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International Conference on Food science and Technology 2018, ICFST 2018

作者： Yaqin, N. Al-Baarri, A.N. Legowo, A.M. Widayat Budihardjo, M.A. Program of Environmental Science School of Post-Graduate Studies Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Food Technology Department Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Chemical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Center of Research and Services Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Department of Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Indonesia

Cassava is an agricultural material that is considered as important raw resources in the industrial sector. The benefits are even greater after being modified using lactic acid bacteria. However, the mocaf industry often causes water and air pollution. environmental problems arise after the fermentation process. Determination problems with lightness, TDS (Total Dissolved Solid), conductivity and pH analysis are required to measure the impact to the environment. This research was used waste water from mocaf during 3 days fermentation. The wastewater had the highest color level (Lightness) on initial day of fermentation at 83.7±3.73 and then decrease along the day of fermentation at the averages of 65.2±2.0. The highest TDS was resulted from the mocaf wastewater at a value of 1218 ± 4.6 ppm which continued to decline until day 4. The conductivity and pH showed a decrease along the day of fermentation. As conclusion, physical characteristic of wastewater from mocaf production could be analyzed specifically and determined through color, TDS, conductivity, and pH. © 2019 Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Fermentation

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Production of recycled fibers from used aseptic carton for producing packaging paper II-Effect of fibers separated from used aseptic carton on the paper properties

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Palpu Chongi Gisul/Journal of Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry 2019年第4期51卷 13-20页

作者： Lee, Tae Joo Kim, Doo Hyun Kim, Kwang Jin Ryu, Jeong Yong Lee, Myeong Ku Forest Products Department Chemistry Division National Institute of Forest Science Seoul02455 Korea Republic of Taelim Paper Co.. Ltd. Gyeonggi15609 Korea Republic of Tetrapak Korea Seoul04349 Korea Republic of Program of Paper Science and Engineering College of Forest and Environmental Sciences Kangwon National University Chuncheon24341 Korea Republic of

Strength properties of packaging papers are important to be able to resist external forces that are loaded and packed. Packaging papers in Korea have been almost made of recycled fibers such as KOCC (Korean old corrugated containers) which is a major fibrous materials for producing packaging papers. However, fiber properties of KOCC have been deteriorated by repeated recycling. They make negative effects on the strength properties. Under those circumstances it is necessary to investigate a new raw material for improvement of paper strength. Fibers from UAC (used aseptic carton) could be an alternative since it consisted of unbleached kraft pulp which occupied about 80% of UAC weight. In this study effect of the fibers from UAC on paper properties was studied. Strength properties of handsheets made of UAC fibers were much better than that of the other recycled fibers such as DLK (double lined kraft cutting), UGT (used gable top), and KOCC. In terms of disintegration, UAC fibers disintegrated together with KOCC were extracted without difficulty Additionally strength properties of handsheets made of KOCC and UAC fibers were increased by blending UAC fibers up to 6%. The increase of strength properties of packaging paper could be promoted by blending ratio of UAC fibers. © 2019 Korean Technical Assoc. of the Pulp and Paper Industry. All rights reserved.

关键词： Fibers

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Automated integration of continental-scale observations in near-real time for simulation and analysis of biosphere-atmosphere interactions 17th

Automated integration of continental-scale observations in n...

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17th Smoky Mountains Computational sciences and engineering Conference, SMC 2020

作者： Durden, David J. Metzger, Stefan Chu, Housen Collier, Nathan Davis, Kenneth J. Desai, Ankur R. Kumar, Jitendra Wieder, William R. Xu, Min Hoffman, Forrest M. National Ecological Observatory Network Program Battelle BoulderCO80301 United States Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences University of Wisconsin MadisonWI53706 United States Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94702 United States Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN37831 United States Department of Meteorology and Atmospheric Science and Earth and Environmental Systems Institute The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Bredesen Center University of Tennessee KnoxvilleTN37996 United States Climate and Global Dynamics Laboratory National Center for Atmospheric Research BoulderCO80307 United States Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Tennessee KnoxvilleTN37996 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783030633929

