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A new concept to forecast the process of suspended sediment accumulation in the bottom sediment of small reservoirs

International Journal of Sediment Research 2023年第4期38卷 556-565页

作者： Maksymilian Cie?la Renata Gruca-Rokosz Lilianna Bartoszek Department of Environmental and Chemistry Engineering Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Architecture Rzeszow University of Technology

The new concept presented for forecasting the rate of accumulation of suspended sediment in reservoir water in the bottom sediment allows reasonable estimates of the siltation process globally, regionally, or locally, to be obtained without the need for costly research. The method draws on three key parameters,i.e., the concentration of suspended sediments（SS）, and its organic matter(OMSS) content, as well as the storage capacity（VR）(i.e., the water storage in the reservoir). All of these parameters easy to determine,with information on them, in fact, made widely available by most agencies managing reservoirs in different parts of the world. In practice, the proposed method can represent a missing link in the precise determination of a reservoirs rate of siltation（and hence, losses of storage capacity）.

关键词： Sediment accumulation Suspended sediment Organic matter Storage reservoirs Siltation rates Water resources

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Estimating pedestrian traffic with Bluetooth sensor technology

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地球空间信息科学学报（英文版） 2024年第5期27卷前插1,1391-1404页

作者： Avital Angel Achituv Cohen Sagi Dalyot Pnina Plaut Faculty of Architecture and Town Planning Technion-Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifaIsrael Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Technion-Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifaIsrael

The increasing availability of ubiquitous sensor data on the built environment holds great potential for a new generation of travel and mobility *** technology,for example,is already vastly used in vehicular transportation management solutions and *** studies discuss the potential of this emerging technology for pedestrian mobility research,but it has yet to be examined in a large urban *** of the main problems is detecting pedestrians from Bluetooth records since their behavior and movement patterns share similarities with other urban transportation *** study aims to accurately detect pedestrians using a network of 65 Bluetooth detectors located in Tel-Aviv,Israel,which record on average over 60,000 unique daily Bluetooth Media-Access-Control *** propose a detection methodology that includes system calibration,effective travel time calculation,and classification by velocity that takes into consideration the probability of vehicular traffic *** evaluation of the proposed methodology presents a promising pedestrian detection accuracy rate of 89％.We showcase the results of pedestrian traffic analysis,together with a discussion on the data analysis challenges and *** the best of our knowledge,this work is the first to analyze pedestrian records detection from a Bluetooth network employed in a dynamic urban environment setting.

关键词： Bluetooth technology ubiquitous sensor network pedestrian mobility pedestrian detection walking

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Unravelling the nature of the active species as well as the Mn doping effect over gamma-Al_(2)O_(3) catalyst for eliminating AsH_(3) and PH_(3)

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 213-225页

作者： Bowen Xu Jiaxin Qu Xueqian Wang Langlang Wang Yu Pu Ping Ning Yibing Xie Yixing Ma Qiang Ma Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650500China School of Architecture and Civil Engineering Chengdu UniversityChengdu 610106China

To investigate the enhancing effect of Mn on the performance of simultaneous catalytic oxidation of AsH_(3)and PH_(3)by CuO-Al_(2)O_(3)in a reducing atmosphere under micro-oxygen conditions,Cu-Mn modifiedγ-Al_(2)O_(3)catalysts were *** characteristics of the catalysts showed that Mn reduced the crystallinity of the active CuO component,increased the number of oxygen vacancies and acidic sites on the catalyst surface,enhanced the mobility of surface oxygen,and the interaction between copper and manganese promoted the redox cycling ability of the catalysts and improved their oxidation performance,which increased the conversion frequency(TOF)by 2.54×10^(-2)to 3.07×10^(-2)sec^(-1).On the other hand,the introduction of Mn reduced the production of phosphate and As_(2)O_(3)on the catalyst surface by30.96%and 44.9%,which reduced the coverage and inerting of the active sites by phosphate and As_(2)O_(3),resulting in an 8 hr(6 hr)improvement in the stability of PH_(3)(AsH_(3))removal.

