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Quantification of Honey Adulteration Using a Planar Microstrip Metamaterial-Motivated Sensor and Software-Defined Radio

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IEEE Sensors Journal 2025年

作者： Hasar, Ugur C. Hasar, Hafize Kaya, Yunus Ozturk, Hamdullah Korkmaz, Huseyin Kosunalp, Selahattin Iliev, Teodor Islam, Mohammad Tariqul Nayyeri, Vahid Ramahi, Omar Mustafa Gaziantep University Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Gaziantep27310 Turkey Directorate of Provincial Agriculture and Forestry Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry of the Republic of Turkey Gaziantep Turkey Bayburt University Department of Electronics and Automation Bayburt69010 Turkey Gaziantep Islam Science and Technology University Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Gaziantep27010 Turkey Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University Department of Computer Technologies Bandırma10200 Turkey University of Ruse "Angel Kanchev" Department of Telecommunication Ruse7017 Bulgaria Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment Department of Electrical Electronic and Systems Engineering Bangi43600 Malaysia Iran University of Science and Technology School of Advanced Technologies Tehran*** Iran University of Waterloo Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering ON WaterlooN2L 3G1 Canada

This work presents the application of a planar microstrip metamaterial (MM)- motivated sensor in the form of a split-ring resonator (SRR) for the detection and quantification of water adulteration in honey samples. The proposed sensor utilizes inexpensive software-defined radio (SDR) measurements, offering a cost-effective solution. Unlike previous MM sensors employing SRR configuration, our proposed MM-motivated sensor is integrated with a microstrip feedline and an additional vertical bar, enhancing its sensing capability. To enable accurate measurements, a simple calibration procedure based on baseline normalization is implemented, allowing for amplitude-only transmission measurements (|S21|) using the SDR. A special sample holder was designed to increase repeatability of measurements. We separately employ two post-processing techniques, namely the rolling average (RA) approach and the Savitzky-Golay (SG) filter, to effectively eliminate ripples in the measured |S21| data obtained from the SDR. For validation and evaluation of the proposed sensor and post-processing techniques, measurements of flower honey samples with water adulteration levels (δ) up to 10% (mass-to-mass basis) were also performed using a vector network analyzer. The resonance frequency of |S21| is utilized as the basis for analysis. We establish a metric function (linear function) that correlates the shift in resonance frequency with the δ. It is observed that this function fits to measured resonance frequency values with an R2 value greater than 0.96 for both post-processing techniques with or without the sample holder. By inverting this function, we can predict δ with considerable accuracy for a given resonance frequency by using another linear function. It is observed that percentage variations between predicted and measured δ values are between 1.54% and 6.46% for testing samples with δ = 5% and δ = 7%. © 2001-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Adulteration honey metamaterials microwaves planar structures rolling average Savitzky-Golay filter sensors water

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Grey Box Non-Recursive System Identification for a Third Order Electro-Hydraulic Actuator System: From Simulation to Practical Approaches

Grey Box Non-Recursive System Identification for a Third Ord...

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International Colloquium on Signal Processing & Its Applications, CSPA

作者： Chong Chee Soon Rozaimi Ghazali Muhamad Fadli Ghani Siaw-Hong Liew Howe Cheng Teng Nur Farhanah Zulkipli Chong You Beh Mohd Saidi Hanaffi Department of Engineering and Built Environment Tunku Abdul Rahman University of Management and Technology (TAR UMT) Penang Branch Campus Pulau Pinang Malaysia Centre for Robotics and Industrial Automation Fakulti Teknologi dan Kejuruteraan Elektrik Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) Melaka Malaysia Malaysian Institute of Marine Engineering Technology (MIMET) Universiti Kuala Lumpur Perak Malaysia Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS) Kota Samarahan Sarawak Malaysia

ISBN: (数字)9798350382310

ISBN: (纸本)9798350382327

engineering systems heavily rely on mathematical modeling, significantly influencing both system performance and the design of control systems. This paper thoroughly investigates the establishment of a third-order mathematical model for heavy machinery systems, with a specific emphasis on the ElectroHydraulic Actuator (EHA) system. The formulation of a double-acting EHA system model using a grey box system identification approach is outlined, encompassing the system’s dynamics and behavior. In addition, the details of the EHA system experimental setup that is used for system identification are described. The identification process demonstrates promising performance, achieving an impressive accuracy of 89.1%, as highlighted in the results and discussion sections.