The National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) is a continental-scale observatory with sites across the US collecting standardized ecological observations that will operate for multiple decades. To maximize the utility of NEON data, we envision edge computing systems that gather, calibrate, aggregate, and ingest measurements in an integrated fashion. Edge systems will employ machine learning methods to cross-calibrate, gap-fill and provision data in near-real time to the NEON Data Portal and to High Performance Computing (HPC) systems, running ensembles of Earth system models (ESMs) that assimilate the data. For the first time gridded EC data products and response functions promise to offset pervasive observational biases through evaluating, benchmarking, optimizing parameters, and training new machine learning parameterizations within ESMs all at the same model-grid scale. Leveraging open-source software for EC data analysis, we are already building software infrastructure for integration of near-real time data streams into the International Land Model Benchmarking (ILAMB) package for use by the wider research community. We will present a perspective on the design and integration of end-to-end infrastructure for data acquisition, edge computing, HPC simulation, analysis, and validation, where Artificial Intelligence (AI) approaches are used throughout the distributed workflow to improve accuracy and computational performance. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020.

关键词： Data acquisition

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Economic Value of Water Yields on Critical Land Conservation in Kuranji Watershed

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and environmental science 2021年第1期757卷

作者： E G Ekaputra Yonariza D Wardiman Department of Agricultural and Biosystem Engineering Faculty of Agricultural Technology Andalas University Department of Environmental Science Postgraduate Program Andalas University

The Kuranji watershed has a complex problem which cannot be studied with a single scientific approach. In addition to an ecological approach it is also necessary to consider social and economic influences. Conserving areas that have a negative impact on watersheds, such as critical lands, is one of the efforts made to conserve watersheds will reducing costs and speeding up the recovery. The aim of this research is to estimate the economic value of the water yield of the Kuranji watershed on land conservation efforts. To get the economic value of water yield in the watershed, the non-market price approach method is used with the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM). The results showed that there were 356.10 ha of critical land in the Kuranji watershed that could be conserved. The value of water yield in existing land use conditions is greater than water yield in land use conditions influenced by conservation efforts. In this study, it was determined that the estimated economic value of water yield in the Kuranji watershed is 272 IDR/m3 of water. This is supported with a conservation value of 80% of critical land.

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The potency of hydrothermally prepared sulfated silica (SO4/SiO2) as a heterogeneous acid catalyst for ethanol dehydration into diethyl ether

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Chemosphere 2023年第1期341卷

作者： Pratika, Remi Ayu Wijaya, Karna Utami, Maisari Mulijani, Sri Patah, Aep Alarifi, Saud Ram Mani, Ravishankar Kumar Yadav, Krishna Ravindran, Balasubramani Chung, Woo Jin Chang, Soon Woong Munusamy-Ramanujam, Ganesh Study Program of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Palangka Raya Palangka Raya Indonesia Department of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta55281 Indonesia Department of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Islam Indonesia Yogyakarta55584 Indonesia Department of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Institut Pertanian Bogor Bogor Indonesia Department of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung Indonesia Department of Zoology College of Science King Saud University P.O. Box 2455 Riyadh11451 Saudi Arabia Department of Pharmaceutical Biology Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences UCSI University Cheras Taman Connaught Kuala Lumpur56000 Malaysia Faculty of Science and Technology Madhyanchal Professional University Ratibad Bhopal462044 India Environmental and Atmospheric Sciences Research Group Scientific Research Center Al-Ayen University Thi-Qar Nasiriyah 64001 Iraq Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering Kyonggi University Yeongtong-Gu Gyeonggi-Do Suwon16227 Korea Republic of Department of Medical Biotechnology and Integrative Physiology Institute of Biotechnology Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Thandalam Tamil Nadu Chennai602105 India Molecular Biology and Immunobiology Division Interdisciplinary Institute of Indian System of Medicine SRM-IST Tamil Nadu Kattankulathur603203 India