关键词： AsH_(3)-PH_(3)removal Oxygen activation Mn doping Stability enhancement

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IMPACT OF VISIBILITY ON TRAFFIC INCIDENTS AT SIGNALIZED INTERSECTIONS – A CASE STUDY IN POLISH CITIES

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Archives of Transport 2025年第1期73卷 53-78页

作者： Iwanowicz, Damian Klusek, Radoslaw Department of Road and Transportation Engineering and Geotechnic Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Architecture Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology Bydgoszcz Poland

In urban agglomerations, signalized intersections are common. However, in traffic management, safety-focused strategies are often sacrificed for traffic efficiency by allowing simultaneous multiple conflicting movements. We identified this issue by analyzing the most dangerous signalized intersections in several Polish cities. Our research evaluated whether obstructed sight distances between major and minor traffic streams could be a significant problem at these intersections. To achieve this, we employed existing models of visibility analysis related to stopping sight distance. We determined the key parameter for stopping sight distance based on our vehicle speed studies. Tests were conducted using unmanned aerial vehicles over the intersections in the cities under consideration. Subsequently, we adapted available sight distance models to characterize conflicting streams with simultaneous green signals in a signal phase. We distinguished between major movements, including tram, pedestrian, and cyclist traffic, and minor streams, primarily involving turning vehicle movements at the intersection. Through this approach, we analyzed stopping sight distance and found that in about 60% of the cases studied, the obstructed sight distances led to a higher number of traffic incidents in the areas of conflict between major and minor traffic streams. The overall number of traffic incidents was more than 57% higher in areas with obstructed sight distance conditions, with the worst statistics involving incidents with vulnerable road users. This straightforward approach confirmed the findings of many studies that sight distance is one of the most critical factors influencing traffic safety. Based on our research findings, we recommend implementing safe traffic management strategies at intersections with obstructed sight distances, specifically multiphase signalization. Additionally, due to the often-necessary compromise in phases involving pedestrian and cyclist traffic, we reco

关键词： Bicycles

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Stochastic response of steel columns subjected to lateral blast based on modified single degree of freedom (MSDOF) method

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Resilient Cities and Structures 2025年第1期4卷 1-15页

作者： Momeni, Mohammad Bedon, Chiara Hadianfard, Mohammad Ali Malekpour, Sina Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Fasa University Fasa Iran Department of Engineering and Architecture University of Trieste Trieste Italy Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Shiraz University of Technology Shiraz Iran

This paper aims to evaluate the stochastic response of steel columns subjected to blast loads using the modified single degree of freedom (MSDOF) method, which assessed towards the conventional single degree of freedom (SDOF) and the experimentally validated Finite Element (FE) methods (LSDYNA). For this purpose, special attention is given to calculating the response of H-shaped steel columns under blast. The damage amount is determined based on the support rotation criterion, which is expressed as a function of their maximum lateral mid-span displacement. To account for uncertainties in input parameters and obtain the failure probability, the Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) method is employed, complemented by the Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) method to reduce the number of simulations. A parametric analysis is hence performed to examine the effect of several input parameters (including both deterministic and probabilistic parameters) on the probability of column damage as a function of support rotation. First, the MSDOF method confirms its higher accuracy in estimating the probability of column damage due to blast, compared to the conventional SDOF. The collected results also show that uncertainties of several input parameters have significant effects on the column behavior. In particular, geometric parameters (including cross-sectional characteristics, boundary conditions and column length) have major effect on the corresponding column response, in the same way of input blast load parameters and material properties. © 2024 The Author(s)

关键词： Monte Carlo methods

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Development Directions of Small Historic Cities in the Subcarpathia 18th

Development Directions of Small Historic Cities in the Subca...

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18th International Conference Current Issues of civil and environmental engineering Lviv - Košice – Rzeszów, CEE 2023

作者： Martyka, Anna Maria Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Architecture Rzeszow University of Technology Rzeszow Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9783031449543

