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Joint Logistics Over The Shore operations in rough seas

NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第3期109卷 385-393页

作者： Vaughters, TG Mardiros, MF Theodore G. Vaughters:has more than thirty years of engineering and program management experience in the development and testing of material handing hardware systems to transfer cargo from ship-to-shore from ship-to-ship and within both Navy and commercial ships. From 1967 to 1977 he was a supervisory naval architect at Hunters Point Naval Shipyard and Mare Island Naval Shipyard. In 1977 he joined his present organization and became office head in 1987. He has received numberous awards including the Meritorious Civilian Service Award for the management of a program which development a Ro/Ro ship offshore unloading facility. His department is currently engaged in a number of RDT&E logistics program which include environmental ligistics Navy logistics modeling and simulation mobile offshore bases sea based logistics strategic sealift joint service ligistics over the shore systems underway replenishment and shipboard cargo handling systems. Martin F. Mardiros:has been working on JLOTS related systems for eight years as a engineer at the Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division. He has a B.S.E. degree in naval architecture from the University of Michigan He has participated in numberous JLOTS and JLOTS related exercises since 1988. Mr Mardiros has fielded a evaluation of full scale prototype sea state 3 JLOTS systems for evaluation and demonstration such as the Air Cushion Vehicle Landing Platform (ACVLAP) improved mooring and fendering systems for causeway ferries and motion mitigation sytems for the Roll-On/Roll-Off Discharge Facility. Mr. Mardiros recently headed up the JLOTS Sea State 3 Option Study which is being used by the Navy and Army to develop their JLOTS master plan.

Joint Logistics Over the Shore (JLOTS) operations involve the unloading of ships without the benefit of fixed port facilities. Container ships, roll-on/roll-off (Ro/Ro) ships, break bulk ships, heavy lift ships, and tankers are the most common merchant vessels utilized in JLOTS operations to transport military cargo. A major problem is that the current JLOTS system is inoperative in sea state 3 and greater conditions. When seas build above sea state 3 the motion and relative motion of lighters and ships create extremely dangerous conditions which preclude the movement of cargo. New technology is currently being developed by the Navy, Army and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) to improve JLOTS operations. Several new JLOTS subsystems were recently tested as part of an Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD) sponsored joint services test and evaluation program called JLOTS III (June 1993). JLOTS III showed that lighters, cargo transfer systems, and personnel do not have the capability or training to perform in sea state 3, as currently required by military doctrine. Subsequent to the JLOTS III testing, a number of R&D innovations have been examined and a Heavy Weather (Sea State 3) JLOTS Options Study has been completed. This options study has defined and characterized all the weak links related to heavy weather operations and has identified and/or developed concepts to improve the overall JLOTS operational efficiency. This paper discusses current JLOTS technology development initiatives from a joint services perspective with regard to the following question: Can emerging technology, in combination with improved training and command and control, provide a heavy weather JLOTS capability which is affordable?

关键词： Naval warfare

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Correction to: Investigating Energy Flow in Water-Energy Storage for Hydropower Generation in Water Distribution systems

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Water Resources Management 2020年第5期34卷 1623-1623页

作者： Pasha, M. Fayzul K. Weathers, Matthew Smith, Brennan Department of Civil and Geomatics Engineering California State University Fresno USA Water Power Program and Energy-Water Resource Systems Group Environmental Sciences Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge USA

The original version of this article unfortunately contains mistake introduced during the publishing process. The author name “M. Fayzul” should be deleted in the author group. The corrected author group is shown ab...

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Nanoinformatics workshop report: Current resources, community needs and the proposal of a collaborative framework for data sharing and information integration

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Computational Science and Discovery 2013年第1期6卷 14008页

作者： Harper, Stacey L. Hutchison, James E. Baker, Nathan Ostraat, Michele Tinkle, Sally Steevens, Jeffrey Hoover, Mark D. Adamick, Jessica Rajan, Krishna Gaheen, Sharon Cohen, Yoram Nel, Andre Cachau, Raul E. Tuominen, Mark Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Oregon State University Corvallis OR United States School of Chemical Biological and Environmental Engineering Oregon State University Corvallis OR United States Department of Chemistry University of Oregon Eugene OR United States Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA United States RTI International Research Triangle Park NC United States Science and Technology Policy Institute Washington DC United States US Army Engineer Research and Development Center Vicksburg MS United States National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Morgantown WV United States University Libraries University of Michigan Amherst MA United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Iowa State University Ames IA United States SAIC Frederick Frederick MD United States Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of California Los Angeles CA United States Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology University of California Los Angeles CA United States Advanced Biomedical Computer Center Information Systems Program Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research Frederick MD United States Physics Department University of Massachusetts Amherst MA United States

