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Communications Earth and Environment 2025年第1期6卷 1-12页

作者： Park, Junsung Hong, Hyunkee Lee, Hanlim Kim, Si-Wan Kim, Jhoon Van Roozendael, Michel Fayt, Caroline Ahn, Myong-Hwan Jacob, Daniel J. Seo, Seunghwan Kim, Kyoung-Min Kim, Daewon Choi, Wonei Lee, Won-Jin Lee, Dong-Won Wagner, Thomas Richter, Andreas Krotkov, Nickolay A. Lamsal, Lok N. Ko, Dai Ho Lee, Seung Hoon Woo, Jung-Hun Division of Earth Environmental System Science Major of Spatial Information Engineering Pukyong National University Busan South Korea Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian Cambridge MA United States National Institute of Environmental Research Incheon South Korea Department of Atmospheric Sciences Yonsei University Seoul South Korea Irreversible Climate Change Research Center Yonsei University Seoul South Korea Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy (BIRA-IASB) Brussels Belgium Department of Climate and Energy Systems Engineering/Social Economy Ewha Womans University Seoul South Korea Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Science Harvard University Cambridge MA United States Institute of Environmental Studies Pusan National University Busan South Korea NASA Postdoctoral Program (NPP) at Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD United States Max-Planck Institute for Chemistry (MPI-C) Mainz Germany Institute of Environmental Physics (IUP-UB) University of Bremen Bremen Germany Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD United States University of Maryland Baltimore County (UMBC) Baltimore MD United States Korea Aerospace Research Institute Daejeon South Korea Department of Environmental Planning & Advanced Program for Urban Environmental Studies Seoul National University Seoul South Korea Bureau of Ocean Energy Management Stirling VA United States

Satellite measurements of nitrogen dioxide have been used to infer nitrogen oxide emissions, a critical component in tropospheric chemistry and pollution. New observations from the Geostationary environmental Monitoring Spectrometer offer a breakthrough by providing a daytime record of nitrogen dioxide over Asia. Here we present the summertime diurnal patterns of nitrogen dioxide at major cities, power plant regions, and the Strait of Malacca. The Geostationary environmental Monitoring Spectrometer data across various regions show high nitrogen dioxide in the morning which decrease in the afternoon, with varying hourly peaks, troughs, and amplitudes reflecting diurnal characteristics of local emissions and chemistry. Nitrogen oxide emissions inferred from Geostationary environmental Monitoring Spectrometer and the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry also show distinct patterns among regions: early morning peaks occur over Hanoi, Guangzhou, and Bangkok;mid-to-late morning peaks appear over Seoul and Beijing;and late afternoon peaks are noted in the Yangtze River Delta region. Top-down emissions incorporating temporal changes in the Geostationary environmental Monitoring Spectrometer nitrogen dioxide yield the most accurate nitrogen dioxide simulations. (Figure presented.) © The Author(s) 2025.

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Combining flow virometry with tree-based machine learning models for rapid virus particle estimation in different wastewater matrices

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Water Research 2025年

作者： Yevhen Myshkevych Ibrahima N'Doye Julie Sanchez Medina Fahad K. Aljehani Yanghui Xiong Taous-Meriem Laleg-Kirati Pei-Ying Hong Environmental Science and Engineering Program Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia 23955 KAUST Center of Excellence on Smart Health King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia 23955 Electrical and Computer Engineering Program Division of Computer Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia 23955 National Institute for Research in Digital Science and Technology (INRIA) Paris-Saclay France

Enumerating virus particles (VPs) at different stages of the wastewater treatment process or along the distribution network is essential for ensuring high performance and reducing public health risks. Herein, we aimed to (i) optimize the flow virometry (FVM) protocol for use in wastewater matrices, (ii) correlate FVM data with specific virus genera of interest, and (iii) develop machine learning (ML) models for determining total VP concentration. We identified and tested a comprehensive set of parameters to determine the optimal conditions for wastewater FVM. Specifically, we tested various sample preprocessing steps to enhance FVM detection sensitivity, including the use of different nucleic acid staining dyes, surfactant addition and concentration optimization, glutaraldehyde fixation, and the effect of sample freezing before FVM analysis. Spearman's rank correlation of FVM data with virus genera concentration using a conventional qPCR-based method in 206 samples showed a positive correlation for all five virus genera, ranging from 0.21 to 0.44 (p < 0.01). The extreme gradient-boosting (XGB) model using easily accessible physiochemical water parameters (such as turbidity, electroconductivity, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, pH, chemical oxygen demand, and concentrations of nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, and ammonium nitrogen) as input data outperformed the random forest (RF) model and can be used to estimate total virus count across all types of wastewater matrices as output data. Furthermore, XGB achieved a better root mean square error in the four treatment processes (influent, aerobic, sand, and MBR) by a mean of 23% than RF in model development. This study demonstrates that FVM, combined with ML, can significantly enhance monitoring capabilities by accurately estimating VP concentrations across diverse wastewater matrices.

关键词： flow virometry virus enumeration water reuse machine learning

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METHANOGENIC TRANSFORMATION OF AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS AND PHENOLS IN GROUNDWATER AQUIFERS

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GEOMICROBIOLOGY JOURNAL 1990年第3-4期8卷 167-200页

作者： GRBICGALIC, D Environmental Engineering and Science Program Department of Civil Engineering Stanford University Stanford CA 94305-4020 United States

Fermentative and methanogenic bacteria have been found repeatedly as important members of microbial flora in anoxic zones of the subsurface-in pristine as well as in contaminated groundwater aquifers. These bacteria, which together with obligate proton reducers form complex methanogenic communities, are significant as decomposers of organic matter under conditions of exogenous electron acceptor depletion. Their metabolic activity has been demonstrated in laboratory microcosms derived from aquifer material, and also in the subsurface in situ. Methanogenic communities have been shown to transform numerous organic pollutants, or even to completely degrade these compounds with the production of carbon dioxide and methane. Depending on the chemical structure of the pollutant, such a compound can be used as an electron donor and a carbon/energy source for fermentative microorganisms (which is typically the case with highly reduced compounds);alternatively, a highly oxidized pollutant can be used as a potential electron acceptor or electron sink. This review addresses fermentative/methanogenic degradation of chlorinated and nonchlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons and phenols by subsurface microorganisms;for comparison, it briefly relates also other types of anaerobic transformations (under sulfate-reducing, iron-reducing, and denitrifying conditions). Furthermore, it outlines transformation pathways, those that are proposed as well as those that are already partially proved, for aromatic hydrocarbons and phenols under fermentative/methanogenic conditions;finally, it discusses the relevance of these processes to bioremediation of contaminated groundwater aquifers.

关键词： ANAEROBIC HABITATS AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS BIOREMEDIATION CHLOROBENZENES CHLOROPHENOLS GROUNDWATER AQUIFERS INTERSPECIES TRANSFER OF HYDROGEN AND INTERMEDIATES METHANOGENIC COMMUNITIES PHENOLS

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INTERNAL PHOSPHORUS LOADING IN A SHALLOW EUTROPHIC LAKE

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WATER RESEARCH 1982年第6期16卷 911-919页

作者： JACOBY, JM LYNCH, DD WELCH, EB PERKINS, MA Environmental Engineering and Science Program Department of Civil Engineering University of Washington Seattle WA 98195 U.S.A.

Internal loading of P was implicated as a major eutrophicating factor in Long Lake, Washington (Kitsap County) [USA]. As a result of such loading, summer total P concentrations approach or exceed 100 .mu.g P l-1. Most of the summer loading of P is thought to have been released directly from the rich, flocculent sediment in the mid and northern part of the lake as a result of high pH (up to 10) related to phytoplankton photosynthesis. The lake also supports a dense submersed macrophyte crop (areal weighted mean dry weight of .apprx. 220 g m-2) composed primarily of Elodea densa. Although excretion of P from healthy E. densa was minimal, the potential contribution of P indirectly from sediment via macrophyte uptake and subsequent decomposition in the winter was on the order of 200-400 kg yr-1 or .apprx. 25-50% of the external loading. Nevertheless, loading of P during predrawdown summers is thought to have originated largely as a direct release from sediment due to high pH. Estimates of sediment P release determined from laboratory experiments, mass balance and core analyses ranged from 2.2-5.6 mg m-2 day-1. As a component of the restoration program, the lake (mean depth of 2 m) was drawn down nearly 2 m for 4 mo. during the summer and fall of 1979. The lake''s trophic status was expected to improve due to sediment consolidation and/or macrophyte reduction. The drawdown resulted in an 84% reduction in macrophyte biomass in 1980 but minimal sediment consolidation (0.1 m). Winter decomposition of the much smaller macrophyte crop, apparently provided insufficient P in the spring to stimulate phytoplankton and to enrich midlake sediments, which has probably occurred in previous years. Low water column pH during the postdrawndown summer of 1980 resulted from relatively low rates of plankton photosynthesis. During the summer of 1980 internal loading of P was reduced and total P remained below 50 .mu.g l-1.

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PHYSIO-CHEMICAL AND ECOLOGICAL MODELING THE FATE OF TOXIC-SUBSTANCES IN NATURAL-WATER SYSTEMS

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ECOLOGICAL MODELLING 1984年第1-4期22卷 145-170页

作者： THOMANN, RV Environmental Engineering and Science Graduate Program Manhattan College Bronx NY 10471 U.S.A.

A basic framework for the modeling of the fate of chemicals in natural water systems is presented. Both the physical/chemical and ecological fate of the substance are considered. The fully time variable equations do not present any significant insight into the general behavior of chemical fate. However, under a steady state assumption and including bottom sediment interactions, relatively simple formulations result that permit rapid calculation of the maximum concentrations that might be expected. It is shown that for a completely mixed lake the ratio of the areal loading rate of the toxicant to the water column concentration is determined by the hydraulic overflow rate and the net loss rate of the toxicant from the water column. Thus, c T = W Ta /q + w T for c T as the total toxicant concentration, W Ta as the areal loading rate of the chemical, q as the hydraulic overflow rate, and w T the net loss of the chemical. The net loss rate w T is a function of all water column and sediment decay rates and interactions. The steady state food chain model of the accumulation of a toxic chemical from both water and food sources is shown to be a means for estimating the parameters of loss and sediment interaction for a lake. The steady state case of the discharge of a chemical into a stream provides a simple means for estimating net loss rates under some reasonable assumptions. Also coupling the food chain model to the physio-chemical model permits the use of chemical concentrations in the fish to estimate the net loss of toxicant in a stream. Application is made to metals concentrations in Lakes Ontario and Michigan and to 1,4 dichlorobenzene in Lake Zurich. The theory indicates that under zero decay of the chemical in the sediment and equal partition coefficients in the sediment and the water column that the chemical in particulates form in the sediment should equal that in the water column. Metals data for Lake Ontario appears to confirm this result at least to order of ma

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ON THE EFFICIENCY OF NUCLEATION SCAVENGING

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TELLUS SERIES B-CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL METEOROLOGY 1984年第5期36卷 367-375页

作者： JENSEN, JB CHARLSON, RJ Environmental Engineering and Science Program Department of Civil Engineering (FC-05) University of Washington Seattle WA 98195 USA

The activation process near cloud base for submicrometer, soluble atmospheric aerosols is described and special attention is focused on the fraction, ε, of the total aerosol mass concentration that form cloud droplets. The variation of ε with updraft speed for various aerosol size distributions is calculated by means of an adiabatic, one-dimensional Lagrangian cloud model. Calculations are made for aerosol particles consisting of pure ammonium bisulphate, (NH4)HSO4and the results show that for a clean continental background aerosol population. ε should be very near unity for all updraft speeds. For an average urban aerosol population, ε is close to unity for convective clouds. but for stratiform cases ε decreases rapidly as the updraft velocity is lowered.

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RESPONSES OF PERIPHYTON TO CHANGES IN CURRENT VELOCITY, SUSPENDED SEDIMENT AND PHOSPHORUS CONCENTRATION

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FRESHWATER BIOLOGY 1990年第2期24卷 215-232页

作者： HORNER, RR WELCH, EB SEELEY, MR JACOBY, JM Environmental Engineering and Science Program Department of Civil Engineering University of Washington. Seattle Washington U.S.A

1. Research was performed in laboratory streams to evaluate periphytic biomass accrual, export, and community composition over a range of limiting nutrient (phosphorus) concentrations with variable velocity, and suspended sediment addition, in comparison to constant velocity and no suspended sediment. In fixed-velocity treatments, velocity increase to 60 cm s-1 significantly enhanced biomass accrual, but further increase resulted in substantial biomass reduction. Average biomass loss rates did not change significantly over a velocity range of 10-80 cms-1. Diatoms were favoured at relatively high velocities and low phosphorus concentrations, whereas the blue-green Phormidium tended to dominate at higher SRP concentrations and the green Mougeotia seemed to prefer lower velocities. 2. Sudden increases in velocity raised instantaneous loss rates by an order of magnitude or more, but these high rates persisted only briefly. As a result, marked biomass reductions were not apparent a day after the velocity change. Dominance change from filamentous green or blue-green to diatoms immediately after the increase was reversed within 2 days. Loss rate increases due to solids addition were much smaller than those accompanying velocity increase, but simultaneous velocity elevation and solids addition produced instantaneous loss rates approximately double those with velocity increase alone. 3. The experiments demonstrated that an elevation in velocity, above that to which algae were accustomed, led to increased loss rates and temporarily reduced biomass. However, recolonization and growth after biomass reduction were apparently rapid. Substantial export of periphyton following solids addition required erosion of the protective boundary layer accompanied by a velocity increase. These results are applicable to understanding the response of lotic periphytic algae to elevated, turbid storm discharges and similar runoff or high-flow events. 4. Areal uptake rates of P by algae growing in

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ANAEROBIC TOXICITY AND BIODEGRADABILITY OF PULP-MILL WASTE CONSTITUENTS

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WATER RESEARCH 1984年第5期18卷 601-607页

作者： BENJAMIN, MM WOODS, SL FERGUSON, JF Environmental Engineering and Science Program Department of Civil Engineering University of Washington Seattle WA 98195 U.S.A.

Batch bioassays have been conducted to characterize the response of methanogenic bacteria to several constituents of sulfite evaporator condensate. The results can be grouped into three ranges with increasingly severe consequences to anaerobic reactors: a low concentration, no effect range; a medium concentration range where methanogenesis is temporarily interrupted or slowed down, but may return to normal; and a high concentration range where methanogenesis is permanently inhibited. In some cases the toxicant was metabolized when present in the lower concentration ranges. There was also evidence that mechanisms other than fermentation to methane were significant in accounting for removal of the toxicants from solution. Organisms acclimated to low concentrations of a toxicant are better able to withstand a shock load of that toxicant than are unacclimated organisms.

关键词： anaerobic degradation biodegradability furfural guaiacol acclimation toxicity assay

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Satellite-based spatial-statistical modeling of daily stream water temperatures at the CONUS scale

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Journal of Hydrology 2025年 661卷

作者： Daniel Philippus Claudia R. Corona Katie Schneider Ashley Rust Terri S. Hogue Hydrologic Science and Engineering Program Colorado School of Mines Golden CO 80401 USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Colorado School of Mines Golden CO 80401 USA

Stream temperature (ST) is a key driver of water quality and ecosystem health, and the analysis and forecasting thereof benefit from the availability of high spatiotemporal resolution ST datasets. However, such datasets are limited spatially and temporally across the CONUS, particularly for small, remote streams. Available models are limited in domain (regional), spatial resolution ( ≥ 10 km), temporal resolution (monthly), or a combination thereof. We address these limitations by developing a satellite remote sensing-based spatial-statistical model, TempEst 2 (“stream TEMPerature ESTimation, version 2”), to estimate daily mean and maximum temperatures at 1 km resolution for ungaged streams of any size across the CONUS. This contrasts with an earlier version, TempEst 1, which used a random forest algorithm at monthly resolution. TempEst 2 also improves over TempEst 1 in interpretability and computational efficiency. In TempEst 2, the streams used for model training and testing cover a wide range of urban and rural land uses, climates, and geographies. TempEst 2 requires minimal input data and tolerates sparse training gage networks, supporting generalization outside the CONUS. For CONUS applications, TempEst 2 is trained on 1,316 USGS ST gages. Quantitative performance impacts from locally-sparse gage networks are reported. Model performance is evaluated using cross-validation, walk-forward validation, and extrapolation validations over regions and elevation. TempEst 2 estimates daily mean temperatures with a median cross-validation gage RMSE of 2.0 °C, NSE of 0.91, and bias of 0.10%. TempEst 2 supports the development and analysis of high-resolution, large-domain ST datasets across the CONUS.

关键词： Stream temperature River temperature Water temperature Statistical model Satellite remote sensing Contiguous United States Spatial statistics

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Two-dimensional RGO-bridge S-scheme phosphorus-doped g-C_(3)N_(4)/Bi_(5)O_(7)Ivan der Waals heterojunctions for efficient visible-light photocatalytic treatment of real pharmaceutical wastewater

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science China(Technological sciences) 2023年第10期66卷 3011-3024页

作者： WANG ZhenZhou XU XiWei DENG Fang DIONYSIOU Dionysios D LI XiBao PENG JunLong LUO XuBiao ZOU JianPing LUO ShengLian National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metal Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization Nanchang Hangkong UniversityNanchang 330063China Environmental Engineering and Science Program Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering(DChEE)University of CincinnatiCincinnati 45221-0012USA

The design of van der Waals heterojunctions with S-scheme charge transfer pathway is expected to be an effective strategy for improvement of photocatalytic ***,two-dimensional(2D)phosphorus-doped g-C_(3)N_(4)/Bi_(5)O_(7)Ivan der Waals heterojunctions with reduced graphene oxide as electron bridge(PCN/RGO/Bi_(5O)_(7)I)were successfully synthesized via hydrothermal *** van der Waals interaction endowed 2D PCN/RGO/Bi_(5O)_(7)I with intimate contact interface,lattice match,tunable band structure,and internal electric field,which efficiently promoted interfacial charge separation and enhanced redox ability of photogenerated charge *** a result,the S-scheme PCN/RGO/Bi_5O_7I van der Waals heterojunctions exhibited superior photocatalytic performance in ciprofloxacin degradation and real pharmaceutical wastewater *** optimized 12%PCN/RGO/Bi_5O_7I displayed the highest photocatalytic activity with 92%removal of ***,the COD removal efficiency and extent of mineralization of real pharmaceutical wastewater reached 66.9%and 59.8%,respectively,and the biodegradability of pharmaceutical wastewater was significantly *** photocatalytic mechanism of the S-scheme PCN/RGO/Bi_(5)O_(7)I van der Waals heterojunctions based on the analysis of reactive species,work function,and internal electric field was *** study provides fresh insights into plausible design of S-scheme van der Waals heterojunction to enhance photocatalytic redox ability.

关键词： S-scheme heterojunction van der Waals heterostructure photocatalytic degradation ciprofloxacin energy consumption

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