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Association of postnatal exposure to mixture of bisphenol A, Di-n-butyl phthalate and Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate with Children's IQ at 5 Years of age: Mothers and Children's environmental health (MOCEH) study

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Chemosphere 2024年 347卷 140626页

作者： Ham, Dajeong Ha, Mina Park, Hyesook Hong, Yun-Chul Kim, Yangho Ha, Eunhee Bae, Sanghyuk Department of Preventive Medicine College of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Preventive Medicine College of Medicine Dankook University Cheonan Korea Republic of Department of Preventive Medicine College of Medicine Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Preventive Medicine College of Medicine Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine University of Ulsan College of Medicine Ulsan Korea Republic of Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine College of Medicine Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea Republic of Environmental Health Center College of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea Seoul Korea Republic of

Early childhood is important for neurodevelopment, and exposure to endocrine disruptors such as bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates in this period may cause neurodevelopmental disorders and delays. The present study examined the association between exposure to mixtures of BPA and three metabolites of phthalates in early childhood and IQ at 5 years of age. The Mother and Children's environmental Health (MOCEH) study is a prospective birth cohort study conducted in Korea with 1751 pregnant women enrolled from 2006 to 2010. After excluding those without relevant data, 47 children were included in the final analysis. We measured children's urinary concentrations of metabolites of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (Bisphenol A, mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate, mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate and mono-(2-ethyl-5-butyl) phthalate) at ages of 24 and 36 months. We evaluated the children's IQ with the Korean Wechsler Intelligence Test at the age of 5 years. After adjusting for potential confounders, a multiple linear regression was conducted to examine the associations between individual endocrine-disrupting chemicals and the IQ of the children. Weighted Quantile Sum (WQS) regression and quantile-based g-computation were used to assess the association between IQ at age 5 and exposure to mixtures of BPA and phthalates. In the single-chemical analyses, mono-(2-ethyl-5-butyl) phthalate exposure at 36 months was adversely associated with children's IQ (β = −4.93, 95% confidence interval (CI): -9.22, −0.64). In the WQS regression and quantile-based g-computation analyses, exposure to the mixture of BPA and phthalates was associated with lower IQ [β = −9.13 (P-value = 0.05) and β = −9.18 (P-value = 0.05), respectively]. The largest contributor to the overall association was exposure to mono-(2-ethyl-5-butyl) phthalate at 36 months. In the present study, postnatal exposure to mixtures of BPA and three metabolites of phthalates was associated with decreased IQ of children at ag

关键词： Metabolites

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Mercury transformation processes in nature: Critical knowledge gaps and perspectives for moving forward

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2022年第9期34卷 152-165页

作者： Zhiyuan Gao Wang Zheng Yanbin Li Yurong Liu Mengjie Wu Shouying Li Ping Li Guangliang Liu Xuewu Fu Shuxiao Wang Feiyue Wang Yong Cai Xinbin Feng Baohua Gu Huan Zhong Yongguang Yin Centre for Earth Observation Science and Department of Environment and GeographyUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegMB R3T 2N2Canada Institute of Surface-Earth System Science Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300192China Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology Ministry of Education and College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China School of the Environment Nanjing UniversityState Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource ReuseNanjing 210023China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081China Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Florida International UniversityMiamiFL 33199USA School of Environment and State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Environmental Sciences Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTennessee 37831USA Environmental and Life Sciences Program(EnLS) Trent UniversityPeterboroughOntario K9L 0G2Canada Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China

The transformation of mercury(Hg) in the environment plays a vital role in the cycling of Hg and its risk to the ecosystem and human health. Of particular importance are Hg oxidation/reduction and methylation/demethylation processes driven or mediated by the dynamics of light, microorganisms, and organic carbon, among others. Advances in understanding those Hg transformation processes determine our capacity of projecting and mitigating Hg risk. Here, we provide a critical analysis of major knowledge gaps in our understanding of Hg transformation in nature, with perspectives on approaches moving forward. Our analysis focuses on Hg transformation processes in the environment, as well as emerging methodology in exploring these processes. Future avenues for improving the understanding of Hg transformation processes to protect ecosystem and human health are also explored.

