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SSRN 2023年

作者： Sartimbul, Aida Anjeli, Ulfa Gita Sulistiyati, Titik Dwi Yona, Defri Iranawati, Feni Seftiyawan, Fahreza Okta Aliviyanti, Dian Lauro, Federico M. Matallana-Surget, Sabine Magister Program of Aquaculture Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Universitas Brawijaya Jalan Veteran East Java Malang65145 Indonesia Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science Universitas Brawijaya Jalan Veteran East Java Malang65145 Indonesia Universitas Brawijaya Jalan Veteran East Java Malang65145 Indonesia Asian School of the Environment Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore639798 Singapore Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering Nanyang Technological University 60 Nanyang Drive Singapore637551 Singapore Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences Faculty of Natural Sciences University of Stirling StirlingFK9 4LA United Kingdom

The widespread use of plastic has led to the accumulation of plastic waste in various sizes, including the so called Microplastics (MPs). The entry of MPs into aquatic ecosystems can contaminate the organisms, particularly fish. This study report for the first time a quantitative and qualitative analysis conducted on the abundance of MPs encountered in water and sediment of milkfish aquaculture ponds in Gresik, East Java, Indonesia. Water and sediment samples were collected at three stations between February to April 2021. The abundance of MPs was analyzed using the one-way ANOVA test and Pearson's correlation. The presence of four types of MPs: fragments, fibers, films, and pellets. The highest abundance of MPs in both water (10.40 particle/L) and sediment samples (1.15 particle/g) was observed in March. The predominant MPs size in the water samples is 100 - 500 µm, while in the sediment below 100 µm. The color of the MPs varied across eight colors: black, purple, red, blue, yellow, pink, green, and transparent. The identification of MPs polymers was found to be polypropylene (PP), Polyurethane (PU), Polycarbonate (PC), Polyethylene terephthalate (PETE), High-density polyethylene (HDPE) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE). The presence of MPs in the water column and sediments is influenced by human activities around the ponds. Hence, MPs can cause harm to aquatic organisms through tropical transfer. This study provides good information for the local government to develop waste management strategies for a clean environment and human health. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Sediments

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High-temperature mid-IR absorption and reaction kinetics of 2-methyl-1,3-dioxolane: An experimental and theoretical study

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Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology 2023年 13卷

作者： Adil, Mohammad Giri, Binod Raj Mai, Tam V.-T. Szőri, Milán Huynh, Lam K. Farooq, Aamir Mechanical Engineering Program Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia KAUST Clean Combustion Research Center King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Saudi Arabia Molecular Science and Nano-Materials Lab Institute for Computational Science and Technology SBI Building Quang Trung Software City Tan Chanh Hiep Ward District 12 Ho Chi Minh Viet Nam University of Science Vietnam National University – HCMC 227 Nguyen Van Cu Ward 4 District 5 Ho Chi Minh Viet Nam Vietnam National University – HCMC Quarter 6 Linh Trung Ward Thu Duc Ho Chi Minh Viet Nam Institute of Chemistry University of Miskolc Egyetemváros A/2 Miskolc H-3515 Hungary School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering International University Quarter 6 Linh Trung Ward Thu Duc City Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam

This work reports the mid-IR spectroscopy and reaction kinetics of 2-methyl-1,3-dioxolane (2M13DO). We carried out spectroscopic measurements to deduce temperature-dependent absorption cross-sections of 2M13DO over a broad wavelength range of 8.4–10.5 μm (950–1190 cm⁻¹). For these measurements, we employed a rapidly tuning MIRcat-QT™ laser that can be operated either at a fixed wavelength or scanned mode over wide wavelength regions. By operating the laser at a fixed wavelength, we monitored the decay of 2M13DO behind reflected shock waves over T₅ = 1050–1400 K and P₅ = 0.7 and 2.6 bar. Our measured concentration time-histories of 2M13DO allowed us to directly extract the overall rate coefficients for the unimolecular decomposition of 2M13DO using the first-order rate law. We did not observe any pressure dependence in the measured rate coefficients, indicating that the reaction is close to the high-pressure limit. By employing the W1U composite method, we explored the important pyrolysis reaction pathways of 2M13DO in the reactive potential energy surface. Three important reaction channels, namely, 2M13DO → CH₂[dbnd]CHOCH₂CH₂OH (IM1), 2M13DO → 2CH₃CHO (P3), 2M13DO → CH₃ + 1,3-dioxolan-2-yl (P4) were identified. Below 700 K, IM1 forming channel is dominant, whereas CH₃CHO formation is dominant under our experimental conditions. Above 1500 K, the radical forming channel (CH₃+P4) takes over other channels. At higher temperatures, the contribution of the radical forming channel continually increases, accounting for ∼ 99% at 2000 K. We used the stochastic RRKM-ME model to predict the pressure and temperature dependence of the rate coefficients, k(T, P), and time-resolved species profiles. Our theory showed excellent agreement with the measured rate coefficients. These are the first direct determination of the rate coefficients of the unimolecular decomposition of

