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2024 SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition, NAIC 2024

作者： Ridzuan, N. Gbonhinbor, J.R. Agi, A. Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology College of Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah Pahang Gambang Malaysia Department of Petroleum Engineering Niger Delta University Wilberforce Island Bayelsa State Amassoma Nigeria

ISBN: (纸本)9781959025474

Wax buildup is a worldwide concern in oil pipelines, spanning from subsea to processing facilities, leading to decreased oil production rates. An effective way to prevent the formation of solid wax mandates the use of chemical wax inhibitors. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were employed to investigate how poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (EVA) and sodium cloisite (Na+) nanoparticles (NPs) collaborate to inhibit wax formation. The simulations involved examining the behavior of EVA molecules, both with and without the incorporation of NPs, in conjunction with wax molecules. This investigation aimed to elucidate the intermolecular interactions, which influence wax formation and deformation, through radial distribution function (rdf) analysis. The outcomes revealed a substantial shift in the interaction between H59•••H60 in the EVA/NP and wax system, progressing from 2.75 Å in the pure wax system to 3.25 Å. This shift signifies the significant impact of wax inhibitors and nanoparticles in the tertiary system on wax-wax interactions. Consequently, the findings from the cold finger test corroborate that the EVA/NP blend results in the least wax deposition, which is further supported by the simulation results. In conclusion, the incorporation of nanoparticles with wax inhibitors emerges as an efficacious approach for mitigating wax deposition challenges within the oil and gas industry. Copyright © 2024, Society of Petroleum Engineers.

关键词： Gas industry

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Recovery of antioxidant from Decapterus Macarellus waste using wet rendering method

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2022年 57卷 1382-1388页

作者： Yusoh, Nurlaylatul Akmal Mohd Man, Rohaida Che Azman, Nurul Aini Mohd Shaarani, Shalyda Md Mudalip, Siti Kholijah Abdul Sulaiman, Siti Zubaidah Arshad, Zatul Iffah Mohd College of Engineering Universiti Malaysia Pahang Pahang Gambang 26300 Malaysia Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang Pahang Gambang 26300 Malaysia

In Malaysia, Decapterus Maruadsi is widely used as the main ingredient in food products such as ‘keropok lekor’ and fish cracker. The wastes generated from the fish snack industry are underutilized and most are discarded into the sea, generating considerable environmental pollution. The recovery of antioxidants in the fish wastes could lead to the development of a very exciting and promising alternative source of commercial antioxidant compounds. The objective of the present work is to investigate the effect of temperature, type of solvent, extraction time, and ratio of sample to solvent loading in the extraction of antioxidants from Decapterus Maruadsi waste using the wet rendering method. The collected fish waste of Decapterus Maruadsi was pre-treated and then subjected to a wet rendering treatment at 0–60 °C for 30–150 min with ratio of sample to solvent loading of between 1:10 and 9:10 (w/v). The presence of antioxidant in the extract was analyzed using 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Total Phenolic Compound (TPC) assays. Based on the results of this study, wet rendering treatment performed for 90 min at 30 °C with a ratio of sample to solvent loading of 3:10 produced an extract with the highest concentration of active antioxidant compounds. Besides, only N-Acetyl-glutamic acid was identified with LCMS QTOF analysis. These results suggest that the fish waste of Decapterus Maruadsi can be exploited to become a source of antioxidants for food and pharmaceutical applications. © 2022

关键词： Antioxidants

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Growth performance and mineral analysis of Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom) cultivated on spent mushroom medium mixed with rubber tree sawdust

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2022年 57卷 1329-1337页

作者： Ahmad Zakil, Fathie Mohd Isa, Raffizah Mohd Sueb, Mohd Shafiq Isha, Ruzinah College of Engineering Universiti Malaysia Pahang Pahang Gambang26300 Malaysia Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang Pahang Gambang26300 Malaysia

