Academy of Sciences Sanya572000 China CAS-HKUST Sanya Joint Laboratory of Marine Science Research Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology of Hainan Province Sanya Institute of Ocean Eco-Environmental Engineering SCSIO Sanya572000 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Environmental Science and Engineering Program Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Guangdong Shantou515063 China

The ability of microorganisms to break down persistent organic pollutants in the environment has sparked significant interest in bioremediation, as it provides a firm foundation for implementing an effective, robust, and eco-friendly approach. In this study, we isolated a bacterium, identified as Mycolicibacterium sp. SCSIO 43805, from seagrass sediments and studied its potential for degrading pyrene and phenanthrene. The stain effectively degraded pyrene and phenanthrene, both provided at a concentration of 50 mg/L, within 12 days of incubation, as evidenced by the absence of any noticeable peaks related to pyrene and phenanthrene in the GC-MS profile of the 12-day extract. Moreover, the whole genome sequence analysis unveiled a comprehensive array of genes crucial for the complete degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Multiple copies of dioxygenases such as nidA, nidB and nidD and monooxygenase such as cytochrome P450, which are essential for initial cleavage of aromatic rings, were detected in the genome of the Mycolicibacterium sp. SCSIO 43805. Furthermore, based on the gene contents and metabolic profiling of the extracts, we speculated that Mycolicibacterium sp. SCSIO 43805 could degrade pyrene, phenanthrene and other PAHs via phthalate and β-Ketoadipate pathway. The comparative genomics with other member of the genus Mycolicibacterium showed that Mycolicibacterium sp. SCSIO 43805 possessed a maximum number of genes involved in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degradation. Hence, based on results of genomic, comparative genomics and metabolic profiling, Mycolicibacterium sp. SCSIO 43805 demonstrated high ability in degrading persistent organic pollutants and is an excellent biological agent for bioremediation of contaminated environment. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Aromatization

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MODELING OF TRACE ORGANICS BIOTRANSFORMATION IN THE SUBSURFACE

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GROUND WATER 1984年第4期22卷 433-440页

作者： BOUWER, EJ MCCARTY, PL Environmental Engineering Program Department of Civil Engineering University of Houston—University Park Houston Texas 77004. Environmental Engineering and Science Civil Engineering Department Stanford California 94305.

Biofilm processes are potentially important for transformation of organic micropollutants in ground water. Some theoretical hypotheses and empirical observations suggest that a concentration threshold exists for some compounds below which the concentration cannot be reduced by bacterial action. In the presence of 1 compound at a relatively high concentration, termed the primary substrate, another compound present at trace concentrations, termed the secondary substrate, can be biotransformed as well. These concepts were evaluated through laboratory column studies with several halogenated organic compounds of importance in ground water. A biofilm model successfully described utilization of trace substrates, and application to modeling the subsurface was discussed. A simplified batch model with 1st order kinetics may have been adequate for describing subsurface microbial processes when low active organism and pollutant concentrations existed over a large scale.

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The sustainability of partial and total replacement of Ordinary Portland Cement: A deep dive into different concrete mixtures through life cycle assessment

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Journal of Building engineering 2025年 108卷

作者： Sami Sbahieh Gordon McKay Anissa Nurdiawati Sami G. Al-Ghamdi Division of Sustainable Development College of Science and Engineering Hamad Bin Khalifa University Doha P.O. Box 34110 Qatar Environmental Science and Engineering Program Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal 23955 Saudi Arabia KAUST Climate and Livability Initiative King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955 Saudi Arabia

The construction sector significantly impacts environmental sustainability, with cement production being a major source of carbon emissions. Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) manufacturing is highly energy-intensive due to limestone calcination and fossil fuel consumption. To mitigate these environmental effects, this study evaluates the sustainability of literature based alternative concrete mixtures through a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), considering both partial and total cement replacement strategies. The study examines OPC blended with Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs) such as fly ash (FA), silica fume (SF), metakaolin (MK), and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), as well as geopolymer concrete as a complete substitute for OPC. Findings indicate that SCMs significantly reduce the environmental footprint of OPC concrete, with GGBS-blended OPC achieving the highest CO 2 reduction (28.7 %), followed by SF (28.3 %), FA (17.25 %), and MK (15.1 %). Geopolymer concrete demonstrated an even greater CO 2 reduction, with FA-based and GGBS-based geopolymers reducing emissions by 67 % and 54 %, respectively. However, geopolymers showed higher environmental impacts in categories such as fossil depletion, human toxicity, and ozone depletion, mainly due to the production of sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide. Notably, MK-based geopolymer concrete exhibited the highest overall environmental burden, performing worse than OPC concrete in all impact categories. The results highlight that the optimal choice of concrete depends on specific environmental goals. SCM-blended OPC presents a feasible and effective solution for lowering CO 2 emissions, while geopolymer concrete offers a more sustainable alternative if challenges related to chemical activators are addressed. This study underscores the importance of optimizing raw material sourcing, production processes, and transportation logistics to enhance the sustainability of concrete in real-world applications.

