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engineering Reports 2025年第6期7卷

作者： Rohazriny Rohim Khairuddin Md Isa Umi Fazara Md Ali Mohd. Aizudin Abd. Aziz Naimah Ibrahim Muhammad Auni Hairunnaja Saiful Azhar Saad Nur Amira Fatihah Bashari Faculty of Civil Engineering and Technology Universiti Malaysia Perlis Arau Perlis Malaysia Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology Universiti Malaysia Perlis Arau Perlis Malaysia Centre of Excellence for Biomass Utilization Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology Universiti Malaysia Perlis Arau Perlis Malaysia Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Process Universiti Malaysia Pahang Pekan Pahang Malaysia

In this study, palm oil mill effluent (POME) and water were used as the medium or hydrogen donor solvent in the hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of Jatropha curcas . POME, with its high organic compound content, is seen as a promising solvent to be investigated. The POME analysis using GC–MS showed the existence of palmitic and oleic acids. The HTL was performed for both solvents using a batch reactor, and three parameters were varied (biomass-to-solvent ratio, temperature, and reaction time). The results showed that POME could be used as a medium for the HTL of J. curcas . It was found that the HTL of J. curcas with POME produced a higher oil yield (63.4%) than the one using water (43.2%) with a lower biomass-to-solvent ratio (1:2) and lower temperature (300°C) with an optimum reaction time (60 min), and with 30.8% of solid and 5.8% of gas recorded. The results of gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) showed that high ester content and the lowest acid content were obtained at 350°C for both solvents. As for POME, the ester content increased at 350°C while the acid content decreased at the same temperature. High hydrocarbon content was obtained for the experiment at 300°C for both solvents. The highest oil yield under POME conditions recorded a good HHV value of 39.07 MJ/kg with an oxygen content of ~11%, with 81% carbon recovered, indicating high energy recovery. The extra hydrogen generated through the reforming of POME in the liquefaction of J. curcas leads to stabilizing the free radicals and producing high oil yields.

关键词： bio-oil hydrothermal liquefaction J. curcas seeds palm oil mill effluent seed subcritical water

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Application Cases of Integrated Mini-grids for Sustainable Water, Energy, and Food Supply in Remote African Communities

Application Cases of Integrated Mini-grids for Sustainable W...

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IEEE Canada International Humanitarian technology Conference (IHTC)

作者： Julian Fleischmann Kemi Jegede Adeniyi Isafiade Mouna El-Qasery Ciara Dunks Tommaso Ferrucci Laamim Mohamed Bolanle Tolulope Abe Philipp Blechinger Off-Grid Systems Reiner Lemoine Institute Berlin Germany University of Freiburg Germany Dept of Civil Mining and Process Engineering Namibia University of Science and Technology Windhoek Namibia Dept of Chemical Engineering University of Cape Town South Africa Mohamadia School of Engineers Mohamed V University Rabat Morocco DESTEC University of Pisa Pisa Italy Faculty of Science Mohammedia Engineering Sciences Laboratory & Biosciences Mohammedia Morocco Tshwane University of Technology Tshwane South Africa

ISBN: (数字)9798350354645

ISBN: (纸本)9798350354652

Mini-grids can provide energy for productive uses in the water and food sector, which are vital for achieving water, energy, and food security in rural African communities. However, the integration of mini-grids with water and food systems, considering interlinkages between water, energy, food and local conditions, is not well understood or documented in the literature especially for the rural African context. This paper explores application cases of integrated mini-grids for sustainable water, energy, and food supply in Africa, based on twelve interviews and analyses of eight African case studies. Therefore, semi-structured interviews with stakeholders from academia, industry, agriculture, local governments, and communities, resource mapping using earth observation tools, and an expert workshop have been conducted. The results are used to define application cases for integrated mini-grids including their water, energy and food resources, demands, technical components, productive uses, and storage options. The results support the understanding of application cases of integrated mini-grids including their potentials and challenges and lay the foundation for the development of planning software and scale-up in remote African communities.