The study of urban forms takes into account historical, spatial and functional perspectives in order to better understand contemporary trends and effectively manage future development. Poland’s medieval cities, with their unique heritage, are of particular value for research. Small cities with historical features are often underestimated elements of the European cultural heritage, with preserved monuments being of key importance for them, shaping their urban character and identity. The study focuses on the integration of historic centers with the rest of the urban landscape, which can create a coherent, sustainable environment that balances heritage and modernity. The practical aim is to provide general guidelines for urban planning. The examples of Brzostek, Kolaczyce and Pilzno, small cities in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship with a rich heritage of medieval urban planning, serve as a model for the research objective. Classical tools and methods of urban planning, together with qualitative research methods, are used to assess the Urban Integration Index of these historic centres. Research has shown that, despite changes, they have retained their characteristic genius loci and key elements of spatial structure. Although traditional functions such as housing, commerce, services and administration still exist, the research suggests that contemporary functions such as the concentration of social, tourist and recreational life are lacking. Recommendations include improving the integration of public spaces, enhancing residential functions, reorganizing pedestrian and cycle transport, controlling advertising and improving the quality of architecture. All of this can be achieved through effective spatial and urban planning, which will contribute to the sustainable use of resources and improve the quality of life of residents. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Integration

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Development of a hazard risk map for assessing pedestrian risk in urban flash floods:A case study in Cúcuta,Colombia

River

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River 2024年第1期3卷 8-23页

作者： Gerald Augusto Corzo Perez Diego Ivan Sanchez Tapiero Manuel Antonio Contreras Martínez Chris Zevenbergen IHE Delft Institute for Water Education Hydroinformatics and Digital InnovationDelftThe Netherlands Master in Environmental Engineering Civil Engineering ProgramFaculty of Engineering and ArchitectureUniversity of PamplonaPamplonaColombia Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences Delft University of TechnologyDelftThe Netherlands

The rapid growth of impervious areas in urban basins worldwide has increased the number of impermeable surfaces in cities,leading to severe flooding and significant economic losses for *** trend highlights the urgent need for methodologies that assess flood hazards and specifically address the direct impact on pedestrians,which is often overlooked in traditional flood hazard *** study aims to evaluate a methodology for assessing the risk to pedestrians from hydrodynamic forces during urban floods,with a specific focus on Cúcuta,*** methodology couples research outcomes from other studies on the impact of floodwaters on individuals of different ages and sizes with 1D/2D hydrological *** computational algorithms for image recognition were used to measure water levels at 5-s intervals on November 6,2020,using drones for digital elevation model data *** Cúcuta,where flood risk is high and drainage infrastructure is limited,the PCSWMM(Computer-based Urban Stormwater Management Model)was calibrated and validated to simulate extreme flood *** model incorporated urban infrastructure details and geomorphological parameters of Cúcuta's urban *** return periods(5,10,50,100),with extreme rainfall of 3 h,were used to estimate the variability of the risk *** output of the model was analyzed,and an integrated and time-varying comparison of the results was *** show that the regions of high-water depth and high velocity could vary significantly along the duration of the different extreme ***,from 5 to 100 years return period,the percentage of area at risk increased from 9.6%to 16.6%.The pedestrian sensitivity appears much higher than the increase in velocities or water depth *** study identified medium to high-risk locations,which are dynamic in *** can conclude dynamics are spatiotemporal,and the added information layer of pedestrians brings vulnerability information that is a

关键词： hazard and risk mapping pedestrian risk urban flood

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Microbiological Stability of Post-fermentation Leachate 18th

Microbiological Stability of Post-fermentation Leachate

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18th International Conference Current Issues of civil and environmental engineering Lviv - Košice – Rzeszów, CEE 2023

作者： Zdeb, Monika Zamorska, Justyna Masloń, Adam Department of Water Purification and Protection Faculty of Civil Environmental Engineering and Architecture Rzeszów University of Technology Rzeszów Poland Department of Environmental and Chemistry Engineering Faculty of Civil Environmental Engineering and Architecture Rzeszów University of Technology Rzeszów Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9783031449543

Wastewater is an environment very rich in a number of microorganisms, including many pathogens. The conducted research aimed to determine the microbiological quality of the post-fermentation leachates from municipal treatment plants and the parameters of their hygienization. Thermal treatment of liquid from mechanical dewatering of sewage sludge from sewage treatment plants results in complete hygienization, which leads to a fully sanitary-safe liquid fertilizer preparation. The preparation obtained does not contain pathogenic bacteria and intestinal parasite eggs. Compared to other natural fertilizers or waste fertilizing products, the use of a liquid form greatly facilitates its penetration into the soil, which does not pose a threat to the health and life of animals and people. Microbiological stability of leachate after hygienization was check and to indicate whether the hygienized leachate can be stored (e.g., in sales packages). The tests performed showed very rapid regrowth of the bacterial microflora of both raw and hygienized leachates. The number of microorganisms after 20 days of storing hygienized leachate at temperatures of 15 and 22℃ increases significantly. In the context of using such leachates as fertilizer, it is suggested to use them immediately after the hygienization process. No coliform bacteria were detected in the leachate stored for 20 days, but the total number of microorganisms increased so much that it may pose a sanitary threat. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Fermentation

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Fatigue Performance of Real-Scale Precast GFRP Reinforced Lightweight Concrete Arches 16

Fatigue Performance of Real-Scale Precast GFRP Reinforced Li...

