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Transmission of Electromagnetic Waves Through a Clay Material 1

32nd International Conference on Organization and Technology of Maintenance, OTO 2023

作者： Mandrić, Vanja Rupčić, Slavko Vinko, Davor Bilandžija, Domagoj Faculty of Electrical Engineering Computer Science and Information Technology Osijek Osijek Croatia

ISBN: (数字)9783031514944

ISBN: (纸本)9783031514937

This paper deals with the simulation calculation of transmission (S21) and reflection (S22) parameters in a material parametrically based on clay (brick). The electromagnetic parameters of the clay that are the subject of the study are: relative permittivity Εr, loss tangent tan δ and electrical conductivity σ, while the only structural parameter is the thickness d of the sample. The values of all considered parameters are within the range of data from available literature and values that could occur due to external causes (e. g. an increase in clay moisture leads to an increase in electrical conductivity). The simulation model was carried out with the software tool ANSYS HFSS and validated with a laboratory measurement model. The laboratory model consists of a circular waveguide with an inner diameter of 150 mm and a total length of 700 mm, which is excited by 52 mm long probes placed 50 mm from the last wall of the waveguide. The lower cut-off frequency of this measurement system is 1.173 GHz, so all results (simulation and measurement) are limited by this lower cut-off frequency of the waveguide. All simulation calculations were performed for three clay sample thicknesses: 18 mm, 36 mm and 54 mm. These calculations were made with the aim of determining brick composites that have high attenuation of electromagnetic EM waves (low transmission parameter and high reflection parameter) in order to reduce the strength of EM fields inside the object made of such bricks. The measured results were used to verify the simulation model. © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Circular waveguides

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Current Trends, Challenges and Techniques in XAI Field;A Tertiary Study of XAI Research 47

Current Trends, Challenges and Techniques in XAI Field;A Ter...

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47th ICT and Electronics Convention, MIPRO 2024

作者： Brdnik, Saša Šumak, Boštjan University Of Maribor Institute Of Informatics Faculty Of Electrical Engineering And Computer Science Slovenia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350382495

This tertiary systematic literature review examines 29 systematic literature reviews and surveys in Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) to uncover trends, limitations, and future directions. The study explores current explanation techniques, providing insights for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers interested in enhancing AI transparency. Notably, the increasing number of systematic literature reviews (SLRs) in XAI publications indicates a growing interest in the field. The review offers an annotated catalogue for human-computer interaction-focused XAI stakeholders, emphasising practitioner guidelines. Automated searches across ACM, IEEE, and science Direct databases identified SLRs published between 2019 and May 2023, covering diverse application domains and topics. While adhering to methodological guidelines, the SLRs often lack primary study quality assessments. The review highlights ongoing challenges and future opportunities related to XAI evaluation standardisation, its impact on users, and interdisciplinary research on ethics and GDPR aspects. The 29 SLRs, analysing over two thousand papers, include five directly relevant to practitioners. Additionally, references from the SLRs were analysed to compile a list of frequently cited papers, serving as recommended foundational readings for newcomers to the field. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Artificial intelligence

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Fast Analysis of Characteristic Modes Using Hybrid Integral Equation Methods

Fast Analysis of Characteristic Modes Using Hybrid Integral ...

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2024 International Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Symposium, ACES-China 2024

作者： He, Yusheng Shao, Hanru Ningbo University Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ningbo315211 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350355581

To expedite the characteristic mode analysis (CMA) of electromagnetic target structures, this paper combines frequency- and material-independent reactions (FMIR) with characteristic mode analysis using the volume-surface integral equation (VSIE). Although the CMA based on VSIE is not affected by spurious modes when calculating targets containing dielectric, its matrix is high dimensional, resulting in slower calculations. FMIR only needs to store the calculation once for matrices that are independent of frequency and material parameters, which greatly reduces the repetitive operations when calculating multi-frequency impedance matrices. Numerical results show that combining FMIR with the CMA using VSIE can effectively improve the computational speed. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Matrix algebra

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Design and Implementation of a Remote Controlled Emulator for Standalone PV Systems 16

Design and Implementation of a Remote Controlled Emulator fo...