The objective of this paper is to study potential application of spent mushroom substrate (SMS) in production of Pleurotus ostreatus mushroom. A various mass ratio mixture of rubber sawdust (RS) and SMS with wheat bran supplement were prepared for mushroom cultivation. The mushroom house was kept at an optimal condition with temperature between 28 and 33 ℃ and humidity in the range between 80 and 95%. The results showed that the 50% SMS + 50% RS had a significantly higher of average total yield at 156.12 g/bag, biological efficiency (B.E) of 55.76% and required only 26 ± 2 days for mycelium growth in comparison to 100% RS, a control substrate. It is also found that potassium (K) was the most concentrated macroelement and all heavy metal concentrations were below the maximum permitted by WHO/FAO in the first fresh mushroom collected. Therefore, it can be proven that SMS can be a great solution to the disposal issue, and it can be an excellent medium for the cultivation of Pleurotus spp. when it is combined with the RS. © 2022

关键词： Substrates

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Formation mechanism and application potential of carbon dots synthesized from palm kernel shell via microwave assisted method

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Carbon Resources Conversion 2022年第2期5卷 150-166页

作者： Thivyah Balakrishnan Wei Lun Ang Ebrahim Mahmoudi Abdul Wahab Mohammad Nonni Soraya Sambudi Department of Chemical and Process Engineering Faculty of Engineering&Built EnvironmentUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 BangiSelangorMalaysia Centre for Sustainable Process Technology Faculty of Engineering&Built EnvironmentUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 BangiSelangorMalaysia Department of Chemical Engineering Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS32610 Seri IskandarPerakMalaysia

The present study systematically investigated the influence of synthesis conditions(duration,reaction medium,and doping concentration)and formation mechanism of carbon dots(CDs)derived from low-cost and abundant biomass palm kernel shell(PKS).Surprisingly,the dopant(urea)did not enhance the photoluminescence of CDs as expected,which could be attributed to the low reactivity between the dopant and PKS *** of synthesis duration from 30 to 120 s clearly indicated the formation mechanism of CDs,involving the stages of dehydration,carbonization,and *** CDs with the highest photoluminescent intensity and quantum yield was obtained at synthesis duration of 90 s,aligned well with the perfect spherical shape of CDs and the synergistic effects of both surface and carbogenic core *** the formation mechanism could be used to optimize the synthesis of CDs,and hence linked to quantum yield and fluorescent *** terms of application potential,the CDs illuminated well as fluorescent ink and in bacteria cells *** potential of CDs as sensing material has also been proven with the quenching of fluorescence in the presence of metal *** linear range for detection of Cu2+ions was 0.1–0.5 mM with a detection limit as low as 0.05 *** signifies the potential of CDs fabricated from PKS as a low-cost and easily available material for Cu2+ions detection in aqueous *** CDs possessed reasonable photo stability as indicated by its consistent fluorescence level even after exposure to UV radiation for a prolonged period of 180 ***,a simple,straightforward,and fast method is developed to synthesis strong blue emissive CDs from green PKS that are potentially suitable for Cu2+ions sensing in real application.

关键词： Carbon dots Microwave radiation Palm kernel shell Cell imaging Metal ions detection

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Pelletization of torrefied palm kernel shell by using different binding agents

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2022年 57卷 1116-1122页

作者： Sambeth, Sharwin Kumar Chang, Siaw Sang Samad, Noor Asma Fazli Abdul Saleh, Suriyati Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang Pahang Gambang26300 Malaysia College of Engineering Universiti Malaysia Pahang Pahang Gambang26300 Malaysia

Palm kernel shell (PKS) pellets are used as fuel for boilers due to their uniform shape and carbon content. However, the pellet's low mechanical properties can cause a high level of dust, increased fire explosions, and become health hazards to workers, which become challenging during transportation and storage. In this study, four types of binders, carboxymethylcellulose, lignin, starch, and glycerol, were used to improve the mechanical durability of torrefied PKS pellet. The PKS was torrefied at 250 ℃ for 30 min and pelletized at 130 ℃ and 12 MPa. The torrefied pellets were characterized according to their chemical and physical properties. Results indicate that the density of pellets using all binders achieved more than the standard value (600 kg/m3). Overall, the carboxymethylcellulose could be used as a suitable binder that gives the highest mechanical durability (4449 N), low ash content (4.2 wt%), and improved HHV (20.68 MJ/kg) compared to other binders for torrefied PKS pellets to be used as fuel for power generation. © 2021

关键词： Starch

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Effects of Heat Treatment on the Properties of SS440C for Blades Applications

Effects of Heat Treatment on the Properties of SS440C for Bl...

