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arXiv 2025年

作者： Wang, Shanting Typaldos, Panagiotis Malikopoulos, Andreas A. System Engineering Program Cornell University IthacaNY United States School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Cornell University IthacaNY United States School of Civil and Environmental Engineering The System Engineering Program Cornell University IthacaNY United States

In this paper, we present Corridor-Agent (CorrA), a framework that integrates large language models (LLMs) with model predictive control (MPC) to address the challenges of dynamic obstacle avoidance in autonomous vehicles. Our approach leverages LLM reasoning ability to generate appropriate parameters for sigmoid-based boundary functions that define safe corridors around obstacles, effectively reducing the state-space of the controlled vehicle. The proposed framework adjusts these boundaries dynamically based on real-time vehicle data that guarantees collision-free trajectories while also ensuring both computational efficiency and trajectory optimality. The problem is formulated as an optimal control problem and solved with differential dynamic programming (DDP) for constrained optimization, and the proposed approach is embedded within an MPC framework. Extensive simulation and real-world experiments demonstrate that the proposed framework achieves superior performance in maintaining safety and efficiency in complex, dynamic environments compared to a baseline MPC approach. © 2025, CC0.

关键词： Constrained optimization

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Optimizing waste pre-collection model in Indonesian communities: comparing drop-off and door-to-door models through social cost–benefit analysis

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Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management 2025年 1-17页

作者： Miftahadi, Machmuddin Fitra Hibino, Kohei Rachman, Indriyani Matsumoto, Toru Graduate Program in Environmental System Graduate School of Environmental Engineering The University of Kitakyushu Kitakyushu808-0135 Japan Kitakyushu Urban Centre Institute for Global Environmental Strategies Kitakyushu805-0062 Japan Department of Natural Science Education School of Postgraduate Studies Universitas Pakuan Kota Bogor16143 Indonesia Research Center for Urban Energy Management Institute of Environmental Science and Technology The University of Kitakyushu Kitakyushu808-0135 Japan

Indonesia lacks an established waste pre-collection system resulting 90% waste ending up in open-dumping site. This study identifies a 35-m radius per drop-off points as the most optimal model. The City of South Tangerang, on 21 residential areas with a population of 63,157, being examine. Utilizing ArcGIS Pro and Python scripting, 12 scenarios were developed, model drop-off radii of 15–45 m and household limits of 4–32 per drop-off point, including combined models. Spatial clustering KD-Tree algorithm and Proximity-based Routing were employed to determine collection placements and walking distances. Heatmap and ANOVA tests evaluated conformity with residential characteristics. Model then organized into eight frequency schemes, utilizing motorcart and handcart systems with 4-day and 2-day pickup schedules for waste bank and in-house compost programs. This optimized model reduces collection time by up to 81% and costs by 50% compared to traditional door-to-door systems, achieving cost reductions of $30–$38 USD per ton and lowering CO₂ emissions. The discussion covers opportunity costs and occupational risk. This approach supports Indonesia’s waste reduction targets and offers policy alignment for urban waste management. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Japan KK, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Python

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Combining Cooperative Re-Routing with Intersection Coordination for Connected and Automated Vehicles in Urban Networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Typaldos, Panagiotis Malikopoulos, Andreas A. School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Cornell University IthacaNY United States School of Civil and Environmental Engineering The System Engineering Program Cornell University IthacaNY United States

In this paper, we present a hierarchical framework that integrates upper-level routing with low-level optimal trajectory planning for connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) traveling in an urban network. The upper-level controller efficiently distributes traffic flows by utilizing a dynamic rerouting algorithm that leverages real-time density information and the fundamental diagrams of each network edge. This rerouting approach predicts when each edge will reach critical density and proactively adjusts the routing algorithm’s weights to prevent congestion before it occurs. The low-level controller coordinates CAVs as they cross signal-free intersections, generating optimal, fuel-efficient trajectories while ensuring safe passage by satisfying all relevant constraints. We formulate the problem as an optimal control problem and derive an analytical solution. Using the SUMO micro-simulation platform, we conduct simulation experiments on a realistic network. The results show that our hierarchical framework significantly enhances network performance compared to a baseline static routing approach. By dynamically re-routing vehicles, our approach successfully reduces total travel time and mitigates congestion before it develops. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Travel time

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A scoping review on reflective coatings with nanomaterials: progress since 2000 and current challenges

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Journal of Cleaner Production 2025年 511卷

作者： Alim, Mohammad A. Tao, Zhong Imran, H.M. Rahim, Md Arifur Malik, Zainab Rahman, Ataur School of Engineering Design and Built Environment Western Sydney University NSW2751 Australia Climate Change Research Centre The University of New South Wales NSW2052 Australia Climate System Hub National Environmental Science Program Australian Government Australia Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Monash University ClaytonVIC3800 Australia

