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Towards standardised and valid anthropometric indicators of nutritional status in middle childhood and adolescence

LANCET CHILD & ADOLESCENT HEALTH 2022年第10期6卷 738-746页

作者： Lelijveld, Natasha Benedict, Rukundo K. Wrottesley, Stephanie, V Bhutta, Zulfiqar A. Borghi, Elaine Cole, Tim J. Croft, Trevor Frongillo, Edward A. Hayashi, Chika Namaste, Sorrel Sharma, Deepika Tumilowicz, Alison Wells, Jonathan C. Ezzati, Majid Patton, George C. Mates, Emily Emergency Nutr Network Oxford OX5 2DN England ICF Demog & Hlth Surveys Program Rockville MD USA Hosp Sick Children Ctr Global Child Hlth Toronto ON Canada Aga Khan Univ Ctr Excellence Women & Child Hlth Karachi Pakistan WHO Geneva Switzerland UCL Great Ormond St Inst Child Hlth Populat Policy & Practice Res & Teaching Dept London England Univ South Carolina Arnold Sch Publ Hlth Columbia SC 29208 USA UNICEF Headquarters New York NY USA Bill & Melinda Gates Fdn Seattle WA USA Imperial Coll London Sch Publ Hlth London England Univ Ghana Reg Inst Populat Studies Accra Ghana Univ Melbourne Dept Paediat Melbourne Vic Australia

Recognition of the importance of nutrition during middle childhood (age 5-9 years) and adolescence (age 10-19 years) is increasing, particularly in the context of global food insecurity and rising overweight and obesity rates. Until now, policy makers have been slow to respond to rapidly changing patterns of malnutrition across these age groups. One barrier has been a scarcity of consistent and regular nutrition surveillance systems for these age groups. What should be measured, and how best to operationalise anthropometric indicators that have been the cornerstone of nutrition surveillance in younger children and in adults, has been the topic of ongoing debate. Even with consensus on the importance of a given anthropometric indicator, difficulties arise in interpreting trends over time and between countries owing to the use of different terminologies, reference data, and cutoff points. In this Viewpoint we highlight the need to revisit anthropometric indicators across middle childhood and adolescence, a process that will require WHO and UNICEF coordination, the engagement of national implementors and policy makers, and partnership with research communities and donors.

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Implementation fidelity of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose administration for iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy: a mixed-methods study nested in a clinical trial in Nigeria

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IMPLEMENTATION SCIENCE COMMUNICATIONS 2024年第1期5卷 1-14页

作者： Akinajo, Opeyemi R. Annerstedt, Kristi Sidney Banke-Thomas, Aduragbemi Obi-Jeff, Chisom Sam-Agudu, Nadia A. Babah, Ochuwa A. Balogun, Mobolanle R. Benova, Lenka Afolabi, Bosede Bukola Lagos Univ Teaching Hosp Dept Obstet & Gynaecol Lagos Idi Araba Nigeria Karolinska Inst Dept Global Publ Hlth Stockholm Sweden Inst Trop Med Dept Publ Hlth Antwerp Belgium Univ Lagos Fac Clin Sci Dept Obstet & Gynaecol Coll Med Lagos Nigeria Univ Lagos Coll Med Ctr Clin Trials & Implementat Sci CCTRIS Cent Res Lab Lagos Idi Araba Nigeria London Sch Hyg & Trop Med Maternal Adolescent Reprod & Child Hlth Ctr MARCH London England Brooks Insights Ltd Abuja FCT Nigeria London Sch Hyg & Trop Med Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol London England Inst Human Virol Nigeria Int Res Ctr Excellence Abuja Nigeria Univ Minnesota Med Sch Dept Pediat Global Pediat Program Div Infect Dis Minneapolis MN USA Univ Lagos Coll Med Dept Community Hlth & Primary Care Lagos Nigeria