关键词： Mercury oxidation reduction methylation demethylation isotope fractionation

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Evaluation of the Mechanisms Acting on the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation in CESM2 for the 1pctCO_(2) Experiment

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Journal of Atmospheric Science Research 2024年第1期7卷 40-58页

作者： Lívia Sancho Elisa Passos Marcio Cataldi Luiz Paulo de Freitas Assad Luiz Landau Laboratory of Computational Methods in Engineering Civil Engineering ProgramAlberto Luiz Coimbra Institute for Graduate Studies and Research in EngineeringFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro21941-617Brazil Civil Engineering Program Alberto Luiz Coimbra Institute for Graduate Studies and Engineering ResearchFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro21941-617Brazil Physical Oceanography Laboratory Department of Physical OceanographyFaculty of OceanographyRio de Janeiro State UniversityRio de Janeiro20559-900Brazil Climate System Monitoring and Modeling Laboratory Water Resources and Environmental EngineeringFluminense Federal University24020-140Brazil Regional Atmospheric Modeling Group(MAR) Physics of the EarthDepartment of PhysicsRegional Campus of International Excellence(CEIR)“Campus Mare Nostrum”University of MurciaMurcia30100Spain Department of Meteorology Institute of GeosciencesFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro21941-617Brazil

The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation(AMOC)is a crucial component of the Earth’s climate system due to its fundamental role in heat distribution,carbon and oxygen transport,and the *** climate components,such as the atmosphere and sea ice,influence the *** the physical mechanisms of those interactions is paramount to increasing knowledge about AMOC’s *** this study,the authors used outputs from the Community Earth system Model version 2 and observational data to investigate changes in theAMOC and the associated physical *** DECK experiments were evaluated:piControl and 1pctCO_(2),with an annual increase of 1%of atmospheric CO_(2).The analysis revealed a significant decrease in the AMOC,associated with changes in mixed layer depth and buoyancy in high latitudes of the North Atlantic,resulting in the shutdown of deep convection and potentially affecting the formation of North Atlantic Deep Water and Antarctic Bottom Water.A vital aspect observed in this study is the association between increased runoff and reduced water evaporation,giving rise to a positive feedback ***,the rates of freshwater spreading have intensified during this period,which could lead to an accelerated disruption of the AMOC beyond the projections of existing models.

关键词： AMOC Meridional cell Climate change Deep circulation CESM2 results CMIP6

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Ecotoxicity of micro- and nanoplastics on aquatic algae: Facts, challenges, and future opportunities

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Journal of environmental Management 2023年 346卷 118982页

作者： Nguyen, Minh-Ky Lin, Chitsan Nguyen, Hoang-Lam Le, Van-Giang Haddout, S. Um, Myoung-Jin Chang, Soon W. Nguyen, D. Duc Program in Maritime Science and Technology National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung81157 Taiwan Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources Nong Lam University Linh Trung Ward Thu Duc City Ho Chi Minh City700000 Viet Nam Department of Marine Environmental Engineering National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung81157 Taiwan Department of Civil Engineering McGill University Montreal Canada Central Institute for Natural Resources and Environmental Studies Vietnam National University Hanoi111000 Viet Nam Department of Physics Ibn Tofail University Morocco Department of Civil & Energy System Engineering Kyonggi University 442-760 Korea Republic of Faculty of Environmental and Food Engineering Nguyen Tat Thanh University 300A Nguyen Tat Thanh District 4 HCM City755414 Viet Nam

The production of plastic has exponentially increased in recent years, leading to the release of millions of tons of plastic waste into the environment annually. This waste can break down into smaller micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) that are toxic and reactive to life forms, including humans. MNPs are particularly concerning for marine biologists and environmental scientists due to their toxic impacts on aquatic organisms, including algae, which are the foundation of the food chain. The review provides a comprehensive overview of the (eco)toxicity assessment of MNPs on aquatic algal communities, highlighting the novel insights gained into the ecotoxicity of various MNPs on algae and the associated health risks for aquatic ecosystems, food chains, and humans. This article also discusses current challenges and future research opportunities to address these challenges, making it a valuable contribution to the field of environmental science. Overall, this work is one of the first efforts to comprehensively assess the effects of MNPs on aquatic algae, emphasizing the significant risks that MNPs pose to essential ecosystems and human health. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Health risks

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Machine learning-based analysis on factors influencing blood heavy metal concentrations in the Korean CHildren's environmental health Study (Ko-CHENS)

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Science of the Total Environment 2025年 978卷