关键词： Actuators System performance Transfer functions Mathematical models Data models System identification Object recognition

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PoW-Based Sybil Attack Resistant Model for P2P Reputation Systems 2nd

PoW-Based Sybil Attack Resistant Model for P2P Reputation Sy...

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2nd International Conference on Blockchain and Trustworthy Systems, Blocksys 2020

作者： Li, Biaoqi Fu, Xiaodong Yue, Kun Liu, Li Liu, Lijun Feng, Yong Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Technology Application Kunming650500 China Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming650500 China School of Information Science and Engineering Yunnan University Kunming650091 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789811592126

Peer-to-peer and other distributed systems are known particularly vulnerable to Sybil attack, so is P2P reputation systems. Reputation helps users to make better decisions in P2P systems, but Sybil attacker can obtain multiple identities and pretends to be multiple. It can control more than "one vote" to let others’ reputation change just as the attacker wants. This paper presents a Sybil attacker resistant model for P2P reputation systems by introducing multiple rounds of PoW (Proof-of-Work) verification and dynamic difficulty adjustment. A savvy attacker usually doesn’t carry out attacks without positive returns, so we minimize the expected profit of attackers through the using of puzzles. The costs and benefits are quantified as effectiveness in our model. We explore the effectiveness in two types of comparison, one is in dynamic or static difficulty adjustment, the other is executing once or multiple rounds of verification, and show the effectiveness of our model both analytically and experimentally. © 2020, Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Peer to peer networks

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Introducing Shape Prior Module in Diffusion Model for Medical Image Segmentation

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Zhang, Zhiqing Fan, Guojia Liu, Tianyong Li, Nan Liu, Yuyang Liu, Ziyu Dong, Canwei Zhou, Shoujun Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen China Shenzhen China College Of Geosciences Northeast Petroleum University Shenzhen China Department of Computer Science City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen China Shenyang Institute of Automation University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen China Faculty of Science and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Nottingham Ningbo China Ningbo China

Medical image segmentation is critical for diagnosing and treating spinal disorders. However, the presence of high noise, ambiguity, and uncertainty makes this task highly challenging. Factors such as unclear anatomical boundaries, interclass similarities, and irrational annotations contribute to this challenge. Achieving both accurate and diverse segmentation templates is essential to support radiologists in clinical practice. In recent years, denoising diffusion probabilistic modeling (DDPM) has emerged as a prominent research topic in computer vision. It has demonstrated effectiveness in various vision tasks, including image deblurring, super-resolution, anomaly detection, and even semantic representation generation at the pixel level. Despite the robustness of existing diffusion models in visual generation tasks, they still struggle with discrete masks and their various effects. To address the need for accurate and diverse spine medical image segmentation templates, we propose an end-to-end framework called VerseDiff-UNet, which leverages the denoising diffusion probabilistic model (DDPM). Our approach integrates the diffusion model into a standard U-shaped architecture. At each step, we combine the noise-added image with the labeled mask to guide the diffusion direction accurately towards the target region. Furthermore, to capture specific anatomical a priori information in medical images, we incorporate a shape a priori module. This module efficiently extracts structural semantic information from the input spine images. We evaluate our method on a single dataset of spine images acquired through X-ray imaging. Our results demonstrate that VerseDiff-UNet significantly outperforms other state-of-the-art methods in terms of accuracy while preserving the natural features and variations of anatomy. The generality and validity of our proposed model are confirmed through extensive experiments. By enabling more precise segmentation of anatomical structures, our framewo

关键词： Anomaly detection

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Energy-Saving Practice of Variable Frequency Drive Technology in Data Center HVAC System

Energy-Saving Practice of Variable Frequency Drive Technolog...