BackgroundIron deficiency anaemia is common among pregnant women in Nigeria. The standard treatment is oral iron therapy, which can be sub-optimal due to side effects. Intravenous ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) is an evidenced-based alternative treatment with a more favourable side effect profile requiring administration according to a standardized protocol. In this study, we assessed the fidelity of administering a single dose of FCM according to protocol and identified factors influencing implementation *** used a mixed-method approach with a sequential explanatory design nested in a clinical trial across 11 facilities in Lagos and Kano States, Nigeria. Guided by a conceptual framework of implementation fidelity, we quantitatively assessed adherence to protocol by directly observing every alternate FCM administration, using an intervention procedure checklist, and compared median adherence by facility and state. Qualitative fidelity assessment was conducted via in-depth interviews with 14 skilled health personnel (SHP) from nine purposively selected health facilities, using a semi-structured interview guide. We analyzed quantitative data using descriptive and inferential statistics in Stata and used thematic analysis to analyze the transcribed interviews in *** total of 254 FCM administrations were observed across the 11 study sites, with the majority in secondary (63%), followed by primary healthcare facilities (PHCs) (30%). Overall, adherence to FCM administration as per protocol was moderate (63%) and varied depending on facility level. The lowest level of adherence was observed in PHCs (36%). Median, adherence level showed significant differences by facility level (p = 0.001) but not by state (p = 0.889). Teamwork and availability of protocols are facilitation strategies that contributed to high fidelity. However, institutional/ logistical barriers are contextual factors that influenced the varied fidelity levels observed in some facilit

关键词： Anaemia Iron deficiency anaemia Pregnancy Fidelity Intravenous iron Implementation science Nigeria Sub-Saharan Africa

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Oral translanguaging in telecollaboration: Effects on EFL learner intercultural awareness, learning and communicative competence

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SYSTEM 2024年 124卷

作者： Yeh, Hui-Chin Qi, Grace Yue Lin, Meng-Wei Chen, Nian-Shing Natl Yunlin Univ Sci & Technol Dept Appl Foreign Languages 123 Sect 3 Univ RD Touliu 123 Taiwan Massey Univ Sch Humanities Media & Creat Commun Private Bag 102 904 Auckland 0745 New Zealand Asia Univ Dept Early Childhood Educ 500 Liufeng Rd Taichung 413 Taiwan Asia Univ Ctr Dev Language Teaching & Res 500 Liufeng Rd Taichung 413 Taiwan Natl Taiwan Normal Univ Program Learning Sci 162 Sect 1Heping E Rd Taipei 106 Taiwan Natl Taiwan Normal Univ Inst Res Excellence Learning Sci 162 Sect 1Heping E Rd Taipei 106 Taiwan

This study reported the intercultural communicative competence (ICC) development of twenty-one Taiwanese English as a Foreign Language (EFL) college students who participated in a five-week Taiwan-New Zealand telecollaboration program, Kindling, in a multimodal online environment. To this end we investigated 1) the association between their oral translanguaging practices and development of ICC, and 2) aspects of intercultural learning that impacted their translanguaging experience. Data included recordings of group-based online communication and reflection notes on their online Quality Talk (QT) discussions, to which we applied content analysis based on ICC framework. The findings indicated that oral translanguaging facilitated students' development of positive attitudes toward intercultural awareness and learning. Analysis of the cultural comparisons and perspective shifts recorded in their QT reflection notes revealed ways in which students experienced dynamic aspects of intercultural learning through oral translanguaging. These results encourage researchers and practitioners to provide opportunities for language learners' ICC development and intercultural learning through oral translanguaging opportunities in digitally mediated socialization through telecollaboration.

