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6th International Conference on environmental Informatics, ISEIS 2007

作者： Qin, X.S. Huang, G.H. Xiao, H.N. Li, Y.P. Environmental Systems Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering University of Regina ReginaSKS4S 0A2 Canada Department of Chemical Engineering University of New Brunswick 15 Dineen Drive FrederictonNBE3B 5A3 Canada

This paper developed an inexact fuzzy nonlinear programming (IFNP) model for supporting decisions of water quality management under uncertainty. Methods of interval and fuzzy programming were integrated within a general frame to address uncertainties in the left- and right-hand sides of the nonlinear constraints. Uncertainties in water quality, pollutant loading, and system objective were reflected through the developed IFNP model. A case study for water quality management planning in the Changsha section of the Xiangjiang River was then conducted for demonstrating applicability of the developed IFNP model, It was also indicated that the proposed method was effective in dealing with IFNP problems;uncertainties can be communicated into optimization process and generate reliable solutions for decision variables and objectives;the decision alternatives can be obtained by adjusting different combinations of the decision variables within their solution intervals.

关键词： Water quality

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environmental risk assessment for groundwater contamination through integrated fuzzy techniques 6

Environmental risk assessment for groundwater contamination ...

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6th International Conference on environmental Informatics, ISEIS 2007

作者： Huang, G.H. Qin, X.S. Xiao, H.N. Li, Y.P. Environmental Systems Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering University of Regina S4S 0A2 ReginaSK Canada Department of Chemical Engineering University of New Brunswick 15 Dineen Drive FrederictonNBE3B 5A3 Canada

This study developed a new risk assessment approach based on fuzzy modelling and fuzzy relation analysis for analyzing environmental risks associated with groundwater contamination due to leaking underground storage tanks. Results from a case study that located in western Canada indicated that reasonable solutions under different system conditions could be generated through the proposed methodology. The fuzzy modelling can be used to examine the impacts of system uncertainties on model outputs. These impacts became more significant under a lower degree of system plausibility, leading to higher variations in risk assessment. Conversely, a higher degree of plausibility will result in more deterministic result. The subsequent risk assessment based on fuzzy modelling is useful for comprehensively evaluating risks within a system containing many uncertain factors with complicated interrelationships. This allows engineers to have a systematic and consistent approach for assessing uncertainty impacts and environmental risks as well as generate desirable site remediation actions.

关键词： Risk assessment

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Municipal solid waste management under uncertainty: An interval-fuzzy two-stage stochastic programming approach 6

Municipal solid waste management under uncertainty: An inter...

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6th International Conference on environmental Informatics, ISEIS 2007

作者： Li, Y.P. Huang, G.H. Xiao, H.N. Qin, X.S. Environmental Systems Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering University of Regina ReginaSKS4S 0A2 Canada Department of Chemical Engineering University of New Brunswick 15 Dineen Drive FrederictonNBE3B 5A3 Canada

In this study, an interval-fuzzy two-stage stochastic linear programming (IFTP) method is developed for planning waste-management systems under uncertainty. In the IFTP, approaches of two-stage stochastic programming, interval-parameter programming, and fuzzy linear programming are integrated into a general optimization framework to effectively tackle uncertainties described in terms of probability density functions, fuzzy membership functions and discrete intervals. The IFTP method can incorporate pre-regulated waste management policies directly into its optimization process, and be used for analyzing various policy scenarios that are associated with different levels of economic penalties when the promised policy targets are violated. It can also help quantify the satisfaction degrees of the system objective and constraints under uncertainty, as defined by λ±opt in the obtained solutions. The IFTP model can be transformed into two deterministic submodels based on an interactive algorithm. Interval solutions, which are stable in the given decision space with varying levels of system-failure risk, can then be obtained by solving the two submodels sequentially. Then, the developed method is applied to a case study of waste allocation within a municipal solid waste management system. The results indicate that reasonable solutions have been generated. They can be used to generate decision alternatives and help MSW managers to identify desired policies under various environmental, economic, and system-reliability conditions.