The dehydration of ethanol into diethyl ether over a SO4/SiO2 catalyst was investigated. The SO4/SiO2 catalysts were prepared by the sulfation method using 1, 2, and 3 M of sulfuric acid (SS1, SS2, and SS3) via hydrothermal treatment. This study is focused on the synthesis of a SO4/SiO2 catalyst with high total acidity that can be subsequently utilized to convert ethanol into diethyl ether. The total acidity test revealed that the sulfation process increased the total acidity of SiO2. The SS2 catalyst (with 2 M sulfuric acid) displayed the highest total acidity of 7.77 mmol/g, whereas the SiO2 total acidity was only 0.11 mmol/g. Meanwhile, the SS3 catalyst (with 3 M sulfuric acid) has a lower total acidity of 7.09 mmol/g due to the distribution of sulfate groups on the surface having reached its optimum condition. The crystallinity and structure of the SS2 catalyst were not affected by the hydrothermal treatment or the sulfate process on silica. Furthermore, The SS2 catalyst characteristics in the presence of sulfate lead to a flaky surface in the morphology and non-uniform particle size. In addition, the surface area and pore volume of the SS2 catalyst decreased (482.56–172.26 m2/g) and (0.297–0.253 cc/g), respectively, because of the presence of sulfate on the silica surface. The SS2 catalyst's pore shape information explains the formation of non-uniform pore sizes and shapes. Finally, the activity and selectivity of SO4/SiO2 catalysts in the conversion of ethanol to diethyl ether yielded the highest ethanol conversion of 70.01% and diethyl ether product of 9.05% from the SS2 catalyst (the catalyst with the highest total acidity). Variations in temperature reaction conditions (175–225 °C) show an optimum reaction temperature to produce diethyl ether at 200 °C (11.36%). © 2023 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Silica

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Spatiotemporal changes in land cover land use in protected areas of Serra da Mantiqueira, Southeastern Brazil

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environmental Challenges 2021年 4卷

作者： da Silva, Ismael Aparecido Dupas, Francisco Antonio Costa, Carlos Wilmer Medeiros, Grasiela de Oliveira Rodrigues de Souza, Alessandra Ribeiro Graduate Program in Energy Engineering Federal University of Itajubá Itajubá Minas Gerais Brazil Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences Federal University of São Carlos São Paulo Brazil Department of Civil Engineering Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Natal Rio Grande do Norte Brazil Earth System Science Center National Institute of Spacial Research São José dos Campos São Paulo Brazil

An assessment of the dynamics of land cover and use in and around a Protected Area (PA) located in the Área de Preservação Ambiental da Serra da Mantiqueira (APASM;Mantiqueira Mountain Range environmental Protection Area) and Parque Nacional do Itatiaia (PNI;Itatiaia National Park) has been developed. This PA is part of the Brazilian Mata Atlântica (MA;Atlantic Forest) biome, which is of great importance in providing water resources and in biodiversity maintenance since it is one of the largest and most populated urban centers in Brazil. In two contiguous drainage basins, with an area of 24,757.65 hectares (ha), proposals have been sought that lead to monitoring of forests pressured by anthropic actions that have as an inductor vehicle the roads built around the PA. Results obtained by Remote Sensing (RS) data show that pasture areas have grown 43% between 1985 and 2005 and forest areas have declined 20% in the same period. However, between 2005 and 2017, there was a 22% decline in pasture area and rehabilitation in forest areas by 26%. Urban spots have steadily grown by nearly 120% between 1985 and 2017. In a Geographic Information System (GIS) environment and using multiple-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) with a weighted sum to environmental attributes of roads and urban spots, it has also been verified that 85% of the study area is under high or very high pressure, which can jeopardize the maintenance of biodiversity and water resources in the region due to population increase induced by secondary roads and their paving, which moves towards the PNI limits. © 2021

关键词： Atlantic forest GIS National park Park road Remote sensing Territorial dynamics

