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Observing super-coarse carbonaceous aerosol particles containing chloride in a tropical savanna climate at an agro-forest site in Thailand

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environmental science and Pollution Research 2024年第55期31卷 63718-63733页

作者： Bridhikitti, Arika Kumsawat, Chananphat Phitakpinyo, Nutthanaphat Sontisaka, Sirawich Naksaro, Ratipong Sawangproh, Weerachon Nakayama, Tomoki Environmental Engineering and Disaster Management Program School of Interdisciplinary Studies Mahidol University Kanchanaburi Campus 199 Moo 9 Lumsum Sub-District Saiyok District Kanchanaburi71150 Thailand Mahidol-York Interdisciplinary Living Research Excellence Center Mahidol University Kanchanaburi Campus 199 Moo 9 Lumsum Sub-District Saiyok District Kanchanaburi71150 Thailand Conservation Biology Program School of Interdisciplinary Studies Mahidol University Kanchanaburi Campus 199 Moo 9 Lumsum Sub-District Saiyok District Kanchanaburi71150 Thailand Faculty of Environmental Science Nagasaki University 1-14 Bunkyo-Machi Nagasaki Nagasaki City8528521 Japan

Coarse aerosol particles containing chloride in tropical forests are significant for understanding biogeochemical cycles and atmospheric processes, with implications for environmental health and climate change mitigation. This study explored the sources of super-coarse carbonaceous aerosol particles containing chloride in a tropical savanna climate. Aerosol samples were collected from an agro-forest site in Thailand during the dry season and analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. By examining the morphology and elemental compositions of individual aerosol particles, along with employing Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) and backward trajectory analysis, potential sources were identified. The findings revealed two primary sources for the super-coarse aerosol particles: a mixture of biomass burning smoke and inorganic salts (likely from saline soil and sea salt), as well as halophilic fungal spores. FTIR analysis indicated the presence of compounds linked to biomass burning and clay minerals, influenced by prevailing northeast and southeast winds. Recommendations for future research include continued monitoring, correlation with meteorological parameters, and the application of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for more detailed visualization and confirmation of aerosol sources. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

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Assessing the Potential of Biodegradable Plastics in a Circular Economy: A Methodological Outlook

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Circular Economy and Sustainability 2025年第2期5卷 1291-1305页

作者： Scheers, Quinten Nimmegeers, Philippe Galant, Or Spatari, Sabrina Van den Brande, Niko Brancart, Joost Billen, Pieter Faculty of Applied Engineering Intelligence in Processes Advanced Catalysts and Solvents (iPRACS) University of Antwerp Groenenborgerlaan 171 Antwerp 2020 Belgium Faculty of Business and Economics Department of Engineering Management Environmental Economics (EnvEcon) University of Antwerp Prinsstraat 13 Antwerp 2000 Belgium Flanders Make@UAntwerp Antwerp 2000 Belgium Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Technion– Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 3200003 Israel Grand Technion Energy Program Technion– Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 3200003 Israel Physical Chemistry and Polymer Science (FYSC) Vrije Universiteit Brussel Pleinlaan 2 Brussels 1050 Belgium IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute Valhallavägen 81 Stockholm 11428 Sweden

Increased biodegradability, in other words reduced environmental recalcitrance, has the potential to be an important asset in the battle against plastics pollution. It can partially mitigate global plastic leakages into the environment, which is next to their impact on climate change the biggest concern regarding plastics use. Biodegradation should be regarded as an optimal safety net in many applications and should often not be the targeted waste management option for biodegradable plastics. Biodegradability should not preclude reuse or proper recyclability, which are impactful means to reduce the carbon intensity of plastics lifecycles. Despite the added advantages, the market penetration of biodegradable plastics is only very slowly growing. Moreover, policy recommends its use only in limited applications, driven by sometimes-higher cost and limited recyclability. In this article, we posit that arguments against widespread application of biodegradable plastics are largely driven by misperceptions arising from intrinsic limitations of contemporary sustainability assessments and offer an alternative viewpoint that could compensate for this. In general, sustainability assessments fail to properly assess learning curves, often do not take littering potential into account, and are rather conservative with respect to background systems. Hence, recyclability– or better: circularity– judgements often do not resolve the paradoxical situation in which increased market shares lead to easier and more profitable recycling schemes and vice versa. Judging disruptive innovations by incorporating thermodynamics-inspired, less data-intensive, state-based methods, based on, e.g., statistical entropy analysis, into the decision support framework could allow to forecast packaging markets with performant materials that are intrinsically circular, having reduced environmental recalcitrance. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Biodegradable Plastics Decision Making Statistical Entropy Sustainability Assessments

