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Application of human activity/action recognition: a review

Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-30页

作者： sedaghati, Nazanin ardebili, Sondos Ghaffari, Ali Department of Computer Engineering Tabriz Branch Islamic Azad University Tabriz Iran Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Natural Science Istinye University Istanbul Turkey Department of Computer Science Khazar University Baku Azerbaijan

Human activity recognition is a crucial domain in computer science and artificial intelligence that involves the Detection, Classification, and Prediction of human activities using sensor data such as accelerometers, gyroscopes, etc. This field utilizes time-series signals from sensors present in smartphones and wearable devices to extract human activities. Various types of sensors, including inertial HAR sensors, physiological sensors, location sensors, cameras, and temporal sensors, are employed in diverse environments within this domain. It finds valuable applications in various areas such as smart homes, elderly care, the Internet of Things (IoT), personal care, social sciences, rehabilitation engineering, fitness, and more. With the advancement of computational power, deep learning algorithms have been recognized as effective and efficient methods for detecting and solving well-established HAR issues. In this research, a review of various deep learning algorithms is presented with a focus on distinguishing between two key aspects: activity and action. Action refers to specific, short-term movements and behaviors, while activity refers to a set of related, continuous affairs over time. The reviewed articles are categorized based on the type of algorithms and applications, specifically sensor-based and vision-based. The total number of reviewed articles in this research is 80 sources, categorized into 42 references. By offering a detailed classification of relevant articles, this comprehensive review delves into the analysis and scrutiny of the scientific community in the HAR domain using deep learning algorithms. It serves as a valuable guide for researchers and enthusiasts to gain a better understanding of the advancements and challenges within this field. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Human Action Detection Human Activity Recognition (HAR) Human–computer Interaction (HCI) Sensors Smartphones

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Dynamic Multi-Graph Spatio-Temporal Graph Traffic Flow Prediction in Bangkok:An Application of a Continuous Convolutional Neural Network

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computer Modeling in engineering & sciences 2025年第1期142卷 579-607页

作者： Pongsakon Promsawat Weerapan Sae-dan Marisa Kaewsuwan Weerawat Sudsutad Aphirak Aphithana Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of EngineeringRamkhamkaeng UniversityBangkok10240Thailand Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of EngineeringRamkhamkaeng UniversityBangkok10240Thailand Department of Statistics Faculty of ScienceRamkhamkaeng UniversityBangkok10240Thailand

The ability to accurately predict urban traffic flows is crucial for optimising city ***,various methods for forecasting urban traffic have been developed,focusing on analysing historical data to understand complex mobility *** learning techniques,such as graph neural networks(GNNs),are popular for their ability to capture spatio-temporal ***,these models often become overly complex due to the large number of hyper-parameters *** this study,we introduce Dynamic Multi-Graph Spatial-Temporal Graph Neural Ordinary Differential Equation Networks(DMST-GNODE),a framework based on ordinary differential equations(ODEs)that autonomously discovers effective spatial-temporal graph neural network(STGNN)architectures for traffic prediction *** comparative analysis of DMST-GNODE and baseline models indicates that DMST-GNODE model demonstrates superior performance across multiple datasets,consistently achieving the lowest Root Mean Square Error(RMSE)and Mean Absolute Error(MAE)values,alongside the highest *** the BKK(Bangkok)dataset,it outperformed other models with an RMSE of 3.3165 and an accuracy of 0.9367 for a 20-min interval,maintaining this trend across 40 and 60 ***,on the PeMS08 dataset,DMST-GNODE achieved the best performance with an RMSE of 19.4863 and an accuracy of 0.9377 at 20 min,demonstrating its effectiveness over longer *** Los_Loop dataset results further emphasise this model’s advantage,with an RMSE of 3.3422 and an accuracy of 0.7643 at 20 min,consistently maintaining superiority across all time *** numerical highlights indicate that DMST-GNODE not only outperforms baseline models but also achieves higher accuracy and lower errors across different time intervals and datasets.

