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arXiv 2023年

作者： Kumar, Anand Samaner, Çağlar Cholsuk, Chanaprom Matthes, Tjorben Paçal, Serkan Oyun, Yağız Zand, Ashkan Chapman, Robert J. Saerens, Grégoire Grange, Rachel Suwanna, Sujin Ateş, Serkan Vogl, Tobias Department of Computer Engineering School of Computation Information and Technology Technical University of Munich Munich80333 Germany Abbe Center of Photonics Institute of Applied Physics Friedrich Schiller University Jena Jena07745 Germany Department of Physics İzmir Institute of Technology İzmir35430 Turkey Department of Photonics İzmir Institute of Technology İzmir35430 Turkey Optical Nanomaterial Group Institute for Quantum Electronics Department of Physics ETH Zurich Zurich8093 Switzerland Optical and Quantum Physics Laboratory Department of Physics Faculty of Science Mahidol University Bangkok10400 Thailand

Quantum emitters in solid-state crystals have recently attracted a lot of attention due to their simple applicability in optical quantum technologies. The polarization of single photons generated by quantum emitters is one of the key parameters that play a crucial role in the applications, such as quantum computation that uses the indistinguishability of photons. However, the degree of single photon polarization is typically quantified using time-averaged photoluminescence intensity of single emitters, which provides limited information about the dipole properties in solids. In this work, we use single defects in hexagonal boron nitride and nanodiamond as efficient room-temperature single photon sources to reveal the origin and the temporal evolution of dipole orientation in solid-state quantum emitters. The angle of excitation and emission dipoles relative to the crystal axes are determined experimentally and then calculated using density functional theory, which results in characteristic angles for every specific defect that can be used as an efficient tool for defect identification and understanding their atomic structure. Moreover, the temporal polarization dynamics reveal a strongly modified linear polarization visibility that depends on the excited state decay time of individual excitation. This effect can be traced back potentially to the excitation of excess charges in the local crystal environment. Understanding such hidden time-dependent mechanisms can further be used to improve the performance of polarization-sensitive experiments, in particular that of quantum communication with single photon emitters. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Density functional theory

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New practical methods of analysis of second order curves on a plane 18

New practical methods of analysis of second order curves on ...

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18th Conference on applied Mathematics, APLIMAT 2019

作者： Matvejevs, Aleksandrs Dzenite, Ilona Department of Engineering Mathematics Institute of Applied Mathematics Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Riga Technical University 2 Daugavgrivas street RigaLV-1007 Latvia

ISBN: (纸本)9781510882140

In this work second order curves have been studied in all their diversity as they appear in applications. These curves have been examined without using the concept of rotation, a concept which is introduced artificially in textbooks in order to simplify the basic form of the canonical equations of these curves: a concept which is only used for inclined second order curves, and which is both intimidating and difficult for newly accepted university students. A new methodological approach based only on completing the perfect square has been proposed, and generalized formulas of equations for an ellipse, a hyperbola and a parabola have been obtained. The use of these formulas has been shown in particular examples of the study of several inclined second order curves, analyzing their basic characteristics and graphing. The new generalized formulas of ellipse and hyperbola equations seem absent in literature. © applied Mathematics, APLIMAT *** right reserved.

关键词： Mathematical education Second order curves Teaching methods

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Exact solution to two-body financial dealer model: revisited from the viewpoint of kinetic theory

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Kanazawa, Kiyoshi Takayasu, Hideki Takayasu, Misako Faculty of Engineering Information and Systems University of Tsukuba Tennodai Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8573 Japan JST PRESTO 4-1-8 Honcho Saitama Kawaguchi332-0012 Japan Sony Computer Science Laboratories 3-14-13 Higashi-Gotanda Shinagawa-ku Tokyo141-0022 Japan Institute of Innovative Research Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta-cho Midori-ku Yokohama226-8502 Japan

The two-body stochastic dealer model is revisited to provide an exact solution to the average order-book profile using the kinetic approach. The dealer model is a microscopic financial model where individual traders make decisions on limit-order prices stochastically and then reach agreements on transactions. In the literature, this model was solved for several cases: an exact solution for two-body traders N = 2 and a mean-field solution for many traders N 1. Remarkably, while kinetic theory plays a significant role in the mean-field analysis for N 1, its role is still elusive for the case of N = 2. In this paper, we revisit the two-body dealer model N = 2 to clarify the utility of the kinetic theory. We first derive the exact master-Liouville equations for the two-body dealer model by several methods. We next illustrate the physical picture of the master-Liouville equation from the viewpoint of the probability currents. The master-Liouville equations are then solved exactly to derive the order-book profile and the average transaction interval. Furthermore, we introduce a generalised two-body dealer model by incorporating interaction between traders via the market midprice and exactly solve the model within the kinetic framework. We finally confirm our exact solution by numerical simulations. This work provides a systematic mathematical basis for the econophysics model by developing better mathematical intuition. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Random processes