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16th International Conference on Applied and Theoretical Electricity, ICATE 2024

作者： Calin Comsit, Andreea-Mihaela Cotfas, Daniel Tudor Cotfas, Petru Adrian Transylvania University of Brasov Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Brasov Romania

ISBN: (纸本)9798350388107

Immeasurable efforts have been put into strengthening energy security and reducing greenhouse gas emissions by meeting growing energy demand. With declining costs and increasing performance, the deployment of PV systems is growing faster. The focus is on standalone solar photovoltaic systems in rural areas or where grid extension is not feasible. Meteorological conditions impact the standalone PV system's behavior. To avoid critical situations during the PV system operation, it is necessary to implement preventive measures. A PV emulator helps to understand better the behavior of the standalone PV system in critical conditions. This paper presents an intelligent and low-cost PV emulator, with focus on behavior of Li-ion battery, which can be remotely monitored and controlled. The proposed PV emulator consists of: A power supply which has the same behavior as the PV panels, battery storage, consumers which are represented by a electronic load (eload) and remote control functions by using mobile applications. The PV emulator was tested and the behavior of battery was analyzed during the charging and discharging processes. It was determined the capacity of battery is influenced by the values of charging and discharging currents. The ambient temperature influences the internal temperature of Li-ion battery and the PV emulator was stopped when the temperature of Li-ion battery was greater than 53o C. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries

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Visual Programming Concept for Infineon XMC Series Microcontrollers 47

Visual Programming Concept for Infineon XMC Series Microcont...

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47th ICT and Electronics Convention, MIPRO 2024

作者： Vulić, Lukrecia Kaučić, Luka Aleksi, ivan Matić, Tomislav Computer Science And Information Technology Osijek Faculty Of Electrical Engineering Osijek Croatia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350382495

In today's modern world, efficient programming is a necessity. To speed up code generation nowadays, programming code is generated using different graphical tools. Although efficient, this technology is scarcely used in embedded system development. In this paper, we present a procedure for block-based visual programming with applications in embedded systems development. We present several examples of blocks using the Blockly open-source visual programming tool and test the implementation on selected Infineon XMC-based boards. The presented programming solution shows successful implementation of block-based visual programming in embedded systems development. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Embedded systems

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An Efficient Convolutional Neural Network Hardware IP for Epilepsy Detection 17

An Efficient Convolutional Neural Network Hardware IP for Ep...

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17th IEEE International Conference on Solid-State and Integrated Circuit Technology, ICSICT 2024

作者： Gong, Yi Zhang, Yuejun Tu, Jiangtao Zou, Rongxin Wen, Liang Ningbo University Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ningbo315211 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350361834

Epilepsy is a common neurological disease which is sudden and unpredictable. In response to the current problems of low efficiency and high false detection rate in epilepsy detection, this paper proposes an efficient convolutional neural network (CNN) hardware intellectual property (IP) design scheme for epilepsy detection. According to the epilepsy pathology, the oversampling technique is used to solve the sample imbalance. Filters out the noise by using band-pass filters, and improves the model by using Z-score normalization. Then, the structure of convolutional neural network is optimized to build an end-to-end network model and train the corresponding weights as well as biases. A single convolutional kernel is used to lighten the network model and reduce the parameters. The 22-channel EEG data are processed in a parallelized manner to fully extract the correlation between the channels. The 3-layer convolutional and max pooling module is designed by combining with pipelining technique. Validated on the CHB-MIT dataset, the epilepsy detection accuracy is reached 97.45%. Under TSMC 65 nm process, the IP core area is measured as 1.625 mm 2 , power consumption is measured as 4.225 mW, single detection delay is 0.01935 ms, and single detection energy consumption is 0.237 μJ/class. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Optimization of Cooperative RelayingMolecular Communications for Nanomedical Applications

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computer Modeling in engineering & sciences 2024年第2期138卷 1259-1275页

作者： Eman S.Attia Ashraf A.M.Khalaf Fathi E.Abd El-Samie Saied M.Abd El-atty Konstantinos A.Lizos Osama Alfarraj Heba M.El-Hoseny Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringMinia UniversityMinia61111Egypt Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityMenouf32952Egypt Department of Informatics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesUniversity of Oslo(UiO)OsloNorway Computer Science Department Community CollegeKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11437Saudi Arabia Department of Computer science The Higher Future Institute for Specialized Technological StudiesEl ShoroukEgypt

Recently,nano-systems based on molecular communications via diffusion(MCvD)have been implemented in a variety of nanomedical applications,most notably in targeted drug delivery system(TDDS)***,because the MCvD is unreliable and there exists molecular noise and inter symbol interference(ISI),cooperative nano-relays can acquire the reliability for drug delivery to targeted diseased cells,especially if the separation distance between the nano transmitter and nano receiver is *** this work,we propose an approach for optimizing the performance of the nano system using cooperative molecular communications with a nano relay scheme,while accounting for blood flow effects in terms of drift *** fractions of the molecular drug that should be allocated to the nano transmitter and nano relay positioning are computed using a collaborative optimization problem solved by theModified Central Force Optimization(MCFO)*** the previous work,the probability of bit error is expressed in a closed-form *** is used as an objective function to determine the optimal velocity of the drug molecules and the detection threshold at the nano *** simulation results show that the probability of bit error can be dramatically reduced by optimizing the drift velocity,detection threshold,location of the nano-relay in the proposed nano system,and molecular drug budget.