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Life cycle assessment and leather production

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Journal of Leather science and engineering 2020年第1期2卷 321-333页

作者： Diego Navarro Jianhui Wu Wei Lin Pere Fullana-i-Palmer Rita Puig Environmental Engineering doctoral program Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya(UPC)C/Jordi Girona 1-308034 BarcelonaSpain Curtidos Badia SAU c/Sol5208700 IgualadaSpain Department of Biomass and Leather Engineering Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering of Ministry of EducationSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China UNESCO Chair in Life Cycle and Climate Change ESCI-UPF Pompeu Fabra UniversityPg.Pujades 108003 BarcelonaSpain Department of Computer Science and Industrial Engineering Universitat de Lleida(UdL)Pla de la Massa808700 IgualadaSpain

Leather industry is facing new trends on production and consumption patterns due to society *** economy is proposing a transition from the current economic model to a more sustainable one,in which waste is designed out and resources will be reused and recycled as long as *** this transition,Life Cycle Assessment(LCA)is an important tool to help *** the present review,39 English-written peer-reviewed papers related to LCA and leather have been found,30 of which were published in the last 6 years,meaning LCA is nowadays an important *** are presented within 4 types,focused on:1)the whole leather production process,2)a single step in the production process(e.g,new technologies for unhairing),3)waste treatment and recycling,and 4)life cycle thinking with ideas on long-term strategies for leather *** discussed in the literature review,leather industry has important challenges to address:increasing sustainability and transparency on the supply chain,and strengthening the beauty of *** up these challenges from a life cycle perspective will help leather industry flourish in the coming future.

关键词： Circular economy Life cycle thinking Inventory data Tanning processes Leather sustainability

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Stretchable ultrasonic transducer arrays for three-dimensional imaging on complex surfaces 12

Stretchable ultrasonic transducer arrays for three-dimension...

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12th International Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring: Enabling Intelligent Life-Cycle Health Management for Industry Internet of Things (IIOT), IWSHM 2019

作者： Zhu, Xuan Hu, Hongjie Sternini, Simone Xu, Sheng Di Scalea, Francesco Lanza Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Utah United States Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California San Diego United States NDE SHM Laboratory University of California San Diego San DiegoCA92093 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781605956015

Ultrasonic imaging technology has been widely implemented in the fields of medical imaging, non-destructive evaluation, and structural health monitoring. Traditionally, rigid and semi-flexible ultrasound probes in current bulky packages can detect the sub-surface defects of a component with a flat surface, but neither is suitable for the accurate defect inspection with three-dimensional curvatures, which significantly constrains the universality and practicability of ultrasonic imaging technology. This study reports the development of flexible and stretchable ultrasound two-dimensional (2D) array probe that exploits an'island-bridge' structured interconnection and multi-layer electrodes to integrate miniature ultrasound transducer elements with thin, low modulus silicone elastomeric polymer matrix. The achieved soft device, owning dense transducer distribution, excellent piezoelectric performance, bare internal cross-talk, and over 60% stretchability, is capable of long-time seamlessly conforming on almost any curved components, and reconstructing the object images with high resolution. With the designed probe, mono-view 2D images of internal defects in a specimen with a convex surface are collected. The entire geometries of two internal defects are reconstructed in three-dimensional space. The proposed flexible and stretchable ultrasonic device along with the imaging reconstruction algorithm provides an effective, accurate, and straightforward solution for ultrasonic imaging of complex-shaped structure components. © 2019 by DEStech Publications, Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Structural health monitoring

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Molasses fermentation using K2 isolate immobilized by calcium alginate for ethanol production

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期2970卷

作者： Getari Kasmiarti Hermansyah Claudia Indah Cantika Ferlinahayati Miksusanti Poedji Loekitowati Hariani Novia Doctoral Program of Environmental Science Graduate Program Universitas Sriwijaya Jl. Padang Selasa No.524 Bukit Besar Palembang City 30139 South Sumatra Indonesia Department of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Sriwijaya Jl. Padang Selasa No.524 Bukit Besar Palembang City 30139 South Sumatra Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Sriwijaya Jl. Padang Selasa No.524 Bukit Besar Palembang City 30139 South Sumatra Indonesia

