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作者： Dejanović, I. Matijašević, Lj. Olujić, Z. Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology University of Zagreb Savska cesta 16 HR-10000 Zagreb Croatia Process and Energy Laboratory Delft University of Technology Leegwaterstraat 44 2628 CA Delft Netherlands

This paper introduces an effective method for determination and optimisation of stage and reflux requirement of a three-product dividing wall column, arranged within a commercial software package by combining a fundamentally sound shortcut method providing reliable initial guesses and a detailed, four-column model, which appeared to be the most flexible among possible configurations, for both steady state and dynamic simulations. The applicability and usability of the method is demonstrated using an industrially relevant, platformate splitter application in an aromatics plant of a petroleum refinery as the base case. Results of this study indicate that compared to actual, two-columns- in-series configuration, a dividing wall column requires approximately 43 % less energy to deliver three fractions at required product specifications.

关键词： Energy conservation

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Surface interactions for controlling the microfluidic separation of polymeric microspheres

Surface interactions for controlling the microfluidic separa...

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2011 MRS Spring Meeting

作者： Sadeghi, Alireza Howse, Jonathan Ebbens, Steve De Geest, Bruno Chemical and Process Engineering Department University of Sheffield Sheffield S1 3JD United Kingdom Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ghent University B-9000 Ghent Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)9781618395573

Applications of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) formed by the adsorption of alkanethiols onto gold surfaces have had a widespread growth in adhesion investigations, interfacial interaction investigations and other interfacial phenomena in recent years. As computational modelling showed that modified surfaces can segregate compliant microspheres, a microfluidic flow cell was designed to roll polymeric microcapsules on surfaces with different chemistries, in order to obtain experimental data to validate previous results. Particle image velocimetry showed that rolling speed of microcapsules is affected by surface chemistry. The velocity of vesicles rolling on thiol surfaces with positive of negative charged head groups was significantly lower than vesicles rolling on thiol surfaces with a hydrocarbon chain head group and pure gold surface respectively. Since fabrication of patterned SAMs with different thiol surfaces is possible through oxidation by UV light, our results point to a facile method for carrying out a continuous separation process. © 2011 Materials Research Society.

关键词： Self assembled monolayers

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Virtual and remote laboratories in education process at FCFT STU

Virtual and remote laboratories in education process at FCFT...

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International Conference on Interactive Collaborative Learning (ICL)

作者： Martin Kalúz L'uboš Čirka Miroslav Fikar Department of Information Engineering and Process Control Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology STU Bratislava Slovakia

This paper describes the progress in the development of virtual and remote laboratories at Department of Information engineering and process Control, FCFT STU in Bratislava. Article is the overview of technical solutions used for online education purposes. These comprise software technologies, most commonly used in virtual and remote laboratory design at our department, as MATLAB Web Server, Java, C/C++, and Adobe Flash. We have created virtual laboratories as online Web applications, which provide features of mathematical computing and simulations of technological plants. We also describe a technology of remote control laboratory with a real experimental device.

关键词： MATLAB Mathematical model Java Remote laboratories Web servers Conferences

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Optimization in transfection and stable production of p-galactosidase in chinese hamster ovary cells

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Biotechnology 2011年第1期10卷 86-93页

作者： Saifudin, N. Ibrahim, N. Anuar, N. Department of Chemical and Process Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment Malaysia School of Biosciences and Biotechnology Faculty of Science and Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 43600 Bangi Selangor Malaysia

The aim for this study was to develop recombinant Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cell line producing high and stable β-galactosidase by using Lipofectamine and TransFast as transfection systems. A comparison of these two gene delivery systems was made using β-galactosidase protein expression as the endpoint readout. Parameters such as lipid to DNA ratios and different amounts of Lipofectamine or DNA used were determined for optimization of transfection. In the Lipofectamine system the highest clone number was obtained from the combination of 4.5 μL Lipofectamine and 0.75 μg DNA or 2:1 charge ratio. By using TransFast, a lipid to DNA charge ratio of 2:1 is suitable for transfection. Clone TF 9 (7) that was transfected with 9 μL TransFast and 1.5 μg DNA but maintaining this 2:1 charge ratio was found to be the most productive clone in p-galactosidase production even when scaled up to 100 mL in zeocin free medium. The highest level of production for this clone and other productive clones are on the fourth day of cultivation. The highest β-galactosidase activity by subclone TF9 (7) was about 9.64 U mg -1 in 100 mL working volume of zeocin free medium. This study showed TransFast was more efficient than the Lipofectamine LTX for transfection and lipid mediated DNA delivery is an efficient mean forLacZ gene transfer into CHO cell. © 2011 Asian Network for Scientific Information.