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Unravelling biosynthesis and biodegradation potentials of microbial dark matters in hypersaline lakes

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environmental science and Ecotechnology 2024年第4期20卷 177-188页

作者： Zhiguang Qiu Yuanyuan Zhu Qing Zhang Xuejiao Qiao Rong Mu Zheng Xu Yan Yan Fan Wang Tong Zhang Wei-Qin Zhuang Ke Yu School of Environment and Energy Peking University Shenzhen Graduate SchoolShenzhen518055China AI for Science(AI4S)-Preferred Program Peking UniversityShenzhen518055China Southern University of Sciences and Technology Yantian Hospital Shenzhen518081China Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen518055China State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth ScienceGuangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou510640China School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversitySouthern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)Zhuhai519082China Department of Civil Engineering University of Hong Kong999077Hong KongChina Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of AucklandNew Zealand

Biosynthesis and biodegradation of microorganisms critically underpin the development of biotechnology,new drugs and therapies,and environmental ***,most uncultured microbial species along with their metabolic capacities in extreme environments,remain *** we unravel the metabolic potential of microbial dark matters(MDMs)in four deep-inland hypersaline lakes in Xinjiang,*** metagenomic binning,we uncovered a rich diversity of 3030 metagenomeassembled genomes(MAGs)across 82 phyla,revealing a substantial portion,2363 MAGs,as previously unclassified at the genus *** unknown MAGs displayed unique distribution patterns across different lakes,indicating a strong correlation with varied physicochemical *** analysis revealed an extensive array of 9635 biosynthesis gene clusters(BGCs),with a remarkable 9403 being novel,suggesting untapped biotechnological ***,some MAGs from potentially new phyla exhibited a high density of these *** biosynthesis,our study also identified novel biodegradation pathways,including dehalogenation,anaerobic ammonium oxidation(Anammox),and degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)and plastics,in previously unknown microbial *** findings significantly enrich our understanding of biosynthesis and biodegradation processes and open new avenues for biotechnological innovation,emphasizing the untapped potential of microbial diversity in hypersaline environments.

关键词： Biosynthesis Biodegradation Hypersaline lakes Metagenome-assembled genomes Microbial dark matters

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New microbial electrosynthesis system for methane production from carbon dioxide coupled with oxidation of sulfide to sulfate

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Journal of environmental sciences 2023年第3期125卷 786-797页

作者： Hiromi Kambara Ha T.T.Dinh Shuji Matsushita Yoshiteru Aoi Tomonori Kindaichi Noriatsu Ozaki Akiyoshi Ohashi Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Graduate School of EngineeringHiroshima University1–4–1KagamiyamaHigashi-HiroshimaHiroshima 739–8527Japan Faculty of Environment Ho Chi Minh City University of Natural Resources and Environment236 Le Van Sy1 WardTan Binh DistrictHo Chi Minh CityVietnam Agricultural Technology Research Center Hiroshima Prefectural Technology Research Institute6869HaraHachihonmatsuHigashihiroshimaHiroshima 739–0151Japan Program of Biotechnology Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for LifeHiroshima University1–3–1KagamiyamaHigashi-HiroshimaHiroshima 739–8530Japan Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Graduate School of Advanced Science and EngineeringHiroshima University1–4–1KagamiyamaHigashi-HiroshimaHiroshima 739–8527Japan

Microbial electrosynthesis system (MES) is a promising method that can use carbon dioxide,which is a greenhouse gas,to produce methane which acts as an energy source,without using organic ***,this bioelectrical reduction reaction can proceed at a certain high applied voltage when coupled with water oxidation in the anode coated with metallic *** coupled with the oxidation of HS–to SO_(4)^(2-),methane production is thermodynamically more feasible,thus implying its production at a considerably lower applied *** this study,we demonstrated the possibility of electrotrophic methane production coupled with HS–oxidation in a cost-effective bioanode chamber in the MES without organic substrates at a low applied voltage of 0.2 *** addition,microbial community analyses of biomass enriched in the bioanode and biocathode were used to reveal the most probable pathway for methane production from HS–*** the bioanode,electroautotrophic SO_(4)^(2-)production accompanied with electron donation to the electrode is performed mainly by the following two steps:first,incomplete sulfide oxidation to sulfur cycle intermediates (SCI) is performed;then the produced SCI are disproportionated to HS^(–)and SO_(4)^(2-).In the biocathode,methane is produced mainly via H_(2)and acetate by electronaccepting syntrophic bacteria,homoacetogens,and acetoclastic ***,a new ecofriendly MES with biological H_(2)S removal is established.