关键词： Nanomedical system molecular communication cooperative relay optimization

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Fast Simulation of Antenna Array with Parameters Variation

Fast Simulation of Antenna Array with Parameters Variation

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Computational Electromagnetics, ICCEM 2024

作者： Cheng, Xingkai Shao, Hanru Ningbo University Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ningbo315211 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350383317

In this work, we propose a hybrid method to fast solve the optimization of array located on the PEC carrier inside the dielectric radome with parameters variation. By constructing a reusable low-rank reduced-order model (ROM) for complex carriers, a large number of repeated calculations are reduced and the analysis cost of the antenna array is reduced when the position of array is modified. By combining of frequency-and material-independent response (FMIR), the sweep of media parameters and frequency can be accelerated. The tangential equivalence principle algorithm (T -EPA) is applied to solve the array problem, and the number of unknowns on the antenna array is transferred to the equivalent surface, which is easier for the iterative convergence of the matrix equation. Therefore, the number of unknowns and the analysis cost of the antenna array can be reducecd. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Antenna arrays

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Advanced Construction Materials Based on Concrete to Protect the Living Space from Non-Ionizing Radiation 1

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32nd International Conference on Organization and Technology of Maintenance, OTO 2023

作者： Mandrić, Vanja Rupčić, Slavko Vinko, Davor Dominković, ivica Faculty of Electrical Engineering Computer Science and Information Technology Osijek Osijek Croatia

ISBN: (数字)9783031514944

ISBN: (纸本)9783031514937

This paper presents measurements of the reflection and transmission coefficient of electromagnetic waves through concrete and two concrete-based composites: concrete with steel fibers and concrete with carbon fibers with the aim of enhancing the attenuation of electromagnetic waves passing through concrete and concrete composites. The frequency range for which the measurements were carried out extends from 30 MHz to 18 GHz and includes most of the existing stationary (and mobile) radiation EM sources in the environment in which the general population moves (FM, DVBT2, 2G - 5G mobile radio systems, stationary radar border area control systems). The measurement results show that as the thickness of the concrete increases, the transmission through concrete and concrete composites decreases (parameter S12 decreases). Furthermore, composites with carbon fibers partially reduce, while those with steel fibers significantly reduce, the transmission of EM waves through such composites. The reduction of parameter S12 by composites with steel is up to 52 dB (at a frequency of 2.9 GHz) for a block thickness of 100 mm. It is important to emphasize that in the case of composites with steel fibers, the influence of the fibers on the transmission parameters is more significant than the thickness of the sample. The reason for this is the increase in electrical conductivity of composites with steel fibers due to the increased proportion of conductive components in the concrete. © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Steel fibers

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Automated Waste Sorting: A Comprehensive Approach Using Deep Learning for Detection and Classification 32

Automated Waste Sorting: A Comprehensive Approach Using Deep...

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32nd Mediterranean Conference on Control and Automation, MED 2024

作者： Ogrezeanu, Iulian Alexandru Suciu, Constantin Itu, Lucian Mihai 'Transilvania' University of Brasov Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Brasov Romania

ISBN: (纸本)9798350395440

The increasing challenges associated with waste management necessitate advanced technologies to enhance the efficiency of recycling processes. In this work, we present a comprehensive study utilizing the WaRP (Waste Recycling Plant) dataset for waste detection and classification within an industrial waste sorting plant. The dataset is available on Kaggle, and it encompasses 28 recyclable waste categories, including plastic and glass bottles, cardboard, detergents, canisters, and cans. Notably, objects in the dataset exhibit complexities such as overlap, deformation, and varying lighting conditions. For the classification task, we leverage the WaRP-C dataset, consisting of cut-out image areas from the WaRP-D set with class labels. Employing diverse deep learning architectures, including CNN, Le-Net5, AlexNet, VGG16, Mobile-Net-v2, Inception, and DenseNet, we explore the efficacy of each of them in accurately classifying the waste. For the task of waste detection, we focus on the WaRP-D dataset, comprising images with full HD resolution. The YOLO v8 architecture is employed for its efficiency in detecting waste items in cluttered and complex scenes. The dataset includes 2452 training images and 522 test images, each annotated with bounding boxes for precise object localization. The integration of both classification and detection tasks contributes to a holistic approach in automating waste sorting processes, fostering advancements in sustainable waste management practices. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Deep learning

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