This study investigates the progress in using nanomaterials in reflective coating (RC) technology. Generally, the benefits of RC are twofold: minimizing surface temperature and protecting surfaces. The purpose of applying RC is versatile, such as lowering the urban heat island effect and building energy consumption, improving photovoltaic performance, and increasing the durability of infrastructure. Incorporating nanomaterials in RC mixes enhances the effectiveness of this technology. However, the technical feasibility and economic viability of an appropriate preparation procedure with a proper mix design remain debatable. This review looks into peer-reviewed research articles related to the application of nanomaterials in RC technology in the core "Web of Science" and "Scopus" collections. It can be argued that researchers used nanomaterials for five distinct purposes: a) blocking near-infrared and ultraviolet portions of solar radiation, b) temperature shielding, c) radiative cooling, d) sub-ambient cooling, and e) surface cleaning or self-cleaning. It is revealed that nanomaterials could enhance the surface solar reflectivity and emissivity to 97 % and 0.97, respectively. The reported surface temperature reduction ranges between 2 and 35 °C with a statistical median value of 9.6 °C, whereas the sub-ambient cooling ranges between 2 and 13 °C with a statistical median value of 5 °C. Cooling power of the RC ranged between 35 and 135 W/m2, with a median value of 77 W/m2. Inconsistencies in RC performance have been discussed in the related sections. It is also found that a superhydrophobic RC can be prepared with a contact angle of ∼164°, but the coating has its advantages and limitations. The role of nanomaterials in enhancing UV stability and durability is discussed, along with the practicality and scalability of the technology. It is revealed that key challenges in RC technology include economic viability, stability concerns, and environmental implications. Based o

关键词： Surface cleaning

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Ozone pollution induced-yield loss of major staple crops in China and effects from COVID-19

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2025年 157卷 804-820页

作者： Haiyang Liu Siyuan Wang Guangsheng Chen Zhaozhong Feng Di Liu Wenxiu Zhang Shufen Pan Hanqin Tian State Key Laboratory For Ecological Security of Regions and Cities Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang A&F University Hangzhou 311300 China School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044 China Department of Engineering and Environmental Studies Program Boston College Chestnut Hill MA 02467-9991 USA Center for Earth System Science and Global Sustainability Schiller Institute for Integrated Science and Society Boston College Chestnut Hill MA 02467-9991 USA Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Boston College Chestnut Hill MA 02467-9991 USA

Surface ozone (O 3 ) pollution showed a continuous increasing trend during the recent decades in China, posing an increasing threat to food security. A wide range of yield reductions have been reported and thus more studies are needed to narrow down the uncertainty resulting from spatiotemporal accuracy of O 3 metrics and extrapolation methods. Based on a high spatial resolution (0.1°) hourly surface O 3 data, here we analyzed the spatiotemporal O 3 pollution patterns and impacts on yield, production and economic losses for wheat, rice, and maize in China during 2005–2020. The accumulated O 3 exposure over a threshold of 40 ppb (AOT40) increased by 10 % during 2005–2019, and a decrease of 5.56 % was observed in 2020 due to the COVID-19 lockdowns. Rising O 3 pollution reduced national level wheat, rice and maize yields by 14.51 % ± 0.43 %, 11.10 % ± 0.6 %, and 3.99 % ± 0.11 %, respectively. A Business-As-Usual projection suggested that the relative yield loss (RYL) would potentially reach 8 %–18 % at the national scale by 2050 if no emission control is implemented. COVID-19 lockdowns in 2020 led to significantly reduced RYL for maize (0.52 %) and rice (2.17 %) but not for wheat (0.11 %), with the largest reduction (1.88 %–9.4 %) in North China Plain, highlighting the potential benefits of emission control. Our findings provided robust evidence that rising O 3 pollution has significantly affected China's crop yields, production and economic losses, underscoring the urgent need to curb O 3 pollution to safeguard food security, particularly in densely populated and industrialized regions.