The quantity of information on nanomaterial properties and behavior continues to grow rapidly. Without a concerted effort to collect, organize and mine disparate information coming out of current research efforts, the value and effective use of this information will be limited at best. Data will not be translated to knowledge. At worst, erroneous conclusions will be drawn and future research may be misdirected. Nanoinformatics can be a powerful approach to enhance the value of global information in nanoscience and nanotechnology. Much progress has been made through grassroots efforts in nanoinformatics resulting in a multitude of resources and tools for nanoscience researchers. In 2012, the nanoinformatics community believed it was important to critically evaluate and refine currently available nanoinformatics approaches in order to best inform the science and support the future of predictive nanotechnology. The Greener Nano 2012: Nanoinformatics Tools and Resources Workshop brought together informatics groups with materials scientists active in nanoscience research to evaluate and reflect on the tools and resources that have recently emerged in support of predictive nanotechnology. The workshop goals were to establish a better understanding of current nanoinformatics approaches and to clearly define immediate and projected informatics infrastructure needs of the nanotechnology community. The theme of nanotechnology environmental health and safety (nanoEHS) was used to provide real-world, concrete examples on how informatics can be utilized to advance our knowledge and guide nanoscience. The benefit here is that the same properties that impact the performance of products could also be the properties that inform EHS. From a decision management standpoint, the dual use of such data should be considered a priority. Key outcomes include a proposed collaborative framework for data collection, data sharing and information integration. © 2013 IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Data integration

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Beyond the AFCEE protocol for natural attenuation

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GROUND WATER MONITORING AND REMEDIATION 1998年第3期18卷 70-77页

作者： Nyer, EK Mayfield, P Hughes, J Evan K. Nyer is a vice president with ARCADIS Geraghty & Miller Inc. where he is responsible for maintaining and expanding the company's technical expertise in geology/hydrogeology engineering modeling risk assessment and bioremediation. He has been active in the development of new treatment technologies for many years. His areas of research interest include biological treatment suspended solids separation chemical oxidation in situ treatment air treatment systems and the application of new technologies to ground water cleanup. He has been responsible for the strategies technical design and installation of more than 200 ground water and soil remediation systems at contaminated sites throughout the United States. Paulette Mayfield is the project manager for engineering services in ARCADIS Geraghty & Miller Inc. 's Austin Texas office. As such she manages engineering projects conducted by the office and also provides engineering and regulatory support for projects conducted by ARCADIS Geraghty & Miller nationwide. She is also a member of ARCADIS Geraghty & Miller's compliance audit team and has participated in or managed numerous projects associated with RCRA program compliance solid and hazardous waste management regulatory analysis and compliance planning and facility closure/demolition/ property redevelopment. She has participated in the design operation management and evaluation of numerous bioremediation projects including hazardous waste land treatment units petroleumcontaminated soil remediation projects and ground water natural attenuation and enhanced natural attenuation projects. Mayfield also conducted two years of laboratory research involving the in situ biodegradation of petroleum products. She received her graduate degree in environmental engineering from Texas Tech University and has co-authored several publications addressing in situ bioremediation techniques. Joseph D. Hughes is a hydrogeologist in ARCADIS Geraghty & Miller's Tampa Florida office. His areas of research int

The historical analytical data collected at Murdock demonstrate that: Constitutent concentrations in ground water in the area of highest known contaminant concentrations and along the flow path downgradient of that area decreased over the 3.5-year period when we began monitoring at the site and when we conducted the biogeochemical study. The ground water plume has stabilized and will not move further south. Chlorinated hydrocarbon parent products (TCE and 1,1,1-TCA) are degrading to their daughter products (1,1-DCA, 1,1-DCE, and cis-1,2-DCE) and thence to VC. The estimated total mass of chlorinated hydrocarbons dissolved in ground water was reduced from 1032 to 346 pounds between 1993 and the end of 1996 (approximately 66%). However, the scoring from the AFCEE protocol showed that there was only 'limited' evidence of biological dechlorination occurring at the site.

