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BCR leaching procedure to evaluate the mobilization behaviour of ion adsorption type REE deposit in I-type granite weathering profiles

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3014卷

作者： Siti Zaniza Tohar Mohd Yusri Mohd Yunus Noorlisa Binti Harun Faculty Chemical and Process Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang 26300 Gambang Pahang Malaysia Centre for Sustainability of Ecosystem & Earth Resources (ALAM) Universiti Malaysia Pahang 26300 Gambang Pahang Malaysia

Rare earth elements (REE) with specific application value have become the relatively important strategic resource for all countries. These so called ‘technology minerals’ are in increasing demand due to rapidly rising use in consumer technology, renewable energy generation systems, automotive industry, and other high technology sectors. In order to provide information on the chemical processes in mobilization behaviour of ion-adsorption type REE, this study investigated the extraction of REE from ion-adsorption clay deposit samples from weathering I-type granite profiles (saprolite horizon) at Maran, Pahang and Mersing, Johor (Eastern Belt of Peninsular Malaysia). Using a 0.5 M ammonium sulfate solution (adjusted at pH = 4), samples were leached in 1 hour through a Bureau of Certified Reference (BCR) leaching using BCR-701 standard, chosen based on experimental evidence to optimize the leachable REE. The Al2O3 concentration (27-31 wt.%) in saprolite horizon indicates depleted (change <0%) in mobile major (alkali and alkaline earth) elements, most conspicuously in the upper parts of the weathering profiles. The total REE concentrations in saprolite samples is between 438 – 453 ppm and experimental results revealed 70% of ∑REE was leached as ion-adsorption fraction. Saprolite horizon is strongly depleted in Fe and Ti and this depletion in Fe and Ti suggests that REE-bearing minerals containing these elements were broken down and were mobilized in this horizon. Therefore, BCR leaching was proven to be the potential leaching process and could be useful to assess ion-adsorption type REE deposit with low-grade geological resources, especially granite weathering profiles with similar geological settings.

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Potential nanomaterials application in wastewater treatment: Physical, chemical and biological approaches 5

Potential nanomaterials application in wastewater treatment:...

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5th International Conference of chemical engineering and Industrial Biotechnology, ICCEIB 2020

作者： Syahirah Kamarudin, Nur Jusoh, Rohayu Dina Setiabudi, Herma Fateha Sukor, Nuramira Haslinda Shariffuddin, Jun Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang Gambang Kuantan Pahang26300 Malaysia

The essential challenges in the 21st century are providing clean and affordable water to meet human needs that are mainly resulting from the rapidly increasing population, depleting water resources, and climate change. The development and implementation of advanced wastewater treatment technologies with high efficiency and low capital requirement is important in order to minimize the negative impacts of wastes on the environment. Nanotechnology offers a great potential for removal of pollutants and germs from waswater. High surface-to-volume ratio and photocatalytic properties of these nanomaterials introduced them as highly potent option for removal of heavy metal ions and organic dyes. This paper critically reviewed the application of nanomaterials as nano-adsorbent, nano-catalyst and nano-membrane in wastewater treatment. This review also provided an insight into a detailed description and application of these nanomaterials in chemical, physical and biological treatment for removal of pollutant from waswater. From the current review, it is evident that the nanomaterials possess exclusive properties, which can contribute to the high efficacy in treating high levels of different pollutants. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Wastewater treatment

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Biohydrogen and Biogas Production Potential of Sugarcane and Agave Bagasses: Comparing Classical Enzymatic Hydrolysis vs. Ozonolysis-Assisted Enzymatic Hydrolysis

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Pérez-Barragán, Jacobo García-Depraect, Octavio Maya-Yescas, Rafael Vallejo-Rodríguez, Ramiro Palacios-Hinestroza, Hasbleidy Coca, Mónica León-Becerril, Elizabeth Castro-Muñoz, Roberto Department of Environmental Technology Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A. C. Av. Normalistas 800 Colinas de la Normal Jalisco Guadalajara44270 Mexico Institute of Sustainable Processes University of Valladolid Dr. Mergelina s/n. Valladolid47011 Spain Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology University of Valladolid Dr. Mergelina s/n. Valladolid47011 Spain Faculty of Chemical Engineering Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo Ciudad Universitaria Michoacán de Ocampo Morelia58030 Mexico Tecnologico de Monterrey Campus Toluca Avenida Eduardo Monroy Cárdenas 2000 San Antonio Buenavista Toluca de Lerdo50110 Mexico Gdansk University of Technology Faculty of Chemistry Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology 11/12 Narutowicza St. Gdansk80-233 Poland