作者： Jung, Seowoo Shah, Surabhi Oh, Jongmin Bang, Yoorim Lee, Ji Hyen Kim, Hwan-Cheol Jeong, Kyoung Sook Park, Huibyeol Lee, Eun-Kyung Hong, Yun-Chul Ha, Eunhee Department of Statistics Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Environmental Medicine College of Medicine Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Human Systems Medicine College of Medicine Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of College of Medicine Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea Republic of Institute for Development and Human Security Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Pediatrics College of Medicine Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine College of Medicine Inha University Hospital Inha University Incheon Korea Republic of Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Wonju College of Medicine Wonju Severance Christian Hospital Yonsei University Wonju Korea Republic of Environmental Health Research Division National Institute of Environmental Research Incheon Korea Republic of Institute of Environmental Medicine Medical Research Center Seoul National University Korea Republic of Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering Ewha Womans University Ewha Medical Research Institute College of Medicine Seoul Korea Republic of

Heavy metal concentration in pregnant women affects neurocognitive and behavioral development of their infants and children. The majority of existing research focusing on pregnant women's heavy metal concentration has considered individual environmental factor. In this study, we aim to comprehensively consider lifestyle, food, and environmental factors to determine the most influential factor affecting heavy metal concentration in pregnant women. The Ko-CHENS (Korean CHildren health and environmental Study) is a nationwide prospective birth cohort study in South Korea enrolling pregnant women from 2015 to 2020. A total of 5458 eligible pregnant women were included in this study, and 897 variables were included in questionnaire comprising: maternal general information, indoor and living environment, dietary habits, health behavior, exposure to chemicals. Lead, cadmium and mercury concentration on blood were measured in early, late pregnancy and in cord blood at birth. Variables that might be related to heavy metal concentrations were included in machine learning models. Random forest and XGBoost machine learning models were conducted for predictions. Both models had similar but better performance than multiple linear regression. Kimchi (β = 1.55), seaweed (β = 0.40), fatty fish (β = 1.55), intakes respectively affected lead, cadmium, and mercury exposure through early, late pregnancy and cord blood. © 2025

关键词： Obstetrics

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Evaluating the impacts of environmental and human health of the critical minerals mining and processing industries in Indonesia using life cycle assessment

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Case Studies in Chemical and environmental engineering 2024年 10卷

作者： Wahyono, Yoyon Sasongko, Nugroho Adi Trench, Allan Anda, Martin Hadiyanto, Hadiyanto Aisyah, Nyayu Anisah, Anisah Ariyanto, Novy Kumalasari, Isnaeni Putri, Virny Zasyana Eka Lestari, Mutia Citrawati Panggabean, Lambas Parlaungan Ridlo, Rohmadi Sundari, Sundari Suryaningtyas, Anissa Dewi Novianti, Endah Dwi Hakim, Muhammad Raihan Farras Prihatin, Anggara Lomak Matin, Hashfi Hawali Abdul Research Center for Sustainable Production System and Life Cycle Assessment National Research and Innovation Agency - BRIN Prof. BJ. Habibie Complex Area Banten Tangerang Selatan 15314 Indonesia Energy Security Graduate Program Republic of Indonesia Defense University IPSC Sentul Area West Java 16810 Indonesia Centre for Exploration Targeting School of Earth Sciences The University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway Crawley 6009 WA Australia UWA Business School 35 Stirling Highway Crawley 6009 WA Australia Environmental Engineering Murdoch University Murdoch 6150 WA Australia Doctoral Program of Environmental Science School of Postgraduate Studies Diponegoro University Central Java Semarang 50241 Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Central Java Semarang 50275 Indonesia Department of Mechanical Engineering Vocational School Gadjah Mada University Sleman Yogyakarya 55281 Indonesia Study Program of Environmental Science Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Universitas Sebelas Maret Central Java Surakarta 57126 Indonesia

The critical minerals industries in Indonesia may pose possible environmental and human health risks due to the release of pollutants into soil, water, and air, as well as the use of materials and energy. This study investigates the possible environmental and human health impacts of Indonesia's nickel, gold, copper, tin, and bauxite mining and processing industries. This study utilizes the latest version of the OpenLCA software, version 2.0, in combination with the Ecoinvent 3.8 database. To evaluate potential environmental consequences and health effects on humans, CML-IA Baseline and environmental Priority Strategies (EPS) are employed in product development. The EPS system was developed utilizing a hierarchical methodology with the objective of furnishing the product developer with data regarding the financial impact of human health impairment resulting from a particular product development. The production of one tonne of gold, nickel, bauxite, tin, and copper results in the emission of 7.34.E+07, 4.61.E+04, 3.10.E+04, 1.02.E+04, 8.01.E+03 kg CO₂ eq/t, respectively, contributing to global warming. This production is associated with asthma cases of 7.79.E+01 (gold industry), 2.21.E−03 (copper industry), 1.81.E−03 (tin industry), 9.21.E−04 (nickel industry), and 4.71.E−06 (bauxite industry) Personyears/t. Electricity consumption and the release of carbon dioxide are the main factors contributing to global warming. The primary cause of asthma cases is the utilization of fuel oil and electricity. Power plant chimneys can employ various technologies, such as cyclones, bag filters, and scrubbers, to mitigate the release of polluting gas emissions. The critical mineral industry must prioritize handling and governing of steam power facilities to minimize their negative effects on the environment and human health. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Critical minerals industries environmental impacts Human health impacts Life cycle assessment