关键词： 2-Methyl-1,3-dioxolane Absorption spectra High-temperature Pyrolysis RRKM-ME calculations Shock tube

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AstroPix: A Pixelated HVCMOS Sensor for Space-Based Gamma-Ray Measurement

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Steinhebel, Amanda L. Caputo, Regina Violette, Daniel P. Affolder, Anthony Bauman, Autumn Chinatti, Carolyn Deshmukh, Aware Fadayev, Vitaliy Fukazawa, Yasushi Jadhav, Manoj Kierans, Carolyn Kim, Bobae Kim, Jihee Klest, Henry Kroger, Olivia Kumar, Kavic Kushima, Shin Lauenstein, Jean-Marie Leys, Richard Martinez-Mckinney, Forest Metcalfe, Jessica Metzler, Zachary Mitchell, John W. Nakano, Norito Ott, Jennifer Peric, Ivan Perkins, Jeremy S. Rudin, Max R. Shin, Taylor K.W. Sommer, Grant Striebig, Nicolas Suda, Yusuke Tajima, Hiroyasu Valverde, Janeth Zurek, Maria NASA Postdoctoral Program NASA Goddard Space Flight Center MD United States University of California Santa CruzCA United States University of Colorado DenverCO United States NASA Office of STEM Engagement WashingtonDC United States Carleton College Minnesota United States Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology Maryland United States Physics Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Japan Argonne National Laboratory Illinois United States University of Maryland MD United States Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research Nagoya University Japan Karlsruher Institut für Technologie Germany Rice University TX United States The George Washington University WashingtonDC United States Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute for the Origin of Particles and the Universe Nagoya University Japan Department of Physics Center for Space Sciences and Technology University of Maryland Baltimore CountyMD United States

A next-generation medium-energy gamma-ray telescope targeting the MeV range would address open questions in astrophysics regarding how extreme conditions accelerate cosmic-ray particles, produce relativistic jet outflows, and more. One concept, AMEGO-X, relies upon the mission-enabling CMOS Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor silicon chip AstroPix. AstroPix is designed for space-based use, featuring low noise, low power consumption, and high scalability. Desired performance of the device include an energy resolution of 5 keV (or 10% FWHM) at 122 keV and a dynamic range per-pixel of 25 − 700 keV, enabled by the addition of a high-voltage bias to each pixel which supports a depletion depth of 500 μm. This work reports on the status of the AstroPix development process with emphasis on the current version under test, version three (v3), and highlights of version two (v2). Version 3 achieves energy resolution of 10.4 ± 3.2% at 59.5 keV and 94 ± 6 μm depletion in a low-resistivity test silicon substrate. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Cosmology

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Canopy cover estimation based on support vector regression derived from Lidar & Landsat 8 OLI 40

Canopy cover estimation based on support vector regression d...

