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Measurement of atmospheric nanoparticles:Bridging the gap between gas-phase molecules and larger particles

Journal of environmental Sciences 2023年第1期123卷 183-202页

作者： Chao Peng Chenjuan Deng Ting Lei Jun Zheng Jun Zhao Dongbin Wang Zhijun Wu Lin Wang Yan Chen Mingyuan Liu Jingkun Jiang Anpei Ye Maofa Ge Weigang Wang State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(BNLMS)CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Environment Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhaiGuangdong 519082China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention(LAP3) Department of Environmental Science&EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices Department of ElectronicsSchool of Electronics Engineering and Computer SciencePeking UniversityBeijing 100871China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Atmospheric nanoparticles are crucial components contributing to fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5)),and therefore have significant effects on visibility,climate,and human *** to the unique role of atmospheric nanoparticles during the evolution process from gas-phase molecules to larger particles,a number of sophisticated experimental techniques have been developed and employed for online monitoring and characterization of the physical and chemical properties of atmospheric nanoparticles,helping us to better understand the formation and growth of new *** this paper,we firstly review these state-of-the-art techniques for investigating the formation and growth of atmospheric nanoparticles(e.g.,the gas-phase precursor species,molecular clusters,physicochemical properties,and chemical composition).Secondly,we present findings from recent field studies on the formation and growth of atmospheric nanoparticles,utilizing several advanced ***-more,perspectives are proposed for technique development and improvements in measuring atmospheric nanoparticles.

关键词： Nanoparticle Measurement techniques Size distributions Physical properties Chemical composition

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Modeling the dynamic impacts of maritime network blockage on global supply chains

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The Innovation 2024年第4期5卷 103-109,102页

作者： Shen Qu Yunlei She Qi Zhou Jasper Verschuur Lu-Tao Zhao Huan Liu Ming Xu Yi-Ming Wei Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China School of Management Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Beijing Key Lab of Energy Economics and Environmental Management Beijing 100081China Oxford Programme for Sustainable Infrastructure Systems(OPSIS) Environmental Change InstituteUniversity of OxfordOX12JD OxfordUK State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084China School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Recent phenomena such as pandemics,geopolitical tensions,and climate change-induced extreme weather events have caused transportation network interruptions,revealing vulnerabilities in the global supply chain.A salient example is the March 2021 Suez Canal blockage,which delayed 432 vessels carrying cargo valued at$92.7 billion,triggering widespread supply chain *** ability to model the spatiotemporal ramifications of such incidents remains *** fill this gap,we develop an agent-based complex network model integrated with frequently updated maritime *** Suez Canal blockage is taken as a case *** results indicate that the effects of such blockages go beyond the directly affected countries and *** Suez Canal blockage led to global losses of about$136.9($127.5–$147.3)billion,with India suffering 75%of these *** losses show a nonlinear relationship with the duration of blockage and exhibit intricate trends post *** proposed model can be applied to diverse blockage scenarios,potentially acting as an earlyalert system for the ensuing supply chain ***,high-resolution daily data post blockage offer valuable insights that can help nations and industries enhance their resilience against similar future events.

关键词： chains valued extreme

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Global methyl halide emissions from biomass burning during 2003-2021

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environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2023年第2期14卷 79-86页

作者： Xiaoyi Hu Di Chen Liting Hu Bowei Li Xinhe Li Xuekun Fang College of Environmental&Resource Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310058PR China State Key Joint Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing100871PR China Center for Global Change Science Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA02139USA

Methyl halides(CH3Cl,CH3Br,and CH3I)are ozone-depleting *** burning(BB)is an important source of methyl *** temporal variations and global spatial distribution of BB methyl halide emissions are ***,global methyl halide emissions from BB during 2003e2021 were estimated based on satellite data.A significant decreasing trend(p<0.01)in global methyl halide emissions from BB was found between 2003 and 2021,with CH3Cl emissions decreasing from 302 to 220 Gg yr^(-1),CH3Br emissions decreasing from 16.5 to 11.7 Gg yr^(-1),and CH3I emissions decreasing from 8.9 to 6.1 Gg yr^(-1).From a latitudinal perspective,the northern high-latitude region(60e90N)was the only latitude zone with significant increases in BB methyl halide emissions(p<0.01).Based on an analysis of the drivers of BB methyl halide emissions,emissions from cropland,grassland,and shrubland fires were more correlated with the burned area,while BB emissions from forest fires were more correlated with the emissions per unit burned *** non-BB emissions of CH3Cl increased from 4749 Gg yr^(-1)in 2003 to 4882 Gg yr^(-1)in 2020,while those of CH3Br decreased from 136 Gg yr^(-1)in 2003 to 118 Gg yr^(-1)in 2020(global total CH3I emissions are not available).The finding indicates that global CH3Cl and CH3Br emissions from sources besides BB increased and decreased during *** on our findings,not only searching for unknown sources is important,but also re-evaluating known sources is necessary for addressing methyl halide emissions.

