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Nature Reviews Electrical engineering 2025年 58-70页

作者： Abdullah Bukhamsin Khaled Nabil Salama Jürgen Kosel Ikram Blilou Bioengineering Program Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia Center of Excellence — Sustainable Food Security (SFS) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia Electrical and Computer Engineering Program Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering (CEMSE) Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia Sensor Systems Division Silicon Austria Labs Villach Austria Plant Science Program Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia

Precision farming is an optimized management farming scheme that seeks to link the real-time needs of crops with the nutrients to be administered. Sensing platforms that can monitor the physiological status of crops in situ are key to enabling timely and localized interventions. However, the underdevelopment of plant sensing strategies limits the potential of precision farming. In this Review, we discuss the challenges and advancements in phyto-monitoring, focusing on strategies that are applicable to a wide range of plant species and suitable for field deployment. We explore species-agnostic sensors, including optical and electrochemical sensors, whose operation is based on principles that are widely applicable to all plant species. These platforms enable real-time monitoring of the physiological state of crops by assessing key biomarkers, such as plant hormones, and metabolites such as salicylic acid and reactive oxygen species. Evaluating these systems, we conclude that an integrative sensing approach is necessary to compensate for the limitations of the individual methods and can provide a holistic view of crop health. Cost-effective species-agnostic sensors are thus needed to provide information that can be used to minimize the resource footprint of farming and meet the growing global demand.

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Dramatic effect of extreme rainfall event and storm on microbial community dynamics in a subtropical coastal region

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Science of the Total Environment 2025年 964卷 178560页

作者： Olivia, Madeline Annabel, Clara Natalie Chen, Patrichka Wei-Yi Hsieh, Chih-hao Chang, Feng-Hsun Ho, Pei-Chi Chien, Chia-Te Chao, Chien-Fu Mukhanov, Vladimir Tsai, An-Yi Institute of Marine Environment and Ecology National Taiwan Ocean University Keelung202-24 Taiwan Doctoral Degree Program in Ocean Resource and Environmental Changes National Taiwan Ocean University Keelung202-24 Taiwan Center of Excellence for the Oceans National Taiwan Ocean University Keelung202-24 Taiwan Institute of Oceanography National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas Russian Academy of Sciences Sevastopol299011 Russia Laboratory of Marine Ecosystems Institute for Advanced Research Sevastopol State University Sevastopol299053 Russia

Extreme weather events, such as heavy rainfall and typhoons, are becoming more frequent due to climate change and can significantly impact coastal microbial communities. This study examines the short-term alterations in microbial food webs—viruses, bacteria, picophytoplankton, nanoflagellates, ciliates, and diatom—following Typhoon Krathon in Taiwan's coastal waters in October 2024. Daily in situ sampling revealed a significant post-typhoon increased in viral, nanoflagellate, and Synechococcus spp. abundance. Furthermore, viral, Synechococcus spp., and nanoflagellate abundance increased by approximately 4.2 to 12.8-fold, 33.3 to 160 fold, and 0.5 to 9.4 fold in response to these weather events, compared to periods pre-typhoon, respectively. Modified dilution experiments showed that, before the typhoon, nanoflagellate grazing was the major cause of bacterial mortality, while viral lysis was the main cause of Synechococcus spp. mortality. Post-typhoon, there was a notable shift, with nanoflagellate grazing increasing mortality rates of bacteria and Synechococcus spp., suggesting that grazing became the dominant top-down control mechanism after the disturbance. Our findings suggest that extreme weather events shift microbial mortality dynamics, increasing the role of grazing in controlling microbial populations, with potential implications for carbon cycling in coastal ecosystems. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Tropical cyclone

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Using trees to mitigate pollution

Using trees to mitigate pollution

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Proceedings of the A and WMA's 97th Annual Conference and Exhibition;Sustainable Development: Gearing Up for the Challenge

作者： Heckel, Pamela F. Cincinnati Earth Systems Science Program Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH 45221-0071

Several international agreements developed during the past decade have emphasized the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions to delay or reverse the current global warming cycle. Carbon dioxide, as an abundant, global greenhouse gas, has been pegged as the chief villain in global warming. Much of the carbon sequestration research has focused on the largest plants, trees. The goal of this work is to reinforce the idea that planting trees in urban areas and along rural roads can make a measurable difference in air quality.