关键词： Graph neural networks convolutional neural network deep learning dynamic multi-graph spatio-temporal

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Dictionary Attention-Weighted Cross-Domain Contrastive Learning for Remote Sensing Image Change Detection

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Data Intelligence 2024年第4期6卷 893-908页

作者： Tian Wei Youfa Liu Rui Zhao School of Computer Science Wuhan UniversityWuhan430072China Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ningbo University315211China

Significant progress has been made in remote sensing image change detection due to the rapid development of Deep Learning techniques. Convolutional neural networks(CNNs) have become foundational models in this field. Previous works on remote sensing image change detection has utilized domain adaptation methods, achieving promising predictive performance. However, the transferable knowledge between source and target domain has not been fully exploited. In this paper, we propose a novel cross-domain contrastive learning approach for remote sensing image change detection, which correlates source and target domain using contrastive principles. Specifically, we introduce a transferable cross-domain Dictionary Learning scheme where a shared dictionary between the source and target domains generates sparse representations. Based on these representations, we compute attention weights and propose an attention-weighted contrastive loss to enhance knowledge transfer between source and target domains. Experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods on public remote sensing image change detection datasets.

关键词： Change detection Domain adaptation Contrastive learning Dictionary Learning Attention mechanism

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Arrhythmia Detection by Using Chaos Theory with Machine Learning Algorithms

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 3855-3875页

作者： Maie Aboghazalah Passent El-kafrawy Abdelmoty M.Ahmed Rasha Elnemr Belgacem Bouallegue Ayman El-sayed Math and Computer Science Department Faculty of ScienceMenoufia UniversityShebin El-komEgypt College of Engineering Computer Science DepartmentEffat UniversityJeddahKingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbha61421Saudi Arabia Computer Science and Engineering Department Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityShebin El-komEgypt Climate Change Information Center and Expert Systems Agriculture Research CenterGizaEgypt

Heart monitoring improves life ***(ECGs or EKGs)detect heart *** learning algorithms can create a few ECG diagnosis processing *** first method uses raw ECG and time-series *** second method classifies the ECG by patient *** third technique translates ECG impulses into Q waves,R waves and S waves(QRS)features using richer *** ECG signals vary naturally between humans and activities,we will combine the three feature selection methods to improve classification accuracy and *** using all three approaches have not been examined till *** researchers found that Machine Learning(ML)techniques can improve ECG *** study will compare popular machine learning techniques to evaluate ECG *** algorithms—Support Vector Machine(SVM),Decision Tree,Naive Bayes,and Neural Network—compare categorization *** plus prior knowledge has the highest accuracy(99%)of the four ML *** characteristics failed to identify signals without chaos *** 99.8%classification accuracy,the Decision Tree technique outperformed all previous experiments.

关键词： ECG extraction ECG leads time series prior knowledge and arrhythmia chaos theory QRS complex analysis machine learning ECG classification

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A State-Migration Particle Swarm Optimizer for Adaptive Latent Factor Analysis of High-Dimensional and Incomplete Data

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第11期11卷 2220-2235页

作者： Jiufang Chen Kechen Liu Xin Luo Ye Yuan Khaled Sedraoui Yusuf Al-Turki MengChu Zhou IEEE the College of Computer Science and Technology Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications the Department of Computer Science Columbia University the College of Computer and Information Science Southwest University the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineeringand also with K.A.CARE Energy Research and Innovation CenterKing Abdulaziz University the Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems the Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringFaculty of Engineeringand also with K.A.CARE Energy Research and Innovation CenterKing Abdulaziz University the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering New Jersey Institute of Technology

High-dimensional and incomplete(HDI) matrices are primarily generated in all kinds of big-data-related practical applications. A latent factor analysis(LFA) model is capable of conducting efficient representation learning to an HDI matrix,whose hyper-parameter adaptation can be implemented through a particle swarm optimizer(PSO) to meet scalable ***, conventional PSO is limited by its premature issues,which leads to the accuracy loss of a resultant LFA model. To address this thorny issue, this study merges the information of each particle's state migration into its evolution process following the principle of a generalized momentum method for improving its search ability, thereby building a state-migration particle swarm optimizer(SPSO), whose theoretical convergence is rigorously proved in this study. It is then incorporated into an LFA model for implementing efficient hyper-parameter adaptation without accuracy loss. Experiments on six HDI matrices indicate that an SPSO-incorporated LFA model outperforms state-of-the-art LFA models in terms of prediction accuracy for missing data of an HDI matrix with competitive computational ***, SPSO's use ensures efficient and reliable hyper-parameter adaptation in an LFA model, thus ensuring practicality and accurate representation learning for HDI matrices.