关键词： Decision making

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Making Moves Move: Fast Emissions Estimates for Repeated Transportation Policy Scenario Analyses

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Fraser, Timothy Guo, Yan Gao, H. Oliver College of Social Sciences and Humanities Systems Engineering Program Cornell University United States School of Civil and Environmental Engineering

Efforts to reduce US emissions from transportation rely greatly on the environmental Protection Agency’s MOVES software to estimate pollutant emissions, a high-precision, computationally intensive tool with many required inputs. To compare numerous scenarios at scale, decision-makers need a faster, user-friendly, and credible emissions estimator. This study introduces MOVESLite, a framework for making fast, highly accurate predictions (with respect to MOVES) of emissions tailored to a user's county, with a limited, more user-friendly number of inputs. MOVESLite uses county- and pollutant-specific models trained on previous MOVES estimates to estimate transportation emissions immediately. While MOVES may take minutes-to-hours to estimate one county-year’s emissions, MOVESLite takes approximately 1 millisecond, with acceptable accuracy. We validate MOVESLite, comparing thousands of possible models’ accuracy for random samples of US counties, and we implement a case study of public transportation planning in Tompkins County, NY. MOVESLite aims to help decision-makers compare and select effective climate action policies. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： environmental Protection Agency

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An inexact two-stage quadratic program for water resources planning 6

An inexact two-stage quadratic program for water resources p...

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6th International Conference on environmental Informatics, ISEIS 2007

作者： Huang, G.H. Li, Y.P. Xiao, H.N. Qin, X.S. Environmental Systems Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering University of Regina ReginaSKS4S 0A2 Canada Department of Chemical Engineering University of New Brunswick 15 Dineen Drive FrederictonNBE3B 5A3 Canada

An inexact two-stage stochastic quadratic programming (ITQP) model is developed for water resources management under uncertainty. The model is a hybrid of inexact quadratic programming and two-stage stochastic programming. It can deal with the uncertainties presented as both probabilities and intervals. Moreover, it can deal with nonlinearities in objective function to reflect the effects of marginal utility on the benefit and cost components. Using quadratic form in the objective function rather than linear one, the ITQP can minimize the unfair competition of water resources among multiple users under uncertain water conditions. In the modeling formulation, penalties are imposed when policies expressed as the promised water supply targets are violated. In its solution process, the ITQP model is transformed into two deterministic submodels based on an interactive algorithm and a derivative algorithm, which correspond to the lower and upper bounds of the desired objective. Interval solutions, which are feasible and stable in the given decision space, can then be obtained by solving the two submodels sequentially. The developed method is then applied to a case study of water resources management planning. The results indicate that reasonable solutions have been obtained. They can help provide bases for identifying desired water-allocation plans with maximized system benefit and minimized system-failure risk.

关键词： Decision making

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Analysis of reverse bullwhip effect in pricing for a multi-stage supply chain with competing suppliers

Analysis of reverse bullwhip effect in pricing for a multi-s...

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IIE Annual Conference and Expo 2015

作者： Adnan, Ziaul Haq Ozelkan, Ertunga System Engineering and Engineering Management Infrastructure and Environmental Systems Program University of North Carolina at Charlotte 9201 University City Blvd. CharlotteNC28223 United States System Engineering and Engineering Management University of North Carolina at Charlotte 9201 University City Blvd. CharlotteNC28223 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780983762447

Reverse bullwhip effect in pricing (RBP) refers to the amplified variability of retail prices compared to wholesale prices. RBP effect propagates from upstream towards downstream in a supply chain. The conditions for RBP depend upon the price sensitive demand functions that eventually govern the optimized retail prices. In this study, a game-theoretic framework is used to model a supply chain that consist of multiple suppliers, a wholesaler and a retailer. Multiple suppliers compete with each other following a simultaneous auction game. There are also sequential games among each supplier and the wholesaler and the retailer. Optimization along with simulation analysis has been applied to illustrate the presence of RBP effect for linear demand functions.

关键词： Costs

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Measuring community sustainability: Exploring the intersection of the built environment & social capital with a participatory case study

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Journal of environmental Studies and Sciences 2012年第2期2卷 143-153页

作者： Rogers, Shannon Aytur, Semra Gardner, Kevin Carlson, Cynthia Natural Resources and Earth Systems Science Program and Environmental Research Group University of New Hampshire Durham NH 03824 United States Health Management and Policy Department University of New Hampshire Durham NH 03824 United States Civil Engineering Department and Environmental Research Group University of New Hampshire Durham NH 03824 United States