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Green Materials and Electronic Packaging Interconnect technology Symposium, EPITS 2022

作者： Adzali, Nur Maizatul Shima Salihin, Siti Khadijah Ahmad Zaidi, Nur Hidayah Industrial Chemical Process Programme Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Perlis Kampus UniCITI Sg. Chuchuh Padang Besar Perlis02100 Malaysia Materials Engineering Programme Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Perlis Jejawi Perlis Arau02600 Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9789811992667

SS440C steel is commonly used for knife blades, bearings, valve parts, and medical equipment. The composition of SS440C steels is designed to increase hardness especially in blade applications. The effect of quenching and tempering heat treatment on the properties of SS440C was investigated in this study. Quenching heat treatment is done at 1000 °C, followed by tempering at 150 and 500 °C in a muffle furnace. Microstructure of SS440C samples were studied using an optical microscope (OM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Properties of SS440C after heat treatment have been investigated using the Rockwell hardness test and tensile test. It was found that the sample quenched at 1000 °C (without temper) had the highest hardness with 58.4HRC, while the as-received annealed sample had 11.4HRC followed by sample tempered at 150 °C with 57.5HRC and 500 °C with 54.1HRC. Tensile testing reveals that quenching and tempering at 500 °C result in the highest maximum stress compared to other samples. Through optical microscopy observation, a sample tempered at 500 °C has larger size of carbide precipitate than sample that quenched and tempered at a 150 °C. Insufficient carbide dissolution or a more abrasive reaction is revealed by larger carbide sizes. In conclusion, SS440C temper at 500 °C reflects that it has better properties than the other. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Quenching

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Evaluation of antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase activities of surfactant and alcohol extracted Combretum Indicum leaves

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2024年 107卷 224-230页

作者： Tanesha Thanaseelan D. Nurul Hidayu Nurul Sahirah V.K. Rajaletchumy Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang 26300 Kuantan Pahang Malaysia

Combretum Indicum (CI), which contains numerous bioactive compounds, has been used in traditional medicine for a variety of reasons, including the treatment of skin conditions. This study investigates the antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase activities of CI leaves extracted using different surfactants (Triton X-100 and Vitamin E TPGS) at concentrations of 1%, 2%, and 3%, as well as various alcohol solvents (acetone, methanol, and ethanol) at concentrations of 50%, 70%, and 90%. The antioxidant activity of the extracts has been evaluated using Total Phenolic Content (TPC) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), while the anti-tyrosinase activity was assessed through a mushroom tyrosinase inhibition assay. Prior to analysis, CI leaves had been macerated, extracted, and freeze-dried. The research established that ethanol at a concentration of 50% is the optimum solvent to extract CI leaves, as it demonstrated good antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase action with a high percentage of yield and total phenolic content. As a result, the outcomes of this study contribute to a better understanding of the potential applications of CI leaf extract in cosmetics, notably in the treatment of oxidative stress and hyperpigmentation. Further study and development in this field could lead to the creation of effective and natural cosmetic products produced from CI leaves that have antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase effects.

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Evaluation of biofuel from the torrefaction of Malaysian food waste

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2024年 109卷 41-47页

作者： Rahsya Nur Udzaifa Abdul Rahman Ruwaida Abdul Rasid Yung Sheng Yong Mazni Ismail Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang 26300 Gambang Pahang Malaysia

The alarming issues related to the depletion of conventional fossil-based fuel resources have sparked interest in the search for alternative resources. Being a developing country facing tremendous growth, Malaysia is generating large amounts of food waste (FW). In this paper, an investigation of the potential of FW conversion to solid, coal-like fuel is carried out through torrefaction . The torrefaction process was carried out at temperatures between 260 and 320 °C and residence times of 15 to 45 min. The results showed that a higher torrefaction temperature leads to an increase in mass loss of the initial solid FW, which is also observed with increasing residence time. The loss of solid mass, nevertheless, increased the higher heating value (HHV) of the torrefied FW. A significant improvement was also observed in the volatile matter (VM) and moisture content (MC) of torrefied FW, which both decreased, while the carbon (C) content was increased. This suggests the improvement in the fuel properties of FW and its potential as a renewable energy source .

