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NATURE REVIEWS METHODS PRIMERS 2025年第1期5卷 1页

作者： [Anonymous] Human Microbiome Research Program Department of Bacteriology and Immunology Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) Study Group for Non-traditional Antibacterial Therapy (ESGNTA) Basel Switzerland Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research (IBOR) Faculty of Dental Medicine Hebrew University of Jerusaleum Jerusalem Israel The Israeli Phage Center (IPTC) of the Hebrew University and Hadassah Medical Center Jerusalem Israel Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Hadassah–Hebrew University Medical Center Jerusalem Jerusalem Israel Laboratory of Gene Technology Department of Biosystems KU Leuven Leuven Belgium Leicester Centre for Phage Research Department of Genetics and Genome Biology University of Leicester Leicester UK Center for Evolutionary Hologenomics Globe Institute University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark Centre of Excellence for Omics-Driven Computational Biodiscovery (COMBio) AIMST University Bedong Kedah Malaysia Laboratory of Phage Molecular Biology Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy Wrocław Poland Wrocław University of Science and Technology Faculty of Medicine Wrocław Poland Department of Biological Sciences University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Technology Queen Astrid Military Hospital Brussels Belgium Department of Biological and Environmental Science Nanoscience Center University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylä Finland Chemical Engineering Department Loughborough University Loughborough UK

Bacteriophage (phages) are viruses that exclusively use bacterial cells for propagation, killing the bacterial host in the process. In phage therapy, phages are used to reduce bacterial numbers, thereby curing bacterial infections. Although this principle is conceptually straightforward, its practical application faces several hurdles. In this Primer, the practical aspects of phage therapy are outlined. We introduce the microbiological methods used to prepare and characterize phages and elucidate their interactions with bacteria. The discussion covers how the information in complete phage genome sequences is used, along with how RNA sequencing can enhance our understanding of phage biology. Selection parameters for therapeutic phages for clinical applications and key elements in industrial-scale phage production are provided. A summary of clinical trials both past and present, phage administration and dosing issues is analysed, as well as limitations associated with phage therapy and mitigation strategies. Finally, we speculate on the future of phage therapy.

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Current advances in the brewery wastewater treatment from anaerobic digestion for biogas production: A systematic review

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environmental Advances 2023年 13卷

作者： Maria, Mariana Pires Torres, Nádia Hortense Nascimento, Victor Ruan Silva Chagas, Talita Santos Alves Saratale, Ganesh Dattatraya Mulla, Sikandar I. Bharagava, Ram Naresh Cavalcanti, Eliane Bezerra Romanholo Ferreira, Luiz Fernando Graduate Program in Process Engineering Tiradentes University Av. Murilo Dantas 300 Farolândia SE Aracaju 49032-490 Brazil Institute of Technology and Research Av. Murilo Dantas 300 Farolândia SE Aracaju 49032-490 Brazil Department of Food Science and Biotechnology Dongguk University Ilsandong-gu Goyang-si Gyeonggi-do Seoul 10326 South Korea Department of Biochemistry School of Allied Health Sciences REVA University Bangalore India Laboratory of Bioremediation and Metagenomics Research (LBMR) Department of Environmental Microbiology (DEM) Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University) Vidya Vihar Raebareli Road U.P. Lucknow 226 025 India

Brazil is the third largest beer producer in the world and has several brewing industries. These industries cover a range of production processes due to their wide variety of beverages, which leads to the generation of effluents with different physicochemical characteristics. Furthermore, these residues are usually disposed of without any treatment despite having enormous potential for biogas and bioenergy production. Biorefinery is a relevant alternative to the transition from a linear economy to a Circular Economy (CE). The Biorefinery exploits all available resources in the production of goods and contributes to sustainable development in the face of industrial production. In this context, as an alternative solution, anaerobic digestion (AD) has been commonly used as it uses different biomass sources to satisfy current energy demands. AD can be implemented to treat brewing effluent, promote its energy recovery, reduce environmental pollution, and produce environmentally friendly biological products: biogas and biofertilizer. Thus, this review explored the potential of AD for brewery waste management in association with the bio-based CE. Overall, the current manuscript emphasized the potential of brewery waste for biogas generation and energy production, discussing its adoption and challenges. © 2023

