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BIOGAS-A SOLUTION FOR TREATING ANIMAL WASTE RESULTING FROM ZOOTECHNICAL ACTIVITIES

UPB Scientific Bulletin, Series B: Chemistry and Materials Science 2024年第3期86卷 135-144页

作者： Mitroi, Roxana Covaliu, Cristina Ileana Faculty of Biotechnical Systems Engineering National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest Romania

The increasing volume of waste generated by agriculture is one of the major environmental challenges faced by humanity. The process of producing biogas through anaerobic digestion has become a focus of research and is considered the best solution for managing animal waste, transforming organic waste into green energy and organic fertilizer for agriculture. Consideration has been given to the possibility of using anaerobic digestion of animal waste to minimize emissions and replace conventional fuels in farming with biogas. If farms were to adopt anaerobic digestion, greenhouse gas emissions would decrease and the resulting methane could be used as fuel on the farms. © 2024, Politechnica University of Bucharest. All rights reserved.

关键词： Anaerobic digestion

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USAGE OF TYPHA ANGUSTIFOLIA FOR SIMULTANEOUS REMOVAL OF COPPER AND NICKEL IONS FROM WASTEWATER

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UPB Scientific Bulletin, Series B: Chemistry and Materials Science 2023年第3期85卷 65-72页

作者： Diaconu, Loredana Ioana Covaliu-Mierlă, Cristina Ileana Faculty of Biotechnical Systems Engineering University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest Romania

In this work, Typha angustifolia plants were used as biosorbent in the process of wastewater phytoremediation. Studies were carried out using Typha angustifolia plants, which were able to remove copper and nickel ions from wastewater with an efficiency of 93.86. The higher number of plants used had a important influence on the phytoremediation process of wastewater. Also, the contact time was an important factor of the wastewater treatment, because we observed that a high efficiency required 40 h. © 2023, Politechnica University of Bucharest. All rights reserved.

关键词： Heavy metals

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CARBON CONTENT ESTIMATION IN AN AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM CASE STUDY THROUGH THE PROCESS OF LEAF LITTER DECOMPOSITION

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UPB Scientific Bulletin, Series B: Chemistry and Materials Science 2024年第4期86卷 41-52页

作者： Enache, Natalia Deák, György Covaliu-Mierlă, Cristina Ileana Laslo, Lucian Matei, Monica Boboc, Madalina Stegarescu, Sorin Bugeac, Larisa Zaharia, Dragoș National Institute for Research and Development in Environmental Protection Bucharest Romania Faculty of Biotechnical Systems Engineering UNST POLITEHNICA Bucharest Romania School of Biotechnical Systems Engineering University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest Romania

Plant litter decomposition varies depending on species and environmental conditions. The decomposition rates of plant litter were monitored for two common types of vegetation (Phragmites australis and Cattails) in the Dambovita River to determine the proportion of labile and recalcitrant fractions of the decomposition. Biological control of decomposition was witnessed through home-field advantage, in which decomposition in aquatic environments was applied through the litter bags that were submerged in-situ. The study showed that the magnitude of fraction-specific from decomposition rates was considerably higher in the first stage, followed by a decreasing trend of the labile fraction for both species. © 2024, Politechnica University of Bucharest. All rights reserved.

关键词： Carbon sequestration

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STABILIZATION OF A TWO-WHEELED INVERTED PENDULUM ROBOT

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UPB Scientific Bulletin, Series D: Mechanical engineering 2024年第3期86卷 3-14页

作者： Predoi, Mihai Valentin Strătilă, Sergiu Dan, Catalina-Ilinca Petre, Roxana-Alexandra Crunțeanu, Daniel-Eugeniu Dept. of Mechanics Faculty Biotechnical Systems Engineering National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest Romania Dept. of Propulsion Systems Faculty of Aerospace Engineering National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest Romania

In recent years, the interest in sending exploration robots on other planets, satellites or smaller celestial bodies, has increased considerably. While the now classical configuration with six wheels remains as primary option for such missions, we investigate in the present paper a simpler exploration robot, moving on only two wheels. The advantages of higher mobility in narrow spaces and lower mass come with an inconvenience: the stability of such a robot. In the present paper is investigated the stability problem of such a robot. © 2024, Politechnica University of Bucharest. All rights reserved.

关键词： Inverted pendulum

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DYNAMIC MODELING OF A 6-DOF PARALLEL MANIPULATOR

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UPB Scientific Bulletin, Series D: Mechanical engineering 2023年第4期85卷 61-76页

作者： Nichifor, Sandra-Elena Stroe, Ion Faculty of Biotechnical Systems Engineering University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest Romania Department of Mechanics University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest Romania

The purpose of this paper is the kinematic and dynamic modeling of a mobile platform with six degrees of freedom. In this sense, both the direct kinematics and the indirect kinematics of the Stewart platform PS-6TL-1500 are presented. The problem of dynamic modeling for the parallel manipulator is approached considering the entire Stewart platform as a complete sistem, the methodology employed involves utilizing the Lagrange formalism. This paper considers the validation of the dynamic model through two simulation cases that consider the attitude angles and the position of the Stewart platform. Based on the obtained results, the impact of certain parameters on the system can be observed, indicating which configurations can be considered for specific operational orientations. © 2023, Politechnica University of Bucharest. All rights reserved.

