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Chemical and Mechanical Characterization of Ternary Cement Pastes Containing Calcined Clay and Nanosilica

Journal of Civil engineering and Architecture 2021年第7期15卷 360-369页

作者： Divino Gabriel Lima Pinheiro Matheus Ian de Castro Sousa João Henrique da Silva Rêgo Postgraduate Program in Structure and Civil Construction PPG-PECC Universidade de BrasíliaFederal DistrictBrazil Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of GoiásCâmpus FormosaGoiásBrazil Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Universidade de BrasíliaFederal DistrictBrazil

Research regarding new SCMs(supplementary cementitious materials)is in constant progress,aiming to improve cement properties,reduce its operational costs and make it more *** such material is calcined clay,which reduces CO2 emissions and overall cost when blended with *** is also an SCM,highly *** the benefits of both are well established,their combined effect in a ternary mixture with cement still demands more ***,the present work evaluates that mixture,aiming to contribute to the cement industry and environmental *** cement pastes were studied:OPC(100%Portland cement),2NS(2%substitution by nanosilica),25CC(25%replacement by calcined clay produced in the laboratory)and 23CC2NS(replacement by 2%of nanosilica and 23%calcined clay).w/b(water/binder)ratio was fixed in 0.35 and superplasticizer admixtures were used to keep the same ***(compressive strength),XRD(X-ray diffraction)and TGA(thermogravimetric analysis)were performed in the *** show that the calcination process of the raw clays was efficient,with conversion of kaolinite and that both binary and ternary pastes showed fc equal to or higher than the reference,demonstrating the viability of the calcined clay for clinker substitution at high contents.

关键词： Calcined clay nanosilica SCM blended cements sustainability low CO2 cements

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Hospital Admission Risks and Excess Costs for Neurological Symptoms Attributable to Long-Term Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter in New York State, USA

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Min, Jieun Lee, Whanhee Bell, Michelle L. Kim, Yijun Heo, Seulkee Kim, Ga Eun Kim, Jee Hyun Yun, Ji Young Kim, Soo In Schwartz, Joel Ha, Eunhee Department of Environmental Medicine School of Medicine Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea Republic of Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering College of Medicine Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea Republic of Ewha Womans University College of Medicine Seoul Korea Republic of School of Biomedical Convergence Engineering College of Information and Biomedical Engineering Pusan National University Yangsan Korea Republic of Yale School of the Environment Yale University New HavenCT United States Department of Psychiatry Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital Ewha Womans University College of Medicine Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Neurology Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital Ewha Womans University College of Medicine Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Environmental Health Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health BostonMA United States Department of Medical Science Ewha Womans University School of Medicine Ewha Medical Research Institute Seoul Korea Republic of

Background: Although emerging evidence suggests that PM2.5 is linked to neurological symptoms (NSs) via neuroinflammation, relevant studies are scarce. This study aimed to investigate the risks and excess costs of hospital admission for five NSs—fatigue, headache, dizziness, convulsion, and paralysis—attributable to long-term exposure to PM2.5 in New York State, ***: We analyzed the New York Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System (SPARCS) from 2010 to 2016. A Bayesian hierarchical model with integrated nested Laplace approximations was performed to estimate the risks and excess costs of hospital admission for NSs due to long-term exposure to PM2.5 at the county ***: A 1 µg/m3 increase in lag 0–1 years PM2.5 was associated with an increased risk of headache and convulsion by 1.06 (1.01, 1.11) and 1.04 (1.01, 1.06), respectively. The excess hospital admission cost for five NSs attributable to lag 0–1 years PM2.5 above the new World Health Organization guideline (annual standard: 5 µg/m3) was $200.24 (95% CI: 6.00, 376.96) million during 2011–2016, recording the highest for convulsion ($153.73 [95% CI: 63.61, 244.19] million).Conclusions: This study provides quantitative estimates of risks and excess costs for NSs attributable to long-term PM2.5 and suggests that policies that reduce long-term PM2.5 concentration in accordance with the new WHO air quality guidelines can yield substantial health and economic benefits related to NSs in the New York State population. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hierarchical systems