关键词： Anaerobic digestion Bioenergy Biogas Brewery wastewater

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Retraction notice to "Personal protective equipment-derived pollution during Covid-19 era: A critical review of ecotoxicology impacts, intervention strategies, and future challenges" [Sci. Total Environ. 887(2023) 164164]

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The science of the total environment 2025年 967卷 178758页

作者： Mehedi Hasan Abu Reza Md Towfiqul Islam Most Mastura Munia Farjana Jion Md Naimur Rahman Susmita Datta Peu Arnob Das A B M Mainul Bari Md Saiful Islam Subodh Chandra Pal Aznarul Islam Tasrina Rabia Choudhury Md Refat Jahan Rakib Abubakr M Idris Guilherme Malafaia Department of Disaster Management Begum Rokeya University Rangpur 5400 Bangladesh. Department of Disaster Management Begum Rokeya University Rangpur 5400 Bangladesh Department of Development Studies Daffodil International University Dhaka 1216 Bangladesh. Department of Geography and Environmental Science Begum Rokeya University Rangpur 5400 Bangladesh. Department of Agriculture Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University Dinajpur 5200 Bangladesh. Department of Mechanical Engineering Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology 6 Rajshahi 6204 Bangladesh. Department of Industrial and Production Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology Dhaka 1000 Bangladesh. Department of Soil Science Patuakhali Science and Technology University Dumki Patuakhali 8602 Bangladesh. Department of Geography The University of Burdwan Bardhaman 713104 West Bengal India. Department of Geography Aliah University 17 Gorachand Road Kolkata 700 014 West Bengal India. Analytical Chemistry Laboratory Chemistry Division Atomic Energy Centre Dhaka (AECD) Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission Dhaka 1000 Bangladesh. Department of Fisheries and Marine Science Faculty of Science Noakhali Science and Technology University Noakhali Bangladesh. Department of Chemistry College of Science King Khalid University Abha 62529 Saudi Arabia Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS) King Khalid University Abha Saudi Arabia. Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources Goiano Federal Institute Urutaí GO Brazil Post-Graduation Program in Ecology Conservation and Biodiversity Federal University of Uberlândia Uberlândia MG Brazil Post-Graduation Program in Biotechnology and Biodiversity Federal University of Goiás Goiânia GO Brazil.

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The Sikkim flood of October 2023: Drivers, causes, and impacts of a multihazard cascade

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science (New York, N.Y.) 2025年第6740期387卷 eads2659页

作者： Sattar, Ashim Cook, Kristen L. Rai, Shashi Kant Berthier, Etienne Allen, Simon Rinzin, Sonam de Vries, Maximillian Van Wyk Haeberli, Wilfried Kushwaha, Pradeep Shugar, Dan H. Emmer, Adam Haritashya, Umesh K. Frey, Holger Rao, Praful Gurudin, Kori Sanjay Kumar Rai, Prabhakar Rajak, Rajeev Hossain, Faruk Huggel, Christian Mergili, Martin Azam, Mohd Farooq Gascoin, Simon Carrivick, Jonathan L. Bell, Louie Elliot Ranjan, Rakesh Kumar Rashid, Irfan Kulkarni, Anil V. Petley, Dave Schwanghart, Wolfgang Watson, C Scott Islam, Nazimul Gupta, Moushumi Das Lane, Stuart N. Bhat, Shahid Younis School of Earth Ocean and Climate Sciences Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar Odisha India Institut de Recherche pour le Développement University Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France Institut des Sciences de la Terre University Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France Department of Environmental Sciences Central University of Jammu India Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées Université de Toulouse LEGOS (CNES/CNRS/IRD/UT3) Toulouse France Department of Geography University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland Institute of Environmental Sciences University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland School of Geography Politics Sociology Newcastle University Newcastle United Kingdom Department of Geography University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom Department of Earth Sciences University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom Centre for Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India Water Sediment Hazards and Earth-surface Dynamics (waterSHED) Laboratory Department of Earth Energy and Environment University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada Institute of Geography and Regional Science University of Graz Graz Austria Department of Geology and Environmental Geosciences University of Dayton Dayton OH United States Sustainability Program University of Dayton Dayton OH United States Save The Hills Kalimpong West Bengal India Ministry of Home Affairs Government of India Lucknow India Department of Psychology Banaras Hindu University (BHU) Varanasi India Sikkim State Disaster Management Authority Government of Sikkim Sikkim India Department of Geology Sikkim University Gangtok Sikkim India Geological Survey of Bangladesh Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Indore Indore India Centre d'Etudes Spatiales de la Biosphère (CESBIO) Toulouse France School of Geography and water@leeds University of Leeds Leeds United Kingdom Scott Polar Research Institute University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom Department