This study assessed the mesophilic biochemical potential of biohydrogen (BHP) and methane (BMP) from sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and cooked (CAB) and uncooked (UAB) Agave bagasses. Particularly, a systematic comparative analysis was performed between classical enzymatic hydrolysis and ozonolysis-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis, assessing liquid and solid fractions. Ozonolysis delignified partially all the materials tested, while preserving most of fermentable sugars and avoiding the generation of inhibitors. During hydrolysis, ozonolysis also led to higher sugars yields and organic matter solubilization regardless of the bagasse type. Hydrolysates with ozonated material showed the highest BHP of 135, 94 and 105 NmL-H2/g-VSfed and BMP of 250, 269 and 247 NmL-CH4/g-VSfed, for SCB, CAB, and UAB, respectively. The total amount of energy harvested was dependent on the material tested and the primary refining approach applied. Compared to raw material, ozonolysis followed by enzymatic hydrolysis increased both the BHP and BMP by 153–371% and 5–53%, respectively. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Enzymatic hydrolysis

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Photocatalytic degradation of humic acid on oxalate-pyrite/chitosan

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2907卷

作者： Quraisha Zulkiefli Privina Vasudevan Syahir Hanis Mohd Nor Jo Ang Tan Hamidah Abdullah Farhana Aziz Nonni Soraya Sambudi Ahmad Nazrul Rosli Faculty of Chemical & Process Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang 26300 Gambang Pahang Malaysia School of Chemical and Energy Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia Department of Chemical Engineering Universitas Pertamina Simprug Jakarta Selatan 12220 Indonesia Faculty of Science and Technology Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia Bandar Baru Nilai 71800 Nilai Negeri Sembilan Malaysia

In this research, the integrated photocatalyst-adsorbent (IPCA) formulation was built using oxalate-pyrite as the photoactive component and a chitosan as the adsorbents to degrade humic acid under visible light irradiation. The IPCA was synthesized by mixing the oxalate-pyrite powder catalyst with chitosan solution. The beads of IPCA were synthesized using the phase inversion method. Besides, the synthesized IPCA was characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV–visible NIR spectrophotometry. Then, the impact of factors such as the IPCA dosage, initial humic acid concentration and pH on the removal of humic acid was studied. The FTIR and SEM results show that the oxalate-pyrite and chitosan were successfully integrated while the UV Vis NIR result shows that the synthesized IPCA able to absorb visible light. Besides, the photocatalytic activity results show that an increase in the initial concentration from 20 ppm to 100 ppm decreased the removal efficiency from 80 % to 35 % while increase the IPCA dosage from 50 mg/l to 150 mg/l increased the removal efficiency from 20 % to 80 %. The optimum pH was at 9 which resulted 90 % removal efficiency. Moreover, the removal efficiency using oxalate-pyrite/chitosan was 80 % higher than pyrite/chitosan. As conclusion, the oxalate-pyrite/chitosan able to be a potential catalyst for the waste water treatment by photocatalytic reaction method.

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Hydrolysis of corn straw biomass in a membrane reactor in the presence of Tween 80

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Chemie Ingenieur Technik 2022年第9期94卷

作者： K. Dbkowska-Susfał Z. Manasterski Warsaw University of Technology Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Waryńskiego 1 00-645 Warsaw Poland

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Reinforced bioplastic film at different microcrystalline cellulose concentration

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2021年 41卷 77-82页

作者： Nor Amira Othman Fatmawati Adam Nur Hidayah Mat Yasin Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang Lebuhraya Tun Razak 26300 Gambang Kuantan Pahang Malaysia Center of Advanced Research in Fluid Flow (CARIFF) Universiti Malaysia Pahang Lebuhraya Tun Razak 26300 Gambang Kuantan Pahang Malaysia

Plastic pollution has led to the development of bioplastic to replace conventional petroleum-based plastic. It has received attention and interest from many researchers due to the global issues of plastic pollution. The formulation to synthesize the bioplastic film has been established throughout the years with the incorporation of renewable sources such as starch, cellulose, plasticizer and several other additives to obtain a high quality bioplastic film. This study formulated a biocomposite using carrageenan, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), polyethylene glycol (PEG), glyoxylic acid and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) to produce bioplastic films reinforced from a renewable resource. The percentage of MCC was manipulated through the study to observe the strength of the film obtained with the increasing percentage of MCC. The film was cast onto the stainless steel plate and left to dry for 3 h at 60 °C. The results demonstrated that the highest value of tensile strength is 20.74 MPa at 1% of MCC addition. Besides that, the value of moisture content increased with the increasing percentage of MCC which is 16.72% at 3.5% of MCC concentration. Results showed that the increasing concentration of MCC increased the moisture content in the film hence influenced the strength of the bioplastic film obtained.