关键词： Methyl halides Biomass burning Emission inventory Global budget Ozone depletion

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Thallium spill shifts the structural and functional characteristics of viral communities with different lifestyles in river sediments

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Science of the Total Environment 2024年 947卷 174531页

作者： Zhu, Ying Yan, Shuang Chen, Xiuli Li, Yangyang Xie, Shuguang State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University Beijing100871 China

Thallium (Tl), a highly toxic heavy metal, can affect microbial community, while little is known about its effect on viral community. The present study investigated the variation of viral communities, as well as their interactions with microbial hosts under Tl stress. Tl in sediments significantly altered the composition and diversity of the viral communities, but showed no significant links with the prokaryotic communities, which may reveal a potential discrepancy in the sensitivity of the viral and prokaryotic communities to heavy metal stress. Auxiliary metabolic genes (AMGs) involved in denitrification, methane oxidation and organic sulfur transformation were enriched at T1-contaminated sites, while the abundance of AMGs related to methanogenesis and sulfate reduction were higher at pristine sites. Specially, the enrichment of AMGs involved in assimilatory sulfate reduction in Tl-contaminated sites could possibly reduce Tl bioavailability by enhancing the microbially-driven sulfur cycling to generate sulfides that could be complexed with Tl. Moreover, there was a significantly positive correlation between virus-carrying metal resistant genes and the sedimentary Tl concentration, implying that Tl contamination might enhance the metal resistant potential of the viruses. Serving as the functional gene reservoir, the response of viral AMGs to Tl stress could represent a potential pathway for microorganisms to be adapted to the metal-polluted environments. Our study provided novel insights into the impact of Tl spill on viral communities, shedding light on functional characteristics and the links of virus-host interaction with Tl level. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Hazardous materials spills

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Tuning SMSI to stabilize metallic Pd species:A case study on Pd/TiO_(2) for HCHO oxidation

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第3期35卷 162-166页

作者： Chunying Wang Xiaofeng Liu Jingyi Wang Yaobin Li Shaohua Xie Fudong Liu Changbin Zhang Yuming Zheng Wenpo Shan Hong He Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant ConversionInstitute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research StationChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315800China Department of Civil Environmentaland Construction Engineering(CECE)Catalysis Cluster for Renewable Energy and Chemical Transformations(REACT)Nano Science Technology Center(NSTC)University of Central FloridaOrlandoFL 32816USA State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China

Pretreatment of the carrier for supported catalysts can effectively improve the strong metal-support interaction(SMSI)and increase the dispersion of precious metals,which are critical to many important catalytic *** this work,we tuned SMSI on Pd/TiO_(2)catalysts through inducing surface defects of TiO_(2)by pretreated with different atmospheres(H_(2)/N_(2),N_(2),O_(2)/N_(2))at the high temperature(800℃).Multiple characterization results illustrated that surface defects anchored Pd species and thus enhanced their *** reduction,Ti^(3+)species formed and transferred onto the metallic Pd species and then induced SMSI,which effectively stabilize Pd species in the metallic *** stronger MSI,the more stability of Pd *** a case,Pd/TiO_(2)–800H_(2),with strongest MSI,displayed the best HCHO oxidation performance at low temperature(10℃).

关键词： Pd/TiO_(2) Surface defects SMSI Formaldehyde Stability of Pd species

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Promotion effect of Ce and Ta co-doping on the NH_(3)-SCR performance over V_(2)O_(5)/TiO_(2)catalyst

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2025年第4期150卷 332-339页

作者： Long Liu Xin Shen Zhihua Lian Chunxi Lin Ying Zhu Wenpo Shan Hong He Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment and Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

