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INCIPIENT MOTION OF NON-COHESIVE SEDIMENT UNDER ICE COVER-AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

Journal of Hydrodynamics 2008年第1期20卷 117-124页

作者： WANG Jun SUI Jue-yi KARNEY Bryan W. School of Civil Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 China Environmental Science and Environmental Engineering Program University of Northern British ColumbiaBritish Columbia Canada V2N 4Z9 Department of Civil Engineering University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada M5S 1A4

Based on a series of experiments under both ice-covered and free surface conditions, the present article discusses the role of flow velocity and critical shear Reynolds number for incipient motion of bed material. The influence of the resistance coefficients of both the underside of the ice cover and the channel bed on the location of the maximum velocity has been discussed. In addition, the impacts of ice and composite resistance coefficients on flow velocity for incipient motion of bed material have been assessed. The diagram describing the critical shear Reynolds number and the dimensionless shear stress for the incipient motion of sediment under ice covered conditions with different under cover resistance coefficient has been established. The effects of grain size on densimetric Froude number for incipient motion of bed material have been investigated. A relationship between the densimetric Froude number for incipient motion of bed material and the median grain size of bed material as well as the roughness coefficient of channel bed and roughness coefficient of ice cover has been established.

关键词： densimetric Froude number grain size ice cover incipient motion resistance coefficient shear Reynolds number,velocity

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Evaluating the environmental occurrence of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and potential exposure risk for recreational shellfish harvesters in the Great Bay Estuary, New Hampshire

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science of The Total Environment 2025年 986卷

作者： Christine L. Gardiner Jonathan M. Petali Celia Y. Chen Nathan G. Giffard Sujan Fernando Thomas M. Holsen Juby R. Varghese Megan E. Romano Kathryn A. Crawford Department of Biological Sciences Dartmouth College Hanover NH USA Environmental Health Program New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services Concord NH USA Battelle Memorial Institute Columbus OH USA Center for Air Resources Engineering and Science Clarkson University Potsdam NY USA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Clarkson University Potsdam NY USA Department of Epidemiology Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth Lebanon NH USA Environmental Studies Program Middlebury College Middlebury VT USA

Background Shellfish may be an important contributor to PFAS exposure from seafood consumption. Yet, shellfish consumption patterns are distinct from other seafood varieties and PFAS exposure via shellfish consumption has not been well studied, especially among recreational harvesters who may be exposed to PFAS through direct consumption of shellfish, incidental ingestion of sediment, and dermal absorption. Methods Collocated surface water, sediment, and bivalve shellfish samples were collected in the Great Bay Estuary, a prominent estuary in New Hampshire, USA with multiple known PFAS sources. All media were analyzed for 27 PFAS compounds via UPLC-MS/MS. Human health risk of PFAS exposure from recreational shellfish harvesting was estimated for typical and high seafood consumers across multiple exposure routes using available health guidance values. Results PFAS were detected in all Great Bay water, sediment, and shellfish samples. PFAS concentrations varied spatially, and profiles varied by media type, with shorter chain compounds found in water and longer chain compounds found in sediment and shellfish. For adults, PFAS exposure risk from recreational shellfish harvesting was greatest from direct consumption of shellfish (>99 % of estimated daily PFAS dose), followed by dermal absorption and incidental sediment ingestion. For children, dermal absorption and incidental ingestion were also important, contributing up to 10 % of estimated daily exposure. PFAS exposure risk from consuming razor clams exceeded the reference hazard quotient of 1 for multiple compounds among the general population that consumes typical or greater amounts of seafood, and among persons of childbearing age and young children who consume high amounts of seafood. Conclusions High frequency recreational shellfish harvesting and consumption may increase exposure to certain PFAS.

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Scavenging of Cd through Fe/Mn oxides within natural surface coatings

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Journal of environmental sciences 2006年第6期18卷 1199-1203页

作者： LI Yu HUANG Guo-he ZHANG Bai-yu GUO Shu-hai Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China Department of Environmental Science College of Environment and Resources Jilin University Changchun 130012 China Environmental Systems Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering University of Regina Regina SK S4S 0A2 Canada