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Length Scales in Brownian yet Non-Gaussian Dynamics

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Physical Review X 2021年第3期11卷 031002-031002页

作者： José M. Miotto Simone Pigolotti Aleksei V. Chechkin Sándalo Roldán-Vargas Leiden Institute of Advanced Computer Science 2333 CA Leiden Netherlands Biological Complexity Unit Okinawa Institute for Science and Technology and Graduate University Onna Okinawa 904-0495 Japan Institute for Physics and Astronomy University of Potsdam 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany Akhiezer Institute for Theoretical Physics Kharkov 61108 Ukraine Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems 01187 Dresden Germany Department of Applied Physics Faculty of Sciences University of Granada 18071 Granada Spain

According to the classical theory of Brownian motion, the mean-squared displacement of diffusing particles evolves linearly with time, whereas the distribution of their displacements is Gaussian. However, recent experiments on mesoscopic particle systems have discovered Brownian yet non-Gaussian regimes where diffusion coexists with an exponential tail in the distribution of displacements. Here we show that, contrary to the present theoretical understanding, the length scale λ associated with this exponential distribution does not necessarily scale in a diffusive way. Simulations of Lennard-Jones systems reveal a behavior λ∼t1/3 in three dimensions and λ∼t1/2 in two dimensions. We propose a scaling theory based on the idea of hopping motion to explain this result. In contrast, simulations of a tetrahedral gelling system, where particles interact by a nonisotropic potential, yield a temperature-dependent scaling of λ. We interpret this behavior in terms of an intermittent hopping motion. Our findings link the Brownian yet non-Gaussian phenomenon with generic features of glassy dynamics and open new experimental perspectives on the class of molecular and supramolecular systems whose dynamics is ruled by rare events.

关键词： Brownian motion Collective behavior Diffusion Gels Glassy systems Liquids Extreme event statistics Molecular dynamics

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Machine Learning Approach for Identifying Anatomical Biomarkers of Early Mild Cognitive Impairment

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Ahmad, Alwani Liyana Sanchez-Bornot, Jose Sotero, Roberto C. Coyle, Damien Idris, Zamzuri Faye, Ibrahima Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences Faculty of Science and Information Technology Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Perak Malaysia Department of Neurosciences Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia Kelantan Malaysia Brain and Behaviour Cluster School of Medical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia Kelantan Malaysia Intelligent Systems Research Centre School of Computing Engineering and Intelligent Systems Ulster University Magee campus Derry LondonderryBT48 7JL United Kingdom Department of Radiology Hotchkiss Brain Institute University of Calgary CalgaryAB Canada The Bath Institute for the Augmented Human University of Bath BathBA2 7AY United Kingdom Department of Neurosciences School of Medical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia Kelantan Malaysia Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Perak Malaysia Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Perak32610 Malaysia

Background. Alzheimer's Disease (AD) represents a significant challenge in neurodegenerative disorders, necessitating early detection for effective intervention. Among neuroimaging methods, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is widely used because it is easy to apply in clinical practice and cost-effective, making it crucial for studying AD. Objective. This study aims to perform a comprehensive analysis of machine learning (ML) methods used in MRI-based biomarker selection and classification analysis. The goal is to study AD-related early cognitive decline by discriminating between healthy control (HC) participants who stayed stable and those unstable (uHC) who developed mild cognitive impairment (MCI) within five years. Methods. We utilized 3-Tesla (3T) MRI data from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroinformatic Initiative (ADNI) and the Open Access Series of Imaging Studies 3 (OASIS-3), focusing on HC and uHC. Freesurfer’s recon-all, among other tools, was used to extract MRI-based anatomical biomarkers corresponding to semi-automatic segmented subcortical and cortical brain regions. We applied various ML techniques to select features and classify the data. These included methods from preliminary analysis performed in the MATLAB Classification Learner (MCL) app and more sophisticated methods like nested cross-validation and Bayesian optimization implemented in a customized pipeline to enhance classification performance for balanced and imbalanced datasets. Our pipeline was applied to both original imbalanced and randomly balanced datasets within a Monte Carlo analysis. Moreover, we implemented data harmonization approaches based on polynomial regression that enhanced the performance of ML and statistical methods. Complementary performance metrics, such as Accuracy (Acc), area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AROC), F1 score, and Matthew’s correlation coefficient (MCC), were used to evaluate the assessed methodologies. Results. In feature selection analyses,

关键词： Neurodegenerative diseases

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Spatiotemporal Analysis of Nodding Syndrome in Northern Uganda 1990-2014

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Health 2020年第2期12卷 180-193页

作者： Kizito Ongaya Augustus Aturinde Mahdi Farnaghi Ali Mansourian Gilbert Maiga Benedict Oyo Emily Bagarukayo Department of Information Systems College of Computing and Information Sciences Makerere University Kampala Uganda GIS Center Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science Lund University Lund Sweden Department of Computer Science Faculty of Science Gulu University Gulu Uganda Department of Lands and Architectural Studies Kyambogo University Kampala Uganda.

