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PR-FCNN: a data-driven hybrid approach for predicting PM2.5 concentration

Discover Artificial Intelligence 2024年第1期4卷 1-22页

作者： Inam, Syed Azeem Khan, Abdullah Ayub Mazhar, Tehseen Ahmed, Noor Shahzad, Tariq Khan, Muhammad Amir Saeed, Mamoon M. Hamam, Habib Department of Artificial Intelligence and Mathematical Sciences Sindh Madressatul Islam University Karachi74000 Pakistan Department of Computer Science Bahria University Karachi Campus Sindh Karachi75000 Pakistan Department of Computer Science and information Technology School Education Department Government of Punjab Layyah 31200 Pakistan Department of Computer Science Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology Karachi Pakistan Department of Computer Science COMSATS University Islamabad Sahiwal Campus Sahiwal57000 Pakistan School of Computing Sciences College of Computing Informatics and Mathematics Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor Shah Alam40450 Malaysia Sana’a Yemen Faculty of Engineering Uni de Moncton MonctonNBE1A3E9 Canada School of Electrical Engineering University of Johannesburg Johannesburg 2006 South Africa Av. Grandes Ecoles Libreville BP 1989 Gabon Bridges for Academic Excellence Spectrum Tunis Tunisia

The atmosphere’s fine articulate Matter (PM2.5) poses various health-related risks. Even though multiple efforts have been made to lower the emissions of these substances, the mortality rate is continuously increasing, requiring immediate inclination of the scientific community towards the design and development of advanced predictive models. Conventional statistical approaches have become dormant due to their limitations in capturing the innate relationships between the pollutants, particularly for predicting PM2.5 concentrations. In contrast, machine and deep learning techniques have shown great potential for forecasting air quality, providing more accuracy than its predecessor techniques. The present study investigates the utilization of hybrid approaches by integrating machine learning models with deep learning models to improve the prediction capabilities of PM2.5 concentration. It uses datasets from the World Air Quality Index (WAQI) and the State of Global Air (SOGA) to analyze the performance of the models on both the daily and annual data, respectively. This ensures the model’s effectiveness on a diversified dataset. The present study implements Random Forest (RF), Polynomial Regression (PR), XGBoost, and Extra Tree Regressor (ETR) coupled with Fully Connected Neural Network (FCNN), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and Bi-directional LSTM (Bi-LSTM) for obtaining optimized results. Finally, after a thorough investigation, the hybrid PR model coupled with FCNN (PR-FCNN) is found to be the best model with improved R-squared (R2) values, portraying its potential for predicting PM2.5 concentration accurately. Based on the experimentation, the preset study recommends implementing hybrid approaches, offering better predictive accuracy in forecasting air pollutants, especially PM2.5. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Health risks

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Dynamic Independent Component Extraction with Blending Mixing Vector: Lower Bound on Mean Interference-to-Signal Ratio

Dynamic Independent Component Extraction with Blending Mixin...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Jaroslav Čmejla Zbyněk Koldovský Václav Kautský Tülay Adali Faculty of Mechatronics Informatics and Interdisciplinary Studies Technical University of Liberec Czech Republic Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Maryland Baltimore MD USA

This paper deals with dynamic Blind Source Extraction (BSE) from where the mixing parameters characterizing the position of a source of interest (SOI) are allowed to vary over time. We present a new source extraction model called CvxCSV which is a parameter-reduced modification of the recent Constant Separation Vector (CSV) mixing model. In CvxCSV, the mixing vector evolves as a convex combination of its initial and final values. We derive a lower bound on the achievable mean interference-to-signal ratio (ISR) based on the Cramér-Rao theory. The bound reveals advantageous properties of CvxCSV compared with CSV and compared with a sequential BSE based on independent component extraction (ICE). In particular, the achievable ISR by CvxCSV is lower than that by the previous approaches. Moreover, the model requires significantly weaker conditions for identifiability, even when the SOI is Gaussian.

关键词： Analytical models Signal processing algorithms Signal processing Data models Acoustics Speech processing

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Distributed Gradient Clustering: Convergence and the Effect of Initialization

Distributed Gradient Clustering: Convergence and the Effect ...