关键词： Intercultural communicative competence (ICC) Intercultural learning Telecollaboration Oral translanguaging English as a foreign language (EFL)

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Tuberculosis in children with severe acute malnutrition

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EXPERT REVIEW OF RESPIRATORY MEDICINE 2022年第3期16卷 273-284页

作者： Vonasek, Bryan J. Radtke, Kendra K. Vaz, Paula Buck, W. Chris Chabala, Chishala McCollum, Eric D. Marcy, Olivier Fitzgerald, Elizabeth Kondwani, Alexander Garcia-Prats, Anthony J. Univ Wisconsin Dept Pediat Sch Med & Publ Hlth 600 Highland Ave Madison WI 53792 USA Univ Calif San Francisco Dept Bioengn & Therapeut Sci San Francisco CA 94143 USA Fundacao Ariel Glaser Maputo Mozambique Univ Calif Los Angeles David Geffen Sch Med Los Angeles CA 90095 USA Univ Teaching Hosp Childrens Hosp Lusaka Zambia Johns Hopkins Sch Med Dept Pediat Eudowood Div Pediat Resp Sci Global Program Resp Sci Baltimore MD USA Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth Dept Int Hlth Baltimore MD USA Univ Bordeaux French Natl Res Inst Sustainable Dev Ird INSERM Bordeaux France Univ N Carolina Dept Pediat Sch Med Chapel Hill NC 27515 USA North West Univ Ctr Excellence Nutr Potchefstroom South Africa

Introduction With growing attention globally to the childhood tuberculosis epidemic after decades of neglect, and with the burden of severe acute malnutrition (SAM) remaining unacceptably high worldwide, the collision of these two diseases is an important focus for improving child health. Areas covered This review describes the clinical and public health implications of the interplay between tuberculosis and SAM, particularly for children under the age of five, and identifies priority areas for improved programmatic implementation and future research. We reviewed the literature on PubMed and other evidence known to the authors published until August 2021 relevant to this topic. Expert opinion To achieve the World Health Organization's goal of eliminating deaths from childhood tuberculosis and to improve the abysmal outcomes for children with SAM, further research is needed to 1) better understand the epidemiologic connections between child tuberculosis and SAM, 2) improve case finding of tuberculosis in children with SAM, 3) assess unique treatment considerations for tuberculosis when children also have SAM, and 4) ensure tuberculosis and SAM are strongly addressed in decentralized, integrated models of providing primary healthcare to children.

关键词： Childhood tuberculosis tuberculosis severe acute malnutrition

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Age-specific rates of onset of cannabis use in Mexico

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ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS 2021年第0期122卷 107038-107038页

作者： Lopez-Mendez, Mauricio Ospina-Escobar, Angelica Iskandar, Rowan Alarid-Escudero, Fernando Brown Univ Sch Publ Hlth Providence RI 02912 USA Programa Catedras CONACyT Mexico City DF Mexico Ctr Res & Teaching Econ CIDE Drug Policy Program Aguascalientes Aguascalientes Mexico Ctr Res & Teaching Econ CIDE Div Multidisciplinary Studies Aguascalientes Aguascalientes Mexico Brown Univ Ctr Evidence Synth Hlth Providence RI 02912 USA Sitem Insel Ctr Excellence Decis Analyt Modeling & Hlth Econ Bern Switzerland Ctr Res & Teaching Econ CIDE Div Publ Adm Circuito Tecnopolo Norte 117 Aguascalientes 20313 Aguascalientes Mexico

Background: Over the previous two decades, the lifetime prevalence of cannabis use has risen among Mexico's population. Aims: Estimate the sex- and age-specific rates of onset of cannabis use over time. Design: Five nationally representative cross-sectional surveys, the Mexican National Surveys of Addictions (1998, 2002, 2008, 2012) and the Mexican National Survey on Drugs, Alcohol, and Tobacco Consumption (2016). Setting: Mexico. Participants: Pooled sample of 141,342 respondents aged between 12 and 65 years of which 43.6%(n = 61,658) are male and 56.4% (n = 79,684) are female. Measurements: We estimated the age-specific rates of onset of cannabis as the conditional rate of consuming cannabis for the first time at a specific age. Methods: Time-to-event flexible-parametric models with spline specifications of the hazard function. Stratified analysis by sex and control for temporal trends by year of data collection or decennial birth cohort. Findings: Age-specific rates of onset of cannabis use per 1,000 individuals increased over time for females and males. Peak rates of onset of cannabis use per 1,000 ranged from 0.935 (95%CI = [0.772, 1.148]) in 1998, to 5.391 (95%CI = [4.924, 5.971]) in 2016 for females;and from 7.513 (95%CI = [6.732, 10.063]) in 1998, to 26.107 (95%CI = [25.918,30.654]) in 2016 for males. Across decennial birth-cohorts, peak rates of onset of cannabis use per 1,000 individuals for females ranged from 0.234 (95%CI = [0.078, 0.768]) for those born in the 1930s, to 14.611 (95%CI = [13.243, 16.102]) for those born in the 1990s;and for males, from 4.086 (95%CI = [4.022, 7.857]) for those born in the 1930s, to 38.693 (95%CI = [24.847, 48.670]) for those born in the 1990s. Conclusion: Rates of onset of cannabis increased over the previous two decades for both females and males but remained higher for males. Across recent cohorts, the rates of onset have increased at a faster rate among females than males.