The emergence of nodding syndrome (NS) in Northern Uganda has generated controversial views with respect to patterns, natural history, and aetiology of the disease which is yet unknown. This study explored spatial patterns of NS using spatial-temporal methods to establish its clustering patterns across both space and time. Village and year of NS onset for individual patients between the years 1990 and 2014 were entered as input for spatial and temporal analysis in the 6 districts in northern Uganda where it is prevalent. Our temporal results showed that NS onset started before the population was moved in Internally Displaced People’s (IDPs) camps. It also shows that NS continued to be reported during the IDPs and after people had left the IDPs. Our spatial and spatiotemporal analysis showed that two periods had persistent NS clusters. These were 2000-2004 and 2010-2014, coinciding with the period when the population was in the IDP camps and when the population was already out of the camps, respectively. Our conclusion is that the view of associating NS outbreak with living conditions in IDP camps is thus coincidental. We, therefore, contend that the actual aetiological factor of NS is still at large.

关键词： Nodding Syndrome Spatiotemporal Spatial Analysis Northern Uganda

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Modelling smart energy consumption with hybrid demand management in off-grid electrical system considering techno-economic indices

Science and Technology for Energy Transition (STET)

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science and Technology for Energy Transition (STET) 2024年第1期79卷

作者： Rui-Ming, Fang Liao, Qiangqiang Askar, Shavan Pallathadka, Harikumar Sapaev, I.B. Baldaniya, Lalji Chahar, Mamata Saini, Suman Kapila, Ish Jewahery, Hassan Farhan, Mohsen Aued Mohmmedi, M. Information Systems Engineering Department Erbil Technical Engineering College Erbil Polytechnic University Erbil Iraq Manipur International University Manipur Imphal India Department Physics and Chemistry Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers Institute National Research University Tashkent Uzbekistan Scientific Researcher University of Tashkent for Applied Sciences Str. Gavhar 1 Tashkent100149 Uzbekistan Scientific Researcher Western Caspian University Baku Azerbaijan Marwadi University Research Centre Department of Pharmacy Faculty of Health Science Marwadi University Gujarat Rajkot360003 India Deparment of Chemistry NIMS Institute of Engineering & Technology NIMS University Rajasthan Jaipur India Department of Applied Sciences Chandigarh Engineering College Chandigarh Group of Colleges Mohali Punjab Jhanjeri140307 India Centre for Research Imapct & Outcome Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara University Punjab Rajpura140401 India Department of Computer Techniques Engineering College of Technical Engineering The Islamic University Najaf Iraq Department of Computer Techniques Engineering College of Technical Engineering The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah Al Diwaniyah Iraq Department of Computer Techniques Engineering College of Technical Engineering The Islamic University of Babylon Babylon Iraq Department of Management Al-Nisour University College Nisour Seq. Karkh Baghdad Iraq Department of Electrical Engineering Islamic Azad University Branch of Central Tehran Tehran Iran

This study proposes day-ahead power scheduling for electrical systems in off-grid mode, emphasizing consumer involvement. Bi-Demand Side Management (DSM) approaches like strategic conversion and demand shifting are proposed for consumer involvement. Multiple objectives are modelled to voltage profile improvement and reduce the operation energy cost. The non-dominated solutions of the voltage of buses and operation energy cost are generated by enhanced epsilon-constraint technique, simultaneously. The General Algebraic Modeling System (GAMS) software is proposed for solving optimization problems. A combination of decision-making methods like weight sum and fuzzy procedures are implemented for finding optimal solution non-dominated solutions. The proposed method's effectiveness is confirmed through numerical simulations carried out on several case studies that utilize the 33-bus electrical system. The findings illustrate the substantial effectiveness of demand-side participation in improving power dispatch and the optimal rate of multiple objectives. By using DSM, operation cost is reduced by 21.58% and the voltage index is improved by 13.36% than the lack of implementing DSM. © The Author(s), published by EDP sciences, 2024.

关键词： Demand response

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Inductive programming as approach to comprehensible machine learning 7

Inductive programming as approach to comprehensible machine ...