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16th International Symposium on Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Reinforcement for Concrete Structures, FRPRCS 2024 at the ACI Spring 2024 Convention

作者： Piątek, Bartosz Siwowski, Tomasz The Department of Roads and Bridges The Faculty of Civil Engineering Environmental Engineering and Architecture The Rzeszów University of Technology Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9781641952439

Due to a dynamic development of infrastructure, engineers around the world are looking for new materials and structural solutions, which could be more durable, cheaper in the life cycle management, and built quickly. One of prospective solutions for building small-span bridges can be precast lightweight concrete reinforced with glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) rebars. Thanks to prefabrication, it is possible to shorten the construction time. Using lightweight concrete affects structure weight as well as transportation costs. GFRP rebars can make the structure more durable and also cheaper in terms of life cycle management costs. The paper focuses on the fatigue performance of a real-scale arch (10.0 m (33 ft) long, 1.0 m (3.3 ft) wide, and 2.4 m (7.9 ft) high) made of lightweight concrete and GFRP rebars (LWC/GFRP) in comparison with an arch made of normal weight concrete and typical steel reinforcement (NWC/steel). The fatigue loads ranging from 12 to 120 kN (2.7 to 27 kip) were applied in a sinusoidal variable manner with a frequency of 1.5 Hz. This research revealed that the NWC/steel arch exhibited significantly better fatigue resistance when compared to the LWC/GFRP arch. Differences in the behavior of the NWC/steel and LWC/GFRP models under fatigue load were visible from the beginning of the research. The LWC/GFRP model was exposed to fatigue loads, resulting in gradual deterioration at an early stage. This degradation was evident through stiffness being progressively reduced, leading to increased displacements and strains as the number of load cycles increased. The model did not withstand the fatigue load and was destroyed after approximately 390 thousand load cycles, in contrast to the NWC/steel model, which withstood all 2 million load cycles without significant damages or the stiffness being decreased. However, the prefabricated lightweight concrete arches with composite reinforcement seem to be an interesting alternative of load-bearing elements in i

关键词： Light weight concrete

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Long-term behaviour of instrumented RC culvert with high soil cover using EPS for load reduction 11th

Long-term behaviour of instrumented RC culvert with high soi...

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11th International Conference on Bridge Maintenance, Safety and Management, IABMAS 2022

作者： Maleska, T. Nowacka, J. Beben, D. Vaslestad, J. Faculty of Civil Engineering Architecture and Environmental Engineering Lodz University of Technology Lodz Poland Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture Opole University of Technology Opole Poland As Norway

ISBN: (纸本)9781032345314

The paper analyses a reinforced concrete (RC) culvert with a diameter of 1400 mm and a length of more than 100 m and a soil cover height of 22 m. The structure is located near Tømtebekken in Norway. The main purpose of the paper is to show the influence of the EPS layer on the long-term behaviour of the culvert structure and the surrounding soil. The EPS layer used had a thickness of 500 mm, a width of 2750 mm, and a density of 20 kg/m3. It was located above the culvert crown. The long-term behaviour of the culvert, as well as the earth pressures and displacement, has been monitored for 14 years. The measurements showed that the soil pressure was reduced to 23% of the overburden pressure (weight of the soil). Soil pressures and displacements stabilized over time. The experimental tests were compared with the results of numerical analyses performed in the DIANA FEA numerical program. In the numerical analysis, subsidence and soil pressure during the service of the structure were taken into account. The numerical analysis performed can be helpful in the design of new RC culverts located in the roads and railways. Additionally, the research results may be helpful in assessing the technical condition of the existing RC culverts. © 2022 the Author(s).

关键词： Culverts

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