关键词： Data science generalized momentum high-dimensional and incomplete(HDI)data hyper-parameter adaptation latent factor analysis(LFA) particle swarm optimization(PSO)

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Automating skin cancer screening: a deep learning

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Journal of engineering and Applied science 2025年第1期72卷 1-18页

作者： Rashad, Nada M. Abdelnapi, Noha MM. Seddik, Ahmed F. Sayedelahl, M.A. Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computers and Information Suez University Suez43221 Egypt Biomedical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Helwan University Cairo11795 Egypt Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computers and Information Damanhour University Damanhour22511 Egypt

Skin cancer presents in various forms, including squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), basal cell carcinoma (BCC), and melanoma. Established risk factors include ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure from solar or artificial sources, lighter skin pigmentation, a history of sunburns, and a family history of the disease. Early detection and prompt intervention are crucial for achieving a favorable prognosis. Traditionally, treatment modalities include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Recent advancements in immunotherapy have revolutionized skin cancer diagnosis, but manual identification remains time-consuming. Artificial intelligence (AI) has shown potential in skin cancer classification, leading to automated screening methods. To support dermatologists, we improved the model for classifying images. This model is able to recognize seven different kinds of skin lesions. On the ISIC dataset, an analysis has been done. This study offers a novel approach to early skin cancer diagnosis based on image processing. Our approach leverages the high accuracy of a specific convolutional neural network architecture, utilizing transfer learning with pre-trained data to further enhance detection performance. Our findings demonstrate that the employed ResNet-50 transfer learning model achieves a remarkable accuracy of 97%, while ResNet50 without augmentation gives an accuracy of 81.57% and an F1-score of 75.75%. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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ClipArtGAN: An Application of Pix2Pix Generative Adversarial Network for Clip Art Generation

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-25页

作者： Elnabawy, Reham H. Abdennadher, Slim Hellwich, Olaf Eldawlatly, Seif Technische Universität Berlin Berlin Germany Computer Science and Engineering Department Faculty of Media Engineering and Technology German University in Cairo Cairo Egypt Computer Science Department Faculty of Informatics and Computer Science German International University New Administrative Capital Egypt Computer and Systems Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Ain Shams University 1 El-sarayat st. Abbassia Cairo Egypt Computer Science and Engineering Department The American University in Cairo Cairo Egypt School of Information Technology New Giza University Giza Egypt

An image can convey a thousand words. This statement emphasizes the importance of illustrating ideas visually rather than writing them down. Although detailed image representation is typically instructive, there are several contexts where simplification of image representations may be more informative. One way to provide an abstract representation of an object is via clip art, which is a simple graphic illustration of an object that can be included in documents or presentations. Clip art representation can be utilized in graphic design for concepts expression and daily life objects illustration. Furthermore, clip art had shown remarkable advantages when compared to real images in terms of editing and manipulation since clip art geometry can be easily edited in addition to the feasibility of storing it in a resolution-independent manner. However, it can be difficult to automatically create clip arts that resemble any object. Here, we propose a novel deep learning model, named ClipArtGAN, that utilizes Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) to convert a photo of an object to its corresponding clip art. To our knowledge, this is the first GAN model based on Pix2Pix architecture that is capable of automatically generating clip art for any arbitrary object. Three training datasets were collected to train and compare two GAN models based on Pix2Pix and CycleGAN architectures. Our results demonstrate that the mean accuracy obtained using ClipArtGAN utilizing Pix2Pix outperforms that of CycleGAN by 58% and that of Google Images-based search by 54%. These results indicate the efficacy of ClipArtGAN in generating representative clip art images. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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Unveiling Deceptive Intentions: Insights from Fixations and Pupil Size

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Proceedings of the ACM on Human-computer Interaction 2024年第ETRA期8卷 1-17页

作者： Foucher, Valentin Huckauf, Anke Department of General Psychology Faculty of Engineering Computer Science and Psychology Ulm University Germany

