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arXiv 2024年

作者： Moskal, Pawel Czerwiński, Eryk Raj, Juhi Bass, Steven D. Beyene, Ermias Y. Chug, Neha Coussat, Aurélien Curceanu, Catalina Dadgar, Meysam Das, Manish Dulski, Kamil Gajos, Aleksander Gorgol, Marek Hiesmayr, Beatrix C. Jasińska, Bozena Kacprzak, Krzysztof Kaplanoglu, Tevfik Kaplon, Lukasz Klimaszewski, Konrad Konieczka, Pawel Korcyl, Grzegorz Kozik, Tomasz Krzemien, Wojciech Kumar, Deepak Moyo, Simbarashe Mryka, Wiktor Niedźwiecki, Szymon Parzych, Szymon del Río, Elena Pérez Raczyński, Lech Sharma, Sushil Choudhary, Shivani Shopa, Roman Y. Silarski, Michal Skurzok, Magdalena Stępien, Ewa L. Tanty, Pooja Ardebili, Faranak Tayefi Ardebili, Keyvan Tayefi Eliyan, Kavya Valsan Wiślicki, Wojciech Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics Jagiellonian University Kraków Poland Centre for Theranostics Jagiellonian University Kraków Poland Kitzbühel Centre for Physics Kitzbühel Austria INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati Frascati Italy Institute of Physics Maria Curie-Sklodowska University Lublin Poland Faculty of Physics University of Vienna Vienna Austria Department of Complex Systems National Centre for Nuclear Research Otwock-Świerk Poland Institute of Applied Computer Science Jagiellonian University Kraków Poland High Energy Physics Division National Centre for Nuclear Research Otwock-Świerk Poland

Discrete symmetries play an important role in particle physics with violation of CP connected to the matter-antimatter imbalance in the Universe. We report the most precise test of P, T and CP invariance in decays of ortho-positronium, performed with methodology involving polarization of photons from these decays. Positronium, the simplest bound state of an electron and positron, is of recent interest with discrepancies reported between measured hyperfine energy structure and theory at the level of 10−4 signaling a need for better understanding of the positronium system at this level. We test discrete symmetries using photon polarizations determined via Compton scattering in the dedicated J-PET tomograph on an event-by-event basis and without the need to control the spin of the positronium with an external magnetic field, in contrast to previous experiments. Our result is consistent with QED expectations at the level of 0.0007 and one standard deviation. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Photons

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Towards improving Alzheimer's intervention: a machine learning approach for biomarker detection through combining MEG and MRI pipelines

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Ahmad, Alwani Liyana Sanchez-Bornot, Jose Sotero, Roberto C. Coyle, Damien Idris, Zamzuri Faye, Ibrahima Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences Faculty of Science and Information Technology Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Perak Malaysia Department of Neurosciences Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia Kelantan Malaysia Brain and Behaviour Cluster School of Medical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia Kelantan Malaysia Intelligent Systems Research Centre School of Computing Engineering and Intelligent Systems Ulster University Magee campus Derry~Londonderry BT48 7JL United Kingdom Department of Radiology Hotchkiss Brain Institute University of Calgary CalgaryAB Canada The Bath Institute for the Augmented Human University of Bath BathBA2 7AY United Kingdom Department of Neurosciences School of Medical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia Kelantan Malaysia Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Perak Malaysia

Background: Magneto/eletro-encephalography (MEG/EEG) are non-invasive neuroimaging techniques that offer excellent temporal and spatial resolution that can be used to study brain functioning. It has been proven effective in research on dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD), where MEG/EEG analyses can identify changes in brain activity at various stages of AD progression, including preclinical and prodromal. Research has shown differences in the power spectrum properties among healthy controls (HC) and individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or AD. It has also been conjectured that MEG/EEG analyses have the capability to identify pathological changes before first clinical symptoms and may provide biomarkers for interventions designed to reverse or slow the progression of AD. Objective: To conduct a comprehensive analysis by evaluating the performance of various classification techniques using features extracted by following different MEG methodologies. This study will focus on selecting MEG-based biomarkers/features that enhance performance in distinguishing between healthy control (HC) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) participants from the BioFIND study. Furthermore, we will compare this with the effectiveness of using MRI-based anatomical features extracted from same participants, independently or in combination with the MEG features;thus, extending from previous study where similar analyses were performed using ADNI and OASIS-3 datasets. Methods: MEG and MRI data are obtained from the BioFIND dataset, comprising 324 participants with 158 individuals diagnosed as MCI and 166 HC. Sensor and source-based MEG analyses are performed using custom MATLAB code based on SPM12 and OSL toolboxes, for co-registration, preprocessing including filtering, and automatic artifact rejection. Source-based analyses were applied through different source localization methods as implemented in SPM12 and DAiSS toolboxes. We conducted analogous machine learning analyses on sen