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Improving debris flow evacuation alerts in Taiwan using machine learning

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Tsai, Yi-Lin Irvin, Jeremy Chundi, Suhas Ng, Andrew Y. Field, Christopher B. Kitanidis, Peter K. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Stanford University StanfordCA United States Department of Computer Science Stanford University StanfordCA United States Woods Institute for the Environment Stanford University StanfordCA United States Interdisciplinary Environmental Studies Program Stanford University StanfordCA United States Department of Earth System Science Stanford University StanfordCA United States Institute for Computational and Mathematical Engineering Stanford University StanfordCA United States

Taiwan has the highest susceptibility to and fatalities from debris flows worldwide. The existing debris flow warning system in Taiwan, which uses a time-weighted measure of rainfall, leads to alerts when the measure exceeds a predefined threshold. However, this system generates many false alarms and misses a substantial fraction of the actual debris flows. Towards improving this system, we implemented five machine learning models that input historical rainfall data and predict whether a debris flow will occur within a selected time. We found that a random forest model performed the best among the five models and outperformed the existing system in Taiwan. Furthermore, we identified the rainfall trajectories strongly related to debris flow occurrences and explored trade-offs between the risks of missing debris flows versus frequent false alerts. These results suggest the potential for machine learning models trained on hourly rainfall data alone to save lives while reducing false alerts. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Rain

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The Optimization of Power Generation Mix to Achieve Net Zero Emission Pathway in Indonesia without Specific Time Target

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International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management 2024年 41卷 5-19页

作者： Fitriana, Ira Hadiyanto Warsito, Budi Hilmawan, Edi Santosa, Joko Doctoral Program of Environmental Sciences School of Postgraduate Studies Diponegoro University ImamBardjo Street Semarang Pleburan50241 Indonesia Puspiptek Street Serpong Banten South Tangerang City Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Diponegoro University Prof. Sudarto SH. Street Semarang Tembalang50275 Indonesia Department of Statistics Diponegoro University Prof. Sudarto SH. Street Semarang Tembalang50275 Indonesia Directorate for Technology Transfer and Audit System Deputy for Utilization of Research and Innovation BRINBuilding MH. Thamrin Street Jakarta10340 Indonesia

Indonesia is committed to achieving Net Zero Emission (NZE) conditions by the year 2060, with policy adjustments and constraints being necessary to realize this goal. The aim of this study is to achieve NZE conditions using a least-cost optimization method for various power plants that rely on fossil and non-renewable energy sources, without specifying a target year. Two scenarios, Business as Usual (BAU) and NZE, were developed for comparison in the optimization analysis. Through the utilization of LEAP and NEMO software, the optimization results suggest that optimal NZE conditions in Indonesia could be attained by 2075, with solar-based electricity generation playing a crucial role in meeting basic electricity demands. The NZE scenario predicts a 28% rise in electricity demand by 2100 compared to the BAU scenario. In 2075, PV will contribute 32.8% (224.3 GW) to total power supply, while BESS will provide 198.8 GW according to the NZE scenario. This study aims to assist the Indonesian government and stakeholders in reaching the NZE goal, while maintaining current efforts to avoid new efficiency and financial challenges. Achieving this goal will involve using a cost-effective optimization approach and implementing energy-efficient technologies and conservation programs. © 2024, Aalborg University Press. All rights reserved.