关键词： DNA

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Heat integration — History, recent developments and achievements

Heat integration — History, recent developments and achieve...

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International Conference on Modeling, Simulation and Applied Optimization (ICMSAO)

作者： Jiří Jaromír Klemeš Petar Sabev Varbanov Centre of Process Integration and Intensification-CPI2 Research Institute of Chemical Technology and Process Engineering Faculty of Information technology University of Pannonia Veszprem Hungary

process Integration (PI) is a powerful tool for designing and optimising processes for energy efficiency and sustainability. It has been widely extended and become both a part of most good degree studies curricula as a routine tool for advanced design and optimisation in various industries. However, sometimes its simplicity is still misunderstood. Even PI and in this contribution specifically heat integration (HI) has some potential pitfalls related to the problem formulation and data extraction. Regardless of the precision used, the results largely depend on solving the correct problem - i.e. if the formulation reflects the reality adequately and if the appropriate data have been extracted. An incorrect data extraction has been the reason for conclusions that PI did not work. When revisiting most of those problems, it becomes obvious that it was not a fault of the PI methodology, but an inexperienced user.

关键词： Data mining Optimization Industries Heat recovery Trigeneration

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Development of Soft Sensors for Crude Distillation Unit Control

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2011年第1期44卷 5407-5412页

作者： Ivan Mohler Željka Ujević Andrijić Nenad Bolf Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology University of Zagreb Department of Measurements and Process Control Savska c. 16/5A HR- 10000 Zagreb Croatia

Abstract Soft sensors for distillation end point (D95) on-line estimation in crude distillation unit (CDU) are developed. Experimental data are acquired from the refinery distributed control system (DCS) and include on-line available continuously measured variables and laboratory assays. Soft sensors are developed using different linear and nonlinear identification methods. Additional laboratory data for model identification are generated by Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARSplines). The models are evaluated based on Route Mean Square (RMS), Absolute Error (AE), FIT and Final Prediction Error (FPE) criteria. The best results are achieved with Box Jenkins (BJ), Output Error (OE) and Hammerstein–Wiener (HW) model. Based on developed soft sensors it is possible to estimate fuel properties in continuous manner and apply inferential control. By real plant application of developed soft sensors considerable savings could be expected, as well as compliance with strict law regulations for product quality specifications.

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Temperature program adsorption of hydrogen sulfide by NaOH-impregnated activated carbons for hot fuel gas purification

Temperature program adsorption of hydrogen sulfide by NaOH-i...

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2011 IEEE 1st Conference on Clean Energy and technology, CET 2011

作者： Sitthikhankaew, Russamee Predapitakkun, Somrudee Kiattikomol, Ratanawan Pumhiran, Sudhibhumi Assabumrungrat, Suttichai Laosiripojana, Navadol Joint Graduate School of Energy and Environment CHE Center for Energy Technology and Environment King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi 126 Prachauthit Rd Bangkok 10140 Thailand Process Technology Research Department PTT Research and Technology Institute Phahonyothin Rd Ayuthaya 13170 Thailand Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Chulalongkorn University 254 Payathai Rd Bangkok 10330 Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9781457713545

Natural gas, biogas and synthesis gas from coal gasification contain hydrogen sulfide (H2S) that is toxic and strong odorous for human. It is high corrosive for engine. Among various methods for H2S removal, the adsorption by activated carbon is known as an efficient process for low concentration H2S removal. Moreover, activated carbon is not only inexpensive but also produces from agricultural waste in Thailand. The objective of this work is for upgrading the commercial-grade activated carbon by sodium hydroxide (NaOH) impregnation and the combination of steam activation and NaOH impregnation. The aim of upgrading is to improve the performance of H 2S removal from fuel gases. The commercial and NaOH-impregnated activated carbons were tested by the temperature program adsorption of H 2S at 30 °C and 550 °C. The results showed that the adsorption capacities of the NaOH-impregnated activated carbons are significantly higher than the commercial activated carbon (in the range of 2-21 times higher depending on the temperature of adsorption). At high temperature of adsorption, the adsorption capacity of the NaOH-impregnated activated carbon was 30.10 mg of H2S per gram of activated carbon. It can be concluded that the upgraded activated carbons is applicable for hot fuel gas purification. The concentration of H2S comes out at the outlet gas after treatment by the upgraded materials was almost 0 ppmv, which is safe for utilizing in fuel cell system and power engine. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Activated carbon

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Performance of commercial and modified activated carbons for hydrogen sulfide removal from simulated biogas

Performance of commercial and modified activated carbons for...