Recognition of deceptive intentions from the eyes has been of appealing interest in the last decades but is still unresolved. Here, we report the development of a paradigm based on the Concealed Information Test enabling the study of various kinds of deception, that is, faking and concealing. Based on a card game, we compared fixation as well as pupil behaviour while participants were instructed to fake, conceal, or tell the truth. We realized two different layouts of stimulus presentation. Fixations differed between concealing versus faking and telling the truth;pupil size additionally unveiled the object of deception. We infer that various kinds of deceptive behaviour must be carefully distinguished, and contribute to how to use gaze measures as indicators of deceptive intentions. © 2024 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Eye tracking

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Development of a machine learning model for predicting abnormalities of commercial airplanes

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Data science and Management 2024年第3期7卷 256-265页

作者： Rossi Passarella Siti Nurmaini Muhammad Naufal Rachmatullah Harumi Veny Fara Nissya Nur Hafidzoh Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Computer ScienceUniversitas Sriwijaya30662Indonesia Intelligent System Research Group(ISysRG) Faculty of Computer ScienceUniversitas Sriwijaya30662Indonesia Department of Informatics Faculty of Computer ScienceUniversitas Sriwijaya30662Indonesia College of Engineering Studies Universiti Teknologi MARA(UiTM)Shah Alam40450Malaysia

Airplanes are a social necessity for movement of humans,goods,and *** are generally safe modes of transportation;however,incidents and accidents occasionally *** prevent aviation accidents,it is necessary to develop a machine-learning model to detect and predict commercial flights using automatic dependent surveillance–broadcast *** study combined data-quality detection,anomaly detection,and abnormality-classification-model *** research methodology involved the following stages:problem statement,data selection and labeling,prediction-model development,deployment,and *** data labeling process was based on the rules framed by the international civil aviation organization for commercial,jet-engine flights and validated by expert commercial *** results showed that the best prediction model,the quadratic-discriminant-analysis,was 93%accurate,indicating a“good fit”.Moreover,the model’s area-under-the-curve results for abnormal and normal detection were 0.97 and 0.96,respectively,thus confirming its“good fit”.

关键词： Automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast data Commercial airplanes accident Data-labeling Machine learning Prediction model

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An Efficient Encryption and Compression of Sensed IoT Medical Images Using Auto-Encoder

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computer Modeling in engineering & sciences 2023年第2期134卷 909-926页

作者： Passent El-kafrawy Maie Aboghazalah Abdelmoty M.Ahmed Hanaa Torkey Ayman El-Sayed School of Information Technology and Computer Science Nile UniversityGiza12677Egypt Math and Computer Science Department Faculty of ScienceMenoufia UniversityMenoufia32511Egypt Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbha61421Saudi Arabia Computer Science and Engineering Department Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityMenouf32952Egypt

Healthcare systems nowadays depend on IoT sensors for sending data over the internet as a common *** ofmedical images is very important to secure patient *** these images consumes a lot of time onedge computing;therefore,theuse of anauto-encoder for compressionbefore encodingwill solve such a *** this paper,we use an auto-encoder to compress amedical image before encryption,and an encryption output(vector)is sent out over the *** the other hand,a decoder was used to reproduce the original image back after the vector was received and *** convolutional neural networks were conducted to evaluate our proposed approach:The first one is the auto-encoder,which is utilized to compress and encrypt the images,and the other assesses the classification accuracy of the image after decryption and *** hyperparameters of the encoder were tested,followed by the classification of the image to verify that no critical information was lost,to test the encryption and encoding *** this approach,sixteen hyperparameter permutations are utilized,but this research discusses three main cases in *** first case shows that the combination of Mean Square Logarithmic Error(MSLE),ADAgrad,two layers for the auto-encoder,and ReLU had the best auto-encoder results with a Mean Absolute Error(MAE)=0.221 after 50 epochs and 75%classification with the best result for the classification *** second case shows the reflection of auto-encoder results on the classification results which is a combination ofMean Square Error(MSE),RMSprop,three layers for the auto-encoder,and ReLU,which had the best classification accuracy of 65%,the auto-encoder gives MAE=0.31 after 50 *** third case is the worst,which is the combination of the hinge,RMSprop,three layers for the auto-encoder,and ReLU,providing accuracy of 20%and MAE=0.485.

关键词： Auto-encoder cloud image encryption IoT healthcare

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