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Initiation of ice jam in front of bridge piers-An experimental study

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2019年第1期31卷 117-123页

作者： Jun Wang Jian Hua Pang-pang Chen Jueyi Sui Peng Wu Todd Whitcombe College of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China Modern Green Development Co.LTD Beijing 100028China Environmental Sciences and Engineering Program University of Northern British ColumbiaPrince GeorgeBCCanada Environmental System Engineering Program University of ReginaReginaCanada

The presence of bridge piers in natural rivers significantly changes the flow and boundary *** a consequence,ice jams can often be initiated in front of bridge *** the changes in flow conditions,two types of ice jam formation may appear:surface accumulation of ice blocks (surface ice blockage) and thickened accumulation of ice blocks (vertical ice blockage).In the present study,the initiation process of ice jam was studied based on *** is found that the critical ice concentration for ice jam blockage depends on the ice block dimension,channel opening and flow *** surface blockage conditions,a larger ratio of ice cube dimension to channel opening (between piers) can result in a smaller critical ice concentration for ice jam blockage,which has no obvious relation with flow *** vertical blockage conditions,the critical ice concentration for ice jam blockage increases with flow Froude number and decreases with the ratio of ice dimension to channel opening (between piers).Based on experiments conducted in laboratory,equations for determining critical ice concentration for these two types of ice jam blockage have been developed.

关键词： Bridge piers surface ice blockage vertical ice blockage critical ice concentrations

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Some solution strategies for automated highway exit bottleneck problems

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TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART C-EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES 1996年第3期4卷 167-179页

作者： Ran, B Huang, WJ Leight, S Intelligent Transportation System Program Department of Civil Environmental Engineering University of Wisconsin at Madison 2256 Engineering Hall 1415 Engineering Drive Madison WI 53706 U.S.A.

Transportation planners are exploring methods to ease congestion on urban freeways. The Automated Highway system(AHS) is a potential solution that could triple current freeway capacity. A three-fold increase in freeway capacity would translate into a significant increase in peak freeway traffic how. The corresponding increase of flow on urban roads due to exiting AHS vehicles could quickly overwhelm the capacity of urban streets and lead to critical bottlenecking of AHS flow. If exiting AHS vehicles cannot sufficiently clear AHS exits because the local streets are jammed, traffic will spill onto the AHS mainline and reduce AHS capacity. The loss of AHS capacity due to congestion in urban destinations and the resulting back spill of traffic onto the AHS wilt greatly detract from the AHS system. The following Non-Intermodal Interface (NII) and Intermodal Interface (II) strategies are proposed as solutions to this critical problem: (1) the dispersion of flow through AHS networks;(2) the dispersion of flow at commuter destinations;and (3) the consolidation of flow at central locations. Specifically, smart street signals and prioritized street design, intermodal terminals, and automated garages are identified as potential solutions. This paper qualitatively discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each of the three general strategies, and quantitatively discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each of the four specific solutions through Simulated scenarios which account for varying ramp volumes, trip attraction patterns, and urban structures. Our investigation shows that creative combinations of these methods can be useful to integrate future AHS with local road networks. Without such integration, the AHS cannot succeed. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd

关键词： Highway systems

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Machine learning-based analysis on factors influencing blood heavy metal concentrations in the Korean CHildren's environmental health Study (Ko-CHENS)

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Science of the Total Environment 2025年 978卷

作者： Jung, Seowoo Shah, Surabhi Oh, Jongmin Bang, Yoorim Lee, Ji Hyen Kim, Hwan-Cheol Jeong, Kyoung Sook Park, Huibyeol Lee, Eun-Kyung Hong, Yun-Chul Ha, Eunhee Department of Statistics Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Environmental Medicine College of Medicine Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Human Systems Medicine College of Medicine Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of College of Medicine Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea Republic of Institute for Development and Human Security Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Pediatrics College of Medicine Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine College of Medicine Inha University Hospital Inha University Incheon Korea Republic of Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Wonju College of Medicine Wonju Severance Christian Hospital Yonsei University Wonju Korea Republic of Environmental Health Research Division National Institute of Environmental Research Incheon Korea Republic of Institute of Environmental Medicine Medical Research Center Seoul National University Korea Republic of Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering Ewha Womans University Ewha Medical Research Institute College of Medicine Seoul Korea Republic of

Heavy metal concentration in pregnant women affects neurocognitive and behavioral development of their infants and children. The majority of existing research focusing on pregnant women's heavy metal concentration has considered individual environmental factor. In this study, we aim to comprehensively consider lifestyle, food, and environmental factors to determine the most influential factor affecting heavy metal concentration in pregnant women. The Ko-CHENS (Korean CHildren health and environmental Study) is a nationwide prospective birth cohort study in South Korea enrolling pregnant women from 2015 to 2020. A total of 5458 eligible pregnant women were included in this study, and 897 variables were included in questionnaire comprising: maternal general information, indoor and living environment, dietary habits, health behavior, exposure to chemicals. Lead, cadmium and mercury concentration on blood were measured in early, late pregnancy and in cord blood at birth. Variables that might be related to heavy metal concentrations were included in machine learning models. Random forest and XGBoost machine learning models were conducted for predictions. Both models had similar but better performance than multiple linear regression. Kimchi (β = 1.55), seaweed (β = 0.40), fatty fish (β = 1.55), intakes respectively affected lead, cadmium, and mercury exposure through early, late pregnancy and cord blood. © 2025