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2011 IEEE 1st Conference on Clean Energy and technology, CET 2011

ISBN: (纸本)9781457713545

In Thailand, biogas is one of a renewable energy that can be utilized for fuel and electricity generator. It contains methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen (N2), Oxygen (O2) and a contaminant;hydrogen sulfide (H2S). H2S is toxicity and high corrosion for engine. H2S can be removed from biogas by adsorption over activated carbon, which can be produced from agricultural waste in Thailand. The purpose of this work is to test performance of commercial and modified activated carbons on H2S removal from simulated biogas at 30°C. Activated carbons were modified by steam activation, potassium hydroxide (KOH) impregnation and the combination of steam activation and KOH impregnation (S-KOH). Simulated biogas contain 3000 ppmv H2S, 40% CO2, 2% O2 and 70% humidity. It was found that modified activated carbons have adsorption capacity significantly higher than commercial activated carbon (in the range of 2-6 times higher depending on modification method). In detail, 1 gram of S-KOH can adsorb 84.75 mg of H2S. Furthermore, S-KOH removed H2S from 3000 ppmv into 0 ppmv for 100 minutes. It can be concluded that modified activated carbons are highly applicable for H2S removal in biogas at room temperature. Therefore, purified biogas is safe for using in household and industry. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Activated carbon

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Determination of polychlorinated biphenyls in surface water using solid phase extraction with pyrenebutyric acid bonded silica and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

Determination of polychlorinated biphenyls in surface water ...

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2011 International Conference on Electric technology and Civil engineering, ICETCE 2011

作者： Jin, Shiwei Zhang, Xu Gao, Rong He, Bingzhong Yi, Qiong Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process Ministry of Education Wuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan China Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hubei University Wuhan China

ISBN: (纸本)9781457702907

In this paper, a kind of solid phase extraction (SPE) cartridge was prepared using pyrenebutyric acid-bonded silica (PYB) as sorbent. The concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in surface water were concentrated by these new SPE cartridges (PYB-SPE) and determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Some factors including elution solvent, pH, and cartridge burden were investigated in SPE procedures. The results showed that the recoveries of PCBs detected were 70.42110.51% under optimized conditions. And the performance of PYB-SPE method was similar with the United States Environmental Protection Agency 608 (USEPA608) method and better than C18-SPE method. The recoveries of PCB congeners determined by PYB-SPE method ranged from 73.996.5% in real spiked water samples which were identified to be in accordance with USEPA608 method. The developed PYB-SPE method was successfully applied to the determination of PCBs in water samples. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Surface waters

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Determination of estrogen-like compounds in fish liver tissue by solid-phase extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

Determination of estrogen-like compounds in fish liver tissu...

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International Conference on Electric technology and Civil engineering

作者： Jin, Shiwei Huang, Yan Yi, Qiong Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process Ministry of Education Wuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan China Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hubei University Wuhan China

ISBN: (纸本)9781457702907

An analytical procedure for the simultaneous determination of eight estrogen-like compounds (nonylphenol (NP), 4-tert-octylphenol(OP), bisphenol A (BPA), diethylstilbestrol (DES), estrone (E1), 17-estradiol (E2), 17-ethinylestradiol (EE2) and estriol (E3) in liver of fish by solid-phase extraction (SPE) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) has been developed. Liver tissue samples added with 17-estradiol-d4 (E2-d4, surrogate standard) are extracted by acetonitrile under ultrasonication and the lipid in the sample extract is eliminated by partitioning between hexane and acetonitrile. After Oasis HLB SPE column clean-up, the sample extract is derivatized with N-methyl-N-(trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide (MSTFA). The derivatives of target compounds in the samples are determined by GC-MS in the selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode. The linearities range from 0.005 to 0.8 mgL1 for all target compounds. The average recoveries are 72.512.6% to 110.212.2% at 0.5 g kg1, 5 g kg1 and 20 g kg 1 spiked levels of target compounds. And the limits of quantification (LOQ) are 0.15 to 0.8 ngg1 (R.S.D. 5.6% to 12.8%). The method is simple with good reproducibility and selectivity, an d high sensitivity. The application of this method is further demonstrated by analyzing various real samples from local supermarkets. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Fish

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