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Effectiveness of Predicting Event-Level Interception Losses Across Diverse Vegetated Sites Using Statistical Models

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Ecohydrology 2025年第3期18卷

作者： Abigail G. Sandquist Stephen P. Good Gabriel Barinas Scott T. Allen Graduate Program of Hydrologic Sciences University of Nevada Reno Reno Nevada USA Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science University of Nevada Reno Reno Nevada USA Water Resources Graduate Program Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon USA Biological & Ecological Engineering Department Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon USA

Understanding evaporation from wet canopies across ecosystems is challenged by its spatiotemporal variability and associated observational challenges. Precipitation and throughfall were measured at 22 sites of the National Ecological Observatory Network using consistent methodologies across diverse climates and ecosystems, providing a novel opportunity to examine the performance of statistical models in predicting interception loss from meteorological and canopy-structure data. We used those data to quantify event-level interception losses and found wide variation; median interception loss of small storms (< 10 mm) was 37.7% (39% inter-quartile range), and of large storms (> 50 mm) was 19.8% (20% interquartile range). We found storm gross-precipitation depth was the most important variable for predicting the amount of interception loss (predicting ~70% of the variation), followed by mean canopy height and air temperature. Storm gross-precipitation depth was also an important predictor of interception loss as a percent of storm depth, but much less variation was explained ( R 2 = 0.11, RMSE = 24%). Prediction of percent interception loss improved ( R 2 = 0.32 and RMSE = 19%) by including additional meteorological and vegetation structure characteristics in a random forest model. In addition to demonstrating the greater importance of storm traits over vegetation traits in predicting event interception losses, this analysis showed that relationships between storm traits and interception losses differed among sites; these inconsistent relationships across sites limited the ability for any statistical model to perform well in predicting event-level interception losses across sites, which may justify the use of alternative approaches (e.g. process-based models).

关键词： rainfall partitioning remote sensing throughfall vegetation structure

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Pale Red Dot: A Large, Robust Architecture for Human Settlements on Mars

Pale Red Dot: A Large, Robust Architecture for Human Settlem...

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Accelerating Space Commerce, Exploration, and New Discovery Conference, ASCEND 2023

作者： Lordos, George Hoying, Madelyn McKinney, Lanie Webb, Alisa Lin, Yuying Martin, Estelle Beilstein, John Miller, Duncan Villegas, David Sepulveda, Francisco AlSadah, Yousif Iyer, Divya O’Neill, Cormac Patel, Palak Garcia, Ignacio Arzuaga Azzouz, H. Chan, Wing Lam Eyre, Ezra Gleason, Dane Romero, Elizabeth Arias, Liliana Orozco, Omar Gentgen, Chloe Latyshev, Kir Hoffman, Jeffrey de Weck, Olivier Ikinci, Meltem Lordos, Alexandros Aeronautics and Astronautics Massachusetts Institute of Technology 33-409 CambridgeMA02139 United States Massachusetts Institute of Technology Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology Program and MIT Aeronautics and Astronautics 33-409 CambridgeMA02139 United States Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Aeronautics and Astronautics Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Mass Ave. 33-409 CambridgeMA02139 United States System Design and Management Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Mass Ave. E40-300 CambridgeMA02139 United States Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Mass Ave. 33-409 CambridgeMA02139 United States Civil and Environmental Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Mass Ave. CambridgeMA02139 United States Electrical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Mass Ave. CambridgeMA02139 United States Nuclear Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Mass Ave. CambridgeMA02139 United States Computer Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Mass Ave. CambridgeMA02139 United States Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Mass Ave. 37-219 CambridgeMA02139 United States Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Mass Ave. 33-410 CambridgeMA02139 United States Behavioral Economics University of Cyprus Nicosia Cyprus Department of Psychology University of Cyprus Nicosia Cyprus