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40th Asian Conference on Remote Sensing: Progress of Remote Sensing Technology for Smart Future, ACRS 2019

作者： Hudjimartsu, Sahid Tampinongkol, Felliks Rudianto, Yoga Setiawan, Yudi Prasetyo, Lilik Budi Forests2020 Programme Environmental Analysis and Spatial Modelling Laboratory Department of Forest Resource Conservation Faculty of Forestry Bogor Agricultural University Bogor West Java Indonesia Geoinformatic of Informatics Engineering Study Program Faculty of Engineering and Science Ibn Khaldun University Jalan KH Soleh Iskandar KM 2 Tanah Sereal Bogor West Jawa Indonesia

Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) provides geospatial information with massive amounts of data to use in a variety of applications. Canopy cover percentage of tree crown is one application that is estimated through LiDAR data. This study aims to estimate a canopy cover derived from LiDAR used as reference data with multispectral Landsat 8 OLI. Statistical or machine learning approaches can be used to estimate a canopy cover. In statistical inference, the form of distribution chosen by the analyst and parameter is estimated from the data. This will be a problem in the construction function for the National scale, due to many ecosystems and then will have many functions for each ecosystem. Machine learning (ML) methods, in contrast, are various kinds of algorithms that are used to learn the mapping function or classification rules inductively, directly from the training data. ML can solve problems related to big data and global method and it will be used as a methodical approach to estimate canopy cover on the National scale. In this study, we use a support vector regression (SVR) as ML method to estimate the canopy cover. The estimated percentage of canopy cover will be used as one of the parameters to classify a forest. © 2020 40th Asian Conference on Remote Sensing, ACRS 2019: "Progress of Remote Sensing Technology for Smart Future". All rights reserved.

关键词： Ecosystems

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Nonclassical Hydrogen Bond-Based Efficient Solid-State Organic Emitters Enabled by a Synergistic Anion and Mechanical Bond Effect

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Angewandte Chemie 2025年第23期137卷

作者： Yi An Ru Zhou Ningjin Zhang Aocheng Chen Junfei Xing Shu Zhang Quan Li Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China Materials Science Graduate Program Kent State University Kent Ohio 44242 USA

Traditional fluorophores often face aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ), limiting their efficacy in high-concentration applications. We demonstrate that a combined effect of anion and mechanical bond can significantly increase fluorescence intensity, up to 14-fold, and a quantum yield of 97.0%. A large number of crystal analyses reveal that this enhancement is primarily driven by nonclassical hydrogen bonds, which stabilize the structure and restrict molecular motion. The versatility of this synergistic effect opens up new avenues for applications, including circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) facilitated by chiral anions and the development of a fluorescence switchable rotaxane shuttle-based stimuli-responsive material.

关键词： Anion Circularly polarized luminescence Mechanical bond Nonclassical hydrogen bond Stimuli-responsive materials

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Geospatial model of organophosphate insecticide residues in shallot land in Wanasari Sub-district, Brebes Regency, Central Java Province, Indonesia 5

Geospatial model of organophosphate insecticide residues in ...

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5th International Conference on Energy, environmental and Information System, ICENIS 2020

作者： Indratin Arief Budihardjo, Mochamad Helmi, Muhammad Master Program of Environmental Science School of Postgraduate Studies Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Departement of Environmental Engineering Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Oceanography Department Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Center of Coastal Rehabilitation and Disaster Mitigation Studies [CoREM Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Indonesian Agricultural Environment Research Institute [IAERI Agriculture Agency of Idn Indonesia

Organophosphates are a group of chemicals that are still allowed to be used in Indonesia and much preferred by most farmers. Excessive usage of organophosphate is expected to contaminate the soil, water, plants, the environment and humans. This research was aimed to create the geospatial models of organophosphate insecticide residues which consist of Chlorpyrifos, Diazinon and Profenofos on farms of shallots production centers. The research was performed in the field of shallots production agriculture in Wanasari sub-district, Brebes Regency in March-June 2020. The extraction of multiresidue pesticides method used was the QuECheRS and the measurement of residues used the 2014 GC Shimadzu with Electron Capture Detector (ECD) which was carried out in the IAERI Laboratory. Meanwhile, the geospatial modeling of organophosphate insecticide residues was done by using the Spline Interpolation method in ArcGIS 10.4, which was carried out in Diponegoro University's CoREM laboratory. The analysis of soil samples taken from 44 sampling points showed that the Organophosphate insecticide Chlorpyrifos was at the level of © The Authors, published by EDP sciences, 2020.