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International Conference on Power and Energy Technology (ICPET)

作者： Chuanxian Ai Jinpeng Yang Rui Chen Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation Kunming University of Science and Technology Yunnan Branch The National Computer Network Emergency Response Technical Team/Coordination Center of China Kunming China Power Dispatch Control Center Guizhou Power Grid Co. Ltd. China Southern Power Grid Co. Ltd Guiyang China

The variable-frequency drive technology (VFD) can modify the motor speed or torque by varying the frequency and voltage of the AC motor input power according to the load demand as a way to save energy. To analyse the energy saving effect of variable-frequency drive technology applied to data centre heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, this paper applies VFD technology to data centre fluorine pump-compressor composite air conditioning systems, implements monitoring and analysis of the operational energy efficiency of this system before and after retrofit, and combines the actual application of this technology. The findings indicate that the VFD technology can substantially reduce the number of compressor starts and stops, reduce the compressor start-up inrush current, and improve the power system’s stability. Furthermore, utilising this technology, the HVAC system can effectively synchronise with the load and fluctuations in outdoor temperature and humidity, resulting in accurate temperature regulation and optimal utilisation of outdoor cooling resources. This approach can lead to significant energy conservation of up to 42.95% when compared to extreme hot and cold weather conditions. The findings of the study indicate that the utilisation of VFD technology exhibits commendable adaptability and yields favourable outcomes in regions with varying temperature ranges. The minimum PUE value recorded was 1.228.

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Design and application of a LiNbO 3 reflective power-frequency intensive electric field sensors

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Sensors and Actuators A: Physical 2025年 393卷

作者： Shaoqi He Jiahong Zhang Jing Zhang Yingna Li Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650500 China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Computer Technology Applications Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650500 China

A sensor with distinct reflected light paths, based on the Pockels Effect in LiNbO₃ crystals, has been developed to measure electric fields in the power-frequency range. The performance of the sensor is tested through experiments, and it is evident from the results that it has a sensitivity of 2.2 mV/(kV/m) and a linear measurement range from 0.045 kV/m to 171.32 kV/m. When electric fields of 27.95 kV/m, 40.46 kV/m, and 56.92 kV/m are applied with the electric field direction parallel to the x -axis, and the sensor is rotated around the x -axis by 360° in the yoz plane, the sensor system outputs are 6.6 mV, 5.3 mV, and 8.4 mV, respectively. In contrast, when the electric field direction is parallel to the y -axis, the sensor system outputs are 47.27 mV, 70.14 mV, and 97.61 mV, respectively, which results in that the sensor as better unidirectivity. Finally, an experimental system is constructed, and the developed sensor is used to measure both axial and radial electric field distributions across the surface of a high-voltage composite insulator rated at 10 kV. The resulting electric field distribution is approximately " U "-shaped.

关键词： Electric field measurement

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Reinforcement learning based optimal control for constrained nonlinear system via a novel state-dependent transformation

Research Square

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Research Square 2021年

作者： Yan, Lei Liu, Zhi Chen, C.L. Philip Zhang, Yun Wu, Zongze School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology Guangdong Guangzhou China Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangdong Guangzhou510006 China

This paper focus on developing an optimal controller for the strict-feedback nonlinear systems with or without asymmetric time-varying full state constraints. A novel nonlinear state-dependent transformation function is presented, by which the strict-feedback nonlinear systems with state constraints is transformed into a new strict-feedback where the state constraints is implicit in. Optimized backstepping technique is utilized to develop the optimal controller for the new strict-feedback system to track the desired reference signal without the feasibility conditions. Reinforcement learning (RL) is exploited to implement the optimal control in every step, where identifier, critic and action network are used to estimate the unknown system dynamics and generate the control output, respectively. It is theoretically proved that all the signals in the close loop system are bounded and the proposed optimal controller can track the desired signal with or without time-varying asymmetric full state constraints. Two simulation examples are presented demonstrating the efficacy of the proposed scheme. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Decentralized Peer-to-Peer Energy Trading for Prosumers Considering Demand Response Program

Decentralized Peer-to-Peer Energy Trading for Prosumers Cons...

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Smart Grid Conference (SGC)

作者： Mohammad Seyfi Mehdi Mehdinejad Behnam Mohammad-Ivatloo Heidarali Shayanfar Center of Excellence for Power Systems Automation and Operation School of Electrical Engineering Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran Iran Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tabriz Tabriz Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9781665401661

In this paper, the peer-to-peer energy trading is performed between prosumers with energy surplus in the role of seller and prosumers with energy shortage in the role of buyer. In the proposed model, buyers, in addition to participating in local trading, can supply their demand shortage from the upstream market. These players can also participate in a price-based demand response program in a fully decentralized way to manage their energy and increase their welfare. The proposed problem is a fully decentralized problem that requires a decentralized approach to clear. In this paper, the decentralized alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) is used to solve the proposed problem. Numerical studies have been performed on a small distribution system with four sellers and three buyers. Numerical results show that the proposed model is a fully decentralized method, and the proposed approach ensures the convergence of negotiations and trading.