The dynamics of Cd scavenging from solutions by Fe/Mn oxides in natural surface coatings （NSCs） was investigated under laboratory conditions. Selective extraction methods were employed to estimate the contributions of Fe/Mn oxides, where hydroxylamine hydrochloride （0.01 mol/L NH2OH-HCl ＋ 0.01 mol/L HNO3）, sodium dithionite （0.4 mol/L Na2S2O4） and nitric acid （10% HNO3） were used as extraction reagents. The Cd scavenging was accomplished with developing periods of the NSCs （totally 21 data sets）. The resulting process dynamics fitted well to the Elovich equation, demonstrating that the amount of Cd scavenged was proportional to the increments of Fe/Mn oxides that were accumulated in the NSCs. The amount of Cd bound to Fe oxides （MCdFe） and Mn oxides （MCdMn） could be quantified by solving two equations based on the properties of two extraction reagents. The amount of Cd scavenged by Fe/Mn oxides could also be estimated using MCdFe and MCdMn divided by the total amounts of Fe and Mn oxides in the NSCs, respectively. The results indicated that the Cd scavenging by Fe/Mn oxides was dominated by Fe oxides, with less roles attributed to Mn oxides. The estimated levels of Cd scavenging through Fe and Mn oxides agreed well with those predicted through additive-adsorption and linear-regression models.

关键词： cadmium scavenging natural surface coatings selective extraction iron oxides manganese oxides

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Traceless Photopolymerization with Non-Pulsed Red Light Enables 3D-Printable Cell-Laden Hydrogels

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Advanced Materials 2025年 e2502386页

作者： Eftekhari, Ali de Graaf, Kelsey Rianne Takmakova, Ekaterina Jongprasitkul, Hatai Efimov, Alexander Turunen, Sanna Kerr, Andrew Kellomäki, Minna Luxenhofer, Robert Laaksonen, Timo Durandin, Nikita Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Tampere University Tampere 33720 Finland Soft Matter Chemistry Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Helsinki Helsinki PB55 Finland Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Group Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology Tampere University Tampere 33720 Finland New Materials and Processes Group Faculty of Engineering Turku University of Applied Sciences Turku 20520 Finland Drug Research Program Faculty of Pharmacy University of Helsinki Helsinki 00014 Finland School of Natural and Environmental Sciences Newcastle University Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE1 7RU United Kingdom

Photocrosslinking of hydrogels with non-pulsed red light offers improved biocompatibility and deep tissue penetration in contrast to traditional UV-initiated methods. However, hydrogels fabricated upon red-light excitation are always colored by a photoinitiator, limiting their use in applications requiring high optical transparency, such as (bio)sensors, ophthalmological applications, or wound dressings. Additionally, the cytotoxicity of a photoinitiator is always a concern, especially in bioapplications. Herein, a photoinitiating system composed of an FDA-approved methylene blue photosensitizer and cytocompatible triethanolamine is introduced. The system can induce photopolymerization upon 625 nm irradiation and leaves no visible trace of the methylene blue color afterward, thus named “traceless”. With this approach, gelatine methacrylate hydrogel is successfully polymerized under ambient conditions. The hydrogel is permanently colorless with well-controlled stiffness due to the light-dependent nature of the polymerization process. The system is further successfully applied in extrusion-based 3D-bioprinting with NIH-3T3 fibroblasts, followed by photocuring to produce cell-laden 3D structures, indicating its potential for tissue engineering. Upon culturing the cell-laden constructs, the fibroblasts are able to proliferate and adhere to the hydrogel material. The red-light excitation enables polymerization through at least 5 mm of biological tissue, projecting, inter alia, its use for transdermal photopolymerization in minimally invasive implantation. © 2025 The Author(s). Advanced Materials published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： 3D printing colorless gelatine methacrylate (GelMA) hydrogels methylene blue photopolymerization red light

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Real-time density functional tight binding: A new computational tool for probing electronic properties of plasmonic systems 11

Real-time density functional tight binding: A new computatio...

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11th Annual TechConnect World Innovation Conference and Expo, Held Jointly with the 20th Annual Nanotech Conference and Expo,the 2018 SBIR/STTR Spring Innovation Conference, and the Defense TechConnect DTC Spring Conference

作者： Ilawe, Niranjan V. Wong, Bryan M. Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California - Riverside RiversideCA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780998878256

Using large-scale, real-time, quantum dynamics calculations, we present a detailed analysis of electronic excitation transfer (EET) mechanisms in a multiparticle plasmonic nanoantenna system. Specifically, we utilize a real-time, time-dependent, density functional tight binding (RT-TDDFTB) approach to provide a quantummechanical description (at an electronic/atomistic level of detail) for characterizing and analyzing these systems, without recourse to classical approximations. We also demonstrate highly long-range electronic couplings in these complex systems and find that the range of these couplings is more than twice the conventional cutoff limit considered by Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based approaches. Furthermore, we attribute these unusually long-ranged electronic couplings to the coherent oscillations of conduction electrons in plasmonic nanoparticles. This long-range nature of plasmonic interactions has important ramifications for EET;in particular, we show that the commonly used "nearestneighbor" FRET model is inadequate for accurately characterizing EET even in simple plasmonic antenna systems. These findings provide a real-time, quantummechanical perspective for understanding EET mechanisms and provide guidance in enhancing plasmonic properties in artificial light-harvesting systems. © 2018 by TechConnect. All rights reserved.