Molasses has a high sugar content and potentially good to be used as a fermentation substrate in the production of ethanol. The main purpose of this study is to compared the ethanol yield between free and immobilized on calcium alginate as the agent of fermentation. The fermentation of molasses was carried out directly using yeast isolate K2 which was free and immobilized on calcium alginate. Isolate K2 was tested physiologically first to determine the character of its tolerance to NaCl, pH, and molasses. The physiological character of isolate K2 showed its ability to grow at the limit of 12% NaCl, pH 3-6, and 25% molasses concentration at 30°C. The highest ethanol content was 1.96% from 25% molasses concentration with 24 hours fermentation using immobilized K2 isolate while the lowest ethanol content was 0.42% from 24 hours fermentation time using free yeast. Substantially, it can be concluded that the immobilization of K2 isolate in calcium alginate has the potential to increase the production of ethanol from molasses.

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Global trends and biases in biodiversity conservation research

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Cell Reports Sustainability 2024年第5期1卷

作者： Caldwell, Iain R. Hobbs, Jean-Paul A. Bowen, Brian W. Cowman, Peter F. DiBattista, Joseph D. Whitney, Jon L. Ahti, Pauliina A. Belderok, Roy Canfield, Sean Coleman, Richard R. Iacchei, Matthew Johnston, Erika C. Knapp, Ingrid Nalley, Eileen M. Staeudle, Timo M. Láruson, Áki Jarl College of Arts Society and Education James Cook University 1 James Cook Drive Douglas 4811 QLD Australia School of Biological Sciences The University of Queensland Brisbane 4069 QLD Australia Hawaiʻi Institute of Marine Biology University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa Kāne‘ohe 96744 HI United States Biodiversity and Geosciences Program Queensland Museum Tropics Townsville 4810 QLD Australia College of Science and Engineering James Cook University Townsville 4811 QLD Australia Australian Museum Research Institute Australian Museum Sydney 2010 NSW Australia National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center Honolulu 96818 HI United States Division of Integrated Science and Engineering California Department of Water Resources Sacramento 95814 CA United States Department of Marine Biology and Ecology Rosenstiel School of Marine Atmospheric and Earth Science University of Miami Miami 33149 FL United States College of Natural and Computational Sciences Hawaiʻi Pacific University Makapuʻu Campus 41-202 Kalanianaʻole Hwy Waimānalo 96795 HI United States University of Hawaiʻi Sea Grant College Program University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa Honolulu 96822 HI United States Aquaculture and Fisheries Group Wageningen University & Research Wageningen 6708 Netherlands Institute of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Iceland Reykjavík 102 Iceland Marine and Freshwater Research Institute Hafnarfjörður 200 Iceland

Efforts to conserve biodiversity have been hampered by long-standing biases, including a disproportionate focus on particular taxa and ecosystems with minimal attention to underlying genetic diversity. We assessed whether these biases have persisted over the past four decades by analyzing trends in 17,502 research articles published in four top conservation-focused journals. Overall, we found that historical biases in conservation biology research remain entrenched. Despite increasing numbers of conservation articles published each decade from 1980 to 2020, research effort has increasingly focused on the same suite of taxa. Surprisingly, some of the most-studied species in these conservation articles had low conservation risk, including several domesticated animals. Animals and terrestrial ecosystems are consistently over-represented while plants, fungi, and freshwater ecosystems remain under-represented. Strategically funding investigations of understudied species and ecosystems will ensure more effective conservation effort across multiple levels of biodiversity, alleviate impediments to biodiversity targets, and ultimately prevent further extinctions. © 2024 The Author(s)

关键词： bibliometry biodiversity conservation GBIF historical trends IUCN research bias threatened species

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