关键词： Microbial electrosynthesis system Low applied voltage Organic substrates Methane production Sulfur oxidation

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Comparative analysis of hydrochemical variables of two Ramsar-listed lakes in Pokhara Valley, Nepal

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International Journal of Energy and Water Resources 2023年第1期7卷 1-13页

作者： Pant, R.R. Bishwakarma, K. Pal, K.B. Thapa, L.B. Shrestha, R.G. Karuppannan, S. Garu, L. Bista, S. Singh, V.B. Central Department of Environmental Science Institute of Science and Technology Tribhuvan University Kathmandu Nepal Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Tri-Chandra Multiple Campus Tribhuvan University Kathmandu Nepal Central Department of Botany Institute of Science and Technology Tribhuvan University Kathmandu Nepal Division of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering Osaka University 2-1 Yamadaoka Osaka Suita 565-0871 Japan School of Applied Natural Sciences (SoANS) Adama Science and Technology University Adama Ethiopia Environmental Health in Disaster Program Central Department of Environmental Science Institute of Science and Technology Tribhuvan University Kathmandu Nepal School of Environmental Sciences Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi 110067 India

Freshwater is one of the indispensable resources for the livelihood improvement of people and ecological sustainability. This study aims to assess the hydrochemical characteristics and drinking and irrigational water quality of the Ramsar-listed Begnas Lake and Rupa Lake in the Gandaki Province, Nepal. The results revealed that the water was mildly alkaline in both lakes. The order of ionic dominancy was found to be HCO₃⁻ > SO₄²⁻ > Cl⁻ > NO₃⁻ for anions and Ca²⁺ > Na⁺ > Mg²⁺ > K⁺ for cations in both the lakes. The results showed that ion sources in both lakes were primarily regulated by carbonate type weathering, which was consistent with the results obtained from the (Ca²⁺ + Mg²⁺)/total cations and (Ca²⁺ + Mg²⁺)/(K⁺ + Na⁺) ratios, which had average values of 0.50 and 0.46;and 5.10 and 4.0, respectively, in Begnas Lake and Rupa Lake, respectively. All the irrigational indices showed that the water from both lakes was appropriate for irrigational purposes. The water quality index exhibited that the water in the study lakes was suitable for drinking purposes. The imprints of global climate change and increasing anthropic interferences could be crucial factors for the water quality management of Himalayan lakes in the future. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Iranian Society of environmentalists (IRSEN) and science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University 2022.

关键词： Chemical characterization Himalaya lakes Hydrochemistry Ramsar site Water quality

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The dependence in microcystin removal with powdered activated carbon on variant properties, carbon properties, and dissolved organic matter

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Chemosphere 2024年 351卷 141205页

作者： Huang, Yuzhou Lenhart, John J. Environmental Science Graduate Program The Ohio State University United States Department of Civil Environmental and Geodetic Engineering The Ohio State University United States

Powdered activated carbon (PAC) is commonly used by water treatment plants to remove harmful cyanotoxins such as microcystins (MCs) produced during seasonal harmful algal blooms. MC removal by PAC depends upon the properties of the PAC, the properties of the MC variant, and the presence and properties of dissolved organic matter (DOM). To identify which of these factors has the greatest impact on the removal of MC by PAC, we evaluated the removal of four different MC variants (MC-LR, MC-LA, MC-RR and desmethylated MC-RR) by three different PAC types (wood-based, coal-blend and coal-based). The role of DOM properties was evaluated using DOM isolated from two different sources, a terrestrial source (Suwannee River Fulvic Acid, SRFA) and a microbial source (Grand Lake St Marys DOM, GLSM). The results of adsorption experiments conducted over a period of 72 h demonstrated the wood-based PAC, which had the highest surface area and mesopore volume of the PAC tested, had the highest adsorption rate and capacity for all four MC variants. Of the variants studied, neutrally charged MC-RR was adsorbed more rapidly and to a greater extent on all of the PAC types than were the other variants. Although MC-LA and MC-LR had the greatest hydrophobicity, their negative charges resulted in their being adsorbed the least. As expected, DOM inhibited microcystin adsorption to PAC. The degree of inhibition, however, did not significantly vary for the two DOM types evaluated, indicating the properties of the DOM on MC adsorption to PAC was less important than the PAC properties or MC variant properties. Overall, PAC properties were a more important factor in MC removal than were the MC properties or DOM conditions. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Adsorption DOM Kinetic Mesopores Microcystin PAC