关键词： Age-specific rates of onset Cannabis Mexico Time-to-event flexible parametric models

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Neuroscientific therapies for atrial fibrillation

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CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2021年第7期117卷 1732-1745页

作者： Hanna, Peter Buch, Eric Stavrakis, Stavros Meyer, Christian Tompkins, John D. Ardell, Jeffrey L. Shivkumar, Kalyanam Univ Calif Los Angeles UCLA David Geffen Sch Med Cardiac Arrhythmia Ctr 100 Med PlazaSuite 660 Los Angeles CA 90095 USA UCLA David Geffen Sch Med Neurocardiol Res Program Excellence 100 Med PlazaSuite 660 Los Angeles CA 90095 USA UCLA David Geffen Sch Med Mol Cellular & Integrat Physiol Program 100 Med PlazaSuite 660 Los Angeles CA 90095 USA Univ Oklahoma Heart Rhythm Inst Hlth Sci Ctr 1100 N Lindsay Ave Oklahoma City OK 73104 USA Teaching Hosp Univ Dusseldorf Div Cardiol Cardiac Neuro & Electrophysiol Res Consortium cNE EVK Dusseldorf Kirchfeldstr 40 D-40217 Dusseldorf Germany Univ Dusseldorf Inst Neural & Sensory Physiol Cardiac Neuro & Electrophysiol Res Consortium cNE Univ Str 1 D-40225 Dusseldorf Germany

The cardiac autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays an integral role in normal cardiac physiology as well as in disease states that cause cardiac arrhythmias. The cardiac ANS, comprised of a complex neural hierarchy in a nested series of interacting feedback loops, regulates atrial electrophysiology and is itself susceptible to remodelling by atrial rhythm. In light of the challenges of treating atrial fibrillation (AF) with conventional pharmacologic and myoablative techniques, increasingly interest has begun to focus on targeting the cardiac neuraxis for AF. Strong evidence from animal models and clinical patients demonstrates that parasympathetic and sympathetic activity within this neuraxis may trigger AF, and the ANS may either induce atrial remodelling or undergo remodelling itself to serve as a substrate for AF. Multiple nexus points within the cardiac neuraxis are therapeutic targets, and neuroablative and neuromodulatory therapies for AF include ganglionated plexus ablation, epicardial botulinum toxin injection, vagal nerve (tragus) stimulation, renal denervation, stellate ganglion block/resection, baroreceptor activation therapy, and spinal cord stimulation. Pre-clinical and clinical studies on these modalities have had promising results and are reviewed here.