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Performances,mechanisms,and strategies for methane removal via gas biofiltration

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & engineering 2025年第5期19卷 141-162页

作者： Xin Wu Chunping Yang Yan Lin Xiang Li Shaohua Wu Piotr Rybarczyk Jacek Gebicki Academy of Environmental and Resource Sciences School of Environmental Science and EngineeringGuangdong University of Petrochemical TechnologyMaoming 525000China College of Urban and Environment Sciences Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Waste ResourcesHunan University of TechnologyZhuzhou 412007China College of Environmental Science and Engineering Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control(Hunan University)of Ministry of EducationChangsha 410082China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology Faculty of ChemistryGdansk University of TechnologyGdansk 80-233Poland

Control of methane emissions has attracted widespread attention in the context of worldwide efforts to alleviate the greenhouse ***,a green and cost-effective treatment process,has been widely used for the purification of ***,there is still a lack of comprehensive information on methane ***,the state-of-the-art development trends of methane removal via biofiltration were comprehensively reviewed and commented *** of all,this article reviewed the mechanisms of methane removal and the possible degradation pathways in ***,the removal characteristics of single methane,methane mixed with volatile organic compounds or gaseous inorganic compounds by biofiltration,were summarized and ***,the practical applications of methane biofiltration were summed up and some inspirations were ***,the effective measures to improve the performance of methane biofiltration were put forward,and corresponding insights and future research directions for methane biofiltration were *** article can provide references for the practical applications of methane biofiltration and the mitigation of greenhouse effects.

关键词： Biofilter Methane VOC Greenhouse effect Carbon reduction

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Innovations in bio-space architecture for climate change relief 74

Innovations in bio-space architecture for climate change rel...

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74th International Astronautical Congress, IAC 2023

作者： Dziadula, Wiktoria Borowska, Ewa Urbańska, Weronika Nowak, Bartosz Extremo Technologies LLC Wroclaw Poland Silesian Univeristy of Technology Faculty of Architecture Gliwice Poland Warsaw Poland Wroclaw University of Science and Technology Faculty of Environmental Engineering Wroclaw Poland Warsaw University of Technology Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Poland

Every government stresses the importance of using technologies to reduce carbon footprints. To make it facilitate we endeavour to create new tools which will be adapted to new changes in the environment, here on Earth and in Space. Thus, extreme microorganisms which can be used in new systems determine a new approach to developing the inner loop. The most important aspect of a closed-loop system will definitely be the purification of air, and water and producing additional oxygen. Microalgae from volcanic grounds reflect the accuracy of early Earth's surroundings, including the greenhouse effect with high levels of CO2 at that time. It makes them one of the most resistant organisms in a changing world. Extreme microorganisms and substances which they produce are used successfully in the innovative design of closed-loop *** red microalgae are the link between primary cyanobacteria and the first primitive eukaryotic cells that were subjected to the harsh conditions that prevailed on Earth during the formation of its atmosphere. They occur in various extreme volcanic environments. The majority of the research on red microalgae is focused on their photosynthesis due to their occurrence in extreme environmental conditions. It is distinguished from other eukaryotic organisms with numerous adaptive features to the changing environmental conditions in which they occur. Implementation of new technologies and convince to improvements for everyday life is not easy but pivotal in climate change actions. To create an innovative product, designed by an interdisciplinary team by a human-center design method that is easy to use, handy, maintenance-free, and designed neatly in an aesthetic, minimalistic way. Moreover allows for the production of oxygen and purifies the air inside interiors but is also a part of the interior design elements. That connects scientific innovations and an empathetic way of thinking based on human needs and perception. The closed-loop systems will

关键词： air bio-regenerative closed loop microalgae oxygen production

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