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Exposure to trace levels of metals and fluoroquinolones increases inflammation and tumorigenesis risk of zebrafish embryos

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environmental science and Ecotechnology 2022年第2期10卷 12-22页

作者： Dantong Jia Ruijie Zhang Jian Shao Wei Zhang Leilei Cai Weiling Sun College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking UniversityThe Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment SciencesMinistry of EducationBeijing100871China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems International Joint Laboratory for Regional Pollution ControlMinistry of EducationBeijing100871China College of Animal Science Guizhou UniversityThe Key Laboratory of Animal GeneticsBreeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous RegionMinistry of EducationGuiyangGuizhou550025China Department of Plant Soil and Microbial SciencesEnvironmental Science and Policy ProgramMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824United States College of Safety and Environmental Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdaoShandong266590China

Exposure to trace-level heavy metals and antibiotics may elicit metabolic disorder,alter protein expression,and then induce pathological changes in zebrafish embryos,despite negligible physiological and developmental *** study investigated the single and combined developmental toxicity of fluoroquinolones(enrofloxacin[ENR]and ciprofloxacin[CIP])(0.5 mM)and heavy metals(Cu and Cd)(0.5 mM)to zebrafish embryos,and molecular responses of zebrafish larvae upon exposure to the single pollutant(0.2 mM)or a binary metal-fluoroquinolone mixture(0.2 mM).In all single and mixture exposure groups,no developmental toxicity was observed,but oxidative stress,inflammation,and lipid depletion were found in zebrafish embryos,which was more severe in the mixture exposure groups than in the single exposure groups,probably due to increased metal bioaccumulation in the presence of ENR or *** analysis revealed the up-regulation of amino acids and down-regulation of fatty acids,corresponding to an active response to oxidative stress and the occurrence of *** up-regulation of antioxidase and immune proteins revealed by proteomics analysis further confirmed the occurrence of oxidative stress and ***,the KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed a significant disturbance of pathways related to immunity and tumor,indicating the potential risk of tumorigenesis in zebrafish *** findings provide molecular-level insights into the adverse effects of heavy metals and antibiotics(especially in chemical mixtures)on zebrafish embryos,and highlight the potential ecotoxicological risks of trace-level heavy metals and antibiotics in the environment.

关键词： Fluoroquinolone Metal Inflammation Tumor Oxidative stress

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Assessment of the Statistical Performance of Chemical Transport Model Studies in India

ACS ES&T Air

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ACS ES&T Air 2024年第12期1卷 1519-1530页

作者： Rishi Shandilya Pranav Chaudhari Srinidhi Balasubramanian Environmental Science and Engineering Department Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Mumbai India 400 076 Interdisciplinary Program in Climate Studies Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Mumbai India 400 076

India’s public health is seriously endangered by air pollution and linked to ∼0.8–0.98 million and 0.17 million premature deaths annually from chronic exposure to particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone, respectively. Air quality forecasting tools are needed to assess the spatiotemporal variability of air pollutants and evaluate the impact of potential mitigation measures. Gridded concentrations of PM2.5and ozone are typically derived from first principle models called Chemical Transport Models (CTMs). Widespread application of CTMs, particularly for regulatory purposes, requires an understanding of model performance in comparison with observation data. A landscape approach that systematically reviews CTM model predictions and proposes benchmarks for assessing model performance can offer a way forward to build confidence in CTM-backed forecasting tools. Following similar efforts in the United States and China, we systematically shortlisted and examined model performance outcomes for 46 CTM studies reporting PM2.5and ozone predictions in India between 2008 and 2023. The reported statistical metrics for each pollutant (normalized mean bias (NMB), normalized mean error (NME), coefficient of correlation (r), and index of agreement (IOA) were rank ordered to identify two types of benchmarks: “goals” (highest achievable model accuracy based on top one-third performing studies) and “criteria” (typical model accuracy based on the top two-third performing studies). The identified goal performance for PM2.5was 17% (NMB), 34% (NME), and 0.67 (r), and ozone was 14% (NMB), 43% (NME), and 0.89 (r). These benchmarks are less restrictive than those reported for the United States and China. This highlights the need for the CTM community to coalesce around a common set of practices in evaluating CTMs. Additionally, complementary efforts in developing representative emissions inventories and including air pollution data from the expanding observational networks are required to update suc