Municipalities all over the globe seek to evaluate the sustainability of their communities and this process requires an interdisciplinary perspective. Walkability and social capital are important measures of sustainable communities that are not necessarily considered together in measurement schemes. Through a community-based case study, the following article examines the relationship between select measures of social capital and self-perceived walkability. Descriptive statistics demonstrated that higher levels of social capital existed in more walkable communities. More sophisticated analysis further supported this association. A community index was created from responses to questions about participating in civic engagement activities such as donating blood, attending a committee meeting or public hearing, interacting with individuals in various neighborhoods, and contributing to a community project. A trust index was also created with answers to survey questions about general trust and trust of neighbors and other members of communities. Multilevel models demonstrated that higher levels of walkability were associated with higher levels of participation in community activities, even after controlling for socio-demographic factors. Similar patterns were found for the trust index where higher levels of walkability were positively associated with positive responses to a variety of trust questions. Implications for sustainable communities policy and management are suggested. © 2012 AESS.

关键词： Multilevel modeling Social capital Sustainable communities Walkability

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Sex-specific effects of prenatal exposure to phthalates and bisphenol A on adverse birth outcomes: Results from The Korean CHildren's environmental health Study (Ko-CHENS)

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Environment international 2025年 199卷 109518页

作者： Jongmin Oh Surabhi Shah Kyung A Lee Eunkyo Park Dong-Wook Lee Yun-Chul Hong Sanghwan Song Sung Yeon Kim Huibyeol Park Hwan-Cheol Kim Kyoung Sook Jeong Eunhee Ha Department of Environmental Medicine College of Medicine Ewha Womans University Seoul Republic of Korea Institute of Ewha-SCL for Environmental Health (IESEH) College of Medicine Ewha Womans University Seoul Republic of Korea Department of Human Systems Medicine College of Medicine Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea. Department of Environmental Medicine College of Medicine Ewha Womans University Seoul Republic of Korea. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology College of Medicine Ewha Womans University Seoul Republic of Korea. Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Inha University Hospital Inha University Incheon Republic of Korea. Department of Human Systems Medicine College of Medicine Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea Institute of Environmental Medicine Medical Research Center Seoul National University Republic of Korea. Environmental Health Research Division National Institute of Environmental Research Incheon Republic of Korea. Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine College of Medicine Wonju Severance Christian Hospital Yonsei University Wonju Republic of Korea. Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering Ewha Womans University Ewha Medical Research Institute College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea. Electronic address: eunheeha@ewha.ac.kr.

OBJECTIVES:Although previous epidemiological studies have reported the effects of fetal exposure to phthalates and phenols on birth outcomes, evidence is still limited. The objective of this study was to investigate whether prenatal exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals [EDCs; phthalates and bisphenol A (BPA)] is associated with birth outcomes and whether there are sex-specific effects. METHODS:We used data from the Korean CHildren's environmental health Study (Ko-CHENS) cohort. Exposure to phthalates and BPA was measured by urine tests, and the information on outcomes and confounders was obtained from delivery records, biomarker assessment, and a self-reported questionnaire. We performed multivariate logistic regression to estimate the association between exposure to individual phthalates and bisphenol A and birth outcomes. Additionally, to evaluate the effects of EDC mixture exposure, we performed weighted quantile sum regression analysis. Subgroup analysis stratified by maternal age and sex at birth was performed to examine potential differences in associations. RESULTS:This study included 2,176 mother-child pairs from the Ko-CHENS. We observed a significant association between the risk of PTB and exposure to BPA during early pregnancy and mono-carboxyoctyl phthalate (MCOP) during late pregnancy, with odds ratios of 1.23 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.49) and 1.29 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.62), respectively. Additionally, there was a significant association between exposure to MCOP during early pregnancy and the risk of LBW (OR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.89). For male infants in particular, exposure to MCOP during early pregnancy was associated with the risk of LBW (OR: 2.44, 95% CI: 1.43, 4.15), and exposure to MCOP during late pregnancy was associated with the risk of PTB (OR 1.45, 95% CI: 1.05, 2.02). CONCLUSIONS:This study suggests a potential association between exposure to BPA during early pregnancy and PTB, while exposure to MCOP during late pregnancy was associated with increa

关键词： Birth outcome Endocrine-disrupting chemicals National birth cohort Pregnancy outcome

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Mechanistic modeling of copper corrosions in data center environments

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Building Simulation 2024年第3期17卷 483-492页