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Bitcoin’s future carbon footprint

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Qin, Shize Klaaßen, Lena Gallersdörfer, Ulrich Stoll, Christian Zhang, Da Institute of Energy Environment and Economy Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China TUM School of Management Technical University of Munich Munich Germany TUM Software Engineering for Business Information Systems Department of Informatics Technical University of Munich Munich Germany MIT Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA United States TUM Center for Energy Markets TUM School of Management Technical University of Munich Munich Germany MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change CambridgeMA02139 United States

The carbon footprint of Bitcoin has drawn wide attention, but Bitcoin’s long-term impact on the climate remains uncertain. Here we present a framework to overcome uncertainties in previous estimates and project Bitcoin’s electricity consumption and carbon footprint in the long term. If we assume Bitcoin’s market capitalization grows in line with the one of gold, we find that the annual electricity consumption of Bitcoin may increase from 50 to 400 TWh between 2020 and 2100. The future carbon footprint of Bitcoin strongly depends on the decarbonization pathway of the electricity sector. If the electricity sector achieves carbon neutrality by 2050, Bitcoin’s carbon footprint has peaked already. However, in the business-as-usual scenario, emissions sum up to 2 gigatons until 2100, an amount comparable to 6% of global emissions in 2018. Therefore, we also discuss policy instruments to reduce Bitcoin’s future carbon footprint. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Carbon footprint

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Correcting Confounding Canopy Structure, Biochemistry and Soil Background Effects Improves Leaf Area Index Estimates Across Diverse Ecosystems from Sentinel-2 Imagery

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Wan, Liang Ryu, Youngryel Dechant, Benjamin Hwang, Yorum Feng, Huaize Kang, Yanghui Jeong, Sungchan Lee, Jeongho Choi, Changhyun Bae, Joonhwan Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Program in Agricultural and Forest Meteorology Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Landscape Architecture and Rural Systems Engineering Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Halle-Jena-Leipzig Leipzig Germany Leipzig University Leipzig Germany Department of Earth and Environment Boston University BostonMA United States Department of Environmental Science Policy and Management University of California Berkeley BerkeleyCA94720 United States

High-resolution leaf area index (LAI) data are essential for sustainable agro-ecosystem management and precise disturbance detection. Previous LAI products were primarily derived from satellite data with limited spatiotemporal or spectral resolutions, which could be overcome with the use of Sentinel-2. While hybrid methods that integrate PROSAIL simulations with machine learning offer advantages in extracting high-resolution LAI from Sentinel-2, they still face challenges due to confounding factors related to canopy structure, leaf biochemistry, and soil background. To reduce impacts of these confounders, we developed an efficient hybrid method for Sentinel-2-based LAI retrieval. Our approach consists of random forest models trained on simulated datasets generated by PROSAIL-5B with two refinements: variable canopy fraction of senescent leaves (FS) and soil bidirectional reflectance factor (BRF) simulated by Brightness-Shape-Moisture (BSM) model. We corrected canopy BRF using near-infrared reflectance of vegetation (NIRV) and vegetation cover within mixed pixels (VC). For validation, we used LAI measurements across different vegetation types from the Copernicus Ground Based Observations for Validation (GBOV) and Korea flux (KoFlux) sites during 2019–2023. Our results showed that coupling BSM and FS with PROSAIL-5B simulations improved hybrid LAI estimates, reducing RMSE by 10.8%–73.8%. Utilizing NIRV and VC to correct canopy BRF better quantified LAI in most vegetation types, with RMSE reduced by 15.3%–64.8%. Our hybrid method showed robust agreement with ground validation LAI data from GBOV (R2 = 0.88, RMSE = 0.71) and KoFlux (R2 = 0.81, RMSE = 0.73) datasets. Overall, our method (R2 = 0.58–0.93) outperformed both the benchmark Sentinel Application Platform (R2 = 0.11–0.85) and data-driven (R2 = 0.09–0.85) algorithms in producing precise seasonal LAI data at finer resolutions. Our findings underscore the potential of the proposed hybrid method for high-resolution L

关键词： Vegetation

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Back-arc basin closure at the East Asian margin during Permo-Triassic boundary: Evidence from geochemistry and U-Pb zircon data of sedimentary breccia from Maizuru Terrane, Southwest Japan

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Geosystems and Geoenvironment 2022年第3期1卷

作者： Ngombi Mavoungou, Larissa Das, Kaushik Kawaguchi, Kenta Hayasaka, Yasutaka Shibata, Tomoyuki Earth and Planetary Systems Science Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima 739-8526 Japan Hiroshima Institute of Plate Convergence Region Research 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima 739-8526 Japan Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Jeonbuk National University 567 Baekje-daero Deokjin-gu Jeonju Jeollabuk-do 54896 South Korea