关键词： Interpolation

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Exploring the Social Metabolism of Urban Wastewater Reuse: Analysis Framework and a Case Study in South-Central Chile

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Neumann, Patricio Hidalgo, Steven Diaz, Michelle Quintana, Carlos Madrid-López, Cristina Basic Sciences Department Faculty of Sciences Universidad del Bío-Bío. Chillán Chile ANID FONDAP 15130015 Chile Ñuble Studies Center Universidad del Bío-Bío. Chillán Chile Doctoral program in Sciences with mention in Renewable Natural Resources Faculty of Sciences Universidad del Bío-Bío. Chillán Chile Natural Resources Engineering program Faculty of Sciences Universidad del Bío-Bío. Chillán Chile LIVEN lab SosteniPra group Institute for Environmental Science and Technology Autonomous University of Barcelona Catalunya Spain

Despite its relevance for copying with water scarcity in cities, wastewater reuse aches from the complexity and trade-offs of its implementation. Therefore, holistic evaluation methods are necessary to assess its potential, constrains, and socio-ecological impacts. In this study, wastewater reuse sustainability was assessed from a social metabolism perspective, and with a focus to a case study in South-Central Chile. An analysis that joints Material Flow accounting and Multiscale Integrated Assessment of Societal and Ecological Metabolism (MuSIASEM) tool was performed for several cities. Indicators of water use and performance were calculated, and the feasibility, viability and desirability of different reuse strategies was *** results reveal the pattern of water use at different levels, highlighting the potential of wastewater reuse to improve urban self-sufficiency, replace water in relevant economic activities at the regional level, and avoid the environmental impacts of wastewater discharge. However, effluent quality and the fluctuations observed in wastewater flow limit the viability of some alternatives. Furthermore, reuse was socially accepted only when contact with water is reduced. The proposed framework integrated relevant issues of wastewater reuse, representing a useful tool that can be complemented with in-depth assessments of critical problems. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Metabolism

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Landscape Design for Improved Thermal Environment: An Optimized Tree Arrangement Design for Climate-Responsive Outdoor Spaces in Residential Buildings

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Kim, Ji Yeon Park, Chae Yeon Hyun, Jung Hee Kim, Sang Hyuck Yun, Seok Hwan Lee, Dong Kun Interdisciplinary Program in Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Integrated Major in Smart City Global Convergence Program Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Specialized Graduate School of Intelligent Eco-Science Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Smart Green Solution team SK forest Seoul Korea Republic of National Institute for Environmental Studies 16-2 Onogawa Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8506 Japan Systemic Risk and Resilience Research Group Advancing Systems Analysis International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Austria Department of Landscape Architecture and Rural System Engineering Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of

The heat reduction effect of trees has been investigated through numerical simulations;however, there are still challenges to applying the scientific results to the planning process due to the model's complexity and the computational resources required. This study investigates a rapid spatial evaluation method for heat stress potential, measured by mean radiant temperature (MRT), by decomposing radiation into sub-radiation using a multilayer MRT model. This method also enables the reproduction of optimized layouts considering the effect of tree arrangement in residential buildings. Multi-objectives were achieved through an evolutionary algorithm, resulting in more effective design layouts combining tree types and arrangements, all within a standard budget. By adopting this study's approach, landscape designers can create climate-responsive tree layouts with reduced heat exposure and generate customized planting designs tailored to their preferences. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Decision making

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A-STEP: The AstroPix Sounding Rocket Technology Demonstration Payload

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Violette, Daniel P. Steinhebel, Amanda Roy, Abhradeep Boggs, Ryan Caputo, Regina Durachka, David Fukazawa, Yasushi Hashizume, Masaki Hesh, Scott Jadhav, Manoj Kierans, Carolyn Kumar, Kavic Kushima, Shin Leys, Richard Metcalfe, Jessica Metzler, Zachary Nakano, Norito Peric, Ivan Perkins, Jeremy Seo, Lindsey Taylor Shin, K.-W. Striebig, Nicolas Suda, Yusuke Tajima, Hiroyasu NASA Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMD United States United States Physics Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan NASA Wallops Flight Facility Wallops IslandVA United States Argonne National Laboratory LemontIL United States Department of Physics University of Maryland College ParkMD United States Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research Nagoya University Aichi Japan ASIC and Detector Laboratory Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe Germany Institute for Particle Physics University of California Santa CruzCA United States