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7th Workshop on Dynamics of Knowledge and Belief and the 6th Workshop KI and Kognition, DKB-KIK 2018

作者： Schmid, Ute Faculty Information Systems and Applied Computer Science University of Bamberg Bamberg96045 Germany

In the early days of machine learning, Donald Michie introduced two orthogonal dimensions to evaluate performance of machine learning approaches - predictive accuracy and comprehensibility of the learned hypotheses. Later definitions narrowed the focus to measures of accuracy. As a consequence, statistical/neuronal approaches have been favoured over symbolic approaches to machine learning, such as inductive logic programming (ILP). Recently, the importance of comprehensibility has been rediscovered under the slogan 'explainable AI'. This is due to the growing interest in black-box deep learning approaches in many application domains where it is crucial that system decisions are transparent and comprehensible and in consequence trustworthy. I will give a short history of machine learning research followed by a presentation of two specific approaches of symbolic machine learning - inductive logic programming and end-user programming. Furthermore, I will present current work on explanation generation. © 2018 CEUR-WS. All Rights Reserved.

关键词： computer circuits

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Ransomware: A framework for security challenges in internet of things 2

Ransomware: A framework for security challenges in internet ...

引用

2nd International Conference on computer and information sciences, ICCIS 2020

作者： Saeed, Soobia Jhanjhi, N.Z. Naqvi, Mehmood Humayun, Mamoona Ahmed, Shakeel Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Dept. of Software Engineering Malaysia Taylor's University Selangor Malaysia Faculty of Engineering Technology Mohawk College Canada Jouf University Dept. of Information Systems Al-Jouf Saudi Arabia King Faisal University Dept. of Computer Science Al-Hofuf Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (数字)9781728154671

ISBN: (纸本)9781728154671

With the increasing volume of smartphones, computers, and sensors in the Internet of Things (IoT) model, enhancing security and preventing ransom attacks have become a major concern. Traditional security mechanisms are no longer applicable due to the involvement of devices with limited resources, which require more computing power and resources. Ransomware is comparatively a new and cruel malware in cyberspace with higher rates of attacks around the world. Ransomware could encrypt entire data to make users unable to access their files and important information. In some cases, the system has been hostage completely by the hackers, and the user may receive a demand for ransom money using different resources o access of his/her own data/system. One of the problems associated with the Internet of Things is how to keep your smartphones secure and keep your data safe as most of the antivirus solutions are not useful in this case. This research concludes the impact of ransomware on the IoT, malware processes, and work on detecting and monitoring smartphone infections. The paper also discusses ransomware awareness to end-user with strategy to defeat it. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Smartphones

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Designing a virtual reality system for clinical education and examination

Computers and Education: X Reality

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computers and Education: X Reality 2024年 5卷

作者： Akinwale, Olawale Babatunde Abiona, Olatunde Oluwatope, Ayodeji Oludola Otuyemi, Olayinka Donald Ijarotimi, Omotade Adebimpe Olubusola Komolafe, Abiola Aregbesola, Stephen Babatunde Kolawole, Babatope Ayodeji Adetutu, Olufemi Mayowa Agunbiade, Ojo Melvin Ayinde, Adeboye Titus Idowu, Lanre Okunola, Oluseye Ademola Adediwura, Alaba Adeyemi Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Faculty of Technology Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife 220005 Nigeria Computer Information Systems Department College of Arts and Sciences Indiana University Northwest 3400 Broadway Gary 46408 IN United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife 220005 Nigeria Department of Child Dental Health Faculty of Dentistry College of Health Sciences Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife 220005 Nigeria Department of Obstetrics Gynaecology and Perinatology Faculty of Clinical Sciences College of Health Sciences Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife 220005 Nigeria Department of Nursing Science Faculty of Basic Medical Science College of Health Sciences Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife 220005 Nigeria Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Faculty of Dentistry College of Health Sciences Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife 220005 Nigeria Department of Medicine Faculty of Clinical Sciences College of Health Sciences Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife 220005 Nigeria Department of Dept. of Demography and Social Statistics Faculty of Social Sciences Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife 220005 Nigeria Department of Sociology and Anthropology Faculty of Social Sciences Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife 220005 Nigeria Department of Psychology Faculty of Social Sciences Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife 220005 Nigeria Department of Educational Technology and Library Studies Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife 220005 Nigeria Department of Educational Foundation and Counselling Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife 220005 Nigeria

The COVID-19 pandemic clearly showed how much medical and clinical students’ education relied on physical instruction and examination. The work presented here was born by the fact that medical and clinical education had to be suspended during the social distancing phase of the pandemic. This work presents the lessons learned from creating a virtual reality system (VTRACS) for educating and assessing clinical students on a limited budget. Our work showed that clinical education could be done in a virtual space with a minimal virtual reality setup and a low-cost virtual reality headset. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Clinical education Haptic feedback Low-cost Medical education Virtual reality

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