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Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems & computers

作者： Aleksandar Armacki Himkant Sharma Dragana Bajović Dušan Jakovetić Mrityunjoy Chakraborty Soummya Kar Electrical and Computer Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA Electronics and Electrical Communication Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur India Department of Power Electronics and Computer Engineering Faculty of Technical Sciences University of Novi Sad Novi Sad Serbia Department of Mathematics and Informatics Faculty of Sciences University of Novi Sad Novi Sad Serbia

ISBN: (数字)9798350354058

ISBN: (纸本)9798350354065

We study the effects of center initialization on the performance of a family of distributed gradient-based clustering algorithms introduced in [1], that work over connected networks of users. In the considered scenario, each user contains a local dataset and communicates only with its immediate neighbours, with the aim of finding a global clustering of the joint data. We perform extensive numerical experiments, evaluating the effects of center initialization on the performance of our family of methods, demonstrating that our methods are more resilient to the effects of initialization, compared to centralized gradient clustering [2]. Next, inspired by the $K$ -means++ initialization [3], we propose a novel distributed center initialization scheme, which is shown to improve the performance of our methods, compared to the baseline random initialization.

关键词： computers Clustering methods Clustering algorithms Convergence

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Kco: Balancing Class Distribution in Just-in-Time Software Defect Prediction Using Kernel Crossover Oversampling

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Ismail, Ahmad Muhaimin Hamid, Siti Hafizah Ab Sani, Asmiza Abdul Daud, Nur Nasuha Mohd Department of Software Engineering Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur50603 Malaysia Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology and Informatics University Malaysia Terengganu Kuala Terengganu Terengganu21030 Malaysia

ContextThe performance of the defect prediction model by using balanced and imbalanced datasets makes a big impact on the discovery of future defects. Current resampling techniques only address the imbalanced datasets without taking into consideration redundancy and noise inherent to the imbalanced *** address the imbalance issue, we propose Kernel Crossover Oversampling (KCO), an oversampling technique based on kernel analysis and cross-over interpolation. Specifically, the proposed technique aims to generate balanced datasets by increasing data diversity in order to reduce redundancy and *** first represents multidimensional features into two-dimensional features by employing Kernel Principal Component Analysis (KPCA). KCO then divides the plotted data distribution by deploying spectral clustering to select the best region for interpolation. Lastly, KCO generates the new defect data by cross-interpolating different data templates within the selected data *** to the prediction evaluation conducted, KCO consistently produced F-scores ranging from 21% to 63% across six datasets, on average. According to the experimental results presented in this study, KCO provides more effective prediction performance than other baseline *** experimental results show that KCO within project and cross project predictions especially consistently achieve higher performance of F-score results. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Interpolation

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Optimizing Resource Utilization Using Vector Databases in Green Internet of Things

Optimizing Resource Utilization Using Vector Databases in Gr...

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IEEE Globecom Workshops

作者： Rani Kumari Dinesh Kumar Sah Korhan Cengiz Ali Nauman Nikola Ivkovi Ivan Mihaljevi Department of Computer Science and Engineering Birla Institutue of technology Ranchi India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan Bhuwanswar India Department of Computer Engineering Istinye University Istanbul Turkey Department of Information Technologies Faculty of Informatics and Management University of Hradec Kralove Kralove Czech Republic Department of Information and Communication Engineering Yeungnam University Gyeongbuk Republic of Korea Faculty of Organization and Informatics University of Zagreb Varaždin Croatia

With the rapid proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices and the ever-increasing volume of sensor data, optimizing resource utilization has become crucial for building sustainable and efficient IoT systems. In this study, we propose a novel approach for optimizing resource utilization in Green IoT through efficient storage and retrieval in vector databases. Our approach leverages specialized data structures, including k-d trees and ball trees, to achieve improved storage efficiency and accelerated retrieval performance for high-dimensional sensor data. We conducted extensive experiments to evaluate the effectiveness of our proposal, comparing it with traditional database approaches. The results demonstrate significant improvements in storage efficiency, with vector databases requiring considerably less storage space compared to traditional databases. Moreover, our approach enables fast and accurate retrieval of high-dimensional sensor data, reducing query times and enhancing real-time data analysis and decision-making capabilities. The technical achievements of our proposal offer promising prospects for the development of sustainable and efficient IoT systems in various domains, such as environmental monitoring, healthcare, and smart cities. Our work contributes to advancing the field of Green IoT by addressing the challenges of resource utilization and query performance through efficient storage and retrieval in vector databases.

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Convolutional Neural Network Based Deep Neural Network Model for Electrocardiogram Records Classification 7

Convolutional Neural Network Based Deep Neural Network Model...

