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SSRN 2024年

作者： Zairin, Dwiputra M. Ruiz, M. Pilar Kersten, Sascha R.A. Sustainable Process Technology Faculty of Science and Technology University of Twente Enschede7522 NB Netherlands Circular Chemical Engineering Maastricht University Geleen6167 RD Netherlands

Firstly, this paper investigates the interplay between reaction kinetics and mass transfer rates in the pyrolysis of polyethylene in the temperature range of 420 oC to 480 oC. Experimental results confirmed that the bond-breaking rate is high, shown by the reduction in average molecular weight of the reacting PE from 186 kDa to 3.5 kDa in 2 minutes at 450 ºC. The evaporation rate differs with reactor type and sets the mass loss rate and the molecular weight distribution of the condensed product. At 450 ºC, first-order mass loss rate constants of 5x10-2 s-1 and 3x10-3 s-1 were observed in a screen-heater reactor and a semi-batch reactor respectively while the average molecular weights of the condensed product were 2.3 kDa and 0.6 kDa (mass-average MW by GPC), respectively. A mathematical model, involving bond-breaking and evaporation, was able to describe the experimentally observed fast initial cracking followed by evaporation, but needs further work to capture all measured phenomena. Secondly, the effect of adding a reflux system to the semi-batch reactor was experimentally studied, showing that tested reflux temperatures (300-350 ºC) set the molecular weight distribution of the condensed product, independently of the investigated reactor temperature. Notably, at a reactor temperature of 450 ºC and reflux temperature of 350 ºC, the average molecular weight by GC-MS of the condensed product was found to be 164 Da. The study concludes that while refluxing improves the quality of the condensed product by reducing its average molecular weight, it also leads to a reduction in the liquid production rate and an increase in the permanent gas yield. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Pyrolysis

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Evaluation of Research Progress and Trends on Cement Retarders Application in Oilwells: A Bibliometric Analysis of Literature and Stakeholders

Evaluation of Research Progress and Trends on Cement Retarde...

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2024 SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition, NAIC 2024

作者： Nwaichi, P.I. Ridzuan, N. Nwaichi, E.O. Gbonhinbor, J.R. Agi, A. Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology College of Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah Pahang Gambang Malaysia Department of Biochemistry University of Port Harcourt Rivers State Nigeria Department of Petroleum Engineering Niger Delta University Wilberforce Island Amassoma Yenagoa Nigeria Centre for Research in Advanced Fluid and Processes Fluid Centre Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah Pahang Gambang Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9781959025474

Retarders are used to prevent hydration of oilwell cement by prolonging thickening time and setting time, giving enough time for cement slurry application under deep and high-temperature conditions. However, the history and potential research direction of oilwell cement retarder has not been fully investigated. Thus, this study aims to fill these gaps in knowledge by identifying the main themes, influential authors, reputable journals, countries, and emerging keywords in this research area. The VOSviewer software was used to analyze journal articles published between 2000 to 2022 from the Scopus database to achieve the history, emerging keywords and potential research direction of oilwell cement retarder. The results show that 1,217 research articles on oilwell cement retarders have been published. Additionally, emerging keywords such as alkaline-activated slags, inorganic polymers, geopolymers, curing, slag grouting, and magnesia have gained recent attention. Authors from China, the United Kingdom, the United States, Spain, and South Korea contributed over 50% of the cited publications within the selected years. The findings provide valuable insights into previous studies on cement retarder applications, allowing for a deeper understanding of the research area, identifying the research gaps, highlighting potential research directions and collaborators. Copyright © 2024, Society of Petroleum Engineers.

关键词： Slag cement

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Breakdown Strength and Fire Retardancy Performance of LLDPE/NR/SiO2 Nanocomposite as High Voltage Insulation

Breakdown Strength and Fire Retardancy Performance of LLDPE/...