On 3 October 2023, a multihazard cascade in the Sikkim Himalaya, India, was triggered by 14.7 million cubic meters of frozen lateral moraine collapsing into South Lhonak Lake. The impact generated an ~20-meter tsunami-like impact wave, which breached the moraine and drained ~50 million cubic meters of the lake's water. The ensuing glacial lake outburst flood (GLOF) eroded ~270 million cubic meters of sediment, which overwhelmed infrastructure, including hydropower installations along the Teesta River. The physical scale and human and economic impacts of this event prompt urgent reflection on the role of climate change and human activities in exacerbating such disasters. Insights into multihazard evolution are pivotal for informing policy development, enhancing early warning systems (EWS), and spurring paradigm shifts in GLOF risk management strategies in the Himalaya and other mountain environments.

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Indirect but Efficient: Laser-Excited Electrons Can Drive Ultrafast Polarization Switching in Ferroelectric Materials

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Lian, Chao Ali, Zulfikhar A. Kwon, Hyuna Wong, Bryan M. Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering Materials Science & Engineering Program Department of Physics & Astronomy University of California-Riverside RiversideCA92521 United States

To enhance the efficiency of next-generation ferroelectric (FE) electronic devices, new techniques for controlling ferroelectric polarization switching are required. While most prior studies have attempted to induce polarization switching via the excitation of phonons, these experimental techniques required intricate and expensive terahertz sources and have not been completely successful. Here, we propose a new mechanism for rapidly and efficiently switching the FE polarization via laser-tuning of the underlying dynamical potential energy surface. Using time-dependent density functional calculations, we observe an ultrafast switching of the FE polarization in BaTiO3 within 200 femtoseconds. A laser pulse can induce a charge density redistribution that reduces the original FE charge order. This excitation results in both desirable and highly directional ionic forces that are always opposite to the original FE displacements. Our new mechanism enables the reversible switching of the FE polarization with optical pulses that can be produced from existing 800-nm experimental laser sources. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ferroelectricity

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Charge density wave hampers exciton condensation in 1T-TiSe2

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Lian, Chao Ali, Zulfikhar A. Wong, Bryan M. Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering Materials Science & Engineering Program Department of Physics & Astronomy University of California-Riverside RiversideCA92521 United States

The Bose-Einstein condensation of excitons continues to garner immense attention as a prototypical example for observing emergent properties from many-body quantum effects. In particular, Titanium Diselenide (TiSe2) is a promising candidate for realizing exciton condensation and was experimentally observed only very recently [science 358 1314 (2017)]. Surprisingly, the condensate was experimentally characterized by a soft plasmon mode that only exists near the transition temperature, Tc, of the charge density wave (CDW). Here, we characterize and analyze the experimental spectra using linear-response time-dependent density functional theory and find that the soft mode can be attributed to interband electronic transitions. At the CDW state below Tc, the periodic lattice distortions hamper the spontaneous formation of the exciton by introducing a CDW gap. The band gap raises the soft mode and merges it into the regular plasmon. Our surprising results contradict previous simplistic analytical models commonly used in the scientific literature. In addition, we find that a finite electronic temperature, Te, introduces a dissipation channel and prevents the condensation above Tc. The combined effect of the CDW and Te explains the fragile temperature-dependence of the exciton condensation. Taken together, our work provides the first ab initio atomic-level framework for rationalizing recent experiments and further manipulating exciton condensates in TiSe2. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Selenium compounds

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Reverse electrodialysis membrane for harvesting salinity gradient energy with and without spacer under natural wetland water