关键词： Earth Local government Conferences Hydroelectric power generation Food security Software Agriculture Planning Stakeholders Interviews

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Highly aligned lithiophilic electrospun nanofiber membrane for the multiscale suppression of Li dendrite growth

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eScience 2022年第6期2卷 655-665页

作者： Jianan Wang Qianyue Ma Shiyi Sun Kai Yang Qiong Cai Emilia Olsson Xin Chen Ze Wang Amr MAbdelkader Yinshi Li Wei Yan Shujiang Ding Kai Xi Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Xi'an Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Recycling and Resource RecoverySchool of Energy and Power EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China Department of Applied Chemistry School of ChemistryUniversity Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Chemistry of Shaanxi ProvinceState Key Laboratory for Electrical Insulation and Power EquipmentXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China Department of Chemical and Process Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Physical SciencesAdvanced Technology InstituteUniversity of SurreyGuildford GU27XHSurreyEnglandUK Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering of Ministry of Education School of Energy and Power EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxi710049China Advanced Research Center for Nanolithography Science Park 1061098 XGAmsterdamthe Netherlands Institute of Physics and Institute for Theoretical Physics University of AmsterdamPostbus 944851090 GLAmsterdamthe Netherlands Faculty of Science and Technology Bournemouth UniversityTalbot CampusFern BarrowPooleEnglandBH125BBUK

Using inorganic fibrous membranes as protective layers has yielded success in suppressing dendrite ***,conventional fibrous membranes usually have large voids and low affinity for Li,promoting inhomogeneous charge distribution and allowing some dendrites to ***,we introduce a highly aligned TiO_(2)/SiO_(2)(A-TS)electrospun nanofiber membrane as a protective layer for the Li metal *** A-TS membrane is fabricated by a custom-made electrospinning system with an automatic fiber alignment collector that allows control of the fibers’*** the scale of the individual fibers,their high binding energies with Li can attract more“dead”Li by reacting with the SiO_(2) component of the composite,avoiding uncontrollable deposition on the metal *** the membrane scale,these highly ordered structures achieve homogeneous contact and charge distribution on the Li metal surface,leaving no vulnerable areas to nucleate dendrite ***,the excellent mechanical and thermal stability properties of the A-TS membrane prevent any potential puncturing by dendrites or thermal runaway in a ***,an A-TS@Li anode exhibits stable cycling performance when used in both Li-S and Li-NCM811 batteries,highlighting significant reference values for the future design and development of high-energy-density metal-based battery systems.

关键词： Aligned structure Protective layerLi dendrite Lithium sulfur battery Li metal battery

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Advances in vat photopolymerization: early-career researchers shine light on a path forward

RSC Applied Polymers

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RSC Applied Polymers 2025年第3期3卷 574-591页

作者： Dhand, Abhishek P. Bean, Ren H. Chiaradia, Viviane Commisso, Alex J. Dranseike, Dalia Fowler, Hayden E. Fraser, Julia M. Howard, Holden Kaneko, Takashi Kim, Ji-Won Kronenfeld, Jason M. Mason, Keldy S. Pashley-Johnson, Fred Porcincula, Dominique H. Segal, Maddison I. Yu, Siwei Saccone, Max A. Department of Bioengineering University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA United States Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque NM United States Department of Chemistry RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences Dublin Ireland Macromolecular Engineering Laboratory Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland Department of Chemistry University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI United States Materials Engineering Division Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory United States Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Santa Barbara CA United States Department of Chemical Engineering Kyungpook National University Daegu South Korea Department of Chemistry Stanford University Stanford CA United States Department of Chemistry The University of Texas at Austin Austin TX United States School of Chemistry and Physics Centre for Materials Science Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Brisbane QLD Australia Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC) Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry Faculty of Sciences Ghent University Ghent Belgium Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering & Material Science Duke University Durham NC United States Department of Chemistry University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Chemical Engineering Stanford University Stanford CA United States Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO United States

Vat photopolymerization (VP) has emerged as a promising additive manufacturing technique to allow rapid light-based fabrication of 3D objects from a liquid resin. Research in the field of vat photopolymerization spans across multiple disciplines from engineering and materials science to applied chemistry and physics. This perspective brings together early-career researchers from various disciplines in academia and national laboratories around the world to summarize the most recent advancements with special emphasis on the research highlighted as part of the Gordon Research Conference (GRC) 2024 meeting on Additive Manufacturing of Soft Materials. We provide an outlook on next-generation polymer processing methods from synthesis of novel materials to multimodality manufacturing and performance engineering. Further, this article combines the ideas of many of these junior researchers to present a vision for the future of the field by highlighting the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead. © 2025 RSC.

