Cooperative Multi-In Multi-Out (MIMO) schemes can reduce both transmission energy and latency in distributed wireless sensor networks (WSNs). When circuit energy is considered in such networks, the total energy consum...
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Cooperative Multi-In Multi-Out (MIMO) schemes can reduce both transmission energy and latency in distributed wireless sensor networks (WSNs). When circuit energy is considered in such networks, the total energy consumed as the number of cooperating nodes increases becomes of particular interest. In addition, most of the previous works focused only on space-time-block-code (STBC) schemes and ignore other MIMO schemes. In this paper we present a comparison study of three cooperative MIMO schemes: beamforming (BF), STBC and spatial multiplexing (SM) where both the transmission and circuit energies are considered. We consider a wireless sensor network operating in quasi-static Rayleigh fading channels with M cooperating transmit nodes and N cooperating receive nodes. We show that the single-in-single-out (SISO) scheme is more energy-efficient and has lower packet latency at higher regions of transmission power while the three cooperative MIMO schemes are more energy-efficient and outperform the SISO scheme at the lower regions. From our analysis, we can conclude that, beamforming outperforms both the SM and STBC schemes in term of energy-efficiency and lower packet latency. Also we suggest that the beamforming scheme utilising two transmit nodes results in an efficient cooperative system.
作者:
He-xuan HuAnne-lise GehinMireille BayartLanguages
Informatics Systems and Software Engineering Department Faculty of Computer Science Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille Villeneuve d'Ascq France
This paper proposes a formal framework for reconfigurable control, based on model checking. This framework first generates a flexible model (i.e., an execution structure) according to the diagnosis, then defines a tem...
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This paper proposes a formal framework for reconfigurable control, based on model checking. This framework first generates a flexible model (i.e., an execution structure) according to the diagnosis, then defines a temporal specification language to deal with the problems due to infinite execution cycles and non-determinism, and finally provides the algorithms that will automatically verify whether the updated model satisfies the desired specification.
Compression is an important field of digital image processing where well-engineered methods with high performance exist. Partial differential equations (PDEs), however, have not much been explored in this context so f...
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Compression is an important field of digital image processing where well-engineered methods with high performance exist. Partial differential equations (PDEs), however, have not much been explored in this context so far. In our paper we introduce a novel framework for image compression that makes use of the interpolation qualities of edge-enhancing diffusion. Although this anisotropic diffusion equation with a diffusion tensor was originally proposed for image denoising, we show that it outperforms many other PDEs when sparse scattered data must be interpolated. To exploit this property for image compression, we consider an adaptive triangulation method for removing less significant pixels from the image. The remaining points serve as scattered interpolation data for the diffusion process. They can be coded in a compact way that reflects the B-tree structure of the triangulation. We supplement the coding step with a number of amendments such as error threshold adaptation, diffusion-based point selection, and specific quantisation strategies. Our experiments illustrate the usefulness of each of these modifications. They demonstrate that for high compression rates, our PDE-based approach does not only give far better results than the widely-used JPEG standard, but can even come close to the quality of the highly optimised JPEG2000 codec.
Inspired by Weber's Law, this paper proposes a simple, yet very powerful and robust local descriptor, Weber Local Descriptor (WLD). It is based on the fact that human perception of a pattern depends on not only th...
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Inspired by Weber's Law, this paper proposes a simple, yet very powerful and robust local descriptor, Weber Local Descriptor (WLD). It is based on the fact that human perception of a pattern depends on not only the change of a stimulus (such as sound, lighting, et al.) but also the original intensity of the stimulus. Specifically, WLD consists of two components: its differential excitation and orientation. A differential excitation is a function of the ratio between two terms: One is the relative intensity differences of its neighbors against a current pixel;the other is the intensity of the current pixel. An orientation is the gradient orientation of the current pixel. For a given image, we use the differential excitation and the orientation components to construct a concatenated WLD histogram feature. Experimental results on Brodatz textures show that WLD impressively outperforms the other classical descriptors (e.g., Gabor). Especially, experimental results on face detection show a promising performance. Although we train only one classifier based on WLD features, the classifier obtains a comparable performance to state-of-the-art methods on MIT+CMU frontal face test set, AR face dataset and CMU profile test set.
Cooperative MIMO schemes can reduce both transmission energy and latency in distributed wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In this paper we develop a new cooperative low power listening (LPL) medium access control (MAC)...
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Cooperative MIMO schemes can reduce both transmission energy and latency in distributed wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In this paper we develop a new cooperative low power listening (LPL) medium access control (MAC) protocol for two cooperative MIMO schemes: optimal beamforming (BF) and spatial multiplexing (SM). We develop analytical models for the total energy consumption and packet latency for both schemes and analyse the proposed MAC protocol in term of the total energy consumption and packet latency with imperfect synchronisation due to clock jitter. The impact of the clock jitter, the check interval and the number of cooperative nodes on the total energy consumption and latency are investigated. We observe that the cooperative LPL MAC with Optimal BF is the most promising configuration and it is optimal when then number of co-operating nodes M=2 and jitter difference is below 0.6 Tb.
This paper presents stability analysis of the time-delayed equivalent control based single input sliding mode control systems using an LMI approach. Conditions to guarantee the boundedness of the control system trajec...
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This paper presents stability analysis of the time-delayed equivalent control based single input sliding mode control systems using an LMI approach. Conditions to guarantee the boundedness of the control system trajectories under the time-delayed equivalent control based sliding mode control are obtained. Maximum upper bound of the delay time to guarantee stability is estimated. Digital simulations are conducted to verify the theoretical results.
This paper studies the time-delay effect on the equivalent control based sliding mode control. Conditions to guarantee the boundedness of the control system steady states under the time delayed equivalent control base...
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This paper studies the time-delay effect on the equivalent control based sliding mode control. Conditions to guarantee the boundedness of the control system steady states under the time delayed equivalent control based sliding mode control are obtained. Maximum upper bound of the delay time to guarantee boundedness is estimated. Simulations are conducted to verify the theoretical results.
We consider a data set in which each example is an n-dimensional Boolean vector labeled as true or false. A pattern is a co-occurrence of a particular value combination of a given subset of the variables. If a pattern...
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Based on the ZeroX algorithm, we proposed a fast and efficient crosstalk-free algorithm called the Fast ZeroX algorithm for solving optical crosstalk problem in omega networks. In our approach, we introduced the conce...
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Based on the ZeroX algorithm, we proposed a fast and efficient crosstalk-free algorithm called the Fast ZeroX algorithm for solving optical crosstalk problem in omega networks. In our approach, we introduced the concept of inverse conflict matrix (iCM), another representation of a conflict matrix in which it summarizes all possible conflicts between each node in the network. Using iCM, the ZeroX algorithm is simplified, thus improved by reducing the time needed for routing process. From our simulation results, it is shown that our approach yields better performance in terms of minimal routing time in comparison to the original ZeroX algorithm.
A series of experiments aimed to generate and learn fuzzy models for the valuation of residential premises was conducted using the KEEL tool (Knowledge Extraction based on Evolutionary Learning). Four regression and f...
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