作者： Rui Zhang Jianshun Zhang Roger Schmidt Jeremy L.Gilbert Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering College of Engineering and Computer ScienceSyracuse UniversitySyracuseNY13244USA Buildings and Transportation Science Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN37830USA SyracuseCoE-New York Center of Excellence in Environmental and Energy Systems Syracuse University727 E.Washington StreetSyracuseNY13244USA Department of Bioengineering Clemson UniversityClemson-Medical University of South Carolina Bioengineering ProgramCharlestonSC29425USA

Air-side economizers are increasingly used to take advantage of“free-cooling”in data centers with the intent of reducing the carbon footprint of ***,they can introduce outdoor pollutants to indoor environment of data centers and cause corrosion damage to the information technology *** evaluate the reliability of information technology equipment under various thermal and air-pollution conditions,a mechanistic model based on multi-ion transport and chemical reactions was *** model was used to predict Cu corrosion caused by Cl_(2)-containing pollutant *** also accounted for the effects of temperature(25℃and 28℃),relative humidity(50%,75%,and 95%),and *** also identified higher air temperature as a corrosion barrier and higher relative humidity as a corrosion accelerator,which agreed well with the experimental *** average root mean square error of the prediction was 13.7Å.The model can be used to evaluate the thermal guideline for data centers design and operation when Cl_(2)is present based on pre-established acceptable risk of corrosion in data centers’environment.

关键词： chloride pollutant mixture copper corrosion model data center temperature relative humidity synergistic effect

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HYDROCARBON VAPOR DIFFUSION IN INTACT CORE SLEEVES

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GROUND WATER MONITORING AND REMEDIATION 1993年第1期13卷 139-150页

作者： OSTENDORF, DW MOYER, EE XIE, YF RAJAN, RV 1 David W. Ostendorf (Civil Engineering Department University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003) is an associate professor in the Environmental Engineering Program of the Civil Engineering Department of the University of Massachusetts at Amherst. His research interests include unconfined aquifer contamination hazardous waste site remediation and analytical modeling of problems in environmental fluid mechanics. Ostendorf is a Registered Professional Engineer in Massachusetts and a member of the American Geophysical Union American Society of Civil Engineers Soil Science Society of America Water Pollution Control Federation and Association of Environmental Engineering Professors as well as the National Ground Water Association.2 Ellen E. Moyer (Civil Engineering Department University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003) is a doctoral candidate in the Environmental Engineering Program of the Civil Engineering Department of the University of Massachusetts at Amherst with an M.S. degree in environmental engineering from that institution. Her research interests include subsurface investigation soil venting bioremediation and analytical modeling of subsurface contamination. She has six years of professional experience managing hazardous waste site investigation and cleanup projects and is a member of the National Ground Water Association and the American Society of Civil Engineers.3 Yuefeng Xie (Civil Engineering Department University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003) is a postdoctoral research associate in the Environmental Engineering Program of the Civil Engineering Department of the University of Massachusetts at Amherst. His research interests include environmental analyses drinking water treatment and the chemical characterization and removal of disinfection by-products. A graduate with a Ph.D. and an M.S. in environmental engineering and a B.S. in chemistry and chemical engineeering from Tsinghua University Beijing China Xie is a member of the American Water Works Association and the Water

The diffusion of 2,2,4-trimethylpentane (TMP) and 2,2,5-trimethylhexane (TMH) vapors out of residually contaminated sandy soil from the U.S. environmental Protection Agency (EPA) field research site at Traverse City, Michigan, was measured and modeled. The headspace of an intact core sleeve sample was swept with nitrogen gas to simulate the diffusive release of hydrocarbon vapors from residual aviation gasoline in and immediately above the capillary fringe to a soil-venting air flow in the unsaturated zone. The resulting steady-state profile was modeled using existing diffusivity and air porosity estimates in a balance of diffusive flux and a first order source term. The source strength, which was calibrated with the observed flux of 2,2,4-TMP leaving the sleeve, varied with the residual gasoline remaining in the core, but was independent of the headspace sweep flow rate. This finding suggested that lower soil-venting air flow rates were in principle as effective as higher air flow rates in venting LNAPL vapors from contaminated soils. The saturated vapor concentration ratio of 2,2,4-TMP to 2,2,5-TMH decreased from 6.6 to 3.5 over the duration of the experiments in an expression of distillation effects. The vertical profile model was tested against sample port data in four separate experiments for both species, yielding mean errors ranging from 0 to -24 percent in magnitude.

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