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Velocity Control Design of Hyperbolic Distributed Parameter Systems Using Zeroing Dynamics and Zeroing-Gradient Dynamics Methods

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Maidi, Ahmed Paulen, Radoslav Corriou, Jean-Pierre Laboratoire de Conception et Conduite des Systèmes de Production Université Mouloud MAMMERI Tizi-Ouzou15 000 Algeria Faculty of Chemical and and Food Technology Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava Bratislava Slovakia Reaction and Process Engineering Laboratory UMR 7274-CNRS Lorraine University ENSIC 1 rue Grandville BP 20451 Nancy54001 Cedex France

Velocity control proves to be an effective and a more easily implementable actuation than boundary and distributed actuations for hyperbolic distributed parameter systems. However, the design of velocity control for these systems, following the late lumping approach, poses a challenging problem in control engineering. Noticeably, the velocity controller faces a control singularity issue, resulting in a loss of controllability that renders the controller impractical. In this paper, we demonstrate that the zeroing dynamics method is an easy and interesting alternative design approach for velocity control of hyperbolic distributed parameter systems following the late lumping approach. Furthermore, the control singularity problem is addressed using the zeroing gradient method. The effectiveness of these design approaches is clearly demonstrated in the case of a steam-jacketed heat exchanger and a non-isothermal plug flow reactor. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Dynamics

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Ultrafiltration-Like Forward Osmosis for Natural Rubber Skim Latex Concentration: Dewatering Performance, Fouling Mechanism and Economic Analysis

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Chang, Zhen Hong Sum, Jing Yao Mahmoudi, Ebrahim Teow, Yeit Haan Pin, Yeap Swee Ghazaly, Hafsah Mohd Aziz, Anizan Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Faculty of Engineering Technology and Built Environment UCSI University Kuala Lumpur56000 Malaysia UCSI Cheras Low Carbon Innovation Hub Research Consortium Kuala Lumpur56000 Malaysia Department of Chemical and Process Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Bangi43600 Malaysia Academy of Sciences Malaysia Level 20 West Wing MATRADE Tower Jalan Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah Off Jalan Tuanku Abdul Halim Kuala Lumpur50480 Malaysia Mardec Berhad Ground Floor Block A Lot 6875 Jalan Kerja Ayer Lama Selangor Ampang68000 Malaysia

Conventional acid coagulation (AC) treatment of natural rubber skim latex (SL) generates highly acidic wastewater, posing significant environmental challenges. The scalability and tunable pore size of membrane separation serves as alternative for SL dewatering. Given the sub-micrometer size of rubber particles, microfiltration and ultrafiltration are feasible options, but fouling caused by hydraulic pressure and SL’s complex composition limits their efficiency. This study explores the use of osmotically driven ultrafiltration-like forward osmosis (UF-like FO) for SL dewatering using poly(sodium-styrene-sulfonate) as the draw solution (DS). A triglycine-crosslinked graphene oxide membrane (triGly-GO/PES-12) achieved a permeate flux of 2.62 Lm-2h-1, a 25% volume reduction over 24 hours, and increased total solids content (TSC) from 6.33% to 10.94%. The membrane demonstrated excellent fouling resistance with a flux decline ratio (FDR) of 23.43% and ~100% flux recovery after NaOH cleaning. Reduced forward ammonia diffusion mitigated DS contamination and improved the storability of concentrated SL. Extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (XDLVO) analysis highlighted hydrophobic interactions primarily drive rubber fouling. The use of nanofiltration (NF90)-regenerated DS in subsequent SL filtration yielded slightly higher permeate flux (3.46 Lm-2h-1), confirming DS restorability. A techno-economic analysis of a 20 m3 day-1 SL treatment plant estimated specific concentrate production costs (SCPC) of $ 1.86·m-3 for FO-NF, compared to $ 3.13·m-3 for standalone FO and $ 8.26 m-3 for AC, with DS regeneration reducing costs by 40%. This work demonstrates the potential of integrated UF-like FO-NF as a sustainable and cost-effective alternative to conventional SL treatment methods, mitigating environmental impacts and enhancing economic viability. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Dewatering