关键词： Life-cycle assessment (LCA) Supplementary cementitious materials Geopolymer concrete Sustainable concrete Concrete production

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PHYSIO-CHEMICAL AND ECOLOGICAL MODELING THE FATE OF TOXIC-SUBSTANCES IN NATURAL-WATER SYSTEMS

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ECOLOGICAL MODELLING 1984年第1-4期22卷 145-170页

作者： THOMANN, RV Environmental Engineering and Science Graduate Program Manhattan College Bronx NY 10471 U.S.A.

A basic framework for the modeling of the fate of chemicals in natural water systems is presented. Both the physical/chemical and ecological fate of the substance are considered. The fully time variable equations do not present any significant insight into the general behavior of chemical fate. However, under a steady state assumption and including bottom sediment interactions, relatively simple formulations result that permit rapid calculation of the maximum concentrations that might be expected. It is shown that for a completely mixed lake the ratio of the areal loading rate of the toxicant to the water column concentration is determined by the hydraulic overflow rate and the net loss rate of the toxicant from the water column. Thus, c T = W Ta /q + w T for c T as the total toxicant concentration, W Ta as the areal loading rate of the chemical, q as the hydraulic overflow rate, and w T the net loss of the chemical. The net loss rate w T is a function of all water column and sediment decay rates and interactions. The steady state food chain model of the accumulation of a toxic chemical from both water and food sources is shown to be a means for estimating the parameters of loss and sediment interaction for a lake. The steady state case of the discharge of a chemical into a stream provides a simple means for estimating net loss rates under some reasonable assumptions. Also coupling the food chain model to the physio-chemical model permits the use of chemical concentrations in the fish to estimate the net loss of toxicant in a stream. Application is made to metals concentrations in Lakes Ontario and Michigan and to 1,4 dichlorobenzene in Lake Zurich. The theory indicates that under zero decay of the chemical in the sediment and equal partition coefficients in the sediment and the water column that the chemical in particulates form in the sediment should equal that in the water column. Metals data for Lake Ontario appears to confirm this result at least to order of ma

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Accelerating adoption of species-agnostic plant sensors for precision farming

Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering

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Nature Reviews Electrical engineering 2025年 58-70页

作者： Abdullah Bukhamsin Khaled Nabil Salama Jürgen Kosel Ikram Blilou Bioengineering Program Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia Center of Excellence — Sustainable Food Security (SFS) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia Electrical and Computer Engineering Program Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering (CEMSE) Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia Sensor Systems Division Silicon Austria Labs Villach Austria Plant Science Program Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia

Precision farming is an optimized management farming scheme that seeks to link the real-time needs of crops with the nutrients to be administered. Sensing platforms that can monitor the physiological status of crops in situ are key to enabling timely and localized interventions. However, the underdevelopment of plant sensing strategies limits the potential of precision farming. In this Review, we discuss the challenges and advancements in phyto-monitoring, focusing on strategies that are applicable to a wide range of plant species and suitable for field deployment. We explore species-agnostic sensors, including optical and electrochemical sensors, whose operation is based on principles that are widely applicable to all plant species. These platforms enable real-time monitoring of the physiological state of crops by assessing key biomarkers, such as plant hormones, and metabolites such as salicylic acid and reactive oxygen species. Evaluating these systems, we conclude that an integrative sensing approach is necessary to compensate for the limitations of the individual methods and can provide a holistic view of crop health. Cost-effective species-agnostic sensors are thus needed to provide information that can be used to minimize the resource footprint of farming and meet the growing global demand.

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Monitoring blood pressure through a single hybrid hemodynamic signal with a flexible optoelectronic patch

Device

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Device 2025年

作者： Zhong, Yizhou Zhang, Yongcao Pu, Jing Wustoni, Shofarul Uribe, Johana Lopez-Larrea, Naroa Marks, Adam McCulloch, Iain Mecerreyes, David Baran, Derya Inal, Sahika Organic Bioelectronics Laboratory Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Materials Science and Engineering Program (MSE) Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE) KAUST Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia POLYMAT University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU Avenida Tolosa 72 Guipuzcoa Donostia-San Sebastian 20018 Spain Department of Chemistry University of Oxford Oxford OX1 3TF United Kingdom Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Princeton University Princeton 08544 NJ United States IKERBASQUE Basque Foundation for Science Plaza Euskadi 5 Bilbao 48009 Spain

Hemodynamics, the study of blood flow and circulatory forces, is fundamental for assessing cardiovascular health, disease states, and therapeutic outcomes. Here, we introduce a skin-conformable organic optoelectronic thin-film patch (ePatch) designed to simultaneously capture electrocardiography (ECG) and photoplethysmography (PPG) signals as a single hybrid signal, named the electrocardio-photoplethysmogram (EC-PPG). The ePatch integrates an organic electrochemical transistor (OECT), an organic photodiode, surface-mounted light-emitting diodes, and electrochemical electrodes on a flexible, skin-conforming substrate. By training deep learning models on the hybrid EC-PPG data, we achieved accurate arterial blood pressure estimations, with mean errors of just 1.69 mmHg for systolic and 0.89 mmHg for diastolic blood pressure, outperforming traditional predictions that rely on individual physiological signals as inputs. Our findings underscore the potential of EC-PPG as a compound hemodynamic signal for AI-driven vital sign monitoring and integrated, solution-processable soft electronics for clinical and point-of-care applications. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： DTI-3: Develop electrocardiography electrophysiology flexible electronics OECT OPD organic electrochemical transistor photoplethysmography wearable electronics

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