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Enhanced carbon tetrachloride degradation by hydroxylamine in ferrous ion activated calcium peroxide in the presence of formic acid

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Frontiers of environmental science & engineering 2020年第2期14卷 75-85页

作者： Wenchao Jiang Ping Tang Zhen Liu Huan He Qian Sui Shuguang Lyu State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China Environmental Engineering and Science Program Department of Chemical and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOH 45221-0071USA

Hydroxyl radicals(HO*)show low reactivity with perchlorinated hydrocarbons,such as carbon tetrachloride(CT),in conventional Fenton reactions,therefore,the generation of reductive radicals has attracted increasing *** study investigated the enhancement of CT degradation by the synergistic effects of hydroxylamine(HA)and formic acid(FA)(initial[CT]=0.13 mmol/L)in a Fe(il)activated calcium peroxide(CP)fenton *** degradation increased from 56.6%to 99.9%with the addition of 0.78 mmol/L HA to the CP/Fe(II)/FA/CT process in a molar ratio o f 12/6/12/*** results also showed that the presence of HA enhanced the regeneration of Fe(II)from Fe(III),and the production of HO*increased one-fold when employing benzoic acid as the HO****,FA slightly improves the production of HO*.A study of the mechanism confirmed that the carbon dioxide radical(C02·),a strong reductant generated by the reaction between FA and HO*,was the dominant radical responsible for CT *** complete CT dechlorination was achieved in the *** presence of humic acid and chloride ion slightly decreased CT removal,while high doses of bicarbonate and high pH inhibited CT *** study helps us to better understand the synergistic roles of FA and HA for HO·and C02·^-generation and the removal of perchlorinated hydrocarbons in modified Fenton systems.

关键词： Calcium peroxide Hydroxylamine Modified Fenton Reactive oxygen species Perchlorinated hydrocarbon

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Evaluating A Continuous Liquid-phase Plasma Discharge Process for Destroying PFAS in Water

Evaluating A Continuous Liquid-phase Plasma Discharge Proces...

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2024 American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers Annual International Meeting, ASABE 2024

作者： Nasir, Alia Rivera, Celiannie Agyekum-Oduro, Ekow Siqab, Sidra Mohotti, Dinithi Deng, Shaobo Wu, Sarah Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Idaho MoscowID83844 United States Environmental Science Program University of Idaho MoscowID83844 United States Southern Research and Outreach Center University of Minnesota 35838 120th ST WasecaMN56093 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798331302214

Due to the lack of effective conventional treatment techniques for removing and destroying PFAS, non-thermal plasma technology has come to the center stage, but with limitations. In this study, a novel, continuous-flow, liquid-phase plasma discharge (CLPD) process was established and evaluated for its effectiveness and efficiency in removing PFOA in water. Experiments were carried out in two phases. In phase I, two carrier gases (argon and air) were studied and compared for their performance in removing PFOA by CLPD, and argon gas was found to be more effective than air (91.75% for argon vs. 79.55% for air). Then in Phase II, Argon was used as the carrier gas to evaluate other operating parameters including gas flow rate, water flow rate, water conductivity, and power applied using a two-level partial factorial design. The results showed that gas flow rate was the most significant factor among the four factors affecting the removal efficiency of PFOA by CLPD (p = 0.0029). The best combination of the four operating parameters was obtained (conductivity = 300 µs/cm, water flow rate = 150 mL/min, gas flow rate = 1.5 sL/min, and power = 100 W), under which the CFLPPD could achieve a PFOA removal rate of 93.4%. The breakdown pathway was estimated to be from PFOA to PFHPA, to PFHXA, to PFHeA, to PFBA, and then to H2O, CO2, F, and short-chain organics. Based on the results from this study, it may be concluded that the CLPD process evaluated in this project can be developed into an effective treatment to remove PFAS in contaminated water. © 2024 ASABE Annual International Meeting. All rights reserved.

关键词： Flow of gases

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