检索结果-内蒙古大学图书馆

American Water Works Association Annual Conference and Exposition 2009, ACE 2009

作者： Revchuk, Alex Philibert, Marc Billica, Judy Suffet, I.H. Environmental Science and Engineering Program UCLA School of Public Health CHS 46-081 Box 95-1772 Los Angeles CA 90095 United States City of Fort Collins Water Utilities 4316 La Porte Ave. Fort Collins CO 80521 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781615676132

During annual snowmelt events in April and May the water sources of Fort Collins, Colorado discharge concentrations of dissolved organic matter (DOM) that are 3.5 to 6 times larger than the baseline concentrations of 2-3 mg/L. This high DOC, low alkalinity water is very challenging to treat with conventional water treatment of prechlorination, coagulation, sedimentation, filtration and post chlorination. The objective of this study was to comprehensively characterize the DOM size and polarity of the four Fort Collins water sources to help select the most appropriate mixture of water sources during the low and high flow regimes, thereby reducing disinfection by-products (DBP) during treatment. For this purpose the relationship between DOM size and Total Trihalomethane Formation Potential (TTHMFP) was also studied. Based on these findings, water source selection recommendations were made for low and high flow conditions of the four water sources for the city of Fort Collins, Colorado to minimize TTHMFP during treatment. © 2009 American Water Works Association.

关键词： Biological materials

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Hierarchical kinetic simulation for autocatalytic decomposition of cumene hydroperoxide at low temperatures

引用

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 2009年第3期96卷 751-758页

作者： Chen, Jiann-Rong Cheng, Shyh-Yuch Yuan, Min-Hao Kossoy, Arcady A. Shu, Chi-Min General Education Hsiuping Institute of Technology 11 Gong-Ye Road Dali Taichung County 41280 Taiwan Doctoral Program Graduate School of Engineering Science and Technology National Yunlin University of Science and Technology 123 University Road Sec. 3 Douliou Yunlin 64002 Taiwan Department of Occupational Safety and Hygiene Chia-Nan University of Pharmacy and Science 60 Erh-Jen Road Sec.1 Jente Tainan 71710 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering National Taiwan University 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan Ltd 14 Dobrolubov Ave St. Petersburg 197198 Russia

A hierarchical set of kinetic models were proposed and discussed for simulation of autocatalytic decomposition of cumene hydroperoxide (CHP) in cumene at low temperatures. The hierarchy leads from a formal model of full autocatalysis, which is based on conversion degree as a state variable, through a two-stage autocatalytic concentration-based model to a meticulous multi-stage model of the reaction. By the ForK (Formal Kinetics) and DesK (Descriptive Kinetics) software, developed by ChemInform Saint Petersburg (CISP) Ltd., the related kinetic parameters and their significance have also been estimated and elucidated. Through this best-fit approach, it is possible to formulate a systematic methodology on the kinetic studies for thermal decomposition of typical organic peroxides with autocatalytic nature, specifically at low temperature ranges. © 2009 Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary.

关键词： Kinetic parameters

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

The effects of environmental conditioning on high performance aramid fibers

The effects of environmental conditioning on high performanc...

引用

24th Annual Technical Conference of the American Society for Composites 2009 and 1st Joint Canadian-American Technical Conference on Composites

作者： Obaid, A.A. Deitzel, J.M. Gillespie Jr., J.W. Zheng, J.Q. Center for Composite Materials University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 United States U.S. Army Executive Program Office-Soldier Haymarket VA 20169 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781615676033

