Assembly Instruction Manuals usually consist of both explanation and illustration. An expart who has rich knowledge on mechanical assemblies is able to under stand illustration without reading explanation. It is, how ...
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Assembly Instruction Manuals usually consist of both explanation and illustration. An expart who has rich knowledge on mechanical assemblies is able to under stand illustration without reading explanation. It is, how ever, difficult for a novice to read an instruction manual without referring to both of them. People may probably read explanation and see illustration alternately. It is difficult to model the human method because switching between two processes depends on knowledge level. In this paper, a method is proposed as the first version for integrating interpretation by both explanation and illustration.
In transport-layer protocols such as TCP over ATM networks, a packet is discarded when one or more cells are lost in that packet, and the destination node then requires its source to retransmit the corrupted packet. T...
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In transport-layer protocols such as TCP over ATM networks, a packet is discarded when one or more cells are lost in that packet, and the destination node then requires its source to retransmit the corrupted packet. Therefore, once one of the cells constituting a packet is lost, the subsequent cells of the corrupted packet waste network resources. Thus, discarding those cells will enable us to efficiently utilize the network resources and improve the packet loss probability. We focus on tail dropping (TD) and early packet discard (EPD) as selective cell discard schemes which force the switches to discard some of the arriving cells instead of relaying them. We exactly analyze the packet loss probability in a system applying these schemes. Their advantage and limits are then discussed based on numerical results derived through the analysis.
This paper describes the representation of an assembly architecture. A functional element is introduced to represent assembly architecture. By using this functional clement, constraint of assembly architecture can be ...
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Subjects voluntarily inspire a gas mixture in which the CO/sub 2/ concentration is changed stepwise or randomly. The respiratory flow rate and pCO/sub 2/ in the inspired and expired gases are measured to yield the end...
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Subjects voluntarily inspire a gas mixture in which the CO/sub 2/ concentration is changed stepwise or randomly. The respiratory flow rate and pCO/sub 2/ in the inspired and expired gases are measured to yield the end-tidal pCO/sub 2/ and minute ventilation, which are the input and output of the pCO/sub 2/ control system, respectively. A NARMAX (Nonlinear Auto-Regressive Moving Average with eXogeneous inputs) model of the system is estimated using a three-layered feedforward neural network. The estimated model contains terms, y(t-1), x(t-1), x(t-2), X/sup 2/(t-2) and y(t-1)x(t-2). A measure of nonlinearity calculated from the data used for estimation shows the pCO/sub 2/ control system in most subjects has a nonlinearity which cannot be neglected.
This paper concerns the decentralized design for a MIMO system. The decentralized design means the design of the combination of a pre-compensator and decentralized controllers. An advantage of this idea is that we can...
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This paper concerns the decentralized design for a MIMO system. The decentralized design means the design of the combination of a pre-compensator and decentralized controllers. An advantage of this idea is that we can regard the decentralized controllers as SISO controllers, if the pre-compensator sufficiently decouples the plant. As a result, it is easy to comprehend the relationship between the controllers and specifications. However, it may occur that the structural restriction of the decentralized controllers results in a poorer performance than a centralized controller. This paper shows that the decentralized design proposed realizes a performance equal to the centralized one in the mixed sensitivity problem based on certain assumptions.
The plane elasticity problem of an infinite plate containing an elliptical inclusion is considered and the solutions for a point force and/or a dislocation located inside the inclusion are derived. By using the comple...
The plane elasticity problem of an infinite plate containing an elliptical inclusion is considered and the solutions for a point force and/or a dislocation located inside the inclusion are derived. By using the complex potential approach of Muskhelishvili, the general solutions are obtained in a form of a certain function plus an infinite series. The numerical convergence of the solutions is found to be better than that of Warren's solutions for the same problem. The proposed solutions are also appropriate for the case of a point force and dislocation acting at a point just on the interface.
The singular stress field around a sharp notch tip is expressed as a sum of two independent fields: a symmetric field with a stress singularity 1/tau(1-lambda 1) and a skew-symmetric field with a stress singularity 1/...
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The singular stress field around a sharp notch tip is expressed as a sum of two independent fields: a symmetric field with a stress singularity 1/tau(1-lambda 1) and a skew-symmetric field with a stress singularity 1/tau(1-lambda 2). The intensities of the symmetric and skew-symmetric singular stress fields are defined in terms of constants K-I and K-II, respectively. In this study, a plane problem of a strip with single or double edge notches under tension or in-plane bending is considered. The bisector of the notch may be inclined to the edge, so that the two singular stress fields with different singularities may be created simultaneously at the notch tip. The body force method is used to calculate the stress intensity factors K-I and K-II. In numerical analysis, basic density functions of the body forces are introduced to characterize the stress singularity at the notch tip. The advantages of this technique are the high accuracy of results, due to the smoothness of the unknown weight functions, and the presence of the direct relation between the values of K-I and K-II and the values of unknown weight functions. The stress intensity factors are systematically calculated for the various geometrical conditions.
Bi-substituted gadolinium iron garnet films were deposited by laser ablation. The composition, the structure and the magnetic properties of the films were found to be strongly dependent both on the compositions of the...
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Bi-substituted gadolinium iron garnet films were deposited by laser ablation. The composition, the structure and the magnetic properties of the films were found to be strongly dependent both on the compositions of the targets and on the pressure of oxygen. The highest values of Bi-substitution up to x = 1.44 with uniform composition were obtained, after annealing in air.
Learning of large-scale neural networks suffers from computational cost and the local minima problem. One solution to these difficulties is the use of modular structured networks. Proposed here is the learning of modu...
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Learning of large-scale neural networks suffers from computational cost and the local minima problem. One solution to these difficulties is the use of modular structured networks. Proposed here is the learning of modular networks using structural learning with forgetting. It enables the formation of modules. It also enables automatic utilization of appropriate modules from among the previously learned ones. This not only achieves efficient learning, but also makes the resulting network understandable due to its modular character. In the learning of a Boolean function, the present module acquires information from its subtask module without any supervision. In the parity problem, a previously learned lower-order parity problem is automatically used. The geometrical transformation of figures can be realized by a sequence of elementary transformations. This sequence can also be discovered by the learning of multi-layer modular networks. These examples well demonstrate the effectiveness of modular structured networks constructed by structural learning with forgetting.
The fundamental solution is derived for the two-dimensional elastic field in a plane of two joined semi-infinite plates, one of which is isotropic and the other anisotropic. A concentrated force or dislocation is appl...
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The fundamental solution is derived for the two-dimensional elastic field in a plane of two joined semi-infinite plates, one of which is isotropic and the other anisotropic. A concentrated force or dislocation is applied at a point in the isotropic semi-infinite plate. A closed-form solution is obtained using the complex variable method. A special case of isotropic-orthotropic two-phase medium is deduced for the general solution including the case when the principal direction of elasticity of the orthotropic medium is not parallel to the interface of plates.
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