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7th International Conference on Future Networks and Distributed Systems, ICFNDS 2023

作者： Khudhur, Ahmed Mahmood Alwan, Mohammed Hasan Al Omairi, Qayssar Mahmood, Omar Abdulkareem Hammadi, Yousif I Muthanna, Mohammed Saleh Ali Aziz, Ahmed Muthanna, Ammar Information Technology Department College Of Computer Science And Information Technology Kirkuk University Iraq Department Of Communications Engineering College Of Engineering University Of Diyala Baqubah32001 Iraq Department Of Computer Engineering College Of Engineering University Of Diyala Iraq Bilad Alrafidain University College Diyala32001 Iraq Institute Of Computer Technologies And Information Security Southern Federal University Taganrog344006 Russia Department Of Computer Science Faculty Of Computer And Artificial Intelligence Benha University Egypt Department Of International Business Management Tashkent State University Of Economics Tashkent Uzbekistan Department Of Telecommunication Networks And Data Transmission The Bonch Bruevich Saint Petersburg State University Of Telecommunications Russia Department Of Applied Probability And Informatics Peoples Friendship University Of Russia Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9798400709036

Cardiovascular diseases, also known as CVDs, currently rank as the primary incidence of mortality. The present approach for identifying illnesses involves the analysis of the Electrocardiogram (ECG), an electronic diagnostic device utilized to capture the rhythm of the heart. Regrettably, the process of seeking out specialists to conduct analysis on a substantial volume of electrocardiogram (ECG) data results in a significant depletion of medical capabilities. Hence, the utilization of deep learning algorithms for the identification of ECG characteristics has progressively gained prominence. Nevertheless, there exist certain limitations associated with these conventional approaches, which necessitate the need for manual characteristic identification, intricate models, and extensive training duration. This study presents a novel and effective approach for categorizing the five different types of heartbeats in the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia database. The proposed method involves the utilization of a 16-layer deep one-dimensional convolutional neural network, which exhibits both robustness and efficiency in its classification performance. Thus, the designed model is consisting of five-groups, first to fourth groups are the main feature extraction and mapping blocks, while the fifth group is fully connected and classification layers. The findings indicate that the model presented in this study has superior performance in terms of accuracy, precision, and F1-score. The proper classification of medical cases has a significant impact on the conservation of medical resources, hence positively influencing clinical practice. Additionally, the model training phase is characterized by its efficiency, since it does not significantly deplete resources. © 2023 ACM.

关键词： Electrocardiograms

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Integration of Large Language Models into Higher Education: A Perspective from Learners

Integration of Large Language Models into Higher Education: ...

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International Symposium on computers in Education (SIIE)

作者： Katerina Zdravkova Fisnik Dalipi Fredrik Ahlgren Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering Ss. Cyril and Methodius University Skopje N. Macedonia Department of Informatics Faculty of Technology Linnaeus University Kalmar Sweden Department of Computer Science and Media Technology Faculty of Technology Linnaeus University Kalmar Sweden

Large language models (LLMs) are being criticized for copyright infringement, inadvertent bias in training data, a danger to human innovation, the possibility of distributing incorrect or misleading information, and prejudice. Due to their popularity among students, the introduction of many comparable apps, and the inability to resist unfair and fraudulent student usage, their educational use needs to be adapted and harmonized. The incorporation of LLMs should be defined not only by pedagogues and educational institutions, but also by students who will actively utilize them to learn and prepare assignments. In order to find out what students from two universities think and suggest about LLMs use in education, they were asked to give their contribution by answering the survey that was conducted at the beginning of the spring semester of academic 2022/23. Their feedback was quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed, showing in a better light what students think about LLMs and how and why they would use them. Based on the analysis, the authors propose an original strategy for integrating LLMs into education. The proposed approach is also adapted for those students who are not interested in using LLMs and for those who prefer the hybrid mode by combining their own research with LLMs generated recommendations. The authors expect that by implementing the proposed strategy, schools will benefit from a better education in which research, creativity, academic honesty, recognition of false information, and the ability to improve knowledge will prevail.