关键词： Neurodegenerative diseases

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A resetting particle embedded in a viscoelastic bath

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Biswas, Arup Dubbeldam, Johan L.A. Sandev, Trifce Pal, Arnab The Institute of Mathematical Sciences CIT Campus Taramani Chennai600113 India Homi Bhabha National Institute Training School Complex Anushakti Nagar Mumbai400094 India Delft Institute of Applied Mathematics Delft University of Technology Delft2628 CD Netherlands Research Center for Computer Science and Information Technologies Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts Bul. Krste Misirkov 2 Skopje1000 Macedonia Institute of Physics Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Ss. Cyril and Methodius University Arhimedova 3 Skopje1000 Macedonia Department of Physics Korea University Seoul02841 Korea Republic of

We examine the behavior of a colloidal particle immersed in a viscoelastic bath undergoing stochastic resetting at a rate r. Microscopic probes suspended in viscoelastic environment do not follow the classical theory of Brownian motion. This is primarily because the memory from successive collisions between the medium particles and the probes does not necessarily decay instantly as opposed to the classical Langevin equation. To treat such a system one needs to incorporate the memory effects to the Langevin equation. The resulting equation formulated by Kubo, known as the Generalized Langevin equation (GLE), has been instrumental to describe the transport of particles in inhomogeneous or viscoelastic environments. The purpose of this work, henceforth, is to study the behavior of such a colloidal particle governed by the GLE under resetting dynamics. To this end, we extend the renewal formalism to compute the general expression for the position variance and the correlation function of the resetting particle driven by the environmental memory. These generic results are then illustrated for the prototypical example of the Jeffreys viscoelastic fluid model. In particular, we identify various timescales and intermittent plateaus in the transient phase before the system relaxes to the steady state;and further discuss the effect of resetting pertaining to these behaviors. Our results are supported by numerical simulations showing an excellent agreement. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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An Efficient Localization for Indoor Environment using Classification Algorithms

An Efficient Localization for Indoor Environment using Class...

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2020 International Conference on Computational science and Computational Intelligence, CSCI 2020

作者： Mulahuwaish, Aos Towne, Wyatt Ghafoor, Kayhan Zrar Maghdid, Halgurd S. Saginaw Valley State University Dept. of Computer Science and Information Systems Michigan United States Salahaddin University-Erbil Dep. of Software Engineering and Informatics Iraq Koya University Faculty of Engineering Dept. of Software Engineering Kurdistan Region-F.R. Iraq

ISBN: (纸本)9781728176246

The positioning accuracy of various kinds of devices is often calculated by using Wi-Fi fingerprints as a data source of Received Signal Strength (RSS). Through different matching algorithms, these RSS values are related to corresponding positioning coordinates for positioning estimation. In this paper, we compare two well known Machine Learning (ML) structures for calculating positioning accuracy: Recurrent Neural Network-Long Short-Term Memory (RNN-LSTM) and a Decision Tree (DT). Both matching algorithms run through a series of datasets in two parts. In the first part, the datasets contain raw, non-normalized RSS values. In the second part, the RSS values are all normalized to remove noise in the datasets. After extensive testing and simulations, the tests showed that as long as RSS values are first normalized, a Decision Tree offers better average positioning accuracy. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Decision trees

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An Efficient OTA firmware updating Architecture based on LoRa suitable for agricultural IoT Applications

An Efficient OTA firmware updating Architecture based on LoR...

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International Conference on Microelectronics, ICM

作者： Samy H. Sharf Rafaat Abd Elhamied Madonna K. Habib Ahmed H. Madian Faculty of Information Technology and Computer Science (ITCS) Nile University Giza Egypt Fares PCB for Electronic Solutions Cairo Egypt Misr University For Science and Technology Cairo Egypt Nanoelectronics Integrated Systems Center (NISC) Nile University Giza Egypt NCRRT Egyptian Atomic Energy Cairo Egypt

ISBN: (纸本)9781665408400

This paper proposes a reliable and efficient OTA firmware updating architecture, which utilizes LoRa technology for remotely distributing new firmware updates for agricultural IoT applications. The architecture is composed of ubiquitously connected hardware and software systems for completing the OTA firmware updating procedure. The software system is a developed desktop application that enables Ag-IoT operators to distribute firmware remotely. The hardware system is a firmware uploader circuit that receives firmware from the software system and programs the target device. The contribution of this paper is to integrate LoRa technology for OTA firmware distribution in low-power wide area networks of Agricultural IoT. This architecture solves the problem of distributing firmware updates in low-power wide-area networks. Since remote smart farms depend on low-power technologies for controlling and monitoring. A simulation is conducted using a desktop application for sending the firmware to the remote uploader circuit. Experimental work is carried on Microchip AVR ATmega8L low-power microcontroller board, and the studied results showed a technical match to the carried-on simulation.