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2932卷

作者： Muthia Elma Dwi Resa Lamandau Siti Fatimah Satria Anugerah Suhendra Aulia Rahma Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Lambung Mangkurat University Jl. A. Yani KM 36 Banjarbaru 70714 Indonesia Materials and Membranes Research Group (M2ReG) Lambung Mangkurat University Jl. A. Yani KM 36 Banjarbaru 70714 Indonesia Environmental Science Doctoral and Postgraduate Program Lambung Mangkurat University Jl. Brigjen H. Hasan Basry Banjarmasin 70123 Indonesia

Salinity gradient energy (SGE) allows two solutions with different salt concentration to mixing and directly into electrical energy by reverse electrodialysis (RED) membrane. High power outputs are forecasted theoretically, but in real practice is still relatively low RED power efficiency. In this work, the spacer shadow effects on both membrane and solution compartment resistances are investigated by employing nylon spacer and without spacer. In addition, this experiment also proposes the power density performance of RED membrane under natural wetland water as low saline solution and variation of high saline solution i.e., artificial brackish water (0.3 wt% NaCl) and artificial seawater (3.5 wt% NaCl). The results indicate that the spacer shadow effect on RED membrane has a correlation with energy output generated. The used of spacer led to an increase in stack resistance and decrease in power density compared to without nylon spacer. This result increases the impact of RED renewable power source and brings it closer to practical implementation, especially for the potential natural wetland water as low saline solution. The power output was computed, obtaining a maximum power density of 0.19 W/m2 with variations without spacers, and 0.14 W/m2 with spacers. Results show that of the cell components directly influences the physicochemical principles governing the RED process and is closely related to the cell output parameters. In turn, it is possible to increase the performance of a RED cell by optimizing operation without spacers to avoid the shadow effect.

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The Lancet Commission on peaceful societies through health equity and gender equality. (vol 402, pg 1661, 2023)

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LANCET 2023年第10413期402卷 1626-1626页

作者： Zughbur, M. R. [a]Norman Paterson School of International Affairs Carleton University Ottawa ON Canada [b]School of Public Policy and Administration Carleton University Ottawa ON Canada [c]Department of Political Science Carleton University Ottawa ON Canada [d]Human Rights and Social Justice Program Carleton University Ottawa ON Canada [e]The Wilson Center Washington DC USA [f]Department of Political Science University of Toronto Mississauga ON Canada [g]Ginkgo Bioworks Boston MA USA [h]New York University Center on International Cooperation New York NY USA [i]Department of Economics University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa [j]Department of Global Public Health Stockholm Sweden [k]Office of the President Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden [l]Swedish Institute for Global Health Transformation (SIGHT) Stockholm Sweden [m]Department of Public Health Sciences Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden [n]Center for Policy Impact in Global Health Duke Global Health Institute Duke University Durham NC USA [o]Quality of Government Institute Department of Political Science University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden [p]School of Public Health and Community Medicine Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden [q]Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Gillings School of Global Public Health University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC USA [r]University of Bergen Bergen Norway [s]LawTransform CMI-UiB Centre on Law and Social Transformation Bergen Norway [t]Institute of Health and Society UC Louvain Brussels Belgium [u]Johns Hopkins Center for Humanitarian Health Department of International Health Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD USA [v]Center for Women's Health and Gender Equality Department of International Health Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD USA [w]Department of Political Science University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada [x]Department of Nutritional

[...]health equity and gender equality are themselves shaped by social and economic processes that are complex, contextually specific, and unfold over long timescales. [...]to deliver the promise of the Commission's research, health equity and gender equality principles and processes must be led by communities and tailored to their context. [...]within the health sector and beyond, the Commission calls on policy makers to embrace, advocate for, and advance health equity and gender equality. [...]given the evidence we present in this Commission, health equity and gender equality must form an integral part of national and global processes to promote peace and wellbeing.