ISBN: (数字)9781624107054

ISBN: (纸本)9781624107054

We propose a ten-yearMars mission to establish Earth-independence and support efficient, safe, and sustainable science and exploration goals. The campaign begins with a series of precursor missions, starting with the Artemis program, followed by robotic missions to performsite surveys and selection, de-risk technologies, and to start stockpiling in-situ water and propellant. Robotic Cargo Starships would depart first in 2035 to deliver and deploy approximately 5,800 tons of habitats, nuclear microreactors, farmmodules, manufacturing and ISRU systems. In 2040, two Crew Starships carrying 36 persons would land onMars to establish two close-proximity villages. The lifecycle cost is estimated at $81 billion, with a peak annual cost of $6.6 billion. To meet RASC-AL competition requirements, intended to motivate the exploration of highly self-reliant architecture concepts, resupply from Earth was constrained to only 5 metric tons every two years and minimum surface endurance was set at 7 years. The risks to human life and to critical systems increase exponentially over a minimally-resupplied, 7-10 year mission toMars. Our approach focused on identifying capabilities to mitigate known and unknown risks. Using a high-fidelity crew time model, we found that large architectures, with their economies of scale and productivity gains from specialization, are essential to robustly support the necessary capabilities. The model also shows that small 7-year missions of 12 persons or less cannot provide value in terms of free surface traverse time for science and exploration. Given the necessity of a large, complex architecture, we then sought out efficiencies and synergies (value engineering) in order to make the mission feasible and affordable. In the process, we identified more benefits that are enabled only by large missions, including the creation of a true community on Mars with sufficient social complexity for humans to thrive, and the geopolitically compelling option to inclu

关键词： Value engineering

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The Effect of G. applanatum Crude Polysaccharide Extract on Proinflammatory Cytokines and Proapoptotic Caspases in HeLa Cell Line: An In Vitro Study

Advances in Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences

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Advances in Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical sciences 2023年第1期2023卷

作者： Susilo, Raden Joko Kuncoroningrat Hayaza, Suhailah Fikriyah, Nur'aini Musthoza, Fina Syifa'una Islamatasya, Ufairanisa Rohmatika, Aulia Umi Winarni, Dwi Wahyuningsih, Sri Puji Astuti Doong, Ruey-An Karsari, Deya Yanti, Aristika Dinar Fahmi, Mochammad Zakki Darmanto, Win Magister Program in Biology Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya 60115 Indonesia Department of Nanotechnology Engineering Faculty of Advance Technology and Multidiscipline Universitas Airlangga Surabaya 60115 Indonesia Department of Biology Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya 60115 Indonesia Institute of Analytical and Environmental Sciences National Tsing Hua University Sec. 2 Kuang Fu Road Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan Stem Cell Research and Development Center Universitas Airlangga Surabaya 60115 Indonesia Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya 60115 Indonesia Institute of Science Technology and Health Jombang 61419 Indonesia

Polysaccharide extracts exhibit promise as potential anticancer agents. Among the fungi rich in polysaccharide content, G. applanatum stands out;however, its anticancer activity necessitates further investigation. This study aims to explore the impact of G. applanatum crude polysaccharide (GACP) extract by assessing its effects on cell viability, levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-2, and IL-12, and levels of proapoptotic markers including caspase-3 and caspase-9, as well as the percentages of necrosis and apoptosis in the HeLa cell line. Employing the HeLa cell line as a research model, four groups were studied: KN (media and DMSO), K+ (doxorubicin 10 μg/mL), P1 (G. applanatum extract 200 μg/mL), and P2 (G. applanatum extract 400 μg/mL). The G. applanatum extract was obtained via boiling distilled water. Anticancer activity was evaluated through the MTT test (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) conducted over three treatment durations (24, 48, and 72 hours). Cytokine levels and caspase-3 and caspase-9 levels were assessed using the ELISA test. Cell apoptosis was determined using the Annexin V-PI biomarker and analyzed through flow cytometry. The MTT test exhibited optimal results at the 48-hour treatment mark. Cytokine level analysis revealed significant reductions in TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-2, and IL-12 levels (p < 0.005). Concurrently, caspase-3 and caspase-9 levels exhibited substantial increases (p < 0.005). Flow cytometry highlighted the highest percentage of apoptosis in HeLa cells. In conclusion, G. applanatum's polysaccharide extract demonstrates potential as an anticancer and therapeutic agent for cancer treatment. © 2023 Qurrotu A'yun et al.