关键词： Inverse kinematics

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KINEMATICS MODELING OF THE ABB7600 ROBOT

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UPB Scientific Bulletin, Series D: Mechanical engineering 2024年第1期86卷 17-32页

作者： Nichifor, Sandra-Elena Stroe, Ion Faculty of Biotechnical Systems Engineering National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest Romania Department of Mechanics National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest Romania

The purpose of this paper is to provide a kinematics model of an ABB IRB7600 robotic arm. Regarding the direct kinematic problem, this is solved using Denavit-Hartenberg parameters. Moreover, the inverse kinematics problem is based on the known iterative methods, respectively the general problem of inverse kinematics and the geometric approach of the position to determine the joints. The developed kinematics model plays an essential role in enabling the trajectory planning for the ABB 7600 robot. By employing a fourth-order interpolation method, the motion planning process is enhanced, allowing the robot to execute precise and efficient movements along its trajectory. © 2024, Politechnica University of Bucharest. All rights reserved.

关键词： Inverse kinematics

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SLUDGE RECOVERY THROUGH COMPOSTING: CASE STUDY-CĂLĂRAȘI SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT, ROMANIA

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UPB Scientific Bulletin, Series B: Chemistry and Materials Science 2024年第2期86卷 147-160页

作者： Soricu-Feodorov, Cristina Apostol, Tiberiu Dumitrescu, Alina Cocârţă, Diana Mariana Faculty of Biotechnical Systems Engineering National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest Romania INOVECO S.R.L Voluntari Romania Faculty of Energy Engineering National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest Romania Faculty of Energy Engineering National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest Academy of Romanian Scientists Bucharest Romania

Our actual context is reflected in the food chain increased demand worldwide, but at the same time is reflected also in the climate change which affects our chain of supply, meaning increase soil temperatures, lack of rain (drought) etc. On the other hand, our soil is drained of nutrients because soil is not resting between seasons. Having no more winters with abundant snow, agricultural fields are cultivated more than once during the year, with huge negative effects on the agricultural fields. Major changes must be considered, meaning that better soil management should be done. The first action required is to improve soil characteristics to serve the increased necessity of more food. There are natural ways to solve these challenges, and one of them is to create compost from the organic waste which humankind produces. In this way, we ensure a healthier balance, not using natural resources or chemical products and we introduce the organic waste back into the bio circular economy strategy that we have across Europe. The treatment of biowaste through composting is the most widespread biological method of organic waste treatment in the European Union. Biowaste composting plays an important role in the transition to a circular economy. The final product (compost), which is used in agriculture as a soil amendment or fertilizer, needs to be of extremely high quality to complete the loop of biowaste treated by composting. Under these conditions, the current study focuses on the potential for producing compost by mixing green waste with sewage treatment plant sludge. Within the parameters of the present experimental study, 75 cubic meters of compost were produced from 200 cubic meters of biowaste (sludge: green waste, 1:2 ratio). Due to the lack of specific standards and procedures (guidelines) for obtaining and validating high-quality compost that can be used in agriculture in the context of Romanian legislation in the field (Law 181/2020), reference values of physico-chemi

关键词： Composting

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Removal of copper ions from wastewater by adsorption using magnetite nanomaterial

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UPB Scientific Bulletin, Series B: Chemistry and Materials Science 2021年第3期83卷 293-299页

作者： Stoian, Oana Covaliu, Cristina Ileana Paraschiv, Gigel Faculty of Biotechnical Systems Engineering University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest Romania

This article presents the study of magnetite nanomaterial applied for wastewater treatment. The influence of wastewater pH and contact time upon the removal of copper ions from synthetic wastewater was studied. Three concentrations of copper ions of the wastewater, namely 0.70, 1.00 and 1.20 mg/L and the two amounts of magnetite, 0.10 and 0.20 g/L, were tested. The maximum efficiency of removing copper ions from wastewater was observed in all cases presented, the difference being the time required for treatment. © 2021, Politechnica University of Bucharest. All rights reserved.

关键词： Magnetite

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VALORIZATION OF BIOMASS WASTE USING HTC PROCESS FOR POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATIONS

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UPB Scientific Bulletin, Series B: Chemistry and Materials Science 2022年第2期84卷 165-174页

作者： Țurcanu, Anca-Andreea Matei, Ecaterina Râpă, Maria Predescu, Andra Coman, George Berbecaru, Andrei Predescu, Cristian Faculty of Biotechnical Systems Engineering University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest Romania Dept. of Ecometallurgy and Materials Processing Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest Romania

An efficient, economical and emerging method used for the valorization of biomass waste is hydrothermal carbonization (HTC). The aim of this study was to develop eco-materials from grape stems waste, using an environmentally friendly method. The structural and morphological properties of the eco-materials were investigated by means of ATR-FTIR and SEM-EDS. Based on the results, these eco-materials derived via HTC from grape stems waste can be further used in environmental applications, such as water depollution. © 2022, Politechnica University of Bucharest. All rights reserved.

关键词： Biomass

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Optimizing Composting Efficiency and Odor Control in Intensive Tunnel Composting systems: A Case Study of the Arad County Composting Facility 11

Optimizing Composting Efficiency and Odor Control in Intensi...

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11th International Conference on ENERGY and ENVIRONMENT, CIEM 2023

作者： Raul, Lile Apostol, Tiberiu Stan, Constantin Faculty of Biotechnical Systems Engineering National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest Bucharest Romania Faculty of Energy Engineering National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest Bucharest Romania

ISBN: (纸本)9798350340785

—This study details the design of a municipal waste management facility that combines mechanical-biological treatment methods. Capable of bio-drying 195,000 tons of mixed solid waste and composting 10,000 tons of green waste annually, the facility leverages closed bio-cell technology and the Gore Cover system to optimize mass reduction and minimize environmental impact. Key operational parameters such as density, moisture content, and pH are strictly controlled. The technology choice allows year-round operations, emission reductions, and process automation. The resulting compost product is expected to enhance soil health, contributing to waste reduction and overall environmental sustainability. ©2023 IEEE.

关键词： Composting

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