关键词： Wireless communication Protocols computer architecture Software systems Hardware Software reliability Internet of Things

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OLSR+: A new routing method based on fuzzy logic in flying ad-hoc networks (FANETs)

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Vehicular Communications 2022年 36卷

作者： Rahmani, Amir Masoud Ali, Saqib Yousefpoor, Efat Yousefpoor, Mohammad Sadegh Javaheri, Danial Lalbakhsh, Pooia Hassan Ahmed, Omed Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi Lee, Sang-Woong Future Technology Research Center National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Yunlin Taiwan Department of Information Systems College of Economics and Political Science Sultan Qaboos University Al Khoudh Muscat Oman Department of Computer Engineering Dezful Branch Islamic Azad University Dezful Iran Department of Computer Engineering Chosun University Gwangju 61452 South Korea Department of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Faculty of Information Technology Monash University Clayton 3800 VIC Australia Department of Information Technology University of Human Development Sulaymaniyah Iraq Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning Lab Gachon University 1342 Seongnamdaero Sujeonggu Seongnam 13120 South Korea

Flying ad-hoc networks (FANETs) have many applications in military, industrial and agricultural areas. Due to specific features of FANETs, such as high-speed nodes, low density of nodes in the network, and rapid changes in the topology, most routing protocols designed for mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) or vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are not compatible with FANETs. In this paper, we propose a fuzzy logic-based routing approach called OLSR+ for FANETs. In this scheme, we seek to improve the optimized link state routing protocol (OLSR) so that it can efficiently be used in FANETs. OLSR+ includes four main phases: 1) Discovering neighboring nodes. In this phase, we propose a new and efficient technique for estimating the lifetime of the link between two unmanned ariel vehicles (UAVs) based on the link quality, distance, relative velocity, and movement direction. 2) Selecting multipoint relays (MPRs). In this phase, we present a fuzzy mechanism for selecting a set of MPR nodes. According to this mechanism, when a node has higher residual energy, higher link lifetime, and more neighborhood degree compared to others, it achieves more fitness to be selected as MPR. 3) Discovering the network topology. In this phase, we modify the format of the topology control (TC) message and add two fields, including route energy and route lifetime to this message. 4) Calculating the routing table. In OLSR+, we consider two parameters, including route energy and route lifetime, for establishing stable paths. Finally, we simulate OLSR+ using NS3 and compare its performance with two methods, namely greedy optimized link state routing (G-OLSR) and optimized link state routing (OLSR). The simulation results show that OLSR+ successfully reduces delay compared to G-OLSR and OLSR. In addition, it has higher packet delivery rate and throughput than others. Also, it improves energy consumption in the network. However, OLSR+ has more routing overhead than G-OLSR. © 2022 Elsevier Inc.

关键词： Artificial intelligence (AI) Flying ad hoc networks (FANETs) Fuzzy logic Routing Unmanned ariel vehicles (UAVs)

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Semantic-Preserving Adversarial Text Attacks

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Yang, Xinghao Liu, Weifeng Bailey, James Tao, Dacheng Liu, Wei School of Computer Science University of Technology Sydney 15 Broadway UltimoNSW2007 Australia Qingdao266580 China Department of Computing and Information Systems University of Melbourne Australia JD Explore Academy China Digital Science Institute Faculty of Engineering The University of Sydney DarlingtonNSW2008 Australia