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Comparing dry and wet sieving with laser diffraction to the hydrometer method for particle size analysis of sandy bioretention soil media

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Soil science Society of America Journal 2025年第3期89卷

作者： Joseph S. Smith R. Andrew Tirpak William R. Osterholz Ryan J. Winston Department of Food Agricultural and Biological Engineering The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio USA Environmental Science Graduate Program The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio USA USDA-ARS Soil Drainage Research Unit Columbus Ohio USA Department of Civil Environmental and Geodetic Engineering The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio USA Sustainability Institute The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio USA

Standardization of particle size analysis (PSA) is crucial to ensure the proper blending of stormwater filter media such as bioretention soil media (BSM). BSM typically contains >80% sand and is amended with organic matter and fines (silt and clay) to support pollutant removal. However, there is currently no standardized PSA method to verify whether BSM meets design specifications. This study compares three PSA methods—hydrometer, dry sieving with laser diffraction (DS + LD), and wet sieving with laser diffraction (WS + LD)—to evaluate their accuracy and repeatability for analyzing sandy BSM. Twenty-seven BSM samples were collected from three bioretention cells in Ohio. Substantial variability in results was observed depending on the BSM sample mass used in the hydrometer method. Triplicate BSM analyses by both DS + LD (83.9 ± 1.7% sand, 9.6 ± 3.0% silt, 6.5 ± 2.7% clay) and WS + LD (84.1 ± 1.7% sand, 10.6 ± 2.2% silt, 5.3 ± 1.7% clay) demonstrated high intra- and inter-method agreement, especially for sand content. The hydrometer and WS + LD methods were the most consistent for measuring clay content. We recommend measuring the sand and fines fractions separately after appropriate dispersion when conducting PSA on sandy soils like BSM. Although PSA requires additional time and cost, ensuring the proper delivery of well-characterized BSM outweighs the costs of potential bioretention cell clogging and reconstruction. The method used for BSM textural analysis should be reported by laboratories and on delivery of BSM. Future research should focus on BSM pretreatment methods prior to analysis of the mineral fraction to establish a standardized method for BSM PSA. This study looks at how to best measure particle sizes in soil engineered rain gardens called bioretention cells. Bioretention soil media (BSM) is made mostly of sand with some silt, clay, and organic matter to help filter pollutants from stormwater. There is no standard method to check if BSM is mixed correctl

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Cover Feature: Mechanistic Insight into Heteroatom Removal from Vacuum Gas Oil Blended with PMMA or PET Waste (ChemSusChem 15/2024)

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ChemSusChem 2024年第15期17卷

作者： Naydu Zambrano David Trueba Idoia Hita Roberto Palos Josune Azkoiti Alazne Gutiérrez Pedro Castaño Multiscale Reaction Engineering KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Department of Chemical Engineering University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU PO Box 644 48080 Bilbao Spain Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1 48013 Bilbao Spain Chemical Engineering Program Physical Science and Engineering (PSE) Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology

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Asymmetric response of the Western North Pacific tropical cyclone genesis to symmetric CO2 pathway

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npj Climate and Atmospheric science 2025年第1期8卷 1-15页

作者： Hyunsuk Yoon Seok-Woo Son Jong-Seong Kug Jaeyeon Lee Hyeong-Seog Kim Chao Liu Soon-Il An Seung-Ki Min Sang-Wook Yeh School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Seoul National University Seoul South Korea Interdisciplinary Program in Artificial Intelligence Seoul National University Seoul South Korea Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Program Princeton University Princeton NJ USA Ocean Science and Technology School Korea Maritime and Ocean University Busan South Korea Department of Atmospheric Sciences Yonsei University Seoul South Korea Division of Environmental Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) Pohang South Korea Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology Yonsei University Seoul South Korea Department of Marine Science and Convergence Engineering Hanyang University Ansan South Korea