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A Speech Cryptosystem Using the New Chaotic System with a Capsule-Shaped Equilibrium Curve

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第6期75卷 5987-6006页

作者： Mohamad Afendee Mohamed Talal Bonny Aceng Sambas Sundarapandian Vaidyanathan Wafaa Al Nassan Sen Zhang Khaled Obaideen Mustafa Mamat Mohd Kamal Mohd Nawawi Faculty of Informatics and Computing Universiti Sultan Zainal AbidinMalaysia Department of Computer Engineering University of SharjahSharjah26666UAE Department of Mechanical Engineering Universitas Muhammadiyah TasikmalayaIndonesia Research and Development Centre Vel Tech UniversityAvadiChennaiIndia School of Artificial Intelligence and Automationand Key Laboratory of Image Processingand Intelligent Control of Education Ministry of ChinaHuazhong University of Scienceand TechnologyWuhan430074China Institute of Strategic Industrial Decision Modeling School of Quantitative SciencesUniversiti Utara Malaysia06010UUM SintokKedahMalaysia

In recent years,there are numerous studies on chaotic systems with special equilibrium curves having various shapes such as circle,butterfly,heart and *** paper describes a new 3-D chaotic dynamical system with a capsule-shaped equilibrium *** proposed chaotic system has two quadratic,two cubic and two quartic nonlinear *** is noted that the proposed chaotic system has a hidden attractor since it has an infinite number of equilibrium *** is also established that the proposed chaotic system exhibits multi-stability with two coexisting chaotic attractors for the same parameter values but differential initial states.A detailed bifurcation analysis with respect to variations in the system parameters is portrayed for the new chaotic system with capsule equilibrium *** have shown MATLAB plots to illustrate the capsule equilibrium curve,phase orbits of the new chaotic system,bifurcation diagrams and *** an engineering application,we have proposed a speech cryptosystem with a numerical algorithm,which is based on our novel 3-D chaotic system with a capsule-shaped equilibrium *** proposed speech cryptosystem follows its security evolution and implementation on Field Programmable Gate Array(FPGA)*** results show that the proposed encryption system utilizes 33%of the FPGA,while the maximum clock frequency is 178.28 MHz.

关键词： Chaos chaotic systems hidden attractors multi-stability bifurcation speech cryptosystem FPGA design

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A Development of Object Detection System based on Deep Learning Approach to Support the Laparoscope Manipulating Robot (LMR)

A Development of Object Detection System based on Deep Learn...

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2022 International Electrical engineering Congress, iEECON 2022

作者： Sonsilphong, Suphachoke Sonsilphong, Amornthep Hormdee, Daranee Khampitak, Kovit Khon Kaen University Data Science Health Informatics Program Academic Affairs Faculty of Medicine Khon Kaen Thailand Rajamangala University of Technology Isan Department of Electrical Engineering Khon Kean Thailand Khon Kaen University Embedded System RD Group Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Khon Kean Thailand Khon Kean University Faculty of Medicine Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Khon Kean Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9781665402064

This paper presents the development of an object detection system based on the deep learning approach of computer vision to support the laparoscopic surgical robotic position control system. The system comprises two main phases, the training phase, and the real-time operating phase. In the training phase, a modified YOLOv4 algorithm is proposed to be adopted within the Darknet framework for training the weights of detection models. The best detection model is then selected to be assigned to the object detector in the real-time operating phase. The validation result of the detection model across the experiment datasets is 90% accuracy on average during the training phase. To validate the viability of real-time object detection, the proposed system was implemented in two test-cases of gynecologic surgery with the soft-body cadavers. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Laparoscopy

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Fast Computation of the Discrete Fourier Transform Square Index Coefficients

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Queiroz, Saulo Vilela, João P. Monteiro, Edmundo PR Ponta Grossa Brazil The Department of Computer Science The University of Porto Porto Portugal CRACS INESCTEC CISUC The Department of Computer Science Faculty of Sciences University of Porto Portugal Department of Informatics Engineering The University of Coimbra CISUC Portugal

The N-point discrete Fourier transform (DFT) is a cornerstone for several signal processing applications. Many of these applications operate in real-time, making the computational complexity of the DFT a critical performance indicator to be optimized. Unfortunately, whether the O(N log2 N) time complexity of the fast Fourier transform (FFT) can be outperformed remains an unresolved question in the theory of computation. However, in many applications of the DFT – such as compressive sensing, image processing, and wideband spectral analysis [1] – only a small fraction of the output signal needs to be computed because the signal is sparse. This motivates the development of algorithms that compute specific DFT coefficients more efficiently than the FFT algorithm. In this article, we show that the number of points of some DFT coefficients can be dramatically reduced by means of elementary mathematical properties. We present an algorithm that compresses the square index coefficients (SICs) of DFT (i.e., Xk√N, k = 0,1,···, √N −1, for a square number N) from N to √N points at the expense of N −1 complex sums and no multiplication. Based on this, any regular DFT algorithm can be straightforwardly applied to compute the SICs with a reduced number of complex multiplications. If N is a power of two, one can combine our algorithm with the FFT algorithm to calculate all SICs in O(√N log2√N) time complexity. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Discrete Fourier transforms

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