The paleo Maizuru back-arc basin, which was located at the East Asian continental margin opened in Early Permian times and closed during the Permo-Triassic (P-T) boundary. The back-arc basin sediments are exposed in the present-day Maizuru Terrane located in Southwest Japan and hold the key to understand the tectonic evolution of both this back-arc basin and that of the East Asian continental margin. The opening of the Maizuru back-arc basin was accompanied by the deposition of a massive black mudstone-dominated formation, presently recognized as the Maizuru Group. The closure of the back-arc basin which was accompanied by the deposition of coarse-grained materials such as the Tonoshiki breccia made up of differently-sized extremely angular clasts implies that the P-T boundary was a tectonically active period in the Maizuru Terrane. Petrographical and geochemical studies revealed that Tonoshiki breccia can be divided into two main types, a first type mainly made up of mafic to intermediate rock clast fragments (Type I) and a second type mostly consisting of felsic rock clast materials (Type II). Both types commonly contain massive black mudstone clasts that were derived from the underlying Maizuru Group. The U-Pb detrital zircon geochronology of those two types of breccia suggests that they were deposited during two phases of the tectonic activity-induced debris flow that occurred at ca. 259 Ma and ca. 251 Ma for the first and second type, respectively. Type I was sourced from the Southern zone, whereas Type II was sourced mostly from the Northern zone of the Maizuru Terrane. This switch of provenance testifies to the intense tectonic activity that reigned during the P-T boundary. The closure of the Maizuru back-arc basin was induced by the subduction of the basement crust of the basin under the East-Asian continent during the P-T boundary. © 2022 The Authors

关键词： Back-arc basin closure Geochemistry Maizuru Terrane Permo-Triassic boundary Tonoshiki breccia U-Pb zircon age

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Bioremediation using a commercial slurry‐phase biological treatment system: Site‐specific applications and costs

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Remediation Journal 1994年第3期4卷 353-362页

作者： Woodhull, Patrick M. Jerger, Douglas E. Patrick M. Woodhull is a project engineer in the bioremediation program at OHM Remediation Services Corp. a full-service environmental contracting firm in Findlay Ohio. He has 7 years of experience in the design and implementation of process systems for the biological treatment of contaminated materials. He is responsible for the technical management and project engineering of bioremediation projects and evaluation of innovative bioremediation processes. Douglas E. Jerger is OHM's technical director of bioremediation. He has more than 20 years of experience in applied and environmental microbiology. He designs and implements bioremediation programs for laboratory pilot and field projects provides technical management for ongoing projects and oversees OHM's biological research and development program.

Slurry‐phase bioremediation is an engineered process for treating contaminated soils or sludges. Slurry‐phase biological treatment can be applied to a variety of contaminated wastes amenable to microbial degradation, including manufactured gas plant wastes, wood‐treating wastes, refinery wastes, petroleum hydrocarbons, and select chlorinated compounds, including PCBs. This article describes the process by which a commercial slurry‐phase treatment system was used to bioremediate contaminants at two sites–a wood treatment facility and a manufactured gas plant. A process description of the system and an analysis of project costs are provided. Bioremediation offers two advantages over other remediation alternatives: on‐site destruction of the contaminant(s) and lower total remedial costs. Slurry‐phase biological treatment offers several advantages over conventional bioremediation technologies (i.e., land treatment). Slurry‐phase biological treatment can achieve increased degradation rates, higher treatment efficiencies, greater control of environmental and operating conditions, and smaller treatment area requirements. Slurry‐phase biological treatment costs range from approximately $200 to $230 per cubic yard, which is comparable to other on‐site remediation technologies. Copyright © 1994 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., A Wiley Company

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Affordability, logistics R&D and fleet systems

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1996年第3期108卷 199-213页

作者： Schulte, DP Skolnick, A He has supported the development and operation of several naval systems including advanced component selection for Trident II fire control and navigation systems. He served as branch manager of the Surface Ship ASW Combat System Branch which acted as the acquisition engineering agent for the AN/SQQ-89 Surface Ship Anti-Submarine Warfare Weapon System. He was then selected to manage the Module Engineering Department which provided engineering support to numerous naval systems including the AN/BSY-1 Submarine Combat System and the Trident II fire control and navigation system. He then served as the deputy program manager for NAVSEA Progressive Maintenance (2M/ATE). He holds a B.S. degree in Electrical Engineering from Purdue University and currently is pursuing a Maste's degree in Public Environmental Affairs at Indiana University—Purdue University Indianapolis. He served at Applied Physics Laboratory/The Johns Hopkins University in missile development then aboard USS Boston (CAG-1) and played leading roles in several weapon system developments (Regulus Terrier Tartar Talos) inertial navigation (Polaris) deep submergence (DSRV) and advanced ship designs (SES). He later was director Combat System Integration Naval Sea Systems Command and head Combat Projects Naval Ship Engineering Center. He led the Navy's High Energy Lasers and Directed Energy Weapons development efforts. He was vice president advanced technology at Operations Research Inc. and vice president maritime engineering at Defense Group Inc. before starting SSC in 1991. Dr. Skolnick holds a B.S. degree in Mathematics and Economics Queens College an M.A. degree in Mathematics and Philosophy Columbia University an M.S. degree in Electrical/Aeronautical Engineering U.S. Naval Postgraduate School and a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering and Applied Mathematics from Polytechnic University in New York. He is the author of many published papers on engineering design issues source selection procedures and large-scale complex technology problems