The responses of the western North Pacific (WNP) tropical cyclone (TC) genesis and associated large-scale atmospheric environment to varying CO2pathways are investigated using an idealized CO2removal experiment. In the experiment, CO2concentration is first increased at the rate of 1% year−1until quadrupled and then decreased at the same rate until it reaches the initial level. Our results indicate asymmetric changes in WNP peak-season (July–September) TC genesis between CO2ramp-up and ramp-down periods, showing a significant reduction of TC genesis over the Philippine Sea and landfalling TCs in East Asia when the CO2concentration is reduced. Such TC activity changes are attributed to the development of WNP anticyclonic circulation in the ramp-down period, in association with an El Niño-like delayed response in sea surface temperature. This asymmetric response of WNP TC activities to symmetric CO2pathway may provide a reference for regional TC disaster prevention and preparations under mitigation conditions.

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Analysis study and experiments SEM-EDS of particles and porosity of empty fruit bunches

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Case Studies in Chemical and environmental engineering 2024年 9卷

作者： Erdiwansyah Gani, Asri Desvita, Hera Mahidin Viena, Vera Mamat, Rizalman Sardjono, Ratnaningsih Eko Faculty of Engineering Universitas Serambi Mekkah Banda Aceh 23245 Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia Oil Palm and Coconut Research Center Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management Universitas Serambi Mekkah Banda Aceh 23245 Indonesia Research Center for Chemistry National Research and Innovation Agency B.J. Habibie Science and Techno Park Serpong Banten South Tangerang 15314 Indonesia Department of Environment Engineering Universitas Serambi Mekkah Banda Aceh 23245 Indonesia Centre for Automotive Engineering Universiti Malaysia Pahang Pekan 26600 Malaysia Chemistry Program Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Setiabudi 229 Bandung 40154 Indonesia

Palm oil biomass waste has a high energy value and can be converted into fuel. However, the high ash content from burning biomass waste is undesirable. This research aims to analyze the porosity values and length of particles from empty-fruit-bunches biomass samples different treatments. Analysis of the porosity and particle length of empty fruit bunches is the latest in this research. The analysis results show that the R-Square value with the regression model for each sample is (raw 0.88375, flowrate 1L/sec 0.99997, and temperature 30 °C 0.99996). Meanwhile, porosity value of each sample (raw 84.55 %, flowrate 1L/sec 89.08%, temperature 30 °C 88.50 %). © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Biocoke fuel Energy production Experimental analysis SEM-EDS Sustainable fuel

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Sequential Action-Based Dynamic Decision-Support Model for Urban Ecological Planning

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Kim, Eun Sub Yun, Seok Hwan Kim, Ji Yeon Thorne, James H. Hyun, Jung Hee Lee, Dong Kun Interdisciplinary Program in Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Integrated Major in Smart City Global Convergence Program Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Specialized Graduate School of Intelligent Eco-Science 4 Dept. of Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Smart Green Solution Team SK forest Department of Environmental Science and Policy University of California One Shields Ave DavisCA95616 United States Systemic Risk and Resilience Research Group Advancing Systems Analysis International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Austria Department of Landscape Architecture and Rural System Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of

Decision-makers often encounter the challenge of efficient long-term ecological planning to consider economic and environmental trade-offs. However, tools to support stepwise mitigation strategies that account for dynamic ecological responses to continuing urban development are limited. Therefore, we developed a sequential action-based dynamic decision-making model to simulate stepwise mitigation measures in space over time using a multi-objective optimization algorithm. We focused on exploring the ecological corridors and habitat creation as mitigation measures through four decades to identify trade-offs and optimal plans that minimize landscape connectivity and edge density as ecological responses to urban development and minimize implementation costs per action. The results showed that adopting an initial low-investment strategy with sequential planning significantly enhanced potential ecological benefits beyond the 2000s compared with one-action planning. In contrast, the initial high-cost investment exhibited a gradual decline in the ecological benefits over time from 1995. The initial low-cost investment presented an opportunity to enhance ecological benefits by implementing early mitigation measures in locations capable of sustaining long-term ecological functions. The results suggest that sequential planning offers valuable insights into effective urban ecological planning by analyzing time-series data. This study enables step-by-step scenario testing, thereby supporting the facilitation of urban and regional sustainability planning. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Decision making

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