NH_(3)-SCR(SCR:Selective catalytic reduction)is an effective technology for the de-NO_(x)process from both mobile and stationary pollution sources,and the most commonly used catalysts are the vanadia-based *** innovative V_(2)O_(5)-CeO_(2)/TaTiO_(x)catalyst for NO_(x)removal was prepared in this *** influences of Ce and Ta in the V_(2)O_(5)-CeO_(2)/TaTiO_(x)catalyst on the SCR performance and physicochemical properties were *** V_(2)O_(5)-CeO_(2)/TaTiO_(x)catalyst not only exhibited excellent SCR activity in a wide temperature window,but also presented strong resistance to H_(2)Oand SO_(2)at 275◦C.A series of characterizationmethods was used to study the catalysts,including H2-temperature programmed reduction,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,NH_(3)-temperature programmed desorption,*** was discovered that a synergistic effect existed between Ce and Ta *** introduction of Ce and Ta enlarged the specific surface area,increased the amount of acid sites and the ratio of Ce^(3+),(V^(3+)+V^(4+))and Oα,and strengthened the redox capability which were related to synergistic effect between Ce and Ta species,significantly improving the NH_(3)-SCR activity.

关键词： NH_(3)-SCR Vanadia-based catalysts Synergistic effect Co-doping Low temperature

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Homogeneous and heterogeneous photolysis of nitrate in the atmosphere:state of the science,current research needs,and future prospects

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2023年第4期17卷 109-126页

作者： Yiqun Cao Qingxin Ma Biwu Chu Hong He State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China

Nitrate is an important component of atmospheric particulate matter and affects air quality,climate,human health,and the *** was previously considered a permanent sink for nitrogen oxides(NO_(x)).However,this viewpoint has been challenged in recent years because growing research evidence has shown the transformation of nitrate into NO_(x)(i.e.,renoxification).The photolysis of nitrate/HNO3,especially in the particulate phase or adsorbed on particles,can be a significant renoxification process in the *** formation and photolysis of nitrate in aerosol not only change the diurnal variation of NO_(x),but also provide long-distance transport of NO_(x)in the form of nitrate,which affects local and regional atmospheric chemistry and air *** review summarizes recent advances in the fundamental understanding of the photolysis of nitrate/HNO3 under various atmospheric conditions,with a focus on mechanisms and key factors affecting the *** atmospheric implications are discussed and future research is recommended.

关键词： Nitrate Photolysis Renoxification Aerosol

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Improved atmospheric mercury simulation using updated gas-particle partition and organic aerosol concentrations

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2022年第9期34卷 106-118页

作者： Kaiyun Liu Qingru Wu Shuxiao Wang Xing Chang Yi Tang Long Wang Tonghao Liu Lei Zhang Yu Zhao Qin’geng Wang Jinsheng Chen State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084China Institute of Atmospheric Environment Guangdong provincial academy of environmental scienceGuangzhou 510045China China National Environmental Monitoring Centre Beijing 100012China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing210023China Center for Excellence in Regional Atmos.Environ. Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China

The gaseous or particulate forms of divalent mercury(HgⅡ) significantly impact the spatial distribution of atmospheric mercury concentration and deposition flux(FLX). In the new nested-grid GEOS-Chem model, we try to modify the HgⅡ gas-particle partitioning relationship with synchronous and hourly observations at four sites in China. Observations of gaseous oxidized Hg(GOM), particulate-bound Hg(PBM), and PM 2.5 were used to derive an empirical gas-particle partitioning coefficient as a function of temperature( T) and organic aerosol(OA) concentrations under different relative humidity(RH). Results showed that with increasing RH, the dominant process of HgⅡ gas-particle partitioning changed from physical adsorption to chemical desorption. And the dominant factor of HgⅡ gas-particle partitioning changed from T to OA concentrations. We thus improved the simulated OA concentration field by introducing intermediate-volatility and semi-volatile organic compounds(I/SVOCs) emission inventory into the model framework and refining the volatile distributions of I/SVOCs according to new filed tests in the recent literatures. Finally, normalized mean biases(NMBs) of monthly gaseous element mercury(GEM), GOM, PBM, WFLX were reduced from-33%–29%, 95%–300%, 64%–261%, 117%–122% to-13%–0%,-20%–80%,-31%–50%,-17%–23%. The improved model explains 69%–98% of the observed atmospheric Hg decrease during 2013–2020 and can serve as a useful tool to evaluate the effectiveness of the Minamata Convention on Mercury.

