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Construction Research Congress 2024, CRC 2024

作者： Hajiashrafi, Fatemeh Huynh, Huu T. Lucko, Gunnar Eid, Mohamed S. Construction Engineering and Management Program Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering Catholic Univ. of America WashingtonDC United States Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering Catholic Univ. of America WashingtonDC United States Dept. of Construction and Building Engineering College of Engineering and Technology Arab Academy for Science Technology and Maritime Transport Cairo Egypt

ISBN: (数字)9780784485286

ISBN: (纸本)9780784485286

Despite various attempts throughout past decades to deal with concurrent delays in construction project schedules, they continue to be a vexing issue that has eluded an unambiguous solution. Prior studies have resorted to the prime contract, which only binds general contractor and owner, cannot be proven to be fair, and may even be biased. Therefore, this paper adopts a concept from cooperative game theory, the Shapley value, which apportions profits (which project participants seek to maximize). Creatively applying it to liquidated damages (which they seek to minimize), the model uses all participants' actual finish dates as input to gain percentage shares of liquidated damages as output. Analyzing all possible coalitions among participants and assigning weights comprehensively assesses their marginal contributions to the project finish date. This generalized view of participants explicitly includes subcontractors, whom prior approaches typically ignored. An example demonstrates how the model also implies an early completion bonus. This yields compelling implications for real-world incentives that can be cast into future contract clauses. © ASCE.

关键词： Contractors

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Ag-decorated 3D flower-like Bi_(2)MoO_(6)/rGO with boosted photocatalytic performance for removal of organic pollutants

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Rare Metals 2021年第5期40卷 1086-1098页

作者： Xin Liu Wei-Ya Huang Qin Zhou Xi-Rong Chen Kai Yang Dan Li Dionysios D.Dionysiou Faculty of Materials Metallurgical and ChemistryJiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou 341000China Environmental Engineering and Science Program Department of Chemical and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOH 45221-0012USA College of Science HealthEngineering and EducationMurdoch UniversityMurdoch 6150Australia

A series of unique 3D flower-like Bi_(2)MoO_(6)(BMO)/reduced graphene oxide(rGO)heterostructured composites decorated with varying amounts of Ag nanoparticles(NPs)were *** morphological characteristics,structural features,energy band structures and photoelectrochemical properties were systematically *** the Ag/BMO/rGO ternary composites(AgBGy;y=1%,2%and 3%)demonstrated greater photocatalytic activity towards efficient removal of our selected organic models[methyl orange(MO),rhodamine B(RhB)and phenol],as compared with the BMO/rGO binary composites(BG-x;x=0.25,2,4 and 5).Particularly,AgBG-2%,which was synthesized with the addition of 2 wt% rGO and 2 wt%Ag in BMO,possessed superior photocatalytic *** fitted rate constants(k)for the photocatalytic degradation of RhB,MO and phenol using AgBG-2% were estimated to be 0.0286,0.0301 and 0.0165 min^(-1),respectively,which were over one order of magnitude greater than those obtained using pure *** factors may contribute to the observed enhancement,including greater specific surface area,enhanced light absorption,promoted spatial separation of electronhole(e^(-)-h^(+))pairs and their suppressed recombination,especially benefiting from the synergistic effects among BMO,rGO and Ag *** work suggests that the rational design of BMO/rGO/Ag ternary composite was an effective strategy to boost the photocatalytic activity of the resulting catalyst towards the highly efficient removal of organic pollutants from water.

关键词： Bi_(2)MoO_(6) Reduced graphene oxide Ag nanoparticles 3D flower-like morphology Photocatalytic degradation

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Sources of dissolved organic matter in initial rainwater and its photochemical activity

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Water Cycle 2025年 6卷 428-439页

作者： Yanting Xi Sihan Fan Yixin Liu Danni Cui Zhicheng Liao Ziwei Guo Chaochao Lai Haodong Zhang Zhe Zhang Fengxia Han Huan He Bin Huang Xuejun Pan Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650500 China Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650500 China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Management of Plateau Lake-Watershed Kunming 650032 China Environmental Engineering and Science Program Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering (DCEE) University of Cincinnati OH 45221 USA