关键词： Pollution control

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Stakeholder-assisted modelling and policy design process for environmental decision-making

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Journal of environmental Assessment Policy and Management 2005年第3期7卷 355-386页

作者： Mostashari, Ali Sussman, Joseph Technology Management and Policy Program Engineering Systems Division Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02142 United States Department of Engineering Systems and Civil and Environmental Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02142 United States

environmental planning and policy analysis, design and implementation are complicated by the fact that environmental problems are almost always part of a complex sociotechnical system, the behaviour of which is not intuitive. The complexity of the problem necessitates a technical and scientific analysis process, which by its nature excludes the majority of the stakeholders in the given problem. To overcome these challenges, this research proposes the engagement of stakeholders from very early on in the process using computer-assisted visualisation and representation of complex sociotechnical systems. Specifically it proposed the use of system dynamics simulation in illustrating the complex interactions of the different sociotechnical system elements. Using computer simulation of the system, stakeholders can then decide on the best strategies to address the issue on a more objective basis. Ubiquitous computing enables the assessment of a vast number of strategies in a relatively short time. © Imperial College Press.

关键词： Collaborative processes Complex large-scale integrated open systems Computer-aided decision-making Group model-building Joint fact finding Science-intensive decision-making Stakeholder participation

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Is there a sustainable future for nuclear power?

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IEEE Power and Energy Magazine 2006年第4期4卷 63-74页

作者： MacGill, Iain Healy, Stephen Outhred, Hugh School of History and Philosophy of Science Faculty of Arts and Social Science Environmental Studies Program CEEM Energy Systems Research Group School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications Institution of Engineers Australia IEEE

Nuclear power has a troubled past and the future remains uncertain. There are significant uncertainties regarding crucial elements of future large-scale expansion of the use of civilian nuclear power, including nuclear power proliferation, safety, and waste management. Wider uncertainties include nuclear power's potential to help in averting the growing risks of dangerous climate change. The nuclear bomb dropped on Hiroshima in 1945 heralded the arrival of nuclear power. No other energy technology has made such as an impact on the human mind as an astounding source of military power and foreign policy strength. This technology currently supplies 22% of electricity in the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and 6% in developing countries. The solution to have a positive future for nuclear power technology is to frame decision making in order to best manage the challenges nuclear power presents.

关键词： Nuclear energy

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Numerical simulation for biosurfactant-enhanced bioremediation process under cold climate and low soil-permeability conditions: A pilot-scale case study

Numerical simulation for biosurfactant-enhanced bioremediati...

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14th Conference on Cold Regions engineering 2009: Cold Regions Impacts on Research, Design, and Construction

作者： Yu, Hui Huang, Guohe Qin, Xiaosheng Environmental Systems Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering University of Regina Regina SK S4S 0A2 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9780784410721

In-situ bioremediation is one of the effective technologies for cleaning up petroleum-contaminated sites. To improve efficiencies of conventional bioremediation processes, biosurfactant treatment has received much attention due to the surface-activity, biodegradability and low toxicity of biosurfactants. In this study, an integrated mathematical modeling system was developed for simulating the biosurfactant-enhanced bioremediation (BEB) processes under typical Canadian site condition. The model included modules of multiphase multicomponent flow and transport, biological degradation, and biosurfactant-enhanced remediation. A pilot-scale physical modeling system, with Rhamnolipid being used as biosurfactant, is designed to simulate the BEB process. The study results demonstrated that the developed mathematical model is effective in examining the coupled effects of biodégradation and biosurfactant-enhancement within a multiphase multicomponent transport framework, and can be used for supporting management of petroleum-contaminated sites under cold climate conditions. Copyright ASCE 2009.

关键词： Bioremediation

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An interval-fuzzy two-stage stochastic linear programming method for municipal solid waste management under uncertainty 5

An interval-fuzzy two-stage stochastic linear programming me...