Tensile mechanical properties measured for high performance synthetic aramid fibers conditioned in water at 40°C, 60°C, 80°C and 100°C for periods of 17 and 34 days. Two different types of aromatic fibers were evaluated;homopolymer aramid fibers (Kevlar KM2® and Twaron®) and copolyaramid fibers (Russian Armos®). For both types of fibers, the hygrothermal conditioning did not significantly affect the mechanical properties below 80°C. At 100C, Aramid fibers showed significant degradation in strength (58% for KM2 and 34% for Twaron), while a reduction in tensile strength of 13% was observed by Armos Aramid copolymer fibers. For each material, tested fibers exhibited no significant change in mass as a result of the conditioning procedure and FTIR spectroscopy results did not indicate signs for chemical or thermo oxidative due to hygrothermal conditioning. The significant strength degradation in Aramid Homopolymer fibers is mainly due to the ingress and egress of moisture in the highly ordered core structure, where the crystallites are connected by highly constrained tie molecules in the amorphous grain boundaries. At elevated temperatures and pressures, it has been shown that these tie molecules are vulnerable to chemical attack, while at more moderate temperatures, the presence of water can enable segmental chain motion that can alter crystal orientation and apparent crystallite size. On the other hand, as processed Armos fibers are reported to have a 2D ordered phase with a molecular backbone having significantly less concentrations of amid group and a non systematic network of ordered domains which minimize the degradation growth due to hydrolytic attack.

关键词： Aramid fibers

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Codorus creek restoration - A case study for the Chesapeake Bay

Codorus creek restoration - A case study for the Chesapeake ...

引用

World environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009: Great Rivers

作者： Hoch, Matthew P. Siu, Christina Y. S. Clark, Shirley E. Baker, Katherine H. Department of Biology Lamar University 4400 MLK Blvd. Beaumont TX 77710 United States Penn State Harrisburg School of Science Engineering and Technology 777 West Harrisburg Pike TL 123 Middletown PA 17057 United States Penn State Harrisburg Environmental Engineering Program 777 West Harrisburg Pike TL 105 Middletown PA 17057 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780784410363

Healthy streams have the physical characteristics and chemical water quality to support healthy and diverse populations of organisms. The Codorus Creek, a tributary to the Susquehanna River, which eventually drains to the Chesapeake Bay, is being restored in several locations. Penn State University (York and Harrisburg campuses) is evaluating the effectiveness of the state-funded restoration activities. We examine the current pollutant loadings of two branches of this stream in conjunction with land use practices, particularly agriculture and wastewater treatment plants. Fish, macroinvertebrates, and periphyton are routinely sampled. Streamwater sampling for water chemistry analyses occurs during both baseflow and storm event conditions. Restored sites are being compared to both impaired and control sites to determine whether restoration has any significant reduction in a pollutant's load. Preliminary results indicate that the southern branch has greater impairment than the eastern branch. The southern branch impaired site showed greater annual mean loads of total nitrogen and total phosphorus, a macroinvertebrate community dominated by pollution tolerant organisms, and a greater number of fish with parasitic diseases. All sources contributing to the total nitrogen load to Codorus Creek have not been identified. Although restoration activities may decrease pollutant loads, such as as suspended solids, restoration is not believed to be effective in decreasing nitrogen loads. Nitrogen is found more readily in the aqueous phase (streamwater) rather than adsorbed to sediment particles. Therefore, more effective ways to remove nitrogen in water is to decrease or eliminate the source or to treat the streamwater directly. Further monitoring and comparison of restored sites to control and impaired sites are needed. In addition, future work on the toxicity of the legacy sediments has been proposed. © 2009 ASCE.

关键词： Restoration

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Effect of nitrogen levels of two cherry tomato cultivars on development, preference and honeydew production of Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

引用

Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology 2009年第4期12卷 227-232页

作者： Park, Mi Kyung Kim, Jeong Gyu Song, Yoo Han Lee, Joon-Ho Shin, Key-il Cho, Kijong Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering Korea University Seoul 136-701 South Korea Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences Gyeongsang National University Jinju South Korea Entomology Program Department of Agricultural Biotechnology Seoul National University Seoul 151-921 South Korea Department of Statistics Hankuk University of Foreign Studies Yongin 449-791 South Korea