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6th International Conference on Advances in Manufacturing and Materials engineering, ICAMME 2024

作者： Michael, M. Makmud, M.Z.H. Badi, N.S.A. Jamain, Z. Amin, K.N.M. Illias, H.A. Research Group Faculty of Science and Natural Resources Universiti Malaysia Sabah Sabah Kota Kinabalu Malaysia Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology College Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang Pahang Kuantan Gambang Malaysia Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9789819638130

The rising demand for electricity has increased the need for an efficient high voltage (HV) system. This research investigates the capability of LLDPE/NR/SiO2 nanocomposite as a HV insulation material. A series of samples was fabricated using a twin-screw extruder followed by a hot press to prepared LLDPE/NR/SiO2 nanocomposite to test the effectiveness of the SiO2 with percentage addition of 0, 2, 4 and 6 wt%, respectively. The breakdown strength of the nanocomposite samples was evaluated by using the ASTM-D149 procedure, while the fire retardancy property was measured according to the Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI) test standard. As a result, the addition of SiO2 at 2wt% shows the highest value of BDV and LOI when compared to others. In addition, as the concentration of SiO2 increases, the value of BDV and LOI decreases due to aggregate formation. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Electric insulation

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Assessing the performance of concrete made with recycled latex gloves and silicone catheter using ultrasonic pulse velocity

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2024年 109卷 32-40页

作者： Mohammad I. Al Biajawi Rahimah Embong Khairunisa Muthusamy Norasyikin Ismail Izwan Johari Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang Persiaran Tun Khalil Yaakob 26300 Kuantan Malaysia School of Civil Engineering Engineering Campus Universiti Sains Malaysia 14300 Nibong Tebal Penang Malaysia Faculty of Chemical & Process Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang Persiaran Tun Khalil Yaakob 26300 Kuantan Pahang Malaysia

Significant advances in concrete technology in modern times have prompted the search for environmentally friendly materials that could improve the properties of concrete . The inclusion of recyclable materials to conventional concrete can help in conserving key resources and produce environmentally friendly concrete. The incorporation of latex gloves and silicone catheter waste in concrete is one of the most important approaches to minimize the environmental problems associated with their disposal. In this study, an experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of using latex gloves and silicone catheter waste as a substitute for coarse aggregates in concrete mixes. Concrete which was made with latex gloves and silicone catheter waste were subjected to UPV evaluations, i.e., ultrasonic pulse velocity tests at 28 curing days. Compressive strength and workability tests were also performed for reference and compared to the replacement sample. The inclusion of latex gloves and silicone catheter waste in proportions of 2.5%, 5%, 7.5 and 10% decreased the UPV values of the concrete. The results showed that the UPV values of the concrete decreased significantly from excellent to very good to poor for all specimens as the proportion of silicone catheters and latex gloves increased. The results showed that the addition of different proportions of latex gloves and silicone catheters decreased the compressive strength of the concrete by 86% and 59%, respectively, when the proportion of latex gloves and silicone catheters in the concrete mix was replaced by 10%. In addition, the fresh concrete property of concrete containing latex gloves and silicone catheters was decreased by 22% and 53%, respectively, when the proportion of latex gloves and silicone catheters was replaced by 10%. This study helps to raise environmental awareness by improving understanding of the waste generated and the importance of reusing waste as a substitute in concrete mixes.

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Limited Data Based Kinetic Modeling and Optimization of Propionic Acid Synthesis Over Supported Rh/C Catalyst

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Balogh, László Bódis, Jenő Szilágyi, Botond Egedy, Attila Bárkányi, Ágnes Department of Process Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Pannonia Egyetem Street 10. Veszprém8200 Hungary Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Raluca Ripan Institute for Research in Chemistry Babes-Bolyai University Mihail Kogalniceanu 1 Cluj-Napoca400084 Romania Department of Chemical and Environmental Process Engineering Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology Műegyetem rkp. 3. BudapestH-1111 Hungary Budapest University of Technology and Economics Hungary