关键词： Plasmonics

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Mud volcanoes and microbial communities: Unraveling the mysteries of formation, features, and occurrence

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Journal of Asian Earth sciences 2025年 290卷

作者： Rajendran, Senthil Kumar Koner, Suprokash Hussain, Bashir Tsai, Hsin-Chi Hseu, Zeng-Yei Chen, Jung-Sheng Huang, Shih-Wei Ali, Danish Khan, Muhammad Adil Hsu, Bing-Mu Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences National Chung Cheng University Chiayi County Taiwan Department of Agricultural Chemistry National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Department of Psychiatry School of Medicine Tzu Chi University Hualien Taiwan Department of Psychiatry Tzu-Chi General Hospital Hualien Taiwan Department of Medical Research E-Da Hospital I-Shou University Kaohsiung Taiwan Institute of Environmental Toxin and Emerging Contaminant Cheng Shiu University Kaohsiung Taiwan Center for Environmental Toxin and Emerging Contaminant Research Chen Shiu University Kaohsiung Taiwan Doctoral Program in Science Technology Environment and Mathematics National Chung Cheng University Chiayi County Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineering National Chung Cheng University Chiayi County Taiwan

Over two thousand mud volcanoes have been documented worldwide, predominantly forming in geologically active regions characterized by rapid sedimentation, recent magmatic activity, and compressional tectonics. These features originate from gravitative instability and fluid overpressure, which induce hydrofracturing of impermeable strata, allowing the release of water, gas, and sediments to the surface. As a result, mud volcanoes occur across a range of tectonic and sedimentary settings, including active margins, accretionary complexes, thrust belts, and deep sedimentary basins. They are generally classified as either submarine or terrestrial mud volcanoes, with the former typically associated with tectonic deformation and the later with sediment accumulation in continental settings. Beyond their geological significance, mud volcanoes contribute substantially to global geochemical and biogeochemical processes, influencing methane production and consumption, nutrient cycling, and organic matter transformation. Additionally, microbial communities are essential in the formation and maintenance of mud volcano structures by contributing to the biomineralization of carbonates and sulfates. The microbial communities found in different mud volcanoes are diverse, and their composition can vary based on location, depth, and geochemical conditions. Moreover, these microbial communities have evolved to utilize diverse sources of energy, including hydrogen, methane, and sulfur, to facilitate metabolic processes. This review summarizes the current insights into the formation, distribution, and environmental constraints of mud volcanoes, while highlighting the ecological relevance and metabolic capabilities of associated microbial communities based on metagenomics data to support interdisciplinary research into geobiological interactions in extreme ecosystems. © 2025

关键词： Functional metabolisms Geological process Microbial communities’ distribution Mud volcanoes

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Development of solar lightactivated photocatalysts for the treatment of contaminants of emerging concern in water

Development of solar lightactivated photocatalysts for the t...

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252nd ACS National Meeting and Exposition: Chemistry of the People, by the People, for the People

作者： Dionysiou, Dionysios Environmental Engineering and Science Program University of Cincinnati CincinnatiOH United States

In this presentation, Professor Dionysiou will provide an overview of progress in his group during the last few years on the development of photocatalysts with tailordesigned architecture that allow them to utilize effectively both the UV and the visible portion of the solar light spectrum. Details will be provided on doping of nonmetals in the case of nonmetal dopedTiO2 as well as on the composition of ferritebased magnetic photocatalysts. The mechanism of degradation of various contaminants of emerging concern will be presented and the role of water quality parameters will be discussed in relation to catalyst particle size, surface properties, and contaminant speciation as a function of solution pH. The discussion will include the role of crystal phase, heterojunctions, and presence of selected impurities as energy sensitization levels in the photocatalysts. Examples of both oxidative destruction of organic contaminants and reduction of certain toxic metals will be provided and emphasis will be places on mechanistic pathways on redox transformation of target contaminants. The role of catalyst surface properties and ligand formation will also be discussed in cases of photocatalytic degradation of pollutants in the presence of oxidants and selected contaminant species in water that allow ligand formation.

