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Elimination of across-track phase components in airborne along-track interferometry data to improve object velocity measurements

Elimination of across-track phase components in airborne alo...

引用

IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (IGARSS)

作者： K. Schulz U. Soergel U. Thoennessen U. Stilla FGAN-FOM Research Institute of Optronics and Pattern Recognition Ettlingen Germany

The phase differences in airborne along-track interferometry can be used to calculate radial velocities of moving objects. This paper deals with the problem to preprocess phase and intensity data of along-track interferometry with the aim to determine velocities of slow moving objects. The phase information is often severely disturbed by quite different reasons. Beside the problem of noise sensitivity of interferometric measurements in airborne measurements additionally an unwanted across-track component could lead to systematic phase errors. We propose a first order correction of the along-track phase values by subtracting a plane which is fitted into phase values. In case of a flat scene this correction complies a 'flat Earth' correction of the phase. The described process was applied to a scene with slow moving cargo ships.

关键词： Interferometry Velocity measurement Phase measurement Marine vehicles Object detection Phase noise Layout Noise measurement Frequency Sea measurements

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Estimation of vehicle movement in urban areas from thermal video sequences

Estimation of vehicle movement in urban areas from thermal v...

引用

GRSS/ISPRS Joint Workshop on Remote Sensing and Data Fusion over Urban Areas

作者： E. Michaelsen U. Stilla FGAN-FOM Research Institute for Optronics and Pattern Recognition Ettlingen Germany

In this contribution we describe a method to assess the activity of vehicles based on airborne image sequences taken by an infrared camera. At the resolution of approximately one-meter vehicles appear as elongated spots. Active vehicles often appear as a configuration of a dark and a bright spot close to each other, where the latter results from the warm motor hood. For the estimation of vehicle movement a precise measurement of the sensor movement is required. The sensor movement is inferred from image sequences. A robust estimation avoids outliers in the set of point correspondences. A special selection strategy prefers samples that promise estimation precision.

关键词： Infrared surveillance Machine vision Object recognition Urban areas Vehicles vehicle Infrared surveillance urban area object recognition robot vision image sequences Movements bright spot Video sequences

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Perceptual grouping of regular structures for automatic detection of man-made objects

Perceptual grouping of regular structures for automatic dete...

引用

IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (IGARSS)

作者： U. Stilla E. Michaelsen U. Soergel K. Schulz FGAN-FOM Research Institute of Optronics and Pattern Recognition Ettlingen Germany

Human observers perceive man-made objects in images from the visual spectrum domain as well as in IR or SAR imagery. Mechanisms like perceptual grouping are crucial to this capability. In this paper two examples for grouping in different image sources are discussed. The first example is activity estimation in urban areas from thermal IR images. The grouping of vehicles into rows is performed along the margins of the roads. The other example is related to the detection of industrial buildings from InSAR data. Such buildings often show salient regular patterns of strong scatterers on their roofs. A previous segmentation which uses the intensity, height and coherence information extracts building cues. Strong scatterers are filtered by a spot detector and localized by a cluster formation. These scatterers are grouped in rows by a process that uses the contours of the building cues as context.

关键词： Object detection Infrared detectors Production Humans Scattering Urban areas Infrared imaging Radiometry pattern recognition Road vehicles

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Visibility analysis of man-made objects in SAR images

Visibility analysis of man-made objects in SAR images

引用

GRSS/ISPRS Joint Workshop on Remote Sensing and Data Fusion over Urban Areas

作者： U. Soergel U. Thoennessen U. Stilla FGAN-FOM Research Institute for Optronics and Pattern Recognition Ettlingen Germany

The increasing resolution of SAR data offers the possibility to utilize this data for a detailed scene interpretation in urban areas. Different SAR specific phenomena like foreshortening, layover, shadow and multipath-propagation burden the interpretation. A high resolution LIDAR DEM of an urban scene is incorporated to investigate the impact of the phenomena on the visibility of man-made objects by a SAR measurement from a given sensor trajectory and orientation. LIDAR data as ground truth is well suited for this task, because it contains elevation information of man-made and natural objects. Incoherent sampling of the DEM simulates shadow and layover areas. By a variation of viewing and aspect angles a large number of such simulations are carried out. From this set of segmentations the n best are determined with respect to the visibility of roads and buildings. Furthermore, the locations of total reflection or double-bounce scattering in the vicinity of buildings are determined.

关键词： SAR LIDAR Simulation Fusion Lidar Synthetic aperture radar Specific absorption rate Rescue SAFETY ANALYSIS REPORTS simulating Fusion reactions Fusion, biological visibility Radar polarimetry Buildings ground truth

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Analysis of laser pulses for gaining surface features of urban objects

Analysis of laser pulses for gaining surface features of urb...

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GRSS/ISPRS Joint Workshop on Remote Sensing and Data Fusion over Urban Areas

作者： B. Jutzi U. Stilla FGAN-FOM Research Institute of Optronics and Pattern Recognition Ettlingen Germany

In this paper we describe investigations for a detailed analysis of laser pulses. Different techniques for measurement of time resolved laser pulses are presented. An experimental system for fast recording of signals was built up. For principal investigations a test board with urban materials was measured by single photon detection technique and visualized by a data cube. Based on this spatio-temporal data features are extracted to describe macro, meso, and micro structures. The pictures are depicted by gray value images. The limitation of an airborne system based on single photon detection is discussed.

关键词： Object recognition Urban areas Signal form analysis Pulsed laser radar object recognition urban area laser beams airborne systems surface features data cubes Laser Analysis Photon

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Propagation within boundary layers over sea at millimeterwaves and infrared wavelengths

Propagation within boundary layers over sea at millimeterwav...