关键词： Atrial fibrillation Autonomic nervous system Neurocardiology Neuromodulation Vagus nerve

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Effect of preterm birth on growth and blood pressure in adulthood in the Pelotas 1993 cohort

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY 2023年第6期52卷 1870-1877页

作者： Lapidaire, Winok Proano, Alvaro Blumenberg, Cauane de Mola, Christian Loret Delgado, Carlos A. del Castillo, Darwin Wehrmeister, Fernando C. Goncalves, Helen Gilman, Robert H. Oberhelman, Richard A. Lewandowski, Adam J. Wells, Jonathan C. K. Miranda, J. Jaime Univ Oxford Radcliffe Dept Med Div Cardiovasc Med Oxford Cardiovasc Clin Res Facil Oxford England Tulane Univ Dept Pediat Sch Med New Orleans LA USA Childrens Hosp Philadelphia Div Neonatol Philadelphia PA USA Univ Fed Pelotas Postgrad Program Epidemiol Pelotas Brazil Causale Consultoria Pelotas Brazil Univ Fed Rio Grande FURG Grp Pesquisa & Inovacao Saude Programa Posgrad Saude Publ Rio Grande RS Brazil Univ Cient Sur Lima Peru Univ Nacl Mayor San Marcos Fac Med Dept Pediat Lima Peru Inst Nacl Salud Nino Neonatal Intens Care Unit Lima Peru Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia CRON Ctr Excellence Chron Dis Lima Peru Johns Hopkins Univ Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth Dept Int Hlth Baltimore MD USA Tulane Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med Dept Trop Med New Orleans LA USA UCL Great Ormond St Inst Child Hlth Populat Policy & Practice Res & Teaching Dept London England Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia Sch Med Lima Peru UNSW George Inst Global Hlth Sydney NSW Australia

Background Preterm birth has been associated with increased risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease later in adulthood, attributed to cardiovascular and metabolic alterations in early life. However, there is paucity of evidence from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods We investigated the differences between preterm (<37 weeks gestational age) and term-born individuals in birth length and weight as well as adult (18 and 20 years) height, weight and blood pressure in the Brazilian 1993 Pelotas birth cohort using linear regressions. Analyses were adjusted for the maternal weight at the beginning of pregnancy and maternal education and family income at childbirth. Additional models were adjusted for body mass index (BMI) and birthweight. Separate analyses were run for males and females. The complete sample was analysed with an interaction term for sex. Results Of the 3585 babies included at birth, 3010 were followed up in adulthood at 22 years. Preterm participants had lower length and weight at birth. This difference remained for male participants in adulthood, but female participants were no shorter than their term counterparts by 18 years of age. At 22 years, females born preterm had lower blood pressures (systolic blood pressure -1.00 mmHg, 95%CI -2.7, 0.7 mmHg;diastolic blood pressure -1.1 mmHg, 95%CI -2.4, 0.3 mmHg) than females born at term. These differences were not found in male participants. Conclusions In this Brazilian cohort we found contrasting results regarding the association of preterm birth with blood pressure in young adulthood, which may be unique to an LMIC.

关键词： Preterm birth blood pressure low- and middle-income countries growth

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Exploring the Xylariaceae and its relatives

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BOTANICAL STUDIES 2023年第1期64卷 1-16页

作者： Suwannasai, Nuttika Sangvichien, Ek Phosri, Cherdchai McCloskey, Sirirath Wangsawat, Niwana Thamvithayakorn, Pisit Ruchikachorn, Nutthaporn Thienhirun, Surang Mekkamol, Sureewan Sihanonth, Prakitsin Whalley, Margaret A. Whalley, Anthony J. S. Srinakharinwirot Univ Fac Sci Dept Microbiol 114 Sukhumvit 23 Bangkok 10110 Thailand Ramkhamhang Univ Fac Sci Dept Biol Bangkok 10240 Thailand Nakhon Phanom Univ Fac Sci Dept Biol Nakhon Phanom 48000 Thailand Khon Kaen Univ Fac Sci Ctr Excellence Innovat Chem PERCH C Dept ChemNatl Products Res Unit Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand CPF Food Res & Dev Ctr Food Res Unit 359 Moo 4 Wang Noi Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya 13170 Thailand Inst Promot Teaching Sci & Technol IPST 924 Sukhumvit Rd Phra Khanong Subdist Klong Toei Bangkok 10110 Thailand Forest Prod Res Div Dept Royal Forest Bangkok 10900 Thailand Maejo Univ Fac Agr Prod Plant Protect Program 63 Sansai-Phrao RdNongharn Chiang Mai 50290 Thailand Chulalongkorn Univ Fac Sci Dept Microbiol Bangkok 10330 Thailand Liverpool John Moore Univ Sch Pharm & Biomol Sci Liverpool L3 3AF England Natl Ctr Genet Engn & Biotechnol 113 Thailand Sci PkPhahonyothin RdKhlong Luang Bangkok 12120 Thailand

The Xylariaceae and its relatives rank as one of the best-known members of the Ascomycota. They are now well recognized for their diversity, global distribution, ecological activities and their outstanding novel metab... 详细信息

关键词： Xylariales Xylariaceae Systematics Endophytes Chemical profiles Ecological aspects Plant diseases Host and habitat preferences

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Metagenomic surveillance uncovers diverse and novel viral taxa in febrile patients from Nigeria

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NATURE COMMUNICATIONS 2023年第1期14卷 4693页

作者： Oguzie, Judith U. Petros, Brittany A. Oluniyi, Paul E. Mehta, Samar B. Eromon, Philomena E. Nair, Parvathy Adewale-Fasoro, Opeoluwa Ifoga, Peace Damilola Odia, Ikponmwosa Pastusiak, Andrzej Gbemisola, Otitoola Shobi Aiyepada, John Oke Uyigue, Eghosasere Anthonia Edamhande, Akhilomen Patience Blessing, Osiemi Airende, Michael Tomkins-Tinch, Christopher Qu, James Stenson, Liam Schaffner, Stephen F. Oyejide, Nicholas Ajayi, Nnenna A. Ojide, Kingsley Ogah, Onwe Abejegah, Chukwuyem Adedosu, Nelson Ayodeji, Oluwafemi Liasu, Ahmed A. Okogbenin, Sylvanus Okokhere, Peter O. Park, Daniel J. Folarin, Onikepe A. Komolafe, Isaac Ihekweazu, Chikwe Frost, Simon D. W. Jackson, Ethan K. Siddle, Katherine J. Sabeti, Pardis C. Happi, Christian T. Redeemers Univ Fac Nat Sci Dept Biol Sci Ede Osun State Nigeria Redeemers Univ African Ctr Excellence Genom Infect Dis ACEGID Ede Osun State Nigeria Broad Inst Harvard & MIT Cambridge MA 02142 USA Harvard MIT Program Hlth Sci & Technol Cambridge MA 02139 USA Harvard MIT MD PhD Program Boston MA 02115 USA Harvard Med Sch Dept Syst Biol Syst Synthet & Quantitat Biol PhD Program Boston MA 02115 USA Chan Zuckerberg Biohub San Francisco CA USA Univ Maryland Dept Med Med Ctr Baltimore MA USA Howard Hughes Med Inst Chevy Chase MD 20815 USA Irrua Specialist Teaching Hosp Irrua Edo State Nigeria Microsoft Premonit Redmond WA USA Harvard Univ Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol Cambridge MA 02138 USA Alex Ekwueme Fed Univ Teaching Hosp Abakaliki Nigeria Fed Med Ctr Owo Ondo State Nigeria Nigeria Ctr Dis Control Abuja Nigeria London Sch Hyg & Trop Med London England Brown Univ Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol Providence RI 02912 USA Harvard Univ Harvard TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth Dept Immunol & Infect Dis Boston MA 02115 USA

Effective infectious disease surveillance in high-risk regions is critical for clinical care and pandemic preemption;however, few clinical diagnostics are available for the wide range of potential human pathogens. Here, we conduct unbiased metagenomic sequencing of 593 samples from febrile Nigerian patients collected in three settings: i) population-level surveillance of individuals presenting with symptoms consistent with Lassa Fever (LF);ii) real-time investigations of outbreaks with suspected infectious etiologies;and iii) undiagnosed clinically challenging cases. We identify 13 distinct viruses, including the second and third documented cases of human blood-associated dicistrovirus, and a highly divergent, unclassified dicistrovirus that we name human blood-associated dicistrovirus 2. We show that pegivirus C is a common co-infection in individuals with LF and is associated with lower Lassa viral loads and favorable outcomes. We help uncover the causes of three outbreaks as yellow fever virus, monkeypox virus, and a noninfectious cause, the latter ultimately determined to be pesticide poisoning. We demonstrate that a local, Nigerian-driven metagenomics response to complex public health scenarios generates accurate, real-time differential diagnoses, yielding insights that inform policy. Applying metagenomics, the authors identify 13 viruses in febrile Nigerians, including a new dicistrovirus. Real-time phylogenetics spurred national vaccination campaigns, while retrospective analysis linked pegivirus C co-infections to favorable Lassa Fever outcomes.

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High serum miR-421 is associated with metabolic dysregulation and inflammation in patients with metabolic syndrome

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EPIGENOMICS 2021年第6期13卷 423-436页

作者： Braga, Aecio A. Bortolin, Raul H. Graciano-Saldarriaga, Magda E. Hirata, Thiago D. C. Cerda, Alvaro de Freitas, Renata C. C. Lin-Wang, Hui T. Borges, Jessica B. Franca, Joao I. D. Masi, Laureane N. Curi, Rui Pithon-Curi, Tania C. Sampaio, Marcelo F. Castro, Lara R. Bastos, Gisele M. Hirata, Rosario D. C. Hirata, Mario H. Univ Sao Paulo Sch Pharmaceut Sci Dept Clin & Toxicol Analyses BR-05508000 Sao Paulo Brazil Univ La Frontera Ctr Excellence Translat Med Dept Basic Sci CEMT BIOREN Temuco 4810296 Chile Inst Dante Pazzanese Cardiol Mol Res Lab Cardiol BR-04012909 Sao Paulo Brazil Inst Dante Pazzanese Cardiol Lab Epidmiol & Stat BR-04012909 Sao Paulo Brazil Cruzeirodo Univ Interdisciplinary Postgrad Program Hlth Sci BR-01506000 Sao Paulo Brazil Inst Dante Pazzanese Cardiol Med Clin Div BR-04012909 Sao Paulo Brazil Real & Benemerita Associacao Portuguesa Beneficie Dept Cardiol BR-01323001 Sao Paulo Brazil Real & Benemerita Associacao Portuguesa Beneficie Dept Teaching & Res BR-01323001 Sao Paulo Brazil

Aim: To explore the association of circulating miRNAs with adiposity, metabolic status and inflammatory biomarkers in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Patients & methods: Serum levels of 372 miRNAs were measured in patients with (n = 6) and without MetS (n = 6) by quantitative PCR array, and dysregulated miRNAs were validated in a larger cohort (MetS, n = 89;non-MetS, n = 144). Results: In the screening study, seven miRNAs were dysregulated in patients with MetS, and miR-421 remained increased in the validation study. miR-421 was associated with a high risk of MetS and insulin resistance and hypertension and correlated with glycated hemoglobin, triacylglycerols, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, IL-6, resistin and adiponectin (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Circulating miR-421 is a potential biomarker for insulin resistance, metabolic dysregulation and inflammatory status in patients with MetS. Lay abstract This study aimed to explore the association of circulating regulatory small molecules (miRNAs) with obesity, metabolic alterations and inflammation in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Levels of 372 miRNAs were measured in blood serum of patients with and without MetS using molecular biology techniques. Seven miRNAs were altered in patients with MetS, and one of them (miR-421) was associated with a high risk of MetS, insulin resistance and hypertension. miR-421 was also correlated with glycated hemoglobin (used for glycemia monitoring), serum lipids and inflammatory molecules. Circulating miR-421 is a small molecule with potential biomarker for insulin resistance, metabolic dysregulation and inflammatory status in patients with MetS.

关键词： adiponectin circulating miRNAs inflammation insulin resistance metabolic syndrome miR-421 obesity

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