关键词： Renewable energy

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Cost-Effective Groundwater Potential Mapping by Integrating Multiple Remote Sensing Data and the Index–Overlay Method

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Remote Sensing 2024年第3期16卷

作者： Nainggolan, Lamtupa Ni, Chuen-Fa Darmawan, Yahya Lo, Wei-Cheng Lee, I-Hsian Lin, Chi-Ping Hiep, Nguyen Hoang Earth System Science Program Academia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Applied Geology National Central University Taoyuan City32001 Taiwan Education and Culture Board of Medan City Government North Sumatra 20233 Indonesia Center for Environmental Studies National Central University Taoyuan City32001 Taiwan Indonesian College of Meteorology Climatology and Geophysics STMKG Banten 15221 Indonesia Department of Hydraulic and Ocean Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan City 701 Taiwan

The Choushui River groundwater basin (CRGB) in Yunlin County, Taiwan, is a significant groundwater source for the western part of the region. However, increasing groundwater demand and human activities have triggered a potential crisis due to overexploitation. Therefore, groundwater potential zone (GWPZ) maps are crucial for mapping groundwater resources and water resource management. This study employs the normalized index–overlay method and fuzzy extended analytical hierarchy process (FE-AHP) to map GWPZs cost-effectively. The methodology objectively incorporates weightings from various thematic layers by normalizing and correlating parameters with observed groundwater availability (GA). Site-specific observations, including aquifer thickness, depth to the groundwater level, and porosity, inform GA calculations. Seven comprehensive layers derived from remote sensing (RS) data are processed to obtain weightings and ratings for the groundwater potential index (GWPI) in the CRGB. Selected parameters are categorized into hydrological processes, human interventions, geological, and surface profiles. Hydrological processes include precipitation, modified normalized difference water index (MNDWI), and drainage density. Human interventions consist of the enhanced vegetation index (EVI) and normalized difference building index (NDBI). Surface profiles encompass the terrain ruggedness index (TRI) and slope, enhancing the study’s multi-criteria approach. The observed GA validates the GWPZ accuracy, classifying zones into five categories. According to the GWPI of FE-AHP, about 59.56% of the CRGB area can be categorized as "moderate" to "very good" potential groundwater recharge zones. Pearson’s correlation coefficient between GWPI and GA, based on FE-AHP, outperforms the conventional AHP. This RS-based approach efficiently evaluates GA in aquifers with limited wells, highlighting crucial zones in CRGB’s proximal-fan and southeastern mid-fan for informed groundwater management

关键词： Aquifers

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Association of paternal cadmium and other heavy metal exposure to birth outcomes using propensity score matching.

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Chemosphere 2023年第Pt 1期311卷 136792页

作者： Lee, Yu Min Kim, Yangho Park, Hyesook Hong, Yun-Chul Ha, Mina Kim, Young Ju Ha, Eun Hee Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Severance Hospital Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Ulsan University Hospital University of Ulsan College of Medicine Ulsan Korea Republic of Department of Preventive Medicine College of Medicine Ewha Medical Research Center Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea Republic of Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering Ewha Womans University Korea Republic of Department of Preventive Medicine Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Preventive Medicine College of Medicine Dankook University Cheonan Korea Republic of Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology College of Medicine Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Environmental Medicine College of Medicine Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea Republic of

Background: Human exposure to cadmium has various effects on health, especially on male reproductive organs. Although it is widely known that prenatal maternal cadmium exposure can affect birth outcomes, the effect of paternal exposure to cadmium remains unclear. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of paternal cadmium exposure on fetal growth by considering maternal cadmium exposure and exposure to other heavy metals, namely mercury and lead. Methods: The Mothers and Children's environmental Health (MOCEH) study is a prospective birth cohort study in Korea. Overall, 1313 families (father-mother-child triple) without child abnormalities and who completed paternal whole blood cadmium assessments were included in this study. Families were divided into two subgroups based on the blood sampling periods, namely early and late pregnancy. Subjects were selected as follows: one family triple with a high level of paternal cadmium and two triples with low levels of paternal cadmium, using the method of propensity score matching. And linear regression analyses were performed. Results: The group with high paternal cadmium exposure (80% or more;1.93 μg/L) had lower birth weight infants compared to the group with low cadmium concentrations (β(se) = −0.21(0.10);p-value = 0.0283). After stratification by infant sex, prenatal paternal cadmium exposure significantly reduced the birth weight of females in subgroups of different sampling times, namely early pregnancy (β(se) = −0.52 (0.22);p-value = 0.0170) and late pregnancy (β(se) = −0.43 (0.18);p-value = 0.0160). Finally, after performing propensity score matching in the early pregnancy measurement group, it was found that the prenatal exposure of father to cadmium significantly reduced birth weight in females (β(se) = −0.72(0.25);p-value = 0.0047). Conclusion: This study assessed the effect of paternal cadmium exposure on birth outcomes in family units consisting of a father, mother, and child. Prenatal paternal cadmi

关键词： Cadmium

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