关键词： Demand response Convex functions Peer-to-peer computing Smart grids Numerical models Optimization Convergence

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Image cryptography algorithm based on a new composite chaotic system and Latin square collaborative mechanism

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Optics and Lasers in engineering 2025年 193卷

作者： Anhong Tian Zhongze Yue Chengbiao Fu Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650500 China Faculty of Land Resource Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650093 China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Computer Technologies Application Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650500 China

Encryption algorithms based on chaos theory have become a prominent research focus in the field of information security. However, existing chaotic systems exhibit several limitations, including discontinuous chaotic intervals, low complexity of chaotic signals, and insufficient robustness in their dynamical behavior. These deficiencies pose potential risks to the application of chaotic cryptography. To address these issues, this paper proposes a universal two-dimensional composite hyperchaotic system model (2D-CHS). Through rigorous theoretical analysis, it is demonstrated that the number of positive Lyapunov exponents ( LEs ) in 2D-CHS is always equal to its dimensionality, indicating the existence of infinitely many coexisting attractors and strong robustness against dynamical degradation. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed 2D-CHS, three one-dimensional chaotic maps are first employed as seed maps to construct three 2D chaotic mappings as representative examples. Evaluation and experimental results demonstrate that the newly generated chaotic maps exhibit broader and more continuous chaotic intervals than traditional chaotic maps, and they also outperform existing systems in terms of LEs , the 0–1 t est, sample entropy ( SE ), permutation entropy ( PE ), and correlation dimension ( CD ). Furthermore, a digital circuit implementation scheme based on a microcontroller is designed to verify the practical feasibility and physical realizability of the proposed system. Finally, the novel 2D chaotic system is integrated with Latin square matrices to develop a high-efficiency image encryption algorithm. Experimental results confirm that the algorithm demonstrates excellent efficiency and security performance.

关键词： Lyapunov functions

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On the Design of Secured and Reliable Dynamic Access Control Scheme of Patient E-Healthcare Records in Cloud Environment

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Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2022年第0期2022卷 3804553页

作者： Zala, Kirtirajsinh Thakkar, Hiren Kumar Jadeja, Rajendrasinh Dholakia, Neel H. Kotecha, Ketan Jain, Deepak Kumar Shukla, Madhu Department of Computer Engineering Marwadi University Gujarat Rajkot360006 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering School of Technology Pandit Deendayal Energy University Gujarat Gandhinagar382007 India Faculty of Technology Marwadi University Gujarat Rajkot360006 India University Pune India Key Laboratory of Intelligent Air-Ground Cooperative Control for Universities in Chongqing College of Automation Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Chongqing China

Traditional healthcare services have changed into modern ones in which doctors can diagnose patients from a distance. All stakeholders, including patients, ward boy, life insurance agents, physicians, and others, have easy access to patients' medical records due to cloud computing. The cloud's services are very cost-effective and scalable, and provide various mobile access options for a patient's electronic health records (EHRs). EHR privacy and security are critical concerns despite the many benefits of the cloud. Patient health information is extremely sensitive and important, and sending it over an unencrypted wireless media raises a number of security hazards. This study suggests an innovative and secure access system for cloud-based electronic healthcare services storing patient health records in a third-party cloud service provider. The research considers the remote healthcare requirements for maintaining patient information integrity, confidentiality, and security. There will be fewer attacks on e-healthcare records now that stakeholders will have a safe interface and data on the cloud will not be accessible to them. End-to-end encryption is ensured by using multiple keys generated by the key conclusion function (KCF), and access to cloud services is granted based on a person's identity and the relationship between the parties involved, which protects their personal information that is the methodology used in the proposed scheme. The proposed scheme is best suited for cloud-based e-healthcare services because of its simplicity and robustness. Using different Amazon EC2 hosting options, we examine how well our cloud-based web application service works when the number of requests linearly increases. The performance of our web application service that runs in the cloud is based on how many requests it can handle per second while keeping its response time constant. The proposed secure access scheme for cloud-based web applications was compared to the Ethereum blo

关键词： Cost effectiveness

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