A next-generation medium-energy (100 keV to 100 MeV) gamma-ray observatory will greatly enhance the identification and characterization of multimessenger sources in the coming decade. Coupling gamma-ray spectroscopy, imaging, and polarization to neutrino and gravitational wave detections will develop our understanding of various astrophysical phenomena including compact object mergers, supernovae remnants, active galactic nuclei and gamma-ray bursts. An observatory operating in the MeV energy regime requires technologies that are capable of measuring Compton scattered photons and photons interacting via pair production. AstroPix is a monolithic high voltage CMOS active pixel sensor which enables future gamma-ray telescopes in this energy range. AstroPix’s design is iterating towards low-power (∼1.5 mW/cm2), high spatial (500 µm pixel pitch) and spectral (2 building block of future large area AstroPix instruments, such as ComPair-2 and AMEGO-X. This payload will be the first demonstration of AstroPix detectors operated in a space environment and will demonstrate the technology’s readiness for future astrophysical and nuclear physics applications. In this work, we overview the design and state of development of the A-STEP payload. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Photons

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Applications of engineered biochar in remediation of heavy metal(loid)s pollution from wastewater: Current perspectives toward sustainable development goals

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science of the Total Environment 2024年 926卷 171859页

作者： Tran, Thien-Khanh Huynh, Loan Nguyen, Hoang-Lam Nguyen, Minh-Ky Lin, Chitsan Hoang, Tuan-Dung Hung, Nguyen Tri Q. Nguyen, X. Hoan Chang, S. Woong Nguyen, D. Duc Advanced Applied Sciences Research Group Dong Nai Technology University Bien Hoa City76100 Viet Nam Faculty of Technology Dong Nai Technology University Bien Hoa City76100 Viet Nam Department of Civil Engineering McGill University Montreal Canada Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources Nong Lam University Hamlet 6 Linh Trung Ward Thu Duc City Ho Chi Minh City700000 Viet Nam Ph.D. Program in Maritime Science and Technology National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung81157 Taiwan Department of Marine Environmental Engineering National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung81157 Taiwan School of Chemistry and Life Science Hanoi University of Science and Technology No. 1 Dai Co Viet Hai Ba Trung Hanoi100000 Viet Nam Vietnam National University Hanoi - School of Interdisciplinary Sciences and Arts 144 Xuan Thuy Street Cau Giay District Hanoi100000 Viet Nam Ho Chi Minh City University of Industry and Trade Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam Department of Civil & Energy System Engineering Kyonggi University Suwon16227 Korea Republic of Institute of Applied Technology and Sustainable Development Nguyen Tat Thanh University Ho Chi Minh City700000 Viet Nam

environmental pollution of heavy metal(loid)s (HMs) caused adverse impacts, has become one of the emerging concerns and challenges worldwide. Metal(loid)s can pose significant threats to living organisms even when present in trace levels within environmental matrices. Extended exposure to these substances can lead to adverse health consequences in humans. Removing HM-contaminated water and moving toward sustainable development goals (SDGs) is critical. In this mission, biochar has recently gained attention in the environmental sector as a green and alternative material for wastewater removal. This work provides a comprehensive analysis of the remediation of typical HMs by biochars, associated with an understanding of remediation mechanisms, and gives practical solutions for ecologically sustainable. Applying engineered biochar in various fields, especially with nanoscale biochar-aided wastewater treatment approaches, can eliminate hazardous metal(loid) contaminants, highlighting an environmentally friendly and low-cost method. Surface modification of engineered biochar with nanomaterials is a potential strategy that positively influences its sorption capacity to remove contaminants. The research findings highlighted the biochars' ability to adsorb HM ions based on increased specific surface area (SSA), heightened porosity, and forming inner-sphere complexes with oxygen-rich groups. Utilizing biochar modification emerged as a viable approach for addressing lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), and chromium (Cr) pollution in aqueous environments. Most biochars investigated demonstrated a removal efficiency >90 % (Cd, As, Hg) and can reach an impressive 99 % (Pb and Cr). Furthermore, biochar and advanced engineered applications are also considered alternative solutions based on the circular economy. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Nanostructured materials

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