The Fleet continues to require high performance systems that can operate with dependability in the seas' unforgiving environments and under hostile action. Those demands are not new. What has changed is the urgent priority formerly assigned to national defense issues. The arguments for continued superpower military strength are now roiled in politics along with unsettled budgets and uncertain force level projections. Current expectations revolve about indefinite fiscal and operational issues (difficult funding constraints and broadband threats). In the actual event of ''doing more with less,'' a practical response is to apply the creative power available from sound engineering judgement and the crucible of experience to the immediate needs of the Fleet. The attempt to shorten the path between advanced development effort and Fleet use has been tried occasionally in the past, often, without exemplary results. The Sustainable Hardware and Affordable Readiness Practices (SHARP) program, is a generic R&D effort under OpNav sponsorship that has been working steadily on sensible solutions to product engineering problems. Armed today with fast-time, large-scale computation abilities and modern tools for technical problem solving coupled with specialized engineering knowledge, it has been refreshed and is underway satisfying existing Fleet needs. The relationship between fully responsive engineering services and current operational needs is always demanding. The connection between advanced engineering development (6.3 category funds) and immediate Fleet usage brings added complexity and challenge, both technical and organizational. Illustrative examples of affordable engineering solutions to ''retain, revise, replace or retire'' questions are presented within the context of both Fleet realities and budgetary limitations. The discussion covers legacy system support, civil/military considerations and Fleet maintenance issues. It describes the substantial and critical payoffs i

关键词： Warships

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A Sophisticated Ground Water Analytical Tool

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Groundwater Monitoring & Remediation 1995年第2期15卷 134-139页

作者： Tonjes, David J. Heil, James H. Black, John A. David J. Tonjes is a doctoral candidate in coastal oceanography at the Marine Sciences Research Center University at Stony Brook through its Waste Management Institute (Waste Management Institute Marine Sciences Research Center University at Stony Brook 11794–5000). Under a grant from the Town Board he is a technical adviser to the commissioner of waste management of the town of Brookhaven New York in solid waste planning regulatory compliance and environmental site monitoring. Tonjes has a B.A. in liberal arts from St. John's College an M.S. in computer science from New York Institute of Technology and an M.S. in technological systems management from the University at Stony Brook. James H. Heil is commissioner of waste management for the town of Brookhaven (Department of Waste Management Town of Brookhaven 3233 Rte. 112 Medford NY 11763). Heil received a B.S. from Manhattan College and an M.S. from New York University in civil engineering and is a licensed professional engineer in New York. He is a former president of the New York State Solid Waste Management Association. John A. Black is the coordinator of the environmental science program at Suffolk County Community College (Environmental Science Program Suffolk County Community College Selden NY 11784). He is currently the chair of the Ecology Committee of the Pine Barrens Advisory Committee for Suffolk County and is a member of the Suffolk County Pine Barrens Review Commission. Black received a B.S. in chemistry from Adephi University an M.S. in public administration from the University at Stony Book an M. S. from Hofstra University and a Ph. D. from Adlephi in marine sciences.

Stiff diagrams arc a multivariate method of analysis used to describe the chemical state of ground water. The use of Stiff diagrams to describe multiconstituent contamination sites, such as landfills, has distinct advantages over single constituent analyses. Problems associated with traditional Stiff diagram analyses, such as diagram attentuation, can be addressed by allowing the scale of the diagram to vary with the ionic strength of the analyzed sample. The use of these sliding scale Stiff diagrams reveals the chemical slate of the ground water over wide ranges of constituent concentrations and thus allows for sensitive and sophisticated depictions of complicated contamination sites in a fashion that is extremely difficult to replicate with single constituent analyses. This approach has possible applications for understanding and tracing the mixing and chemical changes in uncontaminated settings. Copyright © 1995, Wiley Blackwell. All rights reserved

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