The importance and need for greener and more sustainable chemical processes and technologies can hardly be overestimated. However, many industries still produce a considerable amount of waste. Reusing these waste streams is an indispensable piece towards realizing fully circular and sustainable economy. Accordingly, it is imperative to operate chemical processes with maximal recycling to minimize waste generation. The study presents in the aforedescribed spirit, the synthesis of propionic acid (PA), where the various goals are optimally realized by unleashing the predictive power of nonlinear process model. A method for synthesizing PA is through the heterogeneous catalytic reaction route between ethylene gas, carbon monoxide, and water. The atom efficiency of the process is 100% with the possibility of fully separating the products and recirculating the unreacted starting materials. Hence, the chemistry of the proposed catalytic route is material efficient. To make the process operate well, we apply the available measured data co construct a kinetic model, and use it to optimize the system subject to various goals. The data were not primarily measured for modeling, but for parametric reactor analysis. Yet, using the apriori knowledge about the process (i.e., the microkinetics of the reactions), the data enabled the kinetic model identification, resulting in a fitting on the measured outputs characterized by a coefficient of nem determination? of 0.76. The operating parameters were optimized by using this model to enhance the energy and material efficiency of the process. The optimized turnover frequency (TOF) happened to be is 3.974 mol m3catalyst s , reached at 264 °C, 12 bar and ethylene:CO:H2O:EtI = 0.379:0.098:0.506:0.016 starting material ratio. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Propionic acid

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A Study on the Efficient Separation of Oily Water Using Mullite Whiskers Membrane Through Combined Filtration and Electrofiltration

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Naseri, Masoumeh Omidkhah, Mohammadreza R. Mousavi, Seyed Foad Process Engineering Department Faculty of Chemical Engineering Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran School of Chemical Petroleum and Gas Engineering Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran Iran

Oily wastewater presents significant environmental challenges, requiring effective treatment methods for sustainable development. This study investigates the potential of combining filtration, electrofiltration, and backwashing using a ceramic membrane for the treatment of oily water. A secondary mullite membrane was synthesized, demonstrating favorable characteristics such as high permeate flux (534 LMH), biaxial flexural strength (75.21 MPa), and cost-effectiveness. Experimental investigations were conducted for operational parameters, resulting in the selection of a pressure of 2 bar and a cross-flow velocity of 0.727 m/s to achieve desirable permeate flux and oil removal rates. The critical electric field intensity (Ecrit) was determined both experimentally and theoretically, with values ranging from 50 to 55 V, guiding the selection of optimal voltages for electrofiltration. Electrokinetic phenomena, including electrophoresis, electroosmosis, and bubble formation, are harnessed to mitigate fouling. The influence of feed solution conductivity was examined, revealing that higher salt concentrations increase fouling and diminish electric field effectiveness. Energy consumption analysis indicates significant potential for energy savings, with a decrease from 3.88 kWh/m³ in the no-voltage condition to 2.71 kWh/m³ at 65 V for salt-free solutions. However, at higher salt concentrations, increased fouling and reduced electric field effectiveness result in higher energy consumption. These findings underscore the suitability of low-cost ceramic membranes for oily water treatment, emphasizing the importance of optimizing operating parameters to enhance performance and energy efficiency. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Energy utilization

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Urgent needs for second life using and recycling design of wasted electric vehicles (EVs) lithium-ion battery: a scientometric analysis

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Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2024年第30期31卷 43152-43173页

作者： Zahoor, Aqib Kun, Róbert Mao, Guozhu Farkas, Ferenc Sápi, András Kónya, Zoltán School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin300350 China National Industry-Education Platform of Energy Storage Tianjin University Tianjin300072 China Solid-State Energy Storage Research Group Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry Research Centre for Natural Sciences Budapest Magyar Tudósok Krt. 2 Budapest1117 Hungary Department of Chemical and Environmental Process Engineering Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology Budapest University of Technology and Economics Műegyetem Rkp. 3 Budapest1111 Hungary Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry University of Szeged Rerrich Béla Tér 1 Szeged6720 Hungary