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Utilizing Self-Repairing process for the Construction of Covalent Organic Framework-Chitosan Hybrid Aerogel

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Liu, Jiale Tao, Haijuan Guo, Weikang Yang, Juan Shuai, Qin Yamauchi, Yusuke Huang, Lijin State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry China University of Geosciences No. 388 Lumo Road Hongshan District Wuhan430074 China School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education Hubei Key Lab of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology Wuhan Institute of Technology LiuFang Campus No.206 Guanggu 1st Road Donghu New & High Technology Development Zone Wuhan Hubei Province Wuhan430205 China Department of Materials Process Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University Furo-cho Chikusa-ku Aichi Nagoya464-8603 Japan The University of Queensland BrisbaneQLD4072 Australia

Integration of covalent organic framework (COF) nanoparticles with chitosan (CS) to prepare monolithic materials such as aerogels is regarded as an effective strategy to enhance the utility of COFs. However, the facile and green synthesis of COF-CS aerogels is still a challenging task. In this work, an eco-friendly self-repairing technique was developed to fabricate COF-CS aerogels by taking advantage of the dynamic covalent chemistry feature of COFs. This strategy showcases that the solution-processable COF nanoparticles can be integrated with CS through covalent linking between the amino group of CS and the aldehyde group of COF nanoparticles, resulting in mechanically robust hydrogels. Inspiringly, the crystallinity and large specific surface area of pristine COFs can be well-maintained, and the resulting COF-CS aerogel with low density can achieve self-floating in the water column, thereby facilitating practical applications. Moreover, it was possible to produce aerogels with different COF concentrations by changing the reaction parameters. The versatility of the proposed synthetic method was verified by using different imine-linked COFs. This study provides a green and universal method for the preparation of robust COF-CS aerogels with chemical cross-linking structures, holding huge promise for boosting the practical application of COFs. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Chitosan

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An Efficient Improvement for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Peroxide Production: Sulfur Vacancies in Cain2s4

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Mao, Yue Zhang, Jian Zhao, Yingji Wei, Xiaoqian Jiang, Dong Zhu, Liyang Asakura, Yusuke Liu, Xiaoheng Yamauchi, Yusuke Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education School of Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing210094 China Nanjing210023 China Department of Materials Process Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University Nagoya464-8603 Japan Faculty of Science and Engineering Waseda University 3-4-1 Okubo Shinjuku Tokyo169-8555 Japan The University of Queensland BrisbaneQLD4072 Australia

Visible light-induced synthesis of hydrogen peroxide is a crucial and sustainable approach for environmentally friendly production. In this process, photogenerated electrons and holes catalyze oxygen reduction and water oxidation. Many types of semiconductors have been used as photocatalysts for hydrogen peroxide synthesis, whereas literature is scarce on the use of metal sulfides. This scarcity can be attributed to the critical role of the band structure of the photocatalyst semiconductor in determining the pathways for the oxygen reduction reaction and water oxidation reactions. Achievement of the desired selectivity for photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide synthesis necessitates a strong reduction capability of photogenerated electrons and a valence band with a strong oxidation capability of the holes. However, most metal sulfide semiconductor conduction and valence bands exhibit insufficient potential for achieving the desired selectivity for photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide synthesis, leading to low quantum yields. This study focuses on the ternary metal sulfide CaIn2S4 to modify its band structure by introducing sulfur vacancies. This modification aims to enhance the reduction capability of photogenerated electrons on the conduction band and convert the single-pathway direct 2e- oxygen reduction reaction to the dual-pathway oxygen reduction reaction involving both direct and indirect 2e- pathways. This adjustment significantly increases the utilization efficiency of photogenerated electrons. Furthermore, sulfur vacancies as electron traps can assist in separating and accelerating photogenerated charge carrier transfer, effectively suppressing charge carrier recombination. This study delves into investigating the mechanism underlying the photocatalytic synthesis of hydrogen peroxide by this modified material. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electrons