Two cherry tomato plant cultivars (Lycopersicon esculentum Miller, cultivars 'Koko' and 'Pepe') were supplied with high (395 ppm), medium (266 ppm) and low (199 ppm) concentrations of nitrogen to determine the influence of nitrogen fertilization on development, cultivar preference and honeydew production by greenhouse whiteflies, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). The nitrogen, protein, and chlorophyll contents of tomato leaves were higher in the high nitrogen supplied plants than in the medium or low nitrogen supplied plants, but the sugar content showed an inverse relationship. The developmental times of eggs and nymphs decreased as the nitrogen concentrations increased in both cultivars. The preference of T. vaporariorum was compared by counting the number of eggs deposited on leaves in choice and non-choice tests. In the non-choice test, no significant nitrogen treatment effects were observed but the upper plant stratum was preferred for egg laying. In the choice test, there were significant main effects of cultivar and nitrogen concentration. T. vaporariorum laid eggs more on leaves of plants with higher nitrogen at the upper stratum. In both experiments, T. vaporariorum preferred the 'Koko' cultivar to the 'Pepe' cultivar. The honeydew production of T. vaporariorum nymphs increased with decreasing nitrogen treatment concentrations. The largest honeydew production was detected in the 'Pepe' cultivar grown at low nitrogen concentration. It is concluded that cultivar 'Pepe' had an advantage over 'Koko' in term of T. vaporariorum management program in tomato greenhouses. © 2009 Korean Society of Applied Entomology, Taiwan Entomological Society and Malaysian Plant Protection Society, 2009.

关键词： Chemical contents Choice and non-choice tests Development Honeydew Koko Pepe

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Modeling driving responses to vehicle-to-vehicle hazard alerts in freeway traffic

Modeling driving responses to vehicle-to-vehicle hazard aler...

引用

作者： Yeo, Hwasoo Shladover, Steven E. Krishnan, Hariharan Skabardonis, Alexander Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon 305-701 Korea Republic of California PATH Program Institute of Transportation Studies University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720 United States Electrical and Controls Integration Lab. General Motors R and D Center Warren MI 48090 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783902661500

Microscopic simulation has been widely adopted to predict future traffic conditions. Vehicle-to-vehicle communication of hazard alerts has been proposed for use on freeways, but its impact on freeway traffic has not been evaluated. This paper describes the method of modeling freeway incidents with and without the use of vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) hazard alerts. Based on the NGSIM oversaturated freeway flow algorithms, drivers' responses to incidents are modeled and evaluated. The simulation results show how the V2V alerts could influence freeway traffic, and provide initial estimates of their benefits. © 2009 IFAC.

关键词： Vehicle to vehicle communications

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Electricity production in small-scale swine and dairy digesters in Costa Rica

Electricity production in small-scale swine and dairy digest...

引用

American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers Annual International Meeting 2009

作者： Lansing, Stephanie Martin, Jay F. Viquez, Joaquín Botero, Raul Botero University of Maryland Department of Environmental Science and Technology 1445 Animal Sci./Ag. Engineering Bldg. College Park MD 20742 United States Ohio State University Department of Food Agricultural and Biological Engineering 590 Woody Hayes Drive. Columbus OH 43210 United States Environmental-Ag. Program Cooperativa de Productores de Leche Dos Pinos P.O. Box 179-4060 Alajuela Costa Rica EARTH University Apartado Postal 4442-1000 San Jose Costa Rica

ISBN: (纸本)9781615673629

Methane production, electricity production, and wastewater transformations were quantified for a digestion system that combines biogas from a swine digester and dairy digester in Costa Rica. The low-cost, plug-flow digesters were not heated and operated in the lower portion of the mesophilic range (25-27 °C). The dairy digester produced 27.5 m3/day of biogas with 62.6 % methane and reduced organic matter (COD) by 86 %. The swine digester produced 6.0 m3/day of biogas with 76.4 % methane and reduced COD by 92 %. The digester effluent was treated to below treatment standards using constructed wetlands. The farm's 2-hour peak electricity demand (12.9 kW/day) was 81.8 % met. The electricity was produced using manure equivalent to the quantity excreted by 5 dairy cows and 40 pigs. The recovery time of the $21,000 digester project is 10 years through electricity savings and wastewater fines reductions. If the generator were more appropriately sized for the farm, the recovery time would be 7.6 years. The investigations proved that small-scale digesters produce enough biogas for cost-effective electricity generation and are ideal systems for rural farmers to treat livestock wastewater and obtain renewable energy from their waste product.