Currently, lithium-ion batteries are increasingly widely used and generate waste due to the rapid development of the EV industry. Meanwhile, how to reuse "second life" and recycle "extracting of valuable metals" of these wasted EVBs has been a hot research topic. The 4810 relevant articles from SCI and SSCI Scopus databases were obtained. Scientometric analysis about second life using and recycling methodologies of wasted EVBs was conducted by VOSviewer, Pajek, and Netdraw. According to analytical results, the research of second life using and recycling mythologies has been growing and the expected achievement will continue to increase. China, Germany, the USA, Italy, and the UK are the most active countries in this field. Tsinghua University in China, "Fraunhofer ISI, Karlsruhe" in Germany, and "Polytechnic di Torino" in Italy are the most productive single and collaborative institutions. The journals SAE technical papers and World Electric Vehicle Journal have the highest publication and citations than other journals. Chinese author "Li Y" has the highest number of 36 publications, and his papers were cited 589 times by other authors. By analyzing the co-occurrence and keywords, energy analysis, second life (stationary using, small industry), and treatment methods, (hydrometallurgy and pyrometallurgical, electrochemical, bio-metallurgical) were the hot research topics. The S-curve from the article indicates hydrometallurgical and bio-metallurgical methods are attached with great potential in the near future. Further, different treatment methodologies are observed especially advanced techniques in hydrometallurgical, and spent medium bioleaching techniques in bio-metallurgical are good, economically cheap, has low CO2 emission, environmentally friendly, and has high recovery rate. Finally, this research provides information on second life use and top recycling methodology opportunities for future research direction for researchers and decision-makers who are intere

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries

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Mechanical properties and antioxidant activity of carrageenan-cellulose nanofiber incorporated butylated hydroxyanisole as active food packaging

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2024年 107卷 128-135页

作者： Wan Amnin Wan Yahaya Syed Mohd Saufi Tuan Chik Nurul Aini Mohd Azman Adibi M. Nor Khadijah Husna Abd. Hamid Azilah Ajit Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology University Malaysia Pahang Persiaran Tun Khalil Yaakob 26300 Gambang Kuantan Pahang Malaysia Institute of Advanced Studies University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

Incorporated Butylated Hydroxyanisole (BHA) in biopolymer film is one of strategy to minimize the direct contact of BHA into the food product without limits their function as food preservative. Thus, the aim of this study was to formulate the active packaging film using semi refined carrageenan (SRC) biopolymer plasticized with glycerol (G), reinforced with 10% v/v cellulose nanofiber (CNF) and incorporated antioxidant agent (BHA) with different concentrations (0.1 to 0.4% w/v) as antioxidants. Physical properties, including thickness, opacity, moisture content, and solubility in water, as well as mechanical properties such as tensile strength (TS) and elongation at break (EAB) were analyzed. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis, morphology, and contact angle measurements were also performed. The results showed that the incorporation of BHA reduced the tensile strength and elongation at break of the active SGC-BHA films. However, the film's solubility, opacity, thickness, and moisture content improved with an increase in BHA concentration. The contact angle results revealed interesting trends, indicating changes in the film's surface properties with increasing BHA concentration. These findings suggest that the new formulation of active films may offer a viable alternative for plastic food packaging. By avoiding direct contact with synthetic preservatives, the films have the potential to extend the shelf life of food products while still providing the benefits of an antioxidant agent.