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Revealing the potential of extracted Tamarindus indica seed as a biocoagulant for aquaculture wastewater treatment: Effect of solvent type, concentration, dose, and toxicity assessment

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Results in engineering 2025年 27卷

作者： Setyo Budi Kurniawan Azzahra Aulia Haya Thin Soedarti Eko Prasetyo Kuncoro Łukasz Sługocki Kacper Nowakowski Peer Mohamed Abdul Muhammad Fauzul Imron Department of Chemical and Process Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia UKM Bangi Selangor 43600 Malaysia Research Center for Environment and Clean Technology National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) Jakarta Pusat 10340 Indonesia Study Program of Environmental Engineering Department of Biology Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Campus C UNAIR Jalan Mulyorejo Surabaya 60115 Indonesia Department of Biology Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Campus C UNAIR Jalan Mulyorejo Surabaya 60115 Indonesia Department of Hydrobiology Institute of Biology University of Szczecin Wąska 13 Szczecin 71-715 Poland Center of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology University of Szczecin Wąska 13 Szczecin 71-715 Poland Sanitary Engineering Section Department of Water Management Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences Delft University of Technology Stevinweg 1 CN Delft 2628 The Netherlands

Aquaculture wastewater contains high levels of organic matter and nutrients, which can be harmful to aquatic life if discharged improperly into surface water bodies. Coagulation-flocculation is currently the best practice for treating aquaculture effluent with biocoagulants, offering an alternative to metal-based coagulants. This study aims to investigate the potential of Tamarindus indica seeds as a biocoagulant for treating aquaculture wastewater, focusing on the optimal solvent extraction, concentration, and dose. This study also examines the toxicity of biocoagulants to aquatic organisms. Coagulation-flocculation study was conducted under jar test experiment with NaCl, NaOH, and HCl used as solvents; concentration of 0-10 g/L; and doses of 1-5 % v/v under 120 rpm (rotation per minute) rapid mixing for 1 min, 20 rpm slow mixing for 20 mins, and 60 mins sedimentation time. A characterization study showed that NaCl-treated T. indica has a positive zeta potential charge, attributed to the presence of hydroxyl, carbonyl, and amide functional groups. Under this optimum condition (NaCl-extract, 6 g/L, and 4 % v/v), the biocoagulant achieved high removal (>50 %) of turbidity, TSS (total suspended solid), and ammonia and considerably good removal of other parameters (TN [total nitrogen], BOD 5 [biological oxygen demand], COD [chemical oxygen demand]). The toxicity test revealed that no mortality was observed at a concentration of 1 g/L, whereas 10 g/L resulted in a 100 % mortality rate after 24 hours of exposure. Further toxicity analysis is suggested to be conducted using treated final effluent (not directly using biocoagulant substances) to observe the direct impact of the treated wastewater if discharged into the water bodies.

关键词： Aquaculture Biocoagulant Coagulation Effluent environmental pollution Flocculation

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Community behavior and single-use plastic bottle consumption 2

Community behavior and single-use plastic bottle consumption

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2nd International Conference on Natural Resources and Life sciences, NRLS 2018

作者： Khoironi, A. Anggoro, S. Sudarno, S. Doctoral Program of Environmental Sciences Diponegoro University Jl. Imam Bardjo SH-Semarang Semarang50241 Indonesia Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science Diponegoro University Jl. Prof Soedarto SH-Tembalang Semarang50271 Indonesia Department of Environmental Engineering Diponegoro University Jl. Prof Soedarto SH-Tembalang Semarang50271 Indonesia

Since plastic is considered as environmentally hazardous material, various programs aimed at educating the community on the impact of plastics pollution and consumption have been continuously conducted. Furthermore, the relationship between culture and community behavior regarding single-use plastic bottle consumption is important to be investigated for mitigating plastics pollution. The purpose of the current research was to investigate the quantity of single-use polyethylene terephthalate (PET)-based plastic bottles are used daily and how communities are managing them in the waste stream. The data was collected from the family members of 100 households of various educational, social, economic, age, and lifestyle backgrounds. About seven local companies that work in plastic waste collection were also important participants in the data collection regarding plastics consumption. The study showed that almost 80 % of households reported one to four single-use plastic bottles consumed each day while the remaining 20 % used more than four single-use plastics bottles daily. From 88 respondents, only 10 % separated plastic bottles in their trash disposal. The result also showed that the increasing use of single-use plastic bottles are highly influenced by the behavior of the local community in plastics consumption and waste management. © 2019 Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Plastic bottles

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