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Effect of glidant in the formulation of goat milk tablet

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2023年

作者： Nurul Issttifaiyah Aminuddin Mohd Akmal Azhar Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang 26300 Pahang Malaysia

Milk is an essential part of children's diets and can help them grow and develop properly. Goat milk is an excellent source of nutrition, providing a number of important vitamins and minerals. Despite this, the consumption of milk decreases as children grow older, mainly due to the availability of alternative drinks and an aversion to its taste. Therefore, this study aims to develop goat milk in the form of tablets using direct compression methods. This study focuses on improving goat milk's flowability and compressibility by changing the talc amount as a glidant used in the formulation. Six formulations containing 2% to 12% talc were prepared, designated F1 through F6. The results showed that adding talc as the glidant component improved the flowability of the blended powder, with the highest flowability observed at 10% talc concentration in formulation F5. It improved the flowability from “very, very poor” to “passable”, as determined by the USP standard. However, the flowability drops with excess glidant concentration, which is 12%. This study highlights the importance of glidants in improving powder flowability and the need for using suitable concentrations to prevent negative effects on the product's quality. Thus, pure goat milk in the form of liquid can be replaced by goat milk tablets prepared by the direct compression method. The compressibility and flowability of the powder mixed with the goat milk formulation were successfully improved, with good tablet hardness, uniformity of weight and a low friability index.

关键词： Goat milk Direct compression Tablet dosage Glidant Flowability Talc

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Parallel screening and cheminformatics modeling of flavonoid activated aptasensors

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2022年第4期7卷 1148-1158页

作者： Yu Xiu Ni Zhang Pranesha Prabhakaran Sungho Jang Qipeng Yuan Curt MBreneman Gyoo Yeol Jung Wanwipa Vongsangnak Mattheos A.G.Koffas Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Food Beijing Union UniversityBeijing100029China Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary StudiesRensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyNY12180USA State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Rensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyNY12180USA Interdisciplinary Graduate Programs in Bioscience Faculty of ScienceKasetsart UniversityBangkok10900Thailand Omics Center for Agriculture BioresourcesFoodand HealthKasetsart University(OmiKU)BangkokThailand Division of Bioengineering College of Life Sciences and BioengineeringIncheon National University119 Academy-roYeonsu-guIncheon22012South Korea Department of Bioengineering and Nano-Bioengineering Incheon National University119 Academy-roYeonsu-guIncheon22012South Korea Research Center for Bio Materials&Process Development Incheon National University119 Academy-roYeonsu-guIncheon22012South Korea Department of Chemical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology77 Cheongam-roNam-guPohangGyeongbuk37673South Korea School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering Pohang University of Science and Technology77 Cheongam-roNam-guPohangGyeongbuk37673South Korea Department of Zoology Faculty of ScienceKasetsart UniversityBangkok10900Thailand

A parallel screening of 27 different flavonoids and chalcones was conducted using 6 artificial naringenin-activated riboswitches(M1,M2,M3,O,L and H).A quantitative structure-property relationship approach was applied to understand the physicochemical properties of the flavonoid structures resulting in specificity differences relied on the fluorescence intensity of a green fluorescent protein *** models of riboswitches M1,M2 and O that had good predictive power were constructed with descriptors selected for their high *** electronegativity and hydrophilicity of the flavonoids structures were identified as two properties that increased binding affinity to RNA *** groups at the C-3′and C-4’positions of the flavonoid molecule were strictly required for ligand-activation with riboswitches M1 and *** O and L preferred multi-hydroxylated flavones as *** on the A ring of the flavonoid molecule were not important in the molecular recognition process.O-glycosylated derivatives were not recognized by any of the riboswitches,presumably due to steric *** the challenges of detecting RNA conformational change after ligand binding,the resulting models elucidate important physicochemical features in the ligands for conformational structural studies of artificial aptamer complexes and for design of ligands having higher binding specificity.

关键词： Riboswitch RNA device Flavonoids Structure-property relationships Physicochemical properties

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