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5th International Conference on environmental Informatics, ISEIS 2006

作者： Li, Y.P. Huang, G.H. Environmental Systems Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering University of Regina Regina SaskS4S 0A2 Canada

In this study, an interval-fuzzy two-stage stochastic linear programming (IFTSLP) method is developed for planning waste-management systems under uncertainty. In the IFTSLP, approaches of two-stage stochastic programming, interval-parameter programming, and fuzzy linear programming are integrated into a general optimization framework to effectively tackle uncertainties described in terms of probability density functions, fuzzy membership functions and discrete intervals. The IFTSLP method can incorporate pre-regulated waste management policies directly into its optimization process, and be used for analyzing various policy scenarios that are associated with different levels of economic penalties when the promised policy targets are violated. It can also help quantify the satisfaction degrees of the system objective and constraints under uncertainty, as defined by optë± in the obtained solutions. The IFTSLP model can be transformed into two deterministic submodels based on an interactive algorithm. Interval solutions, which are stable in the given decision space with varying levels of system-failure risk, can then be obtained by solving the two submodels sequentially. Then, the developed method is applied to a case study of waste allocation within a municipal solid waste management system. The results indicate that reasonable solutions have been generated. They can be used to generate decision alternatives and help MSW managers to identify desired policies under various environmental, economic, and system-reliability conditions.

关键词： Decision making

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New approach to transportation planning for the 21st century: Regional strategic transportation planning as a complex large-scale integrated open system

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Transportation Research Record 2005年第1931期1931卷 89-98页

作者： Sussman, Joseph M. Sgouridis, Sgouris P. Ward, John L. Civil and Environmental Engineering Engineering Systems Division 1-163 Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02139 United States Technology Management and Policy Program Engineering Systems Division 1-151 Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02139 United States

The complex large-scale integrated open systems (CLIOS) process is an overarching mechanism for considering systems, especially those exhibiting nested complexity, in which both the physical and the institutional aspects are complex. A special case of the CLIOS process is regional strategic transportation planning. New technologies, such as intelligent transportation systems, allow consideration of the planning, management, operations, and maintenance of transportation systems at the regional scale. Although the technological issues in advancing to this scale have proved tractable, the institutional issues concerned with deploying these systems across political jurisdictions with different measures of performance and different cultural perspectives has proved quite difficult. This paper explores processes for studying these institutional questions and integrating a number of concepts into the process: technological change, sustainability, real options, supply chain management, the various transport modes, and social, political, and economic factors. The paper serves as a case study of tailoring the CLIOS process into a process specifically designed to systematically address particular issues, in this case, regional strategic transportation planning.

关键词： Strategic planning

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Assessing and Tracking Progress Towards Circular Economy for Decision-Making 115

Assessing and Tracking Progress Towards Circular Economy for...

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115th Air and Waste Management Association Annual Conference and Exhibition, ACE 2022

作者： Tarroja, Brian Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering Energy Systems Integration Advanced Power and Energy Program University of California Irvine United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781713866602

• We need to develop a framework for tracking progress towards alignment with a circular economy for the life cycles of solar PV and lithium-ion batteries - as well as other products. • This framework needs to be explicitly grounded in circular economy strategies, but also produce information that is relevant for decision makers involved in battery or solar PV life cycles. • To achieve this, challenges regarding data and assessment needs, as well as barriers for translation to decision-relevant information, need to be overcome. © Advanced Power and Energy program 2022.

关键词： Life cycle

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Water resources management: Optimizing within a watershed context

Water resources management: Optimizing within a watershed co...

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作者： Zoltay, Viktoria I. Kirshen, Paul H. Vogel, Richard M. Tufts University Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Water: Systems Science and Society Program Medford MA 02155 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780784409275

Complex interactions among components of a watershed system necessitate the evaluation of management options within a watershed framework in order to realize the full impact of management decisions. A generic optimization model was developed to evaluate a broad range of technical, economic and policy management options within a watershed context. The model integrates natural and human elements of a watershed system. Since there are concurrent requirements for both water quantity and quality, both flow and concentrations are modeled. We expect that the model will suggest a different management strategy than the evaluation of simple cost-benefit analyses for each management option. This will not only demonstrate the relative efficacy of undervalued management options, but also document the merits of integrated water resources management. © 2007 ASCE.

关键词： Watersheds

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