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IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (IGARSS)

作者： H. Essen H.-H. Fuchs K. Stein Research Institute for High Frequency Physics and Radar Techniques (FGAN-FHR) Wachtberg Germany Research Institute for Optronics and Pattern Recognition Ettlingen Germany

Air-sea interaction processes in the marine boundary layer have a severe impact on the performance of infrared and radar sensors. Multispectral mm-wave/IR-sensors may exhibit complementary performance thus leading to a combined optimum performance. Propagation models have to be tested in order to cope with the varying environment and allow a performance prediction for sensors in different bands of the electromagnetic spectrum. To validate existing propagation models like TERPEM for radar and IRBLEM for IR performance and to compare IR and mm-wave propagation over the sea under various atmospheric conditions, joint experiments were conducted over transmission ranges well beyond the horizon, assisted by a careful environmental characterization. The paper describes the experimental approach and gives representative results for measurement and simulation.

关键词： Electromagnetic propagation Infrared sensors Radar Atmospheric modeling Predictive models Electromagnetic modeling Testing Electromagnetic spectrum Atmospheric measurements Sea measurements

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Utilization of lidar dem for SAR image analysis in dense urban areas

Utilization of lidar dem for SAR image analysis in dense urb...

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2002 International Symposium of ISPRS Commission III on Photogrammetric Computer Vision, PCV 2002

作者： Soergel, U. Thoennessen, U. Stilla, U. FGAN-FOM Research Institute for Optronics and Pattern Recognition Ettlingen76275 Germany

The increasing resolution of SAR data opens the possibility to utilise this data for scene interpretation in urban areas. Different SAR specific phenomena like foreshortening, layover, shadow and multipath-propagation burden the interpretation. For many urban areas detailed additional information is available which can support both the mission planning and the analysis of the acquired SAR data afterwards. In this paper a high resolution LIDAR DEM is incorporated to investigate the impact of the phenomena on the visibility of scene objects by a SAR measurement from a given sensor trajectory and orientation in an urban environment. This kind of ground truth is well suited for this task because it contains elevation information of every object in the scene. Shadow and layover areas are simulated by incoherent sampling of the DEM. By a variation of viewing and aspect angles a large number of such simulations are carried out. From this set of segmentations the n best are determined according to two example tasks, namely the analysis of objects on roads and the detection and reconstruction of buildings. The locations of the roads and the buildings are extracted from a GIS. © 2002 International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Synthetic aperture radar

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Probabilistic decisions in production nets: An example from vehicle recognition 9th

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Joint IAPR 9th International Workshop on Structural and Syntactic pattern recognition, SSPR 2002 and 4th International Workshop on Statistical Techniques in pattern recognition, SPR 2002

作者： Michaelsen, Eckart Stilla, Uwe FGAN-FOM Research Institute for Optronics and Pattern Recognition Gutleuthausstr. 1 Ettlingen76275 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)3540440119

A structural knowledge-based vehicle recognition method is modified yielding a new probabilistic foundation for the decisions. The method uses a pre-calculated set of hidden line projected views of articulated polyhedral models of the vehicles. Model view structures are set into correspondence with structures composed from edge lines in the image. The correspondence space is searched utilizing a 4D Houghtype accumulator. Probabilistic models of the background and the error in the measurements of the image structures lead to likelihood estimations that are used for the decision. The likelihood is propagated along the structure of the articulated model. The system is tested on a cluttered outdoor scene. To ensure any-time performance the recognition process is implemented in a data-driven production system. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2002.

关键词： Vehicles

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Fully 3D and joint 2D/3D segmentation of InSAR data over urban environments

Fully 3D and joint 2D/3D segmentation of InSAR data over urb...

引用

IEEE/ISPRS Joint Workshop on Remote Sensing and Data Fusion over Urban Areas, DFUA 2001

作者： Dell'Acqua, F. Gamba, P. Soergel, U. Thoennessen, U. Department of Electronics University of Pavia Italy FGAN-FOM Research Institute for Optronics and Pattern Recognition Ettlingen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0780370597

Reliable extraction of buildings from InSAR images is made tricky by the many disturbance factors that affect the measurement process, especially in urban areas where the proximity of many different buildings aggravates the problem of multiple reflections. In this paper we propose and discuss two different approaches to segmentation for building extraction. © 2001 IEEE.

关键词： Extraction

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Potential and limits of InSAR data for the reconstruction of buildings

Potential and limits of InSAR data for the reconstruction of...

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GRSS/ISPRS Joint Workshop on Remote Sensing and Data Fusion over Urban Areas

作者： U. Stilla U. Soergel U. Thoennessen Research Institute for Optronics and Pattern Recognition FGAN FOM Ettlingen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0780370597

The automatic reconstruction of buildings for the generation of city models is of great interest for different tasks. 3D information can be directly obtained from both, laser (LIDAR) and radar (InSAR) measurements. The data acquisition by SAR is described, with emphasis on the special properties of the interferometric SAR principle. A segmentation approach for building reconstruction is proposed. In the case of InSAR, special effects are taken into account, which are caused by the side-looking illumination. The estimation of the signal noise is considered in the segmentation process. Besides the elevation, the intensity information is exploited to detect building areas. The results show that building reconstruction is possible from InSAR, but the achievable level of detail cannot be compared with LIDAR. Inherent geometric constraints which limit the reconstruction of buildings from SAR data of dense urban areas are discussed.

关键词： Synthetic aperture radar interferometry Laser radar Cities and towns Urban areas Rough surfaces Surface roughness Surface topography Radar measurements Data acquisition Lighting

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