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are known to be vulnerable to adversarial images, while their robustness in text classification is rarely studied. Several lines of text attack methods have been proposed in the literature, including character-level, word-level, and sentence-level attacks. However, it is still a challenge to minimize the number of word changes necessary to induce misclassification, while simultaneously ensuring lexical correctness, syntactic soundness, and semantic similarity. In this paper, we propose a Bigram and Unigram based adaptive Semantic Preservation Optimization (BU-SPO) method to examine the vulnerability of deep models. Our method has four major merits. Firstly, we propose to attack text documents not only at the unigram word level but also at the bigram level which better keeps semantics and avoids producing meaningless outputs. Secondly, we propose a hybrid method to replace the input words with options among both their synonyms candidates and sememe candidates, which greatly enriches the potential substitutions compared to only using synonyms. Thirdly, we design an optimization algorithm, i.e., Semantic Preservation Optimization (SPO), to determine the priority of word replacements, aiming to reduce the modification cost. Finally, we further improve the SPO with a semantic Filter (named SPOF) to find the adversarial example with the highest semantic similarity. We evaluate the effectiveness of our BU-SPO and BU-SPOF on IMDB, AG’s News, and Yahoo! Answers text datasets by attacking four popular DNNs models. Results show that our methods achieve the highest attack success rates and semantics rates by changing the smallest number of words compared with existing methods. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Semantics

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A Holistic Digital Twin Based on Semantic Web Technologies to Accelerate Digitalization 1st

A Holistic Digital Twin Based on Semantic Web Technologies t...

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1st European Advances in Digital Transformation Conference, EADTC 2018 and the 2nd European Advances in Digital Transformation Conference, EADTC 2019

作者： Moder, Patrick Ehm, Hans Jofer, Eva Am Campeon 1-15 Neubiberg85579 Germany Department of Mechanical Engineering Institute of Automation and Information Systems Technical University of Munich Boltzmannstr. 15 Garching85748 Germany Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt Esplanade 10 Ingolstadt85049 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783030486013

This proposed research is concerned with the development of a Semantic Web representation of supply chains deploying and manufacturing semiconductors. The so-called digital twin is a prototype for virtualizing the electronic component supplier (ECS) value chain, aiming for a holistic digitalization across the entire product life cycle. With its unique advantages, Semantic Web will contribute to overcoming current Big Data issues and to getting one step closer to smart factories. This includes enhanced smart collaboration between both business and project partners. Furthermore, it is shown in first business use cases how the developed ontology is supporting selected applications to manage data more efficiently and to build a comprehensive knowledge representation. © The Author(s) 2020.

关键词： Big data

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Loss Functions in Deep Learning: A Comprehensive Review

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Elharrouss, Omar Mahmood, Yasir Bechqito, Yassine Serhani, Mohamed Adel Badidi, Elarbi Riffi, Jamal Tairi, Hamid Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering College of Information Technology United Arab Emirates University United Arab Emirates Department of Information Systems College of Computing and Informatics University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Informatics Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University Fez Morocco

Loss functions are at the heart of deep learning, shaping how models learn and perform across diverse tasks. They are used to quantify the difference between predicted outputs and ground truth labels, guiding the optimization process to minimize errors. Selecting the right loss function is critical, as it directly impacts model convergence, generalization, and overall performance across various applications, from computer vision to time series forecasting. This paper presents a comprehensive review of loss functions, covering fundamental metrics like Mean Squared Error and Cross-Entropy to advanced functions such as Adversarial and Diffusion losses. We explore their mathematical foundations, impact on model training, and strategic selection for various applications, including computer vision (Discriminative and generative), tabular data prediction, and time series forecasting. For each of these categories, we discuss the most used loss functions in the recent advancements of deep learning techniques. Also, this review explore the historical evolution, computational efficiency, and ongoing challenges in loss function design, underlining the need for more adaptive and robust solutions. Emphasis is placed on complex scenarios involving multi-modal data, class imbalances, and real-world constraints. Finally, we identify key future directions, advocating for loss functions that enhance interpretability, scalability, and generalization, leading to more effective and resilient deep learning models. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Deep learning

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A generalization of Zakalyukin's lemma, and symmetries of surface singularities

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Honda, Atsufumi Naokawa, Kosuke Saji, Kentaro Umehara, Masaaki Yamada, Kotaro Department of Applied Mathematics Faculty of Engineering Yokohama National University 79-5 Tokiwadai Hodogaya Yokohama240-8501 Japan Department of Computer Science Faculty of Applied Information Science Hiroshima Institute of Technology 2-1-1 Miyake Saeki Hiroshima731-5193 Japan Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science Kobe University Rokko Kobe657-8501 Japan Department of Mathematical and Computing Sciences Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo152-8552 Japan Department of Mathematics Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo152-8551 Japan

Zakalyukin's lemma asserts that the coincidence of the images of two wave front germs implies the right equivalence of corresponding map germs under a certain genericity assumption. The purpose of this paper is to give an improvement of this lemma for frontals. Moreover, we give several applications for singularities on *** Codes 53A10, 53A35, 53C42, 33C05 Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Wavefronts

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