关键词： Nested GEOS-Chem model HgⅡgas-particle partitioning Organic aerosol Atmospheric mercury Mercury deposition flux

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Mechanism for the promotional formation of NH_(4)^(+) by SO_(2) on different mineral dust surfaces

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Particuology 2023年第4期75卷 109-118页

作者： Hao Li Qingxin Ma Biwu Chu Hong He State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100085China Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen361021China Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China

Ammonium is an important atmospheric particulate component that dictates many environmental *** promotion of the heterogeneous conversion of NH_(3) to NH_(4)^(+) by SO_(2) on different mineral dust surfaces displays remarkable discrepancies,especially on MgO and α-Fe2O3 surfaces,however,the underlying mechanisms are not well ***,using periodic density functional theory(DFT)calculation and Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics(BOMD)simulation,we explored the hetero-geneous adsorption of NH_(3) on MgO(110)and α--Fe2O3(001)surfaces in the presence and absence of SO_(2).The results show that on MgO(110)surface,hydrogen-bonding interactions of NH_(3) on both adsorbed hydroxyl or bisulfite/bisulfate sites are observed no matter whether SO_(2) is present or ***,on theα-Fe2O3(001)surface,significant conversion of NH_(3) to NH_(4)^(+)occurs with the coexistence of SO_(2),which is due to the hydrogen transfer reaction from surface HSO4 to N in NH_(3).The fundamental reason may be that the stronger electron affinity of Fe3+than Mg2+results in adsorbed bisulfate and/or bisulfite with greater acidity on α-Fe2O3 surface than MgO *** results give a molecular-level explanation for the heterogeneous conversion of NH_(3) to NH_(4)^(+)on different mineral dust surfaces under complex air pollution *** the fact that ammonium is abundant in secondary particulates,this work would help in understanding the rapid conversion of ammonia to ammonium and in developing classification governance policies for the key precursor pollutants in China.

关键词： Mineral dust Heterogeneous reaction Theoretical calculation Ammonium SO_(2)

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Screening legacy and emerging organic pollutants in the contaminated soil of Dhaka,Bangladesh

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Emerging Contaminants 2024年第3期10卷 343-353页

作者： Refayat Nigar Shizhen Zhao Xin Liu Huanfang Huang Lele Tian Yuwei Xiao Ahsan Habib Gan Zhang State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou510640China Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization Guangzhou510640China Anti-Drug Technology Center of Guangdong Province and National Anti-Drug Laboratory Guangdong Regional Center Guangzhou510230China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control South China Institute of Environmental SciencesMinistry of Ecology and EnvironmentGuangzhou510530China Department of Chemistry University of DhakaDhaka1000Bangladesh University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

The current understanding of the legacy and emerging organic pollutants in the soil of Bangladesh remains *** disposal practices,particularly in e-waste,landfills,and industrial operations,may lead to the pervasive presence of persistent organic pollutants(POPs)and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in the *** study aimed to systematically investigate the concentrations,sources,and risk assessment of halogenated flame retardants(HFRs),polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs),polychlorinated naphthalenes(PCNs),organochlorine pesticides(OCPs),chlorinated paraffins(CPs),and PAHs in the contaminated soil of Dhaka's dumpsites,e-waste,and industrial areas collected in *** total concentration of investigated pollutants averaged at 4790±4040 ng g^(-1)dw,with the following order:P44CPs(4110±4140 ng g^(-1)dw)>P16PAHs(422±491 ng g^(-1)dw)>P16HFRs(190±538 ng g^(-1)dw)>P209PCBs(43.5±73.5 ng g^(-1)dw)>P50PCNs(17.7±21.0 ng g^(-1)dw)>P27OCPs(9.41±9.61 ng g^(-1)dw).The e-waste site exhibited the highest total concentration of the target pollutants,reaching 12,700 ng g1 *** were the predominant contributors,accounting for averages of 81.8%,70.5%,and 68.5%to waste landfills,e-waste,and industrial sites,respectively.A comprehensive analysis of 209 PCB congeners revealed their primary origin from Aroclor PCBs,with minor contributions from unintentionally produced *** highest incremental lifetime carcinogenic risk(ILCR)occurred in e-waste sites,contributed by dioxin-like PCBs,with a maximum value of 5.9×10^(-5)for adults,exceeding the limit 1.0×10^(-6)set by the *** non-carcinogenic hazard quotients(HQs)were much lower,suggesting no significant risk from the investigated *** findings highlight the importance of proper waste management and regulated e-waste recycling to mitigate potential hazardous risks to the Bangladeshi population.

关键词： Persistent organic pollutants Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Chlorinated paraffins Polychlorinated biphenyls Risk assessment Contaminated soil Bangladesh

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