关键词： Methane

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Influence of ammonia and carbon dioxide on the sorption of a basic organic pollutant to carpet and latex-painted gypsum board

引用

environmental science & TECHNOLOGY 2008年第15期42卷 5415-5420页

作者： Ongwandee, Maneerat Morrison, Glenn C. Environmental Science and Engineering Program Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of California Los Angeles California 90095

Sorptive interactions with indoor surfaces strongly influence indoor exposure to organic pollutants. Adsorption itself may be influenced by indoor levels of common indoor gases such as CO2, NH3, and H2O. We quantified sorption characteristics of trimethylamine (TMA) on carpet and painted wallboard, while challenging the surface with gas-phase CO2, NH3 and H2O. We show that the capacity of the carpet to sorb TMA, doubles when the CO2 mixing ratio is increased from 0 to 1000 ppm CO2 at 90% relative humidity. In contrast, NH3 decreases the surface capacity of both carpet and latex paint. Sorption of TMA to these indoor materials is primarily caused by interactions at one or more interfaces. Dissolution of TMA and aqueous acid-base chemistry appear to also contribute to the overall sorptive capacity of carpet at high relative humidity. The reduction in the distribution coefficient, k(e), in the presence of NH3 is explained by competition between TMA and NH3 molecules for sites on the substrates at low-to-medium relative humidity conditions.

关键词： Pollutants Ammonia Carbon dioxide Absorption Drywall Humidity Carpets Partition coefficient (Chemistry) Latex paint Acid-base chemistry

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Modeling Driving Responses to Vehicle-to-Vehicle Hazard Alerts in Freeway Traffic

引用

IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2009年第15期42卷 549-555页

作者： Hwasoo Yeo Steven E. Shladover Hariharan Krishnan Alexander Skabardonis Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon 305-701 Korea California PATH Program Institute of Transportation Studies University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720 USA Electrical & Controls Integration Lab General Motors R & D Center Warren MI 48090 USA

关键词： micro-simulation vehicle-to-vehicle communication driving behavior Intelligent Transportation Systems

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Detection of runoff timing changes in pluvial, nival, and glacial rivers of western Canada (vol 45, art no W06701, 2009)

引用

WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH 2009年第4期45卷

作者： Dery, Stephen J. Stahl, K. Moore, R. D. Whitfield, P. H. Menounos, B. Burford, Jason E. Environmental Science and Engineering Program University of Northern British Columbia Prince George British Columbia Canada Department of Geosciences University of Oslo Oslo Norway Institute of Hydrology University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany Department of Geography University of British Columbia Vancouver British Columbia Canada Environment Canada Vancouver British Columbia Canada Geography Program and Natural Resources and Environmental Studies Institute University of Northern British Columbia Prince George British Columbia Canada Meteorological Service of Canada Environment Canada Dartmouth Nova Scotia Canada Email: Stephen J. Déry (sdery@unbc.ca)

Changes in air temperature, precipitation, and, in some cases, glacial runoff affect the timing of river flow in watersheds of western Canada. We present a method to detect streamflow phase shifts in pluvial, nival, and glacial rivers. The Kendall-Theil robust lines yield monotonic trends in normalized sequent 5-day means of runoff in nine river basins of western Canada over the period 1960-2006. In comparison to trends in the timing of the date of annual peak flow and the center of volume, two other less robust metrics often used to infer streamflow timing changes, our approach reveals more detailed structure on the nature of these changes. For instance, our trend analyses reveal extension of the warm hydrological season in nival and glacial rivers of western Canada. This feature is marked by an earlier onset of the spring melt, decreases in summer streamflow, and a delay in the onset of enhanced autumn flows. Our method provides information on streamflow timing changes throughout the entire hydrological year, enhancing results from previous methods to assess climate change impacts on the hydrological cycle.

关键词： snow climate change streamflow timing freshet snowmelt glaciers

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：