关键词： Carrageenan Microcrystalline Cellulose Moisture content Tensile strength

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Biofouling prevention in polymer filter media applied for water contaminated with bacteria

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Chemie Ingenieur Technik 2022年第9期94卷

作者： M. Stor K. Wierzchowski R. Kmita M. Pilarek A. Krasiński Warsaw University of Technology Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Waryńskiego 1 00-645 Warsaw Poland

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Membraneless enzymatic biofuel cell powered by starch biomass

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2022年第1期2610卷

作者： Aliyah Jamaludin C. K. M. Faizal 1Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang 26300 Gambang Pahang Malaysia

This present work reports on an eco-friendly and membraneless enzymatic biofuel cell (EBFC) with direct utilization of starch as biofuel. This study examines the compatibility of Metroxylon Sagu (Sago) starch to be used as a substrate in the production of biofuel in EBFC via enzymatic hydrolysis, which has not yet been explored. The hydrolysis is adapted from the idea of simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF), which is widely used in another biofuel production. Alpha-amylase (aAmy) and glucoamylase (Gamy) enzymes (1:1 ratio) are used simultaneously in the hydrolysis process of Sago to produce glucose. Membraneless EBFC makes the biofuel cell less bulky and reduces the cost. The presence of glucose after the hydrolysis process was identified using the DNSA method. Meanwhile, the catalytic currents have been successfully observed in the cyclic voltammetry analysis to confirm the redox reaction. Furthermore, the electrochemical performances of the membraneless EBFC were evaluated in terms of the open circuit voltage (OCV) and the maximum power density. All the measurements were carried out with a potentiostat. The best catalytic currents of an EBFC employing 1.5% (w/v) concentration of Sago substrate and 200 µl of enzymes and present a maximum power density of 39.3 µW cm−2 and an OCV of 0.32 V. The results proved that the direct use of Sago in EBFC successfully produces biofuel and thus generates electricity. Membraneless EBFC is a potential candidate for low-powered implantable and wearable devices.

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Risk based inspection and maintenance strategy for subsea pipelines using Bayesian influence diagram

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期2919卷

作者： Nurul Sa’aadah Sulaiman Nur Amira Zakuan Henry Tan Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang 26300 Gambang Kuantan Pahang Malaysia School of Engineering University of Aberdeen King’s College Aberdeen AB24 3FX United Kingdom

Subsea pipelines are exposed to various threats that may affect their integrity and serviceability. To maintain their integrity, pipeline maintenance should be well planned to avoid excessive repairs and inspections. The uncertainties associated with the deterioration of the subsea pipeline require a comprehensive decision making methodology for maintenance prioritisation. This study proposes a risk based framework for the prioritisation of subsea pipeline segment maintenance schemes subjected to various threats. Bayesian Network and its extension, Influence Diagram are developed to rank the pipeline segments based on the utility value utilising their expected total cost incurred due to risk factors. A case study of a subsea pipeline from the North Sea is used to demonstrate the methodology. Results from the proposed influence diagram are also employed to model preventive maintenance using cost-benefit analysis. It is found that the proposed model can support the decision making of the pipeline’s operators in the process of prioritising subsea pipelines for integrity maintenance and optimising the maintenance interval.

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Base-Catalysed Depolymerization of Lignins in Supercritical Water: Influence of Lignin Nature and Valorisation of Pulping and Biorefinery By-Products

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Pérez Velilla, Eduardo Abad-Fernández, Nerea Lourençon, Tainise Balakshin, Mikhail Sixta, Herbert Cocero, María José Bioeconomy Research Institute High Pressure Process Group Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology University of Valladolid C/ Dr Mergelina s/n Valladolid47005 Spain Department of Physical Chemistry Faculty of Sciences Complutense University of Madrid Avda. Complutense s/n Madrid28040 Spain Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems School of Chemical Engineering Aalto University P.O. Box 16300 Aalto00073 Finland

Different lignins from different sources (hardwoods, softwoods and crop residues) and obtained as by-products of different processes such pulping or biorefining. were depolymerized in alkaline supercritical water (SCW: 386ºC and 260 bar) in an intensified continuous process to produce high value-added compounds with low-molecular-weight in only 300 milliseconds of reaction time. The products obtained were analysed to determine the yield, selectivity to monomers, chemical structure and molecular weight distribution. The char formation was low in most cases, but the proportion of heavy and light oils were variable upon the starting material used. The monoaromatics yield depends mostly on the type of lignin utilized being the non-wood biorefinery lignins less suitable for monomers production than the technical wood ones (13-8%). The monomer distribution depends on the biomass of origin and the pulping method. This technology is equally effective when directly treating a black liquor and better results are obtained if compared to the corresponding isolated lignin. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Lignin

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