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A Comparative Study of Lignin Recovery Conditions Using GVL-Organosolv and Lignin Characterization

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ACS Sustainable Chemistry & engineering 2025年第22期13卷 8457-8468页

作者： Medya H. Tanis Emilie Vercoutere Mats Galbe Basel Al-Rudainy Ola Wallberg Department of Process and Life Science Engineering Division of Chemical Engineering Lund University P.O. Box 124 SE-221 00 Lund Sweden Bioindustrial Sciences Circular Bioprocess Technology Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Ghent University BE-9000 Ghent Belgium

Delignification is a critical step of the wood fractionation process in a biorefinery. It directly influences the purity of lignin and aids in breaking bonds within lignin and lignin–carbohydrate complexes surrounding cellulose. The recalcitrant nature of lignocellulose poses challenges in fractionating the material, notably during delignification. Recent progress in understanding lignin’s physical and chemical properties has led to the development of numerous value-added products from lignin sources. This study discusses lignin recovery from Norway spruce using γ-valerolactone (GVL)-based organosolv. The lignin recovery was investigated by changing GVL concentration in deionized water (60/20 and 80/20 v/v), temperature (140, 160 and 180 °C), and addition of catalyst (sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid). The highest delignification and lignin recovery were achieved with 60% GVL at 180 °C in the presence of phosphoric acid (78% delignification and 66% lignin recovery) and 80% GVL at 140 °C in the presence of sulfuric acid (67% delignification and 50% lignin recovery). The lignin samples were analyzed by FTIR, GPC, Py-GC/MS, and 2D HSQC NMR. FTIR spectra of lignin showed that they have similar spectra with different intensities in the fingerprint zone. Additionally, 2D HSQC NMR results show that the lignin extracted from the 80% GVL at 140 °C in the presence of sulfuric acid experiment had an abundance of about 47% (per 100 Ar) β-O-4 linkage. The results showed that the GVL-organosolv is a promising method for lignin recovery, and the GVL-lignin is a good candidate for high-value applications.γ-valerolactone, a green solvent, has been utilized to recover lignin under mild conditions, achieving high purity and yield.

关键词： lignin recovery softwood lignin gamma-valerolactoneorganosolv Norway spruce Py-GC/MS 2DHSQC NMR

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Effects of CO2binary mixtures on pipeline performance for Carbon Capture and Storage 2

Effects of CO2binary mixtures on pipeline performance for Ca...

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2nd International Conference on Innovative technology and Sciences, iCITES 2020

作者： Daud, N.K. Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang Lebuhraya Tun Razak Gambang26300 Malaysia

Captured CO2from the manufacturing industries and power generation sources are not pure and may contain usually some amount of impure components, which affect the flow dynamics of the CO2in the pipelines. Major component of impure components includes N2, H2, H2S, O2, Ar etc., depending on the capture technology used for the removal of CO2streams. To design efficient CO2pipeline transportation systems, it is imperative to understand the effect of these impure components on the flow behaviour. The simulation of the effect of CO2binary mixture on pipeline performance is carried out in this study. The steady-state flow in pipeline is described by a set of parabolic mass, momentum and energy conservation equations. To solve the set of equations subject to the boundary and the inlet conditions of the pipeline, the non-linear algebraic solver library DNSQE in Fortran is used to study the behaviour of 90 vol% CO2, and 10 vol% single impure component (N2, H2, H2S, O2and Ar). The phase diagram and pertinent fluid properties are calculated using the Peng-Robinson (PR) equation of state implemented in NIST Reference Fluid Thermodynamics and Transport Properties database program REFPROP. The results reveal that the bubble point curves were lifted up to higher pressures by impure components. The changes in the bubble point would affect the operating conditions of CO2pipeline. The presence of impure components also changed the properties of the flowing fluid. From the results, H2shows the most significant impact on the performance of CO2pipeline as the highest pressure drop by ca. 0.18 bar/km which has smaller density and greater flow velocity against other CO2streams. The results also show that Ar had the mildest effect followed by O2, N2and CO. In the case of H2S, the flow parameters are found to be nearly identical to those for pure CO2. The pressure drop for binary mixture contains H2S shows the same value with pure CO2stream by ca. 0.13 bar/km. © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights

关键词： Carbon dioxide

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