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Enhancing safety with an AI-empowered assessment and monitoring system for BSL-3 facilities

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Heliyon 2025年第1期11卷 e40855页

作者： Fan, Yi-Ling Hsu, Ching-Han Wu, Ju-Yu Tsai, Ying-Ying Chen, Wei J. Lee, Min-Shi Hsu, Fang-Rong Liao, Lun-De Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine National Health Research Institutes 35 Keyan Road Miaoli County Zhunan Town 350 Taiwan Department of Biomedical Engineering & Environmental Sciences National Tsing-Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Doctoral Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Center for Neuropsychiatric Research National Health Research Institutes 35 Keyan Road Miaoli County Zhunan Town 350 Taiwan National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology National Health Research Institutes 35 Keyan Road Miaoli County Zhunan Town 350 Taiwan Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science Feng Chia University Taichung 407 Taiwan

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has created an urgent demand for research, which has spurred the development of enhanced biosafety protocols in biosafety level (BSL)-3 laboratories to safeguard against the risks associated with handling highly contagious pathogens. Laboratory management failures can pose significant hazards. Methods: An external system captured images of personnel entering a laboratory, which were then analyzed by an AI-based system to verify their compliance with personal protective equipment (PPE) regulations, thereby introducing an additional layer of protection. A deep learning model was trained to detect the presence of essential PPE items, such as clothing, masks, hoods, double-layer gloves, shoe covers, and respirators, ensuring adherence to World Health Organization (WHO) standards. The internal laboratory management system used a deep learning model to delineate alert zones and monitor compliance with the imposed safety protocols. Results: The external detection system was trained on a dataset consisting of 4112 images divided into 15 PPE compliance classes. The model achieved an accuracy of 97.52 % and a recall of 97.03 %. The identification results were presented in real time via a visual interface and simultaneously stored on the administrator's dashboard for future reference. We trained the internal management system on 3347 images, achieving 90 % accuracy and 85 % recall. The results were transmitted in JSON format to the internal monitoring system, which triggered alerts in response to violations of safe practices or alert zones. Real-time notifications were sent to the administrators when the safety thresholds were met. Conclusion: The BSL-3 laboratory monitoring system significantly reduces the risk of exposure to pathogens for personnel during laboratory operations. By ensuring the correct use of PPE and enhancing adherence to the imposed safety protocols, this system contributes to maintaining the integrity of BSL-3 facilities

关键词： Bioengineering Biomedical instrumentation Biomedical laboratory safety Biosafety level-3 laboratory

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Balancing Surface Chemistry and Flake Size of MXene-Based Electrodes for Bioelectrochemical Reactors (Small 20/2025)

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Small 2025年第20期21卷

作者： Pewee. D. Kolubah Hend Omar Mohamed Ananda Rao Hari Yue Ping Mohamed Ben Hassine Pia Dally M. Obaid Xiangming Xu Jehad K. El-Demellawi Pascal E. Saikaly Mario Lanza Noreddine Ghaffour Pedro Castaño Multiscale Reaction Engineering KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Water Desalination and Reuse Research Center Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Materials Science and Engineering Physical Science and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Core Labs King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Saudi Aramco EXPEC Advanced Research Center P.O. Box 5000 Dhahran 31311 Saudi Arabia Center for Renewable Energy and Storage Technologies (CREST) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 239955-6900 Saudi Arabia Environmental Science and Engineering Program BESE King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Chemical Engineering Program Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia

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Implementation of UI GreenMetric at Diponegoro University in order to environmental Sustainability Efforts 4

Implementation of UI GreenMetric at Diponegoro University in...

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4th International Conference on Energy, Environment, Epidemiology and Information System, ICENIS 2019

作者： Lourrinx, Effine Hadiyanto Budihardjo, Mochamad Arief Master Program of Environmental Science School of Postgraduate Studies Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Department of Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia

Green campus is a concept, which integrates environmental science into policy, management and activities of the college. Green campus is also the implementation of the integration of environmental science in all aspects of management and sustainable development practices. Therefore, the standards for referral and encouragement to management in developing a green campus program are needed, one of which is UI GreenMetric. The purpose of this study are to determine how the program of UI GreenMetric is implemented at Diponegoro University and to provide recommendations in the category or indicator that has not been fulfilled. Optimizing the implementation of UI GreenMetric can be used as a further reference in the development of green campus concept in Indonesia. This study uses data in the form of a literature study of standards and guidelines used by UI GreenMetric which are considered in accordance with the strategy of increasing effectiveness in implementing green campus. The results showed the value obtained by Diponegoro University in the UI GreenMetric World University Rankings standards. © The Authors, published by EDP sciences, 2019.

关键词： Sustainable development

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