关键词： Obstetrics

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Sex-specific effects of prenatal exposure to phthalates and bisphenol A on adverse birth outcomes: Results from The Korean CHildren's environmental health Study (Ko-CHENS)

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Environment International 2025年 199卷 109518页

作者： Oh, Jongmin Shah, Surabhi Lee, Kyung A Park, Eunkyo Lee, Dong-Wook Hong, Yun-Chul Song, Sanghwan Kim, Sung Yeon Park, Huibyeol Kim, Hwan-Cheol Jeong, Kyoung Sook Ha, Eunhee Department of Environmental Medicine College of Medicine Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea Republic of College of Medicine Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Human Systems Medicine College of Medicine Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology College of Medicine Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Inha University Hospital Inha University Incheon Korea Republic of Institute of Environmental Medicine Medical Research Center Seoul National University Korea Republic of Environmental Health Research Division National Institute of Environmental Research Incheon Korea Republic of Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine College of Medicine Wonju Severance Christian Hospital Yonsei University Wonju Korea Republic of Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering Ewha Womans University Ewha Medical Research Institute College of Medicine Seoul Korea Republic of

Objectives: Although previous epidemiological studies have reported the effects of fetal exposure to phthalates and phenols on birth outcomes, evidence is still limited. The objective of this study was to investigate whether prenatal exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals [EDCs;phthalates and bisphenol A (BPA)] is associated with birth outcomes and whether there are sex-specific effects. Methods: We used data from the Korean CHildren's environmental health Study (Ko-CHENS) cohort. Exposure to phthalates and BPA was measured by urine tests, and the information on outcomes and confounders was obtained from delivery records, biomarker assessment, and a self-reported questionnaire. We performed multivariate logistic regression to estimate the association between exposure to individual phthalates and bisphenol A and birth outcomes. Additionally, to evaluate the effects of EDC mixture exposure, we performed weighted quantile sum regression analysis. Subgroup analysis stratified by maternal age and sex at birth was performed to examine potential differences in associations. Results: This study included 2,176 mother–child pairs from the Ko-CHENS. We observed a significant association between the risk of PTB and exposure to BPA during early pregnancy and mono-carboxyoctyl phthalate (MCOP) during late pregnancy, with odds ratios of 1.23 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.49) and 1.29 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.62), respectively. Additionally, there was a significant association between exposure to MCOP during early pregnancy and the risk of LBW (OR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.89). For male infants in particular, exposure to MCOP during early pregnancy was associated with the risk of LBW (OR: 2.44, 95% CI: 1.43, 4.15), and exposure to MCOP during late pregnancy was associated with the risk of PTB (OR 1.45, 95% CI: 1.05, 2.02). Conclusions: This study suggests a potential association between exposure to BPA during early pregnancy and PTB, while exposure to MCOP during late pregnancy was associated with inc

关键词： Logistic regression

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Analysis of the life cycle environmental impact reductions of remanufactured turbochargers

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Journal of Remanufacturing 2023年第2期13卷 187-206页

作者： Lee, Jong-Hyo Kang, Hong-Yoon Kim, Young-Woon Hwang, Yong Woo Kwon, Soon-Gil Park, Hee-Won Choi, Ji-Woo Choi, Hwan-Ho Program in Circular Economy Environmental System Inha University Incheon South Korea Department of Environmental Engineering Inha University Incheon South Korea

Recently, remanufacturing approach/technology, which includes a series of the processes of disassembling, cleaning, inspecting, repairing/reconditioning, reassembling components for resale, is becoming more popular as companies look for a way to combat the current climate crisis, and as it allows companies to reduce environmental impacts and to save energy and resources. This study analyzed the reduction effect of six environmental impacts and the savings effect of energy and resources by turbocharger remanufacturing compared to its newly manufacturing using a life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology. The results show that the most significant benefit of the turbocharger remanufacturing related to environmental impacts was the global warming potential (GWP), which could be reduced by 52.2%, followed by the abiotic depletion potential (ADP), terrestrial ecotoxicity potential (TETP), human toxicity potential (HTP), freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity potential (FAETP) and marine aquatic ecotoxicity potential (MAETP) which could be reduced by 51.9%, 44.8%, 44.2%, 42.6%, and 36.7%, respectively. Also, its resource saving could be obtained from 21.7 to 73.5% depending on the type of resources. Furthermore, turbocharger remanufacturing offered a significant energy saving of 83.9%. The results obtained from this study could be used for national policy-making to a net-zero carbon transition. © 2023, The Author(s).

关键词： Energy/Resources savings environmental impacts Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Turbocharger remanufacturing

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