The dissolved organic matter in initial rainwater (RDOM), including soil-dissolved organic matter (SDOM) and water-soluble organic matter (WSOM) in the atmosphere, can potentially mediate the migration and transformation of contaminants in natural water. However, researches on its sources, characteristics, and impact of environmental factors are limited. This study aims to investigate the main sources of RDOM and its properties influenced by environmental factors (such as light exposure and temperature variation). The results revealed that RDOM was mainly composed of SDOM. Temperature (–5°C, −20°C, temperature alternating, 40°C, 50°C, 60°C) induced the variation of SDOM components, altering its fluorescence characteristics, aromatic components, and hydrophobicity. And high temperature showed a more pronounced effect on SDOM components. However, temperature fluctuations had different impacts on the SDOM-mediated photodegradation of bisphenol A (BPA). Among them, only SDOM that had undergone freeze-thaw cycles exhibited a promotive effect on the photodegradation of BPA, with the most significant effect observed at −20°C. Illumination (ultraviolet light (UV) and natural light (NL)) consumed the chromophoric groups of SDOM, disrupted its intricate electron transfer structure, and reduced the production of •OH and Triplet-state dissolved organic matter ( 3 DOM∗). So, illumination, especially UV, significantly weakened its mediating effect on the photodegradation of BPA. Based on these findings above, RDOM through temperature increase and illumination potentially leads to an inhibition of the degradation rate of organic pollutants. Conversely, RDOM may exhibit an enhanced ability following a freeze-thaw process. This study is crucial for elucidating the environmental effects of RDOM.

关键词： Dissolved organic matter Initial rainwater Photochemical activity Photo modification Temperature changes

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Assessment of Dar es Salaam's resilience to climate change disasters using the Climate Disaster Resilience Index (CDRI)

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Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography 2024年第3期45卷 475-497页

作者： Mkasimongwa, Simon William Fakour, Hoda Hassani, Hussein Juma Sultan, Basma Abdulla Lai, Hsin-Chih Master Degree Program in Safety and Health Science Chang Jung Christian University Tainan City Taiwan International Program for Sustainable Development International College of Practice and Education for the Environment Chang Jung Christian University Tainan Taiwan Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Department of Green Energy and Environmental Resources Chang Jung Christian University Tainan Taiwan

Climate change is becoming an increasingly significant issue in Africa, and the need for climate resilience assessment has intensified. Dar es Salam is one of Africa's emerging megacities. With a population of over seven million, which continues to grow, there is an urgent need to understand the city's ability to deal with natural disasters. The Climate Disaster Resilience Index (CDRI) was used in this study to assess the city's ability to withstand and cope with climatic hazards. The Index was quantified using sets of dimensions (social, physical, economic, natural, and institutional), with various parameters indicating the city's abilities, strengths, and vulnerabilities to potential climate-related disasters. Despite being moderately resilient to climate change disasters, the results of our study indicate that the city's economic and institutional features obtained the lowest scores and the least resilience level. The study's findings provide a perspective on aspects of the city management sectors in terms of resilience and which should be given greater consideration in order to strengthen the city's current and future resilience. © 2024 Department of Geography, National University of Singapore and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.

关键词： climate change flooding resilience weather trends

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Embracing digital mindsets to ensure a sustainable future

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Frontiers of environmental science & engineering 2024年第3期18卷 177-179页

作者： Chengjun Li Riqing Yu Wenjing Ning Huan Zhong Christian Sonne Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510000China Department of Biology Center for EnvironmentBiodiversity and ConservationThe University of Texas at TylerTylerTX 75701USA School of Environment Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210000China Environmental and Life Science Program Trent UniversityPeterboroughOntarioK9H 0A1Canada Faculty of Science and Technology Aarhus UniversityRoskildeDenmark 4000The Kingdom of Denmark Sustainability Cluster School of EngineeringUniversity of Petroleum&Energy StudiesDehradunUttarakhand 248001India

The 19th Asian Games astounded global audiences with an opening spectacle that showcased stunning digital fireworks(International Olympic Committee,2021;Zhe,2023).The groundbreaking display was brought to life through virtual reality(VR)and augmented reality(AR)*** sets a pioneering example to replace conventional fireworks in major international events as well as in other large-scale entertainment activities,marking a historic milestone in the pursuit of a sustainable and healthy future.

关键词： Wildlife Climate Change Heavy metals Noise LAN Light pollution

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Effects of superhydrophobic sand mulching on evapotranspiration and phenotypic responses in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants under normal and reduced irrigation

Plant-Environment Interactions

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Plant-Environment Interactions 2022年第2期3卷 74-88页

作者： Odokonyero, Kennedy Gallo, Adair Dos Santos, Vinicius Mishra, Himanshu Environmental Science and Engineering Program Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia Chemical Engineering Program Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia

Irrigated agriculture in arid and semi-arid regions is a vital contributor to the global food supply. However, these regions endure massive evaporative losses that are compensated by exploiting limited freshwater resources. To increase water-use efficiency in these giga-scale operations, plastic mulches are utilized;however, their non-biodegradability and eventual land-filling renders them unsustainable. In response, we have developed superhydrophobic sand (SHS) mulching technology that is comprised of sand grains or sandy soils with a nanoscale coating of paraffin wax. Here, we investigate the effects of 1 cm-thick SHS mulching on the evapotranspiration and phenotypic responses of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants as a model system under normal and reduced irrigation inside controlled growth chambers. Experimental results reveal that under either irrigation scenario, SHS mulching suppresses evaporation and enhances transpiration by 78% and 17%, respectively relative to the unmulched soil. Comprehensive phenotyping revealed that SHS mulching enhanced root xylem vessel diameter, stomatal aperture, stomatal conductance, and chlorophyll content index by 21%, 25%, 28%, and 23%, respectively, in comparison with the unmulched soil. Consequently, total fruit yields, total dry mass, and harvest index increased in SHS-mulched plants by 33%, 20%, and 16%, respectively compared with the unmulched soil. We also provide mechanistic insights into the effects of SHS mulching on plant physiological processes. These results underscore the potential of SHS for realizing food–water security and greening initiatives in arid regions. © 2022 The Authors. Plant-Environment Interactions published by New Phytologist Foundation and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

关键词： chlorophyll content index evapotranspiration food–water security mulching Solanum lycopersicum stomatal conductance superhydrophobic sand transpiration efficiency

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Regulation of regeneration in Arabidopsis thaliana

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aBIOTECH 2023年第4期4卷 332-351页

作者： Md Khairul Islam Sai Teja Mummadi Sanzhen Liu Hairong Wei Computational Science and Engineering Program Michigan Technological UniversityHoughtonMI 49931USA Computer Science Michigan Technological UniversityHoughtonMI 49931USA Department of Plant Pathology Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science Michigan Technological UniversityHoughtonMI 49931USA

We employed several algorithms with high efficacy to analyze the public transcriptomic data,aiming to identify key transcription factors(TFs)that regulate regeneration in Arabidopsis ***,we utilized CollaborativeNet,also known as TF-Cluster,to construct a collaborative network of all TFs,which was subsequently decomposed into many subnetworks using the Triple-Link and Compound Spring Embedder(CoSE)*** analysis of these subnetworks led to the identification of nine subnetworks closely associated with *** further applied principal component analysis and gene ontology(GO)enrichment analysis to reduce the subnetworks from nine to three,namely subnetworks 1,12,and *** for TF-binding sites in the promoters of the co-expressed and co-regulated(CCGs)genes of all TFs in these three subnetworks and Triple-Gene Mutual Interaction analysis of TFs in these three subnetworks with the CCGs involved in regeneration enabled us to rank the TFs in each ***,six potential candidate TFs-WOx9A,LEC2,PGA37,WIP5,PEI1,and AIL1 from subnetwork 1-were identified,and their roles in somatic embryogenesis(GO:0010262)and regeneration(GO:0031099)were discussed,so were the TFs in Subnetwork 12 and 17 associated with *** TFs identified were also assessed using the CIS-BP database and Expression *** analyses suggest some novel TFs that may have regulatory roles in regeneration and embryogenesis and provide valuable data and insights into the regulatory mechanisms related to *** tools and the procedures used here are instrumental for analyzing high-throughput transcriptomic data and advancing our understanding of the regulation of various biological processes of interest.

关键词： Regeneration Pluripotency Transcription factor Collaborative network

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Using a Fast-Scanning Electrical Nanoparticle Sizer to Characterize Nanoparticles from Laser Ablation

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Aerosol and Air Quality Research 2024年第1期7卷 1-16页

作者： Qi, Chaolong Chen, Da-Ren Cheng, Meng-Dawn Environmental Engineering Science Program Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis United States Environmental Science Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge United States

A Fast-Scanning Electrical Nanoparticle Sizer (FSENS) consisting of a Po210 bipolar charger, a Nano-DMA, and an aerosol electrometer was used to characterize nanoparticles generated by laser ablating the surfaces of cement, chromium-embedded cement, stainless steel, and alumina samples. Different from previous studies, bimodal size distributions, with the nucleation mode having a geometric mean diameter ranging from 5.7–6.6 nm and a geometric standard deviation varying from 1.225–1.379, were observed for all the experimental runs. The curve fitting shows that the bimodal size distribution produced in the laser ablation can be best fitted by a lognormal distribution for the nucleation mode and a Rosin-Rammler distribution for the coagulation mode. At steady state the geometric mean diameter of the coagulation mode was affected by the laser wavelength and target material, but was less influenced by laser energy for a given wavelength. The total particle number concentrations of the two modes appear to be parabolic with respect to the laser fluence. At a given fluence, the stainless-steel sample produced the highest particle number concentration with 532- and 1064-nm lasers; the alumina sample produced the lowest particle number concentration with 266- and 1064-nm lasers. The chromium-embedded cement sample produced fewer particles with 532- and 1064 nm lasers than the pure cement sample. This study also demonstrated that FSENS can provide snapshots of the nanoparticle dynamics during laser ablation in cases of low laser fluence.

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High-resolution density profile of shallow ice core from the southeast Greenland dome drilled in 2021

High-resolution density profile of shallow ice core from the...

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作者： Takasugi, Keita Hori, Akira Kawakami, Kaoru Matsumoto, Mai Sasage, Mahiro Saito, Takeshi Iizuka, Yoshinori Graduate School Social and Environmental Engineering Program Kitami Institute of Technology Japan Department of Earth Energy and Environmental Engineering Kitami Institute of Technology Japan Graduate School of Environmental Science Hokkaido University Japan Institute of Low Temperature Science Hokkaido University Japan

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Impact of preparedness on safety behavior in dealing with emergencies on container ships: an analysis of the role of safety knowledge, motivation, and awareness

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Australian Journal of Maritime and Ocean Affairs 2024年第1期16卷 59-73页

作者： Kuncowati Sholihah, Qomariyatus Ciptadi, Gatot Koderi Faculty of Shipping Vocation Hang Tuah University Surabaya Indonesia Business Engineering and Industrial Management Compartment Brawijaya University Malang Indonesia Department of Animal Science Brawijaya University Malang Indonesia Environmental Science Doctoral Study Program Brawijaya University Malang Indonesia

The loading and unloading activities of container ships at the Tanjung Perak Port is imperative, as they can be carried out quickly and efficiently. These ships tend to have a high frequency of visits and possess the largest gross tonnage among ships used for the transportation of goods. The occurrence of an accident involving a container ship can have a detrimental effect on the seamless delivery of goods via sea transportation. Furthermore, the crew be adequately prepared in order to mitigate the risk. As evidenced by research on safety behaviour have not taken preparedness as a factor into consideration when addressing emergencies. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the impact of safety knowledge, motivation, and awareness on safety behaviour in dealing with emergencies on container ships in accordance with relevant regulations. A total of 180 ship crew members served as respondents and it analysed using SEM-PLS. The results showed that preparedness, including safety procedures, emergency training, and crew security culture is an important aspect in dealing with emergencies. Furthermore, this study obtained an R square value of 0.525 in the structural model, indicating that the independent